CN104142495A - Squint SAR point target interpolation and section interception method based on frequency spectrum - Google Patents
Squint SAR point target interpolation and section interception method based on frequency spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN104142495A CN104142495A CN201410353805.4A CN201410353805A CN104142495A CN 104142495 A CN104142495 A CN 104142495A CN 201410353805 A CN201410353805 A CN 201410353805A CN 104142495 A CN104142495 A CN 104142495A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
- G01S13/9041—Squint mode
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a squint SAR point target interpolation and section interception method based on a frequency spectrum, and belongs to the field of an SAR. Firstly, an intercepted image containing an SAR point target is transformed into a frequency domain for cyclic extension of a frequency domain image; secondly, a full point target frequency spectrum is obtained through an image segmentation technology, corner point detection is carried out on the intercepted frequency spectrum, and a sidelobe direction is obtained through calculation; thirdly, frequency domain zero padding is conducted on the frequency spectrum, and a point target interpolation image is obtained through inverse Fourier transformation; finally, section maps of the point target in two directions are obtained according to the sidelobe direction obtained through calculation and used for point target performance index calculation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to synthetic-aperture radar field, relate to a kind of Squint SAR point target interpolation and section intercept method based on frequency spectrum, be applicable to the mode of operation of multiple SAR system.
Background technology
In the time that the performance of SAR system is assessed, conventionally need to carry out the resolution, peak sidelobe ratio of image and the assessment of integration secondary lobe ratio based on point target.In the time carrying out the quality evaluation of SAR point target image, mainly comprise three steps:
(1), point target interpolation;
(2), the intercepting of two directional profile figure;
(3), carry out the calculating of the performance index such as resolution, peak sidelobe ratio, integration secondary lobe compare according to the sectional view intercepting.
In above-mentioned three steps, the 3rd step is simple and be easy to realize, and in the time carrying out the larger SAR point target assessment in angle of squint, and existing method exists the inaccurate problem with two dimensional cross-section intercept operation complexity of point target interpolation.The problem of paper point target interpolation.
The interpolation method of conventional SAR point target is realized by frequency domain zero padding, and specific implementation step is:
(1), point target is carried out to two-dimensional Fourier transform and obtain point target frequency domain figure;
(2), carry out fftshift operation frequency spectrum is moved to picture centre position;
(3), according to interpolation multiple, frequency spectrum is carried out to end zero padding;
(4), frequency spectrum after zero padding is carried out to inverse transformation and obtain point target interpolation result.
The SAR system of early stage development is operated under positive side-looking or little strabismus mode more, and imaging point target adopts said method can obtain correct interpolation result.Along with the increase to SAR demand, follow-up multiple SAR mode of operation proposed, looking side ways even large Squint SAR also becomes the conventional mode of operation of SAR system.And in the time carrying out in large Squint SAR point target interpolation, because frequency spectrum rotation makes to be difficult to obtain complete frequency spectrum by said method, thereby cannot obtain correct interpolation result.
For addressing the above problem, people have proposed some solutions, and modal a kind of solution is first to carry out the detection in the effective district of frequency spectrum at present, then to the zero padding of frequency spectrum dead space.But this kind of applicable prerequisite of method is: the effective district of frequency spectrum is positioned at four jiaos of frequency spectrum.And in practice, when the secondary lobe pitch angle that causes when angle of squint is larger (being greater than 45 degree), the frequency spectrum causing due to the stravismus prerequisite that makes the effective district of frequency spectrum be positioned at four jiaos of frequency spectrums of reeling is no longer set up, and now cannot obtain equally correct interpolation result with said method.
Analyze and find, the reason that existing SAR point target interpolation method can not obtain correct interpolation result in large stravismus situation is: the frequency spectrum rotation causing due to stravismus is reeled and made the position distribution of the effective district of frequency spectrum in point target frequency spectrum irregular with frequency spectrum, thereby causes existing method can not obtain correct complete point target frequency spectrum.
