CN104141482A - Directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device and control method of directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device - Google Patents
Directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device and control method of directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device and a control method of the directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device. The directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device comprises data collecting sensors, a programmable controller, a drill rod left and right rotation controller and a monitor, wherein the the sensors include a drill rod torque sensor, a drill rod rotating angle deflection sensor, a vertical pipe pressure sensor, a large hook hanging load sensor and a motor tool surface angle sensor, the programmable controller carries out calculation and analysis on data collected by the sensors, combines a direction drilling experience model with a logic reasoning method for obtaining control parameters and controls a top drive main shaft to rotate and act. The control method comprises the steps of rotating drilling, sliding drilling, tool surface orienting, supporting pressing sliding prevention drilling and sliding drilling tool surface deviation correcting. The control device and the control method provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that the fast and accurate tool surface orienting, correcting and controlling in the directional sliding drilling process are realized; the incapability of drilling pressure or drilling supporting pressure exertion onto a directional sliding drilling drill bit due to well hole friction resistance increase is reduced; the drilling speed and the well drilling efficiency of sliding drilling machinery are respectively and obviously accelerated and improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of oil drilling, particularly relate to a kind of oriented sliding and creep into monitoring while drilling control system.
Background technology
Directed drilling has several different methods, and original adoption whipstock carries out deflecting the boring, can make drill bit change under nyctitropic instrument to desired depth by one, drill bit by time can change drilling direction, reach the object of directed drilling, the method control efficiency is low, easily misses target circle.
Second method is to adopt MTR to realize well directional drilling, the orientation method namely mainly adopting at present.Compared with the method for the method and whipstock deflecting, there is large increase, directed control necessarily improved, but the method mainly adopts the directed tool-face angle with revising motor of manual control rig, because the drilling tool that adopts MTR to implement more than directed drilling motor can not rotate, it is to lean on the bent angle (being commonly called as tool-face) of motor case to realize that drill bit change direction is crept into, and Artificial Control motor tool-face angle efficiency is very low.In addition; because the above drilling tool of motor can not rotate; at this moment directional drilling is also known as to slide and creeps into; in hole deviation and the continuous process increasing of displacement, the axial frictional resistance of well also increases thereupon, slides to creep into often to there will be drill bit backing pressure; namely shaft bottom drilling tool can not continue to carry Bottom Hole Bit Weight In A; bring very large difficulty to drillng operation, therefore, rate of penetration and drilling efficiency that slip is crept into are still very low.
The third method is the most effective rotary steering system at present, and rotary steering system can allow drill bit change direction in the time of whole drilling tool rotation, uses rotary steering system neither to have the problem of adjusting tool-face angle, does not also have the problem of creeping into backing pressure.The advantage of rotary steering system is that drilling tool continuous rotation, fabulous orientation control, hole quality significantly improve, and rate of penetration and drilling efficiency increase substantially.Although rotary steering system has very strong advantage aspect directed drilling, external drilling well industry is used this system to have the several years, and use cost is high, and majority is at sea in drillng operation, to use, and land directed drilling seldom uses this system.Rotary steering system is at present at home also in development, the ripe commercialization popularization and application wait of still needing.
