CN104138923B - A kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method - Google Patents
A kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method, belongs to bimetallic stratiform composite wire preparing technical field.It is characterized in that, the pre-compound of passes of drawing that metal pipe billet jacket dissimilar metal bar, room temperature placed an order, Fast Heating, the metallurgical compound of temperature control drawing combine with room temperature finish draw, prepare high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire.Advantage of the present invention is, the compound interface bond strength of bimetallic stratiform composite wire is high, diffusion layer is thin, plied timber circumferentially and genesis analysis evenly, cladding ratio is easy to accurate control, without the need to drawing intermediate annealing, product specification flexibly, the combination of raw materials free degree is large, product quality and performances are excellent and be easy to prepare the advantages such as below diameter 1mm fine bimetallic stratiform composite wire, be particularly suitable for compound interface and easily generate the bimetallic stratiform composite wire of intermetallic compound and the preparation of unmanageable bimetallic stratiform composite wire.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bimetallic stratiform composite wire preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method.
Technical background
Bimetallic stratiform composite wire is by two constituent element metal materials by special preparation processing method, at parent metal wire surface compound one deck plied timber material.Compared with single constituent element metal wire rod, bimetallic stratiform composite wire through appropriate design combined shaping combines two constituent element metal materials advantage separately, not only noble metal dosage can be saved, and physics, chemistry, mechanics that single constituent element metal material do not have can be obtained and the performance [Huang Baiyun such as can to weld, Li Chenggong, Shi Likai, Qiu Guanzhou, Zuo Tieyong. the grand ceremony of Chinese material engineering (the 5th volume nonferrous materials engineering (under)) [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2006].In recent years, along with the high speed development of science and technology, the development of bimetallic stratiform composite wire, production and application more and more come into one's own, and become one of new metal material of the high-performance competitively developed various countries.Up to now, bimetallic stratiform composite wire is widely applied in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, machinery, automobile, steamer, building, nuclear energy, electric power, electronics and daily lifes [Tu Hailing edits. non-ferrous metal progress (the 7th volume) [M]. and Changsha: publishing house of Zhongnan Polytechnic Univ, [1995].
The conventional production methods of bimetallic stratiform composite wire mainly comprises Rolling compund, extrusion cladding, casting compound, hot-dip and plating etc., play positive role all to a certain extent, the preparation of some bimetallic stratiform composite wires has been applied.But, these traditional bimetallic stratiform composite wire manufacturing process still also exist respective shortcoming and defect, and such as equipment investment is large, compound interface is second-rate, cladding ratio is difficult to accurate control, the quality and performance of composite wire unstable and be difficult to the problems such as the satisfied instructions for use improved constantly.
Sleeve drawing method prepares the another kind of conventional method of bimetallic stratiform composite wire, by utilizing the dissimilar metal rod base of metal pipe billet jacket corresponding size, make jacket composite blank, the bimetallic stratiform composite wire that interface is mechanical bond is obtained through room temperature drawing, and then, after carrying out long period diffusion annealing process, plied timber circumferentially and longitudinally equally distributed bimetallic stratiform composite wire is obtained.But traditional sleeve hubbing also also exists that the diffusion annealing time is long, energy resource consumption large, the bond quality of compound interface is difficult to control, interface diffusion layer is thicker, interface easily generates intermetallic compound; Owing to being room temperature drawing, large, the plastic deformation difficult coordination of preliminary work hardening rate difference between two kinds of metals, two kinds of metals are difficult to deform in same pace, drawing is easily broken, lumber recovery is low, it is large that cladding ratio accurately controls difficulty, the quality and performance of product is difficult to meet instructions for use, and is unfavorable for preparing the problems such as below diameter 1mm fine bimetallic stratiform composite wire.