In the time carrying out SAR image quality measure according to point target, the intercepting of two directional profile figure need to be carried out, and sectional view intercepting will be carried out, first to calculate secondary lobe direction.Definite method of existing secondary lobe direction mainly comprises that the fitting a straight line method and the man-machine interaction that detect based on local peaking's power points intercept method.Fitting a straight line method depends on the detection of local peaking's power points, the point target generating for emulation under little angle of squint, the method is suitable for, but in large stravismus or actual measurement SAR image, due to the coupling of bidimensional secondary lobe and the impact of background energy, exist side lobe peak to detect inaccurate problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Squint SAR point target interpolation and section intercept method based on spectral image processing is provided, solved the interpolation result existing in existing SAR point target evaluation process inaccurate with two directional profile figure intercept operation complexity, problem poor for applicability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Squint SAR point target interpolation and section intercept method based on frequency spectrum, and step is as follows:
1) obtain the point target C0 that size is M × N, and it is carried out obtaining after two-dimensional Fourier transform size is that the point target 2-d spectrum figure of M × N is J0;
2) point target spectrogram J0 upper and lower respectively carried out to the cyclic extensions that 2M is ordered, left and rightly respectively carry out the cyclic extensions that 2N is ordered, size after being expanded is the point target spectrogram J1 of 5M × 5N, the position of J0 in J1 can be expressed as J0=J1 (2M+1:3M, 2N+1:3N), to the spectrum amplitude figure Ja after being expanded after J1 delivery;
3) Ja is carried out to the sliding window filtering of 3 × 3 average, obtain filtered spread-spectrum map of magnitudes Jb, and ask the maximum of T max of Jb;
4) spread-spectrum map of magnitudes Jb is carried out to Threshold segmentation, obtain the bianry image B after cutting apart, its segmentation threshold is taken as Tmax/25, and concrete Threshold segmentation process is as follows
wherein m ∈ [1, M], n ∈ [1, N]
5) the each connected region that is 1 to bianry image B intermediate value is numbered, and obtains numbering result C; Find out the numbering k at maximum value position place in Ja (2M+1:3M, 2N+1:3N) image block;
6) establishing interpolation multiple is 8, and construction size size is the full null matrix J2 ' of 8M × 8N;
7) according to connected region numbering result C and spread spectrum diagram J1, to the spectrogram J2 that obtains after J2 ' again assignment comprising unique complete frequency spectrum, concrete operations are as follows:
wherein m ∈ [1,8M], n ∈ [1,8N];
8) point target spectrogram J2 is carried out to the Corner Detection at four angles, establish 4 angle points and be followed successively by D1 by arranged clockwise, D2, D3, D4; Calculate respectively the tiltangleθ of angle point line between two
12, θ
34, θ
14, θ
23;
9) according to the tiltangleθ of two secondary lobe directions in the point target image of the tilt angle calculation of angle point line acquisition between two in point target frequency spectrum
1, θ
2:
10) point target spectrogram J2 is carried out to inverse Fourier transform, obtain point target interpolation result C1;
11) the amplitude maximal value in acquisition point target interpolation result C1 record its position, according to calculating gained two secondary lobe direction tiltangleθs
1, θ
2, constructed two straight line L of maximum value position
1, L
2, then extract two straight lines in interpolation result C1 the pixel of process, obtain two directional profile figure.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
(1) aspect point target interpolation, the complete point target frequency spectrum extracting method that combines with carrying out image threshold segmentation based on spectral image cyclic extensions has been proposed, realized the point target interpolation of any angle of squint full automation.
(2) aspect section extraction, the present invention is according to the corresponding relation of image secondary lobe direction and the frequency spectrum anglec of rotation, the method that has proposed to calculate according to frequency spectrum angle point line inclination angle point target secondary lobe direction, has realized the automatic acquisition in large slanting view angle machine scope near-in sidelobe direction.