At present, the principal element that affects MTR directed drilling speed is slided and is crept into exactly, and the curved section of the well that namely people know creeps into or horizontal segment creeps into.30% left and right of the whole drilling time that generally accounted for is crept in slip, facts have proved that manual control rig is adjusted and control tool face efficiency is very low, expends time in a lot, greatly the bit speed of impact.Another factor that affects directed drilling speed is crept into backing pressure exactly, drilling tool while creeping into due to oriented sliding more than MTR can not rotate, in the time that well has certain hole deviation and displacement, bottom hole assemblies and part drilling tool lie in the downside of well under the effect of gravity, in addition slush pump row quantitative limitation, hole cleaning is not good, these factors have caused the stiction between well and drilling tool to become increasing, finally cause the pressure of the drill to add less than on drill bit, occur creeping into backing pressure, its result is brought very large impact to rate of penetration and the drilling efficiency of directional drilling.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of oriented sliding that can improve wellbore quality and hole trajectory control and creeps into monitoring while drilling control device.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of oriented sliding and creeps into monitoring while drilling control method.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of oriented sliding creeps into monitoring while drilling control device, this oriented sliding creeps into and is provided with way-type drilling unit, comprise: drilling rod, MTR, drill bit, this monitor controller comprises data sampling sensor, programmable logic controller, drilling rod left rotation and right rotation controller and monitor; Described data sampling sensor comprises: drilling rod torque sensor, drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor, standpipe pressure sensor, hook weigh sensor and motor tool-face angle sensor; Described programmable logic controller, by the data of sensor collection are calculated and analyzed, draws control parameter in conjunction with the method for directed drilling empirical model and reasoning from logic, controls top and drives the accurate spinning movement of main shaft; Described drilling rod one end jointed rod left rotation and right rotation controller, the other end gos deep into drilling well and connects described MTR, and described MTR connects drill bit; Described MTR is provided with MWD tool-face and motor shell bent angle.
On the ground, described motor tool-face angle sensor setting is in described MWD tool-face for described drilling rod torque sensor, drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor, standpipe pressure sensor, the setting of hook weigh sensing.
Oriented sliding creeps into a control method for monitoring while drilling control device, and step is as follows:
S1, is imported by rotary drilling, then creeps into and hockets with slip; S2, slides and creeps into and carry out tool face orientation simultaneously: the drilling tool rotation of vacillating now to the left, now to the right is carried out to slide and crept into, and it is correct if now judge, drill bit touches while occurring that backing pressure and drill bit touch the end before the end tool-face, proceeds to anti-backing pressure slip and creeps into; S3, anti-backing pressure slides and creeps into: when producing backing pressure under drill bit behind shaft bottom, now motor tool-face angle is incorrect, need to carry out retry or revise rear continuation slip and creep into; S4, tool-face drift correction: in the time judging that tool-face angle is incorrect, first close slip drilling system, process the drift correction of tool-face angle in slip drilling process, returning after having revised slides creeps into.
Described in S1, rotary drilling and slip creep into that to hocket be that linear guiding is rotary drilling while creeping into; Turn round and creep into for sliding while creeping into.
Described tool face orientation is to adjust tool-face angle.
Described tool-face drift correction is for revising counterclockwise or revising clockwise.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use Controlled by Programmable Controller top to drive main shaft and rotate, by the method for accurate location drilling rod angular variation, efficiently solve tool face orientation, correction and control fast and accurately in oriented sliding drilling process; The method of driving main shaft drilling rod left rotation and right rotation by accurate control top, has effectively reduced because well frictional resistance increases the phenomenon that the oriented sliding Drilling bore bit causing does not add the pressure of the drill or creeps into backing pressure; Rate of penetration is crept in slip and drilling efficiency is significantly improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is oriented drilling device schematic diagram of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is directed drilling control principle schematic diagram of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is that schematic flow sheet is crept in directed drilling control of the present invention.
