CN104141479B - The thermal process of a kind of carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir and application thereof - Google Patents
The thermal process of a kind of carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the thermal process of a kind of carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir.The method uses the technology that horizontal well and straight well combine, and the steam in steam injection technology is injected underground and changes into bringing heat into underground；Meanwhile, horizontal segment, inclination section lifting are changed the lifting of into straight well section；Horizontal segment one end is employed and changes two ends into and employ, the section of improving the standard development degree；In addition, also individual well steam injection is changed into double-U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection or how U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection, so so that the seepage area of fracturing reform significantly increases compared with the normal naked eye horizontal well of equal length horizontal segment, and then the fin effect heat-sinking capability of pit shaft increases, thus improve the utilization rate of steam.By the enforcement of technical solution of the present invention, while reducing production cost, recovery ratio can be improved 15%.Apply the inventive method to the horizontal well development technique of the carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir deep-well in petroleum development engineering field, be with a wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to exploitation technology of heavy reservoir field, relate to a kind of carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir thermal process and
Application in heavy crude reservoir thermal recovery.
Background technology
Viscous crude is also known as heavy crude or high viscosity oil, and in the oil exploitation in oil field, viscous crude has special high viscosity
With high-solidification point characteristic, the especially exploitation to carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir, the various aspects in development and application all run into one
A little technical barriers.
Such as, the problem of heat transmission.In oil thermal recovery development process, mainly to complete to be to bring heat into oil reservoir,
The sensitivity of the temperature according to viscous crude, improves the mobility of crude oil, reduce viscosity of crude, why carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir
Development effectiveness is poor, is primarily due to that steam injection rate is the most low in calories cannot bring stratum into, in the low meaning of oil well stream-injection amount more than 1400m
In steam time of staying on the way long, heat loss is big, and the mass dryness fraction that steam arrives shaft bottom is low, it is impossible to meet the need that thermal recovery produces
Want.
For another example, lifting problem.Current lifting equipment is primarily directed to straight well exploitation, exists below sucker rod at kickoff point (KOP)
Disconnected de-, valve ball is not closed completely, the technical problem such as plunger and valve eccentric wear, although for horizontal segment and the Technology of inclination section
Carry out many improvement, but main technical barrier has still existed.
Additionally, the problem that also long horizontal sections employs inequality.The production fluid contribution of horizontal well is main at horizontal segment in general
First half section or the high section of oozing, the entirety being detrimental to oil reservoir for a long time employs, and ultimate recovery reduces.
And, the exploitation of current hypotonic viscous crude relies primarily on horizontal well Technology, but due to hypotonic, steam injection quality is relatively
Difference, heat is difficult to arrive stratum, typically takes the technological measure such as pressure break, acidifying, owing to the characteristic on stratum itself determines same
In the case of the suction vapour area of sample, vapor absorption capacity is more weak, and the many wells of the many employings of site operation are with the way of note, or take subcritical
Or the way of super critical boiler, the most unresolved above-mentioned difficult problem, also resulting in use cost and rise, safety coefficient declines.
Therefore, the problem that presently, there are is to need to research and develop a kind of thermal process for carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir,
The method can solve to run into technical barrier in the recovery process of above-mentioned carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir, such as heat transmission, lifting
And long horizontal sections employs unequal problem, while reducing production cost, improve recovery ratio.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of carbonate rock viscous crude
The thermal process of oil reservoir.The method uses the technology that horizontal well and straight well combine, and the steam in steam injection technology is injected underground
Change into bringing heat into underground；Meanwhile, horizontal segment, inclination section lifting are changed the lifting of into straight well section；Horizontal segment one end is employed and changes
Employ for two ends, the section of improving the standard development degree；Additionally, also individual well steam injection to be changed into double-U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection or many U
Type connected well circulation steam injection, improves the utilization rate of steam.By the enforcement of technique scheme, reducing the same of production cost
Time, improve recovery ratio.