(3) carrying out aspect secondary lobe direction definite, the present invention is used for the mean value at frequency spectrum opposite side inclination angle to carry out the calculating of secondary lobe direction, expand the scope of application of the present invention, make it not be only applicable to SAR system works in the point target assessment at fixed strabismus angle, be equally applicable to become in synthetic aperture process the situation of angle of squint, as the beam bunching mode that slides, double-basis pattern, middle high rail SAR system etc.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the present invention carries out SAR point target interpolation and section intercepting;
Fig. 2 is Squint SAR system point target imaging result;
Fig. 3 is point target spectrum amplitude figure;
Fig. 4 is the spectrogram of expansion;
The extraction of Fig. 5 complete frequency spectrum and angle point numbering;
Fig. 6 be 8 times of interpolation results of point target shown in Fig. 2 and structure cross peak point and the straight line along secondary lobe direction;
Fig. 7 extracts result along the section of secondary lobe direction one in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 extracts result along the section of secondary lobe direction two in Fig. 6.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Squint SAR point target interpolation and section intercept method based on frequency spectrum of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
1) obtain the point target C0 that size is M × N, and it is carried out obtaining after two-dimensional Fourier transform size is that the point target 2-d spectrum figure of M × N is J0;
2) point target spectrogram J0 upper and lower respectively carried out to the cyclic extensions that 2M is ordered, left and rightly respectively carry out the cyclic extensions that 2N is ordered, size after being expanded is the point target spectrogram J1 of 5M × 5N, the position of J0 in J1 can be expressed as J0=J1 (2M+1:3M, 2N+1:3N), to the spectrum amplitude figure Ja after being expanded after J1 delivery;
3) Ja is carried out to the sliding window filtering of 3 × 3 average, obtain filtered spread-spectrum map of magnitudes Jb, and ask the maximum of T max of Jb;
4) spread-spectrum map of magnitudes Jb is carried out to Threshold segmentation, obtain the bianry image B after cutting apart, its segmentation threshold is taken as Tmax/25, and concrete Threshold segmentation process is as follows
wherein m ∈ [1, M], n ∈ [1, N]
5) the each connected region that is 1 to bianry image B intermediate value is numbered, and obtains numbering result C; Find out the numbering k at maximum value position place in Ja (2M+1:3M, 2N+1:3N) image block;
6) establishing interpolation multiple is 8, and construction size size is the full null matrix J2 ' of 8M × 8N;
7) according to connected region numbering result C and spread spectrum diagram J1, to the spectrogram J2 that obtains after J2 ' again assignment comprising unique complete frequency spectrum, concrete operations are as follows:
wherein m ∈ [1,8M], n ∈ [1,8N];
8) point target spectrogram J2 is carried out to the Corner Detection at four angles, establish 4 angle points and be followed successively by D1 by arranged clockwise, D2, D3, D4; Calculate respectively the tiltangleθ of angle point line between two
12, θ
34, θ
14, θ
23;
9) according to the tiltangleθ of two secondary lobe directions in the point target image of the tilt angle calculation of angle point line acquisition between two in point target frequency spectrum
1, θ
2:
10) point target spectrogram J2 is carried out to inverse Fourier transform, obtain point target interpolation result C1;
11) the amplitude maximal value in acquisition point target interpolation result C1 record its position, according to calculating gained two secondary lobe direction tiltangleθs
1, θ
2, constructed two straight line L of maximum value position
1, L
2, then extract two straight lines in interpolation result C1 the pixel of process, obtain two directional profile figure.
Being operated in Squint SAR system (angle of squint is greater than 45 °) the point target interpolation of band pattern and section taking a certain shown in Fig. 2 below intercepts as example and carries out of the present invention illustrating.
A. according to step (1), point target shown in Fig. 2 is being carried out to two-dimensional Fourier transform, obtaining the spectrogram of point target as shown in Figure 3.
As seen from the figure, now point target frequency spectrum has obvious rotation and coiling, and its position is no longer positioned at four jiaos.Now operate and cannot obtain the whole spectrum figure by fftshift.
B. according to step (2), carry out cyclic extensions with spectrogram shown in Fig. 3, the frequency plot after being expanded, as shown in Figure 4, after cyclic extensions, the piecemeal frequency spectrum causing of reeling reconfigures as multiple the whole spectrums.
C. according to the operation of step (3)～step (7), carry out filtering, the binaryzation operation of spectral image, then image binaryzation result is numbered, and by extracting a whole spectrum in numbering result.The map of magnitudes of the complete frequency spectrum of extracting as shown in Figure 5.
D. according to step (8), carry out the Corner Detection of extracted spectral image and calculate the inclination angle of angle point line between two.The mark of Corner Detection result as shown in Figure 5.
E. according to step (9), according to the inclination angle result of calculation of angle point line between two in point target frequency spectrum, obtain the inclination angle theta of two secondary lobe directions in point target image
1, θ
2.
F. according to step (10), the complete frequency spectrum that extraction is obtained is carried out inverse Fourier transform, obtains 8 times of interpolation results of Fig. 2, as shown in Figure 6.