Wherein:
1, drilling rod 2, MTR
3, drill bit 21, MWD tool-face
22, motor shell bent angle 4, drilling rod torque sensor
5, drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor 6, standpipe pressure sensor
7, hook weigh sensing 8, ground
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is mainly used in oil drilling industry, is applicable to top drive drilling and adopts MTR to add the directed drilling operation of measurement while drilling mwd system bottom hole assemblies.Adopt MTR to carry out directed drilling, changing well direction will lean on a bent angle of MTR shell to realize, this bent angle conventionally between 0.5-3 °, bent angle towards being also known as tool-face angle, can make drill bit change direction by changing tool-face angle.Drilling monitor system contains a monitor, for real-time tracking and the monitoring of drilling parameter, by by 5 sensors, be drilling rod torque sensor, drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor, motor tool-face angle sensor, standpipe pressure sensor and hook weigh sensor, the real time data collecting is sent into top and is driven programmable logic controller, programme by industry control, static state is inputted to data and dynamic acquisition data are presented on monitor in real time; Programmable logic controller, by the data of sensor collection are calculated and analyzed, draws control parameter in conjunction with the method for directed drilling empirical model and reasoning from logic, controls top and drives the accurate spinning movement of main shaft, realizes presto tool face orientation, revises and controls; Reduce well frictional resistance, carry Bottom Hole Bit Weight In A, improving slides creeps into rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, oriented sliding of the present invention creeps into monitoring while drilling control device and comprises way-type drilling unit and supervising device, described way-type drilling unit comprises: drilling rod 1, MTR 2, drill bit 3, and described supervising device comprises data sampling sensor, programmable logic controller, drilling rod left rotation and right rotation controller and display; Described drilling rod 1 one end jointed rod left rotation and right rotation controller, the other end gos deep into drilling well and connects described MTR 2, and described MTR 2 connects drill bit 3; Described MTR 2 is provided with MWD tool-face 21 and motor shell bent angle 22; Described data sampling sensor comprises: drilling rod torque sensor 4, drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor 5, standpipe pressure sensor 6, hook weigh sensing 7 and motor tool-face angle sensor (not shown).
Described drilling rod torque sensor 4, drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor 5, standpipe pressure sensor 6, hook weigh sensing 7 are arranged on ground 8, and described motor tool-face angle sensor setting is in described MWD tool-face 21.
It shown in Fig. 2, is the basic control principle that oriented sliding creeps into monitoring while drilling control system, 5 sensors are sent into programmable logic controller by the real time data collecting together with the reference data of inputting by hand by manual interface, are jointly presented on the monitor centered by motor tool-face dial plate; The data of programmable logic controller combined sensor collection are calculated and are analyzed with the data of artificial input, draw control parameter by the empirical model of directed drilling and the method for reasoning from logic, control top and drive the accurate spinning movement of main shaft, realize presto tool face orientation and revise, reduce well frictional resistance, carry Bottom Hole Bit Weight In A, improving slides creeps into rate of penetration.
The monitor of slip drilling control system, content has contained required full detail and the data of control system, monitor is directed driller's eyes, allowed band, actual measurement tool-face angle and the current drilling rod angular variation of design tool face angle, tool-face angle in 360 ° of dial plates, are shown, by these data, directed driller can clearly know position and the deviation of current MTR tool-face angle, by several groups of switches in display, the operation process that system can the whole slip of automatic or manual control be crept into, completes the directional drilling of whole slip well section.
Fig. 3 is that schematic flow sheet is crept in directed drilling control of the present invention.Oriented sliding creeps into a control method for monitoring while drilling control device, and step is as follows: imported by rotary drilling, then creep into and hocket with slip; First be input reference data and collection control variables, then discharge the neutral moment of torsion of drilling tool torque setting; S2, slides and creeps into and carry out tool face orientation simultaneously: the drilling tool rotation of vacillating now to the left, now to the right is carried out to slide and crept into, and it is correct if now judge, drill bit touches while occurring that backing pressure and drill bit touch the end before the end tool-face, proceeds to anti-backing pressure slip and creeps into; S3, anti-backing pressure slides and creeps into: when producing backing pressure under drill bit behind shaft bottom, now motor tool-face angle is incorrect, need to carry out retry or revise rear continuation slip and creep into; In the time that the anti-backing pressure slip of needs is crept into, when rapid adjustment tool-face angle, judge whether adjust drill bit while transferring drilling tool after tool-face can descend shaft bottom or occur backing pressure, and whether correct to motor tool-face angle behind shaft bottom under drill bit, carry out retry or revise after continue to slide and creep into.S4, tool-face drift correction: in the time judging that tool-face angle is incorrect, first close slip drilling system, process the drift correction of tool-face angle in slip drilling process, returning after having revised slides creeps into.Judge when tool-face angle is incorrect, first close slip drilling system, process the drift correction of tool-face angle in slip drilling process, after having revised, returning slides creeps into.Control flow has comprised rotary drilling part, directional well conventionally adopts rotary drilling to creep into slip the mode hocketing and realizes directed drilling, this part control flow is leader, rotary drilling conventional method has mainly been described, rotary drilling is first carried out in directed drilling operation conventionally, then entering slides creeps into the stage, alternately completes full well and creeps into operation.