To this end, the invention provides the thermal process of a kind of carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir, comprising:
Step A, well spacing: make the horizontal segment of adjacent horizontal well be parallel to each other, and direction is identical or contrary, every saliva horizontal well
Horizontal segment end all cross with a bite straight well composition pass through vapor-liquid separation between U-shaped connected well, and adjacent U-shaped connected well
Device connection constitutes thermal recovery connection well group；
Step B, pressure break: use the mode to the horizontal segment subsection acidizing pressure break of horizontal well to expand the horizontal segment of horizontal well
Seepage area, carries out volume fracturing to adjacent horizontal well simultaneously, and gull is disturbed；
Step C, produces: the T1 section steam injection in U-shaped connected well carries out thermal recovery production.
According to the inventive method, it is also possible to before according to on-the-spot oil reservoir and condition of construction, the thermal recovery in step C produces first
Carry out cold adopting, such as, can first carry out the T1 section in U-shaped connected well cold adopting production, when described U-shaped connected well in step C
Cold when adopting yield less than predetermined yield, then T1 section steam injection carries out thermal recovery production in described U-shaped connected well.
Heretofore described " horizontal segment of adjacent horizontal well is parallel to each other ", refers to that the horizontal segment of each horizontal well is in space
On be parallel to each other, its final result is that the horizontal segment of each horizontal well in thermal recovery connection well group is the most parallel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to the produced pressure break hop count of staged fracturing transformation is most, can
Pressure break area is maximum, and the horizontal segment direction of each horizontal well is vertical with the direction of minimum principal stress.
In the present invention, in order to reduce steam injection pressure, increase steam injection rate, reduce long horizontal sections and employ a difficult problem for inequality, carry
Oil displacement efficiency between high well, reduces the eccentric wear problem of horizontal well lifting, the water in adjacent U-shaped connected well in thermal recovery UNICOM well group
Existence certain level spacing between the horizontal segment of horizontal well and vertical interval, and, level interval and vertical interval are according to oil
The structural feature of Tibetan, core intersection, permeability etc. determine.
Particularly, the existence certain level spacing between the horizontal segment of the horizontal well in adjacent U-shaped connected well can carry
Oil reservoir development degree between upper level well spacing, the recovery ratio between well spacing of improving the standard；Horizontal well in adjacent U-shaped connected well
Horizontal segment between the certain vertical interval of existence improve the oil reservoir development degree between two horizontal plane spacing, improve and hang down
The recovery ratio of straight spacing；There is level interval and vertical interval between the horizontal segment of the horizontal well in adjacent U-shaped connected well simultaneously
Oil reservoir entirety development degree and recovery ratio can be improved.
Water in an embodiment of the invention, in described step A, between the horizontal segment of adjacent two horizontal wells
Flat spacing is in the range of 200-400 rice.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, in described step A, between the horizontal segment of adjacent two horizontal wells
Vertical interval is in the range of 50-150 rice.
In another embodiment of the invention, in described step A, the casing programme of each U-shaped connected well is identical, each water
Horizontal well uses packer to add instlated tubular completion, and horizontal segment uses barefoot completion, and uses suitable to the crack of connection between horizontal well
The close measure of degree.It addition, the inventive method can use cluster well.
In the present invention, hole pattern uses stereoscopic horizontal well pattern, and in step, described thermal recovery UNICOM well group includes 2-10
Individual U-shaped connected well.The most described thermal recovery UNICOM well group includes 2-4 U-shaped connected well.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before step A, also include the selected step implementing block, its
Geological conditions including selected block；Requiring that oil reservoir controlling extent wants height, barefoot completion, horizontal section length is more than or equal to simultaneously
400m；It is also required that oil reservoir does not has big UNICOM crack, around have abundant water resources.The geological conditions preferably selecting block is: oil
Hiding depth-averaged 1420m, permeability is less than 100md, and reservoir has good oiliness, the average 2000mps(50 of viscosity of crude
DEG C), i.e. core intersection is more than 65m, Restraining barrier, and oil saturation is more than 60%, and reservoir-encountered rate is more than 90%, returning of stratum
Pressure reaches more than the rated pressure of ground injection boiler, and steam injection rate is less than predetermined minimum steam injection rate.