Therefore, urgently develop a kind of cladding ratio that obtains accurately to control and the high efficiency of the high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire of interface quality excellence, energy-saving and cost-reducing, Low-cost production method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts inner surface treated metal (hereinafter referred to as " plied timber ") pipe jacket surface treated dissimilar metal (hereinafter referred to as " core metal ") bar, carry out the pre-compound of single pass drawing (hereinafter referred to as " sleeve pipe compound is cold drawn in advance ") at ambient temperature, obtain pre-bimetal composite lamellar composite line base (hereinafter referred to as " pre-recombination line base "), then pre-recombination line base is heated, the temperature of pre-recombination line base is made to reach temperature (hereinafter referred to as " drawing temperature ") needed for follow-up drawing, then pre-recombination line base is made to pass through heat insulation mould, carry out the single pass under uniform temperature or multi pass drawing (hereinafter referred to as " temperature control drawing "), single pass or the drawing of multi-pass room temperature can be carried out between temperature control drawing passes, then room temperature finish draw is carried out, subsequent heat treatment can be carried out as required, prepare high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire.At room temperature to the inner surface of plied timber pipe with the process such as the surface of core metal bar is cleaned, polishing, and adopt plied timber pipe jacket core metal bar; Then, carry out the room temperature single pass drawing of certain deformation extent, the interface to be composite of plied timber and core metal is made to realize fitting tightly, obtain pre-recombination line base, heating-up temperature required before being conducive to greatly reducing follow-up temperature control drawing, shortening heat time, the air between eliminating interface is to prevent compound interface to be oxidized; Then online or off-line Fast Heating are carried out to pre-recombination line base, pre-recombination line base is made to be rapidly heated to the drawing temperature needed for follow-up temperature control drawing, while guaranteeing that in heating process, pre-recombination line base occurs to soften, only there is Elements Diffusion and obtain the diffusion layer of desired thickness and do not generate intermetallic compound in its compound interface; Finally by pre-recombination line base through to be heated and temperature remains on the mould of drawing temperature, ensure that the pre-recombination line base temperature when entering mould being heated to drawing temperature can not decline suddenly, carry out single pass or the drawing of multi-pass aximal deformation value temperature control smoothly simultaneously, guarantee further deformation bonding, promote that the atom generation diffusion of compound interface place metallic element realizes effective metallurgical binding; Between temperature control drawing passes, increase room temperature drawing passes is the accuracy controlling in order to carry out cladding ratio in good time; Room temperature finish draw is conducive to obtaining excellent surface quality and required size and performance, prepares high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire; Subsequent heat treatment is the serviceability requirement in order to meet bimetallic stratiform composite wire.On this basis, cold drawn in advance by solving sleeve pipe compound, temperature control drawing, when the compatibility of deformation between room temperature finish draw and temperature control drawing, the temperature of pre-recombination line base and mould controls, the problems such as the Proper Match of overall process technological parameter and the accurate control of cladding ratio, exploitation is a kind of by metal pipe billet jacket dissimilar metal bar, room temperature places an order the pre-compound of passes of drawing, Fast Heating, the drawing forming method of the bimetallic stratiform composite wire that the metallurgical compound of single pass or the drawing of multi-pass temperature control and single pass or multi-pass room temperature finish draw combine, changes traditional Rolling compund, extrusion cladding, casting compound, hot-dip, the equipment investment that the bimetallic stratiform composite wire preparation methods such as plating and sleeve drawing exist is large, large plastometric set difficulty is coordinated between bimetallic, compound interface is second-rate, cladding ratio is difficult to accurate control, the quality and performance of composite wire is unstable, be difficult to meet the instructions for use that improves constantly, and difficult processing cannot be used for or interface easily generates the deficiencies such as the compound of intermetallic compound metal, realize high efficiency, energy-saving and cost-reducing, the objects such as low-cost production high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire.
A kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method, comprises the steps:
(1) blank surface process: grinding process is carried out on the inner surface of the plied timber pipe at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of core metal bar;
(2) jacket compound: at room temperature adopt plied timber pipe jacket core metal bar, obtain jacket composite blank;
(3) room temperature is cold drawn in advance: carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, and it is cold drawn in advance to carry out room temperature single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, and realize pre-compound, drawing deformation rate is 5% ~ 30%, obtains pre-recombination line base;
(4) pre-recombination line base pointing: pointing, polishing are carried out to pre-recombination line base;
(5) Fast Heating: the pre-recombination line base after pointing is put into the off-line resistance furnace that in-furnace temperature reached drawing temperature and heat and be incubated 3 ~ 5min, or adopt off-line or online current flow heats device or induction heating apparatus, in 2 ~ 10s, the pre-recombination line base after pointing is heated to drawing temperature, mould also heated simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature;
(6) temperature control drawing: and then passed by the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out single pass or the drawing of multi-pass temperature control, drawing passes deformation rate is 4% ~ 60%, recombination line base in the middle of obtaining;
(7) room temperature finish draw: continue the middle recombination line base after to temperature control drawing and carry out single pass or multi-pass room temperature finish draw, drawing passes deformation rate is 2% ~ 40%, prepares high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire.
Described metal can be simple metal, alloy or metallic composite, is annealed state or as cast condition.
Described plied timber and described core metal are dissimilar metal.
The diameter of described core metal bar is 0.5 ~ 0.99 times of described plied timber pipe internal diameter.
Described drawing temperature is 0.2 ~ 0.9 times of the fusing point (unit is K) of the minimum metal of fusing point in described plied timber and described core metal.
Between the part passage of described temperature control drawing, according to the needs of cladding ratio regulation and control, can increase the room temperature drawing of single pass or multi-pass, room temperature drawing passes deformation rate is 4% ~ 40%.