Enter slip drilling control flow process, first control flow between S and presto tool face orientation is crept in slip is input reference data and gathers control variables, as: In-put design tool-face, tool-face sector allowed band, slide into well depth, reaction torque additional angle, drilling tool weight, apply the pressure of the drill etc.; The control variables gathering comprises: hook weigh, drill bit are surveyed tool-face angle etc. from end moment of torsion, drill bit from angular variation, the MWD of bottom drilling rod; This part flow process is set zero coordinate that neutral moment of torsion is drilling rod angular variation after also comprising release drilling tool moment of torsion, taking zero coordinate as reference, monitor follow-up drilling rod winding direction and the number of turns, during using this as drill bit backing pressure drilling tool vacillate now to the left, now to the right rotation reference frame, transfer and reduce well frictional resistance by the left-right rotary of drilling tool, carry Bottom Hole Bit Weight In A.
Presto tool face is directed is mainly rapid adjustment tool-face angle with starting the control flow of anti-backing pressure slip between creeping into, simultaneously, judge whether adjust drill bit while transferring drilling tool after tool-face can descend shaft bottom or occur backing pressure, and whether correct to motor tool-face angle behind shaft bottom under drill bit.Occur that any incorrect result carries out corresponding flow process and carry out retry or correction.
Start anti-backing pressure and slide and creep into and close slip drilling system to carry out control flow between other operation be mainly to carry out anti-backing pressure to slide and creep into, comprising: judge whether backing pressure, judge slide motor tool-face while creeping into whether at the Sector Range of permission, whether need drift correction etc.; Judge drill bit backing pressure and wave after the rotating speed of rotation to system input drilling rod, system can automatic or manual opens that to wave rotary knob be that on, main shaft brake are off; Backing pressure program is crept in execution: with the left-handed number of turns of Wn=0, with the dextrorotation number of turns of 70%Wn, carry out and wave rotation with first left and then right order, attempt tens of seconds or longer according to fathoming, driller controls winch, observes the pressure of the drill and pressure differential deltap P; As DeGrain, increasing the dextrorotation number of turns is 75%Wn, 80%Wn Replacement is vacillated now to the left, now to the right and is automatically placed on, again attempts waving rotation, presses until subdrilling is touched in pressure differential deltap P > 0 or appearance.Main shaft brake is on automatically, and system is automatically closed and waved rotary knob is off.Behind drill bit contact shaft bottom, judge that whether tool-face angle is correct, the incorrect tool-face of readjusting, judging whether finishes to slide creeps into, whether continues rotary drilling etc.
Slip boring means face drift correction flow process is mainly to process the drift correction of tool-face angle in slip drilling process, and flow scheme design can be revised counterclockwise, also can revise clockwise, and after having revised, returning slides creeps into B flow process.
Embodiment: oriented sliding creeps into the control method of monitoring while drilling control device, first setting rotary drilling and slip creeps into and hockets, and well has certain hole deviation and displacement, opening slip drilling control system switching is on, system power-up, self-inspection, in suspending wait state, other switch is off.
Step 1, first: rotary drill column, drill bit circulated the end of from, stablized to creeping into flow velocity, kept rotary drilling revolution; Slowly transfer drill string, control winch and reach optimum weight on bit and best pressure reduction; With constant ground machine drilling speed control winch, keep optimum weight on bit and pressure reduction rotary drilling; End rotary drilling proceeds to slide and creeps into.