According to the present invention, in described step C, described thermal recovery produces and includes:
Step one, injects steam by the T1 section in the U-shaped connected well of the first order to the U-shaped connected well of the described first order；
Step 2, when the U-shaped connected well of the described first order is not up to predetermined gas injection rate, opens the U-shaped connected well of N level, when
When in the U-shaped connected well of N-1 level, the steam injection pressure of T1 section reaches predetermined pressure, by the T2 section in the described U-shaped connected well of N-1 level
Pressure control drives a well, and makes steam and oil-water mixture enter N-1 level oil water separator, and the isolated steam of institute injects and described the
The U-shaped connected well of N level that the U-shaped connected well of N-1 level is adjacent, the U-shaped connected well of N level starts heat tracing production simultaneously, and N is equal to 2 here,
3,4…；
Step 3, when the U-shaped connected well of the first order reaches predetermined gas injection rate, stops steam injection, prepares to produce.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step 3, when the U-shaped connected well of the first order reaches predetermined note
Tolerance, stops steam injection, starts stewing well, and opening well and making production after stewing well terminates.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in step 3, drive a well after stewing well terminates and take straight well
Or the technique of the vertical section lifting of horizontal well produces.
In the present invention, determine the stewing well time according to reservoir condition.In step 3, the time of described stewing well is 5-10 days.
The time of the most described stewing well is 5-7 days.
According to the present invention, described T1 section is vertical section or the straight well of the horizontal well in U-shaped connected well, and described T2 section is corresponding
For the straight well in same U-shaped connected well or the vertical section of horizontal well.
In an embodiment of the invention, any one U during the U-shaped connected well of the described first order is thermal recovery connection well group
Type connected well.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the described U-shaped connected well of N level is arranged on the U-shaped connected well of the first order
Side or two sides.The described U-shaped connected well of N level includes 1-2 U-shaped connected well.
According to the present invention, the described U-shaped connected well of N-1 level and the described U-shaped connected well of N+1 level respectively with described N level U
Type connected well is adjacent and is arranged on the both sides of the described U-shaped connected well of N level, and respectively by vapour liquid separator and the U-shaped company of N level
Drifting connects.
In an embodiment of the invention, the predetermined pressure of the U-shaped connected well of the described first order is the highest predetermined steam injection
Pressure.0.8 times of the predetermined pressure that predetermined pressure is the described U-shaped connected well of N-1 level of the described U-shaped connected well of N level.
In the present invention, described the highest predetermined steam injection pressure is less than the specified steam injection pressure of boiler, such as, when the specified steam injection of boiler
When pressure is 17MPa, the highest predetermined steam injection pressure is 16.5MPa, 16MPa or 15MPa etc..
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined steam injection amount of the U-shaped connected well of the described first order is 3000-
6000m3.The predetermined steam injection amount of the U-shaped connected well of the most described first order is 4000-6000m3。
Present invention also offers a kind of application according to the above thermal process in heavy crude reservoir thermal recovery.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, bore three mouthfuls of water horizontal wells in same trial zone, and at every saliva horizontal well
Horizontal segment end according to magnetic orientation technology bore three mouthfuls of straight wells, make the horizontal segment end of every saliva horizontal well all cross with a bite straight well
Constitute U-shaped connected well；The horizontal segment making each horizontal well is parallel to each other, and vertical with the direction of minimum principal stress；By adjacent U-shaped
Connected well constitutes thermal recovery connection well group by vapour liquid separator connection.
During above-mentioned thermal recovery connection well group is carried out thermal recovery, for example, it may be determined that be positioned at thermal recovery connection well group one
A bite U-shaped UNICOM well of end is the first order U-shaped UNICOM well, determines that well one side runner U-shaped UNICOM of the first order U-shaped UNICOM well is respectively
The second level and the third level U-shaped UNICOM well, that is U-shaped UNICOMs at different levels well is a bite U-shaped UNICOM well；When the first order U-shaped UNICOM well
During steam injection, the horizontal segment of steam straight well well head Injection Level well in the first order U-shaped UNICOM well, steam scatters and disappears at horizontal segment
Heat, adds hot formation, and along with the raising of pressure, the vertical section of the horizontal well of the first order U-shaped UNICOM well starts liquid, and (vapour-liquid mixes
Thing), gone out liquid enters gathering system, institute through the separation of ground first order vapour liquid separator, the isolated liquid of institute (profit)
Isolated steam injects the straight well of the U-shaped UNICOM in second level well group, and the U-shaped UNICOM in second level well starts heat tracing and produces, with pressure
Improving, start UNICOM U-shaped to second level well steam injection, the U-shaped UNICOM in second level well is slowly heated, along with the rising of pressure, second level U
The starting of the vertical section of the horizontal well of type UNICOM well liquid (liquid-vapor mixture), and gone out liquid is through the second level, ground vapour liquid separator
Separating, the isolated profit of institute enters gathering system, the straight well of the institute's isolated steam injection third level U-shaped UNICOM well.U at different levels
Type UNICOM well group is at a distance of relatively near, and the pressure reduction between U-shaped UNICOM well group forms vapour and drives effect, and the crack of horizontal segment therein produces heat
The fin effect of pipe, improves steam injection efficiency.