Can carry out subsequent heat treatment to described bimetallic stratiform composite wire as required, heat treatment temperature is 0.2 ~ 0.9 times of the fusing point (unit is K) of the minimum metal of fusing point in described plied timber and described core metal, and heat treatment time is 1 ~ 10min.
Compared with existing bimetallic stratiform composite wire preparation method, the present invention is by metal pipe billet jacket dissimilar metal bar, room temperature places an order the pre-compound of passes of drawing, Fast Heating, single pass or the metallurgical compound of multi-pass temperature control drawing combine with single pass or multi-pass room temperature finish draw, realize the coordination large plastometric set of plied timber and core metal, prepare high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire, have compound interface bond strength high, diffusion layer is thin, plied timber circumferentially and genesis analysis even, interface not easily generates intermetallic compound, cladding ratio is easy to accurate control, without the need to drawing intermediate annealing, preparation section is simple, economize energy, without potential safety hazard, product size precision is high, specification is flexible, the combination of raw materials free degree is large, compatibility of deformation is good, amount of plastic deformation is large, lumber recovery is high, equipment needed thereby is few, invest low, production cost is not high, product quality and performances are excellent and be easy to prepare the advantages such as below diameter 1mm fine bimetallic stratiform composite wire, are particularly suitable for compound interface and easily generate the bimetallic stratiform composite wire of intermetallic compound and the preparation of unmanageable bimetallic stratiform composite wire.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is bimetallic stratiform composite wire preparation technology flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; what be necessary to herein means out is that the present embodiment is only used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the those of skill in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above.
embodiment 1:the copper-clad copper-nickel alloy lamellar composite wire rod preparation of diameter of phi 4.0mm, cladding ratio 35%
Grinder buffing process is carried out on the inner surface of annealed state cladding T2 fine copper pipe (size Φ 8 × 1mm) at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of annealed state core CuNi44Mn1 copper-nickel alloy bar (diameter of phi 6mm); At room temperature adopt cladding T2 fine copper pipe jacket core CuNi44Mn1 copper-nickel alloy bar, obtain jacket composite blank; Carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, carry out the pre-compound of the pre-cold drawn realization of single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, drawing deformation rate is 12%, obtains pre-recombination line base; Pointing is carried out to pre-recombination line base; Then pre-recombination line base being put into in-furnace temperature is that the off-line resistance furnace of 400 DEG C heats and is incubated 5min, makes its temperature reach drawing temperature 400 DEG C fast, also heats simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature 400 DEG C to mould; And then passed by the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out 4 passage temperature control drawings, drawing passes deformation rate is 16% ~ 26.5%; Carry out 1 passage room temperature finish draw on this basis, drawing deformation rate is 17.3%; Accurately to control be 35%, the high-quality copper-clad copper-nickel alloy lamellar composite wire rod of interface quality excellence to prepare diameter of phi 4.0mm, cladding ratio.
embodiment 2:the copper-clad copper-nickel alloy lamellar composite wire rod preparation of diameter of phi 0.3mm, cladding ratio 29%
Grinder buffing process is carried out on the inner surface of annealed state cladding T2 fine copper pipe (size Φ 8 × 1mm) at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of annealed state core CuNi44Mn1 copper-nickel alloy bar (diameter of phi 6mm); At room temperature adopt cladding T2 fine copper pipe jacket core CuNi44Mn1 copper-nickel alloy bar, obtain jacket composite blank; Carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, carry out the pre-compound of the pre-cold drawn realization of single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, drawing deformation rate is 12%, obtains pre-recombination line base; Pointing is carried out to pre-recombination line base; Then pre-recombination line base being put into in-furnace temperature is that the off-line resistance furnace of 300 DEG C heats and is incubated 3min, makes its temperature reach drawing temperature 300 DEG C fast, also heats simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature 300 DEG C to mould; And then passed by the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out 5 passage temperature control drawings, drawing passes deformation rate is 16% ~ 27%; Carry out 24 passage room temperature finish draws on this basis, drawing passes deformation rate is 2% ~ 18%; Accurately to control be 29%, the high-quality copper-clad copper-nickel alloy lamellar composite wire rod of interface quality excellence to prepare diameter of phi 0.3mm, cladding ratio; The follow-up heat treatment carrying out 850 DEG C × 3min.