Secondly: stop transferring and rotate drilling tool, on put and let live moving drilling tool, discharge the moment of torsion being wound around in drilling tool, drill bit is remained on apart from shaft bottom to the degree of depth of 5 to 8 meters, drilling tool stops at neutral zero torque condition; Creep into well depth, reaction torque additional angle, drilling tool weight, apply the parameter such as the pressure of the drill, tool-face adjustment rotating speed to system In-put design tool-face, permission sector, slip; Drilling rod angular variation encoder is driven in top and be set as zero coordinate, in dial plate, black pin is zero degree; Circulating mud creeps into flow velocity to sliding, and gathers and shows circulation pump pressure P
off; Rotating speed with 5 to 15 revs/min of left and right at the uniform velocity rotates drilling tool, observes moment of torsion, and moment of torsion increases gradually, gathers previous moment drilling tool maximum from end torque T in the time that moment of torsion diminishes suddenly
off, stopping drilling tool rotation, main shaft brake locking is driven on top; Gather torque T of the maximum end of drilling tool
offtime drilling rod accumulative total angular variation Aao, drilling rod is wound around number of turns Wn=Aao/360, the drilling rod angular variation Ac in 360 ° of dial plates equals Wr fractional part and is multiplied by 360 °, and black pin in dial plate is placed in to Ac angle, stores and shows Aao, Wn, Ao and T
off, wait for WMD actual measurement tool-face Ft data, blue pin in screen dial plate is placed in to Ft angle.
Step 2, starts presto tool face orientation
A: observe actual measurement tool-face angle Tst (blue pin), the accurate angle of 3 parameters of drilling rod angular variation Ao (black pin) in 360 ° of dial plates driven on design tool face angle Tpa (yellow pin) and top, stores and shows, b: drilling rod angular variation Ao is driven on top, actual measurement tool-face angle Ft, design tool face angle Fo are all presented in 360 ° of dial plates, manual operations " tool face orientation " button is placed on, system starts to automatically perform tool face orientation, in the time that actual measurement tool-face angle is less than design tool face angle, while being TFt<TFd, dextrorotation (TFd-TFt)
n+ R
ta(0-30 °), when actual measurement tool-face is while being greater than design tool face angle, that is: when TFt>TFd, 360 ° of dextrorotation-(TFt-TFd)
n+ R
ta(0-30 °), behind tool-face rotation location, drilling rod brake locking is driven on top, c: driller controls winch and at the uniform velocity transfers, approach shaft bottom front reduction gear and transfer drill bit to shaft bottom, observe MWD tool-face feedback angle (blue pin), determine whether and occur backing pressure, if backing pressure, starts anti-backing pressure slip and creeps into, now also to judge that when drill bit touches the end, whether tool-face is correct, if incorrect, carry out tool-face adjustment, tool-face is adjusted complete, drill bit has arrived shaft bottom, it is off that system is closed " tool face orientation " button automatically, drilling rod brake locking is driven on top, continue to record and show the MWD tool-face data of nearest 6 times, mark in dial plate, outer ring be up-to-date tool-face.
Step 3, starts anti-backing pressure slip and creeps into
A: driller controls winch, monitors the pressure of the drill and pressure reduction △ P, keeps optimum weight on bit and pressure reduction to slide and creeps into, and continuous collecting, storage also show drilling rod accumulative total angular variation Aao, gather and show and creep into pump pressure Pon, (△ P=P
on-P
off), now judging whether finishes to slide creeps into, and creeps into if finish to slide, and continues rotary drilling, creeps into if do not finish to slide, and carries out drift correction, now closes slip drilling system.B: gather, store, show that current drilling rod accumulative total angular variation Aao (from encoder), drilling rod are wound around number of turns Wn=Aao/360.C: wave after rotary speed to turn/per minute of system input 20-30, opening manually or automatically and waving rotary knob is on, main shaft brake is off, backing pressure program is crept in execution, with the left-handed number of turns of Wn=0, with the dextrorotation number of turns of 70%Wn, carry out and wave rotation with first left and then right order, attempt tens of seconds or longer according to fathoming, driller controls winch, observe the pressure of the drill and pressure reduction △ P, if DeGrain, increasing the dextrorotation number of turns is 75%Wn, 80%Wn replacement is vacillated now to the left, now to the right and is automatically placed on, again attempt waving rotation, until touching subdrilling, pressure reduction △ P>0 or appearance press.It is on automatically that brake is driven on top, system is automatically closed and waved rotary knob is off, after now judging whether to wave rotation, whether tool-face angle is correct, incorrect continuation presto tool face orientation, correctly judging whether finishes to slide creeps into, enter anti-backing pressure slip if do not finish and creep into, finishing slides to creep into enters rotary drilling.