In the present invention, owing to seepage area increases, the fin effect heat-sinking capability of pit shaft increases, and the fin effect of pit shaft dissipates
Heat calculates according to formula I:
Q=M·F·(t1-t2) Ⅰ
Q: heat dissipation capacity；
The heat transfer coefficient of M: rock；
F: heat transfer area；
t1: the temperature of heat carrier；
t2: the temperature of heated body.
In the another embodiment of the present invention, carry out the process of thermal recovery above-mentioned thermal recovery is connected well group
In, for example, it may be determined that a bite U-shaped UNICOM well in the middle of thermal recovery connection well group is the first order U-shaped UNICOM well, the second level is U-shaped
Drifting lays respectively at the both sides of the first order U-shaped UNICOM well and includes Liang KouUXing UNICOM well；When the first order U-shaped UNICOM well group steam injection
Time, the horizontal segment of steam straight well well head Injection Level well in the first order U-shaped UNICOM well, steam is at horizontal segment dissipated heat
Amount, adds hot formation, and along with the raising of pressure, the horizontal segment of the horizontal well of a U Ji Xing UNICOM well starts liquid, and (vapour-liquid mixes
Thing), described liquid enters gathering system, institute through the separation of ground first order vapour liquid separator, the isolated liquid of institute (profit)
Isolated steam injects the straight well of the U-shaped UNICOM in second level well group, and the U-shaped UNICOM in second level well starts heat tracing and produces.At different levels U-shaped
Drifting group is at a distance of relatively near, and the pressure reduction between U-shaped UNICOM well group forms vapour and drives effect, and the crack of horizontal segment therein produces heat pipe
Fin effect, improves steam injection efficiency.
The technology combined according to the inventive method the method employing horizontal well and straight well, notes the steam in steam injection technology
Enter underground to change into bringing heat into underground；Meanwhile, horizontal segment, inclination section lifting are changed the lifting of into straight well section；By horizontal segment one end
Employ and change two ends into and employ, the section of improving the standard development degree；Additionally, also individual well steam injection to be changed into double-U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection
Or how U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection, so so that the seepage area of fracturing reform and equal length horizontal segment common
Open-hole horizontal well is compared and is significantly increased, and then the fin effect heat-sinking capability of pit shaft increases, thus improves the utilization rate of steam.Logical
Cross the enforcement of technical solution of the present invention, while reducing production cost, recovery ratio can be improved 15%.
It can be seen that the inventive method solves the problem of heat transmission in the presence of oil thermal recovery development process, act
The problem of liter and long horizontal sections employ unequal problem.Viscous crude, unconventional, shale gas exploitation is progressively transferred to, at present due to oil field
Horizontal well development can improve single well controlled reserves and economic benefit, and horizontal well construction technique is following oil development technical side
To, therefore, apply the inventive method to the horizontal well development of the carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir deep-well in petroleum development engineering field
Technique, is with a wide range of applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter based on embodiment reference accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further elaborated:
Fig. 1 is hole pattern and the arrangement and method for construction schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, the implication of reference is as follows: V1H1First U-shaped connected well；V2H2Second U-shaped connected well；V3H33rd is U-shaped
Connected well；V1First straight well；V2Second straight well；V33rd straight well；H1First horizontal well；H2Second horizontal well；H33rd horizontal well；
H1VThe vertical section of the first horizontal well；H2VThe vertical section of the second horizontal well；H3VThe vertical section of the 3rd horizontal well；H1HFirst horizontal well
Horizontal segment；H2HThe horizontal segment of the second horizontal well；H3HThe horizontal segment of the 3rd horizontal well；S1First UNICOM's well injects steam；S2The
Steam is injected in bigeminy drifting；S33rd UNICOM's well injects steam；F1First vapour liquid separator；F2Second vapour liquid separator；F33rd
Vapour liquid separator；L1First production fluid；L2Second production fluid；L33rd production fluid；O1First separates oil；O2Second separates oil；O3
3rd separates oil；M1Ground；M2The second flat fragment position of UNICOM's well water；M3The first, the 3rd flat fragment position of UNICOM's well water；M2——M3Water
Flat section vertical interval；M4Bottom oil reservoir；d1First fractured horizontal well fracture interval；d2Second fractured horizontal well fracture interval；d3The
Three fractured horizontal well fracture intervals；Spacing between adjacent two the horizontal well adjacent slits of d.