G. according to step (11), according to calculating gained two secondary lobe direction tiltangleθs
1, θ
2, constructed two straight lines of interpolation result maximum value position.The straight line forming marks in interpolation result shown in Fig. 6, and as shown in Figure 6, the straight line of constructing is just along the secondary lobe direction of interpolation result, and that has verified that the present invention proposes calculates the correctness of secondary lobe direction according to frequency spectrum inclination angle.
Then extract two straight lines in interpolation result the pixel of process, obtain two directional profile figure.The sectional view of the interpolation result of point target shown in Fig. 6 extracts as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8.
As shown in Figure 6, the method proposing according to the present invention, the interpolation result obtaining the in the situation that of large stravismus is correct, and the calculating of two secondary lobe directions is accurate, has realized to robotization point target interpolation and section and has extracted.Therefore the present invention is applicable to the point target assessment of large slanting view angle machine scope.
The above Squint SAR point target interpolation and section that works in band pattern intercepts the just case of the specific embodiment of the invention, the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is under the multiple SAR mode of operation based on point target frequency spectrum cyclic extensions, point target interpolation intercepts automatically with section based on point target frequency spectrum Corner Detection, also comprise that calculate the SAR angle of squint based on point target frequency spectrum Corner Detection, platform heading is determined and SAR imaging process in the determining of the SAR running parameter that reacts based on point target spectrum signature of the calculating etc. of wave beam scanning angle.
The content not being described in detail in instructions of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (1)
1. the Squint SAR point target interpolation based on frequency spectrum and a section intercept method, is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) obtain the point target C0 that size is M × N, and it is carried out obtaining after two-dimensional Fourier transform size is that the point target 2-d spectrum figure of M × N is J0;
2) point target spectrogram J0 upper and lower respectively carried out to the cyclic extensions that 2M is ordered, left and rightly respectively carry out the cyclic extensions that 2N is ordered, size after being expanded is the point target spectrogram J1 of 5M × 5N, the position of J0 in J1 can be expressed as J0=J1 (2M+1:3M, 2N+1:3N), to the spectrum amplitude figure Ja after being expanded after J1 delivery;
3) Ja is carried out to the sliding window filtering of 3 × 3 average, obtain filtered spread-spectrum map of magnitudes Jb, and ask the maximum of T max of Jb;
4) spread-spectrum map of magnitudes Jb is carried out to Threshold segmentation, obtain the bianry image B after cutting apart, its segmentation threshold is taken as Tmax/25, and concrete Threshold segmentation process is as follows
wherein m ∈ [1, M], n ∈ [1, N]
5) the each connected region that is 1 to bianry image B intermediate value is numbered, and obtains numbering result C; Find out the numbering k at maximum value position place in Ja (2M+1:3M, 2N+1:3N) image block;
6) establishing interpolation multiple is 8, and construction size size is the full null matrix J2 ' of 8M × 8N;
7) according to connected region numbering result C and spread spectrum diagram J1, to the spectrogram J2 that obtains after J2 ' again assignment comprising unique complete frequency spectrum, concrete operations are as follows:
wherein m ∈ [1,8M], n ∈ [1,8N];
8) point target spectrogram J2 is carried out to the Corner Detection at four angles, establish 4 angle points and be followed successively by D1 by arranged clockwise, D2, D3, D4; Calculate respectively the tiltangleθ of angle point line between two
12, θ
34, θ
14, θ
23;
9) according to the tiltangleθ of two secondary lobe directions in the point target image of the tilt angle calculation of angle point line acquisition between two in point target frequency spectrum
1, θ
2:
10) point target spectrogram J2 is carried out to inverse Fourier transform, obtain point target interpolation result C1;
11) the amplitude maximal value in acquisition point target interpolation result C1 record its position, according to calculating gained two secondary lobe direction tiltangleθs
1, θ
2, constructed two straight line L of maximum value position
1, L
2, then extract two straight lines in interpolation result C1 the pixel of process, obtain two directional profile figure.
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| CN106154264A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-11-23 | 艾雷达私人有限公司 | Multiband can be reconfigured at underground radar profile survey instrument system |
| CN106959448A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-18 | 中国人民解放军重庆通信学院 | A kind of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR image side lobe suppression method |
| CN110988877A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Satellite-borne high-resolution SAR high squint Doppler deconvolution method |
| CN114415177A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | Squint SAR image single-point target analysis method based on control points |
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| CN110988877B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Satellite-borne high-resolution SAR high squint Doppler deconvolution method |
| CN114415177A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | Squint SAR image single-point target analysis method based on control points |
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