Step 4, in the time that the boring means face deviation of sliding need to be revised, monitor actual measurement tool-face (blue pin), the accurate angle of 3 parameters of drilling rod angular variation (black pin) in 360 ° of dial plates of screen driven on design tool face (yellow pin) and top, it is on that system is opened " tool-face correction " button automatically, now, surveys tool-face angle and be greater than design tool face angle in dial plate, that is: TFt>TFd, left-handed drilling rod (TFt-TFd)
n,tool-face drift correction is complete, if incorrect, the boring means face drift correction of again sliding, if correctly, system " tool-face correction " button cuts out automatically as off, enters the program of creeping into of sliding.
Claims (6)
1. an oriented sliding creeps into monitoring while drilling control device, this oriented sliding creeps into and is provided with way-type drilling unit, comprise: drilling rod (1), MTR (2), drill bit (3), is characterized in that: this monitor controller comprises data sampling sensor, programmable logic controller, drilling rod left rotation and right rotation controller and monitor; Described data sampling sensor comprises: drilling rod torque sensor (4), drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor (5), standpipe pressure sensor (6), hook weigh sensor (7) and motor tool-face angle sensor; Described programmable logic controller, by the data of sensor collection are calculated and analyzed, draws control parameter in conjunction with the method for directed drilling empirical model and reasoning from logic, controls top and drives the accurate spinning movement of main shaft; Described drilling rod (1) one end jointed rod left rotation and right rotation controller, the other end gos deep into drilling well and connects described MTR (2), and described MTR (2) connects drill bit (3); Described MTR (2) is provided with MWD tool-face (21) and motor shell bent angle (22).
2. oriented sliding according to claim 1 creeps into monitoring while drilling control device, it is characterized in that: described drilling rod torque sensor (4), drilling rod anglec of rotation offset sensor (5), standpipe pressure sensor (6), hook weigh sensing (7) arrange on the ground, described motor tool-face angle sensor setting is in described MWD tool-face (21).
3. oriented sliding according to claim 1 creeps into the control method of monitoring while drilling control device, and step is as follows:
S1, is imported by rotary drilling, then creeps into and hockets with slip;
S2, slides and creeps into and carry out tool face orientation simultaneously: the drilling tool rotation of vacillating now to the left, now to the right is carried out to slide and crept into, and it is correct if now judge, drill bit touches while occurring that backing pressure and drill bit touch the end before the end tool-face, proceeds to anti-backing pressure slip and creeps into;
S3, anti-backing pressure slides and creeps into: when producing backing pressure under drill bit behind shaft bottom, now motor tool-face angle is incorrect, need to carry out retry or revise rear continuation slip and creep into;
S4, tool-face drift correction: in the time judging that tool-face angle is incorrect, first close slip drilling system, process the drift correction of tool-face angle in slip drilling process, returning after having revised slides creeps into.
4. oriented sliding according to claim 3 creeps into the control method of monitoring while drilling control device, it is characterized in that: described in S1, rotary drilling and slip creep into that to hocket be that linear guiding is rotary drilling while creeping into; Turn round and creep into for sliding while creeping into.
5. oriented sliding according to claim 3 creeps into the control method of monitoring while drilling control device, it is characterized in that: described tool face orientation is to adjust tool-face angle.
6. oriented sliding according to claim 3 creeps into the control method of monitoring while drilling control device, it is characterized in that: described tool-face drift correction is for revising counterclockwise or revising clockwise.
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| CN108316911A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-07-24 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of automatic control system for drilling follow thin wall tubular pile machine |
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| CN111456705A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Directional drilling ground control system, method and device |
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Application publication date: 20141112 |