In the drawings, well and the stress of same type is indicated by identical reference.Accompanying drawing is not according to actual ratio
Draw.
Detailed description of the invention
Describing the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, these embodiments and accompanying drawing only play illustrative work
With, it is not limited to the range of application of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is hole pattern and the arrangement and method for construction schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.As it can be seen, this
The technical scheme of bright method comprises the following steps:
(1) well spacing: hole pattern uses stereoscopic horizontal well pattern, makes the horizontal segment of adjacent horizontal well be parallel to each other, and side
To identical or contrary, the horizontal segment direction of each horizontal well is vertical with the direction of minimum principal stress；The horizontal segment end of every saliva horizontal well
End all crosses with a bite straight well to constitute and consists of vapour liquid separator connection between U-shaped connected well, and adjacent U-shaped connected well
Thermal recovery connection well group.
In one embodiment of the invention, thermal recovery connection well group includes three grades of U-shaped connected wells, the U-shaped connected well of the first order
For a U-shaped connected well of thermal recovery connection well group one end, the i.e. first U-shaped connected well V1H1, at the first U-shaped connected well V1H1One
Side is disposed with the second level and the U-shaped connected well of the third level, and every grade of U-shaped connected well is all containing a U-shaped connected well, and i.e. second is U-shaped
Connected well V2H2With the 3rd U-shaped connected well V3H3；In this thermal recovery connection well group, adjacent two horizontal wells, the such as first horizontal well
H1With the second horizontal well H2Or the second horizontal well H2With the 3rd horizontal well H3Horizontal segment between level interval at 200～400 meters
In the range of.Adjacent two horizontal wells, the such as first horizontal well H1With the second horizontal well H2Or the second horizontal well H2With the 3rd level
Well H3Horizontal segment between vertical interval in the range of 50～150 meters.
In another embodiment of the invention, the casing programme of each U-shaped connected well is identical, and each horizontal well uses packer to add
Instlated tubular completion, horizontal segment uses bore hole, and the crack of connection between horizontal well is used the close measure of appropriateness.
(2) pressure break: the horizontal segment using the mode to the horizontal segment subsection acidizing pressure break of horizontal well to expand horizontal well oozes
Flow area, carries out volume fracturing to adjacent horizontal well simultaneously, and gull is disturbed.
(3) cold adopt: at the initial stage of production, in the case of production capacity is relatively big, by the first U-shaped connected well V1H1In straight well V1,
Two U-shaped connected well V2H2In straight well V2With the 3rd U-shaped connected well V3H3In straight well V3Carry out cold adopting, to reduce horizontal well production
Expense.
(4) when the straight well yield of the most each U-shaped connected well reduces, by the first U-shaped connected well V1H1In straight
Well V1To this first U-shaped connected well steam injection S1, monitor the first U-shaped connected well V1H1Steam injection amount and steam injection pressure.
(5) at the first U-shaped connected well V1H1Not up to predetermined gas injection rate 6000m3, open the second U-shaped connected well V2H2, first
U-shaped connected well V1H1In straight well V1Steam injection pressure when reaching predetermined pressure 16MPa, by the first U-shaped connected well V1H1In
Horizontal well H1Vertical section H1VPressure control drives a well, and makes the first production fluid L1(steam and oil-water mixture) enters the first oil-water separation
Device F1, isolated steam S2Inject and the first U-shaped connected well V1H1The second adjacent U-shaped connected well V2H2, meanwhile, the 2nd U
Type connected well V2H2Starting heat tracing to produce, profit enters gathering system, monitors the second U-shaped connected well V2H2Steam injection amount and steam injection
Pressure；
(6) at the first U-shaped connected well V1H1Not up to predetermined gas injection rate 6000m3, open the 3rd U-shaped connected well V3H3, second
U-shaped connected well V2H2Middle straight well V2Steam injection pressure when reaching predetermined pressure 12.8MPa, by the second U-shaped connected well V2H2In
Horizontal well H2Vertical section H2VPressure control drives a well, and makes the second production fluid L2(steam and oil-water mixture) enters the second oil-water separation
Device F2, isolated steam S3Inject and the second U-shaped connected well V2H2The 3rd adjacent U-shaped connected well V3H3, meanwhile, the 3rd U
Type connected well V3H3Starting heat tracing to produce, profit enters gathering system, monitors the 3rd U-shaped connected well V3H3Steam injection amount and steam injection
Pressure.
(7) as the first U-shaped connected well V1H1Reach predetermined gas injection rate 6000m3, stop steam injection, start stewing well, and at stewing well
The technique taking straight well to lift that drives a well after 5-7 days produces.
In an example of the present invention, in step (7) a metallic, at the first U-shaped connected well V1H1It is not reaching to predetermined steam injection amount
6000m3Time, open the 4th U-shaped connected well V4H4(not shown), and to the 4th U-shaped connected well V3H3Repeat the operation of step (6),
That is, at the 3rd U-shaped connected well V3H3In straight well V3Steam injection pressure when reaching predetermined pressure 10.24MPa, by the 3rd U-shaped company
Drifting V3H3In horizontal well H2Vertical section H2VPressure control drives a well, and makes the 3rd production fluid L3(steam and oil-water mixture) enters
3rd oil water separator F3, isolated steam S4Inject the 4th the U-shaped connected well V being adjacent4H4(not shown), with
Time, the 4th U-shaped connected well V4H4(not shown) starts heat tracing and produces, and profit enters gathering system, monitors the 4th U-shaped connection
Well V4H4Steam injection amount and steam injection pressure.
Three mouthfuls of water horizontal well H in thermal recovery connection well group1、H2And H3Fracturing fracture be respectively d1、d2And d3, when first is U-shaped
Connected well V1H1During steam injection, steam S1Through the first U-shaped connected well V1H1In straight well V1Well head Injection Level well H1Horizontal segment,
Steam, at horizontal segment dissipated heat, adds hot formation, along with the raising of pressure, and the first U-shaped connected well V1H1Horizontal well H1Vertical
Section H1VStart the first production fluid L1, through ground the first vapour liquid separator F1Separation, institute isolated first separate oil O1(oil
Aqueous mixtures) enter gathering system, isolated steam S2Inject the second U-shaped connected well V2H2Straight well V2, the second U-shaped company
Drifting V2H2Start heat tracing to produce, with the raising of pressure, start the second U-shaped connected well V2H2Steam injection, the second U-shaped connected well V2H2
It is slowly heated, along with the rising of pressure, the second U-shaped connected well V2H2Horizontal well H2Vertical section H2VStart the second production fluid
L2, the second production fluid L2Through ground the second vapour liquid separator F2Separating, institute isolated second separates oil O2(oil water mixture) enters
Enter gathering system, isolated steam S3Inject the 3rd U-shaped connected well V3H3Straight well V3.Second and the 3rd U-shaped connected well phase
Away from relatively near, the pressure reduction between U-shaped connected well forms vapour and drives effect, and the crack of horizontal segment therein produces the fin effect of heat pipe,
Improve steam injection efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: selected enforcement block
(1) geological conditions of selected block: oil reservoir depth-averaged 1420m, permeability is less than 100md, and reservoir has well
Oiliness, average 2000mps(50 DEG C of viscosity of crude), i.e. core intersection be more than 65m, Restraining barrier, oil saturation is big
In 60%, reservoir-encountered rate is more than 90%, and the back pressure on stratum reaches more than the rated pressure of ground injection boiler, and steam injection rate is less than
Predetermined minimum steam injection rate.
(2) oil reservoir controlling extent is high, barefoot completion, and horizontal section length is more than or equal to 400m.
(3) oil reservoir does not has big UNICOM crack, around has abundant water resources.
Step 2: well spacing
Bore three mouthfuls of water horizontal wells in same trial zone, the horizontal segment end at every saliva horizontal well bores three mouthfuls according to magnetic orientation technology
Straight well, makes the horizontal segment end of every saliva horizontal well all cross with a bite straight well and constitutes U-shaped connected well；In three mouthfuls of U-shaped wells, two mouthfuls
U-shaped well is on oil reservoir top, and the U-shaped well of a bite is in oil reservoir bottom, and the horizontal segment of three mouthfuls of U-shaped wells is parallel, with the direction of minimum principal stress
Vertically, level interval 200m, vertical interval 50m.
Step 3: pressure break
Three mouthfuls of water horizontal wells carry out staged fracturing simultaneously, and every mouthful of fractured horizontal well point interval 100m, while two fractured wells
Fracture interval 50m between pressure break point, ground monitoring fracture strike in fracturing process, determine employing one-level according to testing result
Adding sand or the multistage sand that adds, horizontal well concurrent fracturing is constructed, and utilizes interfering of crustal stress to form chicken-wire cracking on stratum.
Fracturing parameter is:
(1) single-stage adds sand: haydite 20m3；
(2) single-stage construction fluid volume: 300m3；
(3) fracture half-length: 90-140m.
Step 4: cold adopt
Carrying out the straight well in U-shaped connected well cold adopting production, the cold cycle of adopting is 90 days.
Step 5: thermal recovery
Cold adopt one period, when yield is less than predetermined yield 5m3During/d, proceed to thermal recovery.
The seepage area of three sections of pressure breaks of 400m length increases compared with the normal naked eye horizontal well of equal length horizontal segment
2625m2。
Owing to seepage area increases, the fin effect heat-sinking capability of pit shaft increases, the fin effect heat dissipation capacity of pit shaft according to
Formula I calculates.
The single stove high pressure injection steam boiler to individual well of employing, steam injection rate 23t/h, steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%, steam injection pressure 16Mpa,
Predetermined steam injection amount is 6000m3, 15 days steam injection cycles, stewing well 7 days.
The first order U-shaped connected well steam injection pressure controls at 16Mpa, uses electrically operated valve regulation, separator separation liquid and note
The water system heat exchange of boiler furnace, improves the inlet water temperature of boiler, with energy-saving and cost-reducing.
Step 6: recover the oil and produce, uses straight well Lifting Technique, reduces roofbolt disconnected de-, improves pump efficiency more than 10%, and first is U-shaped
UNICOM's well and first single well facies in comparative example 1 than volume increase 100%, specific experiment parameter and the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1:
Step 1 in comparative example 1, step 3, step 6 are the most same as in Example 1, except that:
Step 2: well spacing
Bore three mouthfuls of water horizontal wells in same trial zone, the horizontal segment direction of each horizontal well is vertical with the direction of minimum principal stress,
Level interval 200m, vertical interval 50m.
Step 4: cold adopt
Carrying out the vertical section in horizontal well cold adopting production, the cold cycle of adopting is 21 days.
Step 5: thermal recovery
Cold adopt one period, when yield is less than predetermined yield 5m3During/d, proceed to thermal recovery.
The single stove high pressure injection steam boiler to individual well of employing, steam injection rate 9t/h, steam injection mass dryness fraction 75%, steam injection pressure 16Mpa,
Predetermined steam injection amount is 4000m3, 25 days steam injection cycles, stewing well 7 days, specific experiment parameter and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1 and the test parameters of comparative example 1 and result
*In embodiment 1, cycle volume increase data are the first U-shaped connected well data, and the data of the drifting group that is associated are not in statistics
Within the scope of.
**In comparative example 1, cycle volume increase data are the first U-shaped connected well data.
By above-described embodiment and comparative example it can be seen that use horizontal well and straight well phase according to the inventive method the method
In conjunction with technology, horizontal segment one end is employed and changes two ends into and employ, the section of improving the standard development degree；Additionally, also by individual well steam injection
Change double-U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection or how U-shaped connected well circulation steam injection into, so so that the seepage area of fracturing reform
Significantly increase compared with the normal naked eye horizontal well of equal length horizontal segment, and then the fin effect heat-sinking capability of pit shaft increase,
Thus improve the utilization rate of steam.By the enforcement of technical solution of the present invention, individual well can be made while reducing production cost
Volume increase 100%, makes recovery ratio improve 15%.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a thermal process for carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir, comprising:
Step A, well spacing: make the horizontal segment of adjacent horizontal well be parallel to each other, and direction is identical or contrary, the water of every saliva horizontal well
Flat section end is all crossed with a bite straight well to constitute and is connected by vapour liquid separator between U-shaped connected well, and adjacent U-shaped connected well
Logical composition thermal recovery connection well group；
Step B, pressure break: use the mode to the horizontal segment subsection acidizing pressure break of horizontal well to expand the horizontal segment seepage flow of horizontal well
Area, carries out volume fracturing to adjacent horizontal well simultaneously, and gull is disturbed；
Step C, produces: the T1 section steam injection in U-shaped connected well carries out thermal recovery production；
In described step C, described thermal recovery produces and includes:
Step one, injects steam by the T1 section in the U-shaped connected well of the first order to the U-shaped connected well of the described first order；
Step 2, when the U-shaped connected well of the described first order is not up to predetermined gas injection rate, opens the U-shaped connected well of N level, when N-1 level
When in U-shaped connected well, the steam injection pressure of T1 section reaches predetermined pressure, by the T2 section pressure control in the described U-shaped connected well of N-1 level
Driving a well, and make steam and oil-water mixture enter N-1 level oil water separator, the isolated steam of institute injects and described N-1
The U-shaped connected well of N level that the U-shaped connected well of level is adjacent, the U-shaped connected well of N level starts heat tracing production simultaneously, and N is equal to 2,3 here,
4…；
Step 3, when the U-shaped connected well of the first order reaches predetermined gas injection rate, stops steam injection, prepares to produce；
Described T1 section is vertical section or the straight well of the horizontal well in U-shaped connected well, and described T2 section is same U-shaped connected well accordingly
In straight well or the vertical section of horizontal well.
Thermal process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, first to the T1 section in U-shaped connected well
Carry out cold adopting production, when described U-shaped connected well cold adopts yield less than predetermined yield, then T1 section in described U-shaped connected well
Steam injection carries out thermal recovery production.
Thermal process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step A, the water of adjacent two horizontal wells
Level interval between flat section is in the range of 200-400 rice.
Thermal process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step A, the water of adjacent two horizontal wells
Vertical interval between flat section is in the range of 50-150 rice.
Thermal process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the U-shaped connected well of the described first order is thermal recovery connected well
Any one U-shaped connected well in group.
6. according to the thermal process described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the described U-shaped connected well of N level sets
Put in the side of the U-shaped connected well of the first order or two sides；
The described U-shaped connected well of N level includes 1-2 U-shaped connected well.
7. according to the thermal process described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the described U-shaped connected well of N-1 level
Adjacent with the described U-shaped connected well of N level respectively with the described U-shaped connected well of N+1 level and be arranged on the described U-shaped connected well of N level
Both sides, and respectively by the connection of vapour liquid separator and N level U-shaped connected well.
8. according to the application in heavy crude reservoir thermal recovery of the thermal process described in any one in the claims 1-7.
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| CN105041282B (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2018-07-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Hypotonic horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir staged fracturing cyclic steam stimulation method in one kind |
| CN112177580B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-08-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fire flooding oil extraction method |
| CN111520118B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-09-13 | 西南石油大学 | Recyclable heavy oil recovery method and system for heating injected solvent underground |
| CN112160738B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-12-28 | 西安交通大学 | Well arrangement structure for underground in-situ pyrolysis of coal and construction method thereof |
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| CN1875168A (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2006-12-06 | 艾克森美孚上游研究公司 | Hydrocarbon recovery from impermeable oil shales |
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| CN102418476A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-04-18 | 国鼎(大连)投资有限公司 | Deep coal and coal bed gas combined mining method |
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| US8616280B2 (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2013-12-31 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Wellbore mechanical integrity for in situ pyrolysis |
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| CN1875168A (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2006-12-06 | 艾克森美孚上游研究公司 | Hydrocarbon recovery from impermeable oil shales |
| CN101680284A (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2010-03-24 | 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 | Be used for the downhole burner wells that converted in-situ is rich in the organic matter rock stratum |
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