embodiment 3:the copper-clad copper-nickel alloy lamellar composite wire rod preparation of diameter of phi 0.05mm, cladding ratio 30%
High Rotation Speed steel brush grinding process is carried out on the inner surface of annealed state cladding T2 fine copper pipe (size Φ 8 × 1mm) at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of annealed state core CuNi44Mn1 copper-nickel alloy bar (diameter of phi 6mm); At room temperature adopt cladding T2 fine copper pipe jacket core CuNi44Mn1 copper-nickel alloy bar, obtain jacket composite blank; Carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, carry out the pre-compound of the pre-cold drawn realization of single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, drawing deformation rate is 12%, obtains pre-recombination line base; Pointing is carried out to pre-recombination line base; Then adopt online induction heating apparatus in 5s, quickly heat up to drawing temperature 600 DEG C pre-recombination line base, mould also heated simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature 600 DEG C; And then the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating is passed and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out 12 passage temperature control drawings, temperature control drawing passes deformation rate is 4% ~ 33%, simultaneously in the first passage and the second passage, the 8th passage and the 9th passage, the room temperature drawing having carried out 2 passages between the tenth passage and the temperature control drawing of the tenth a time respectively, room temperature drawing passes deformation rate is 4% and 19%; Carry out 23 passage room temperature finish draws on this basis, drawing passes deformation rate is 11% ~ 36%; Accurately to control be 30%, the high-quality copper-clad copper-nickel alloy lamellar composite wire rod of interface quality excellence to prepare diameter of phi 0.05mm, cladding ratio.
embodiment 4:the copper cover aluminum lamellar composite wire rod preparation of diameter of phi 2.7mm, cladding ratio 28%
Steel brush grinding process is carried out on the inner surface of annealed state cladding T2 fine copper pipe (size Φ 6 × 0.5mm) at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of annealed state core 1050 fine aluminium bar (diameter of phi 5mm); At room temperature adopt cladding T2 fine copper pipe jacket core 1050 fine aluminium bar, obtain jacket composite blank; Carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, carry out the pre-compound of the pre-cold drawn realization of single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, drawing deformation rate is 16%, obtains pre-recombination line base; Pointing is carried out to pre-recombination line base; Then pre-recombination line base being put into in-furnace temperature is that the off-line resistance furnace of 350 DEG C heats and is incubated 5min, makes it reach drawing temperature 350 DEG C fast, also heats simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature 350 DEG C to mould; And then passed by the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out 3 passage temperature control drawings, drawing passes deformation rate is 23% ~ 25%; Carry out 3 passage room temperature finish draws on this basis, drawing passes deformation rate is 9.5% ~ 30.2%; Accurately to control be 28%, the coated aluminium laminated composite wire of high-quality copper of interface quality excellence to prepare diameter of phi 2.7mm, cladding ratio.
embodiment 5:the copper-clad 304 stainless steel stratiform composite wire preparation of diameter of phi 1.0mm, cladding ratio 25%
Steel brush grinding process is carried out on the inner surface of annealed state cladding T2 fine copper pipe (size Φ 8 × 1mm) at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of annealed state core 304 stainless steel bars (diameter of phi 6mm); At room temperature adopt cladding T2 fine copper pipe jacket core 304 stainless steel bars, obtain jacket composite blank; Carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, carry out the pre-compound of the pre-cold drawn realization of single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, drawing deformation rate is 12%, obtains pre-recombination line base; Pointing is carried out to pre-recombination line base; Then pre-recombination line base being put into in-furnace temperature is that the off-line resistance furnace of 800 DEG C heats and is incubated 5min, makes it reach drawing temperature 800 DEG C fast, also heats simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature 800 DEG C to mould; And then the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating is passed and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out 9 passage temperature control drawings, drawing passes deformation rate is 17.3% ~ 30.6%, between the 6th passage and the temperature control drawing of the 7th passage, carried out the room temperature drawing of 3 passages, room temperature drawing passes deformation rate is 12.4% ~ 25.7% simultaneously; Carry out 6 passage room temperature finish draws on this basis, drawing passes deformation rate is 12.1% ~ 17.4%; Accurately to control be 25%, the high-quality copper-clad 304 stainless steel stratiform composite wire of interface quality excellence to prepare diameter of phi 1.0mm, cladding ratio.
embodiment 6:the copper-clad 45# carbon steel stratiform composite wire preparation of diameter of phi 2.05mm, cladding ratio 30%
Steel brush grinding process is carried out on the inner surface of annealed state cladding T2 fine copper pipe (size Φ 8 × 1mm) at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of annealed state core 45# carbon steel bar (diameter of phi 6mm); At room temperature adopt cladding T2 fine copper pipe jacket core 45# carbon steel bar, obtain jacket composite blank; Carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, carry out the pre-compound of the pre-cold drawn realization of single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, drawing deformation rate is 12%, obtains pre-recombination line base; Pointing is carried out to pre-recombination line base; Then adopt high-frequency induction heating apparatus in 5s, quickly heat up to drawing temperature 850 DEG C pre-recombination line base, mould also heated simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature 850 DEG C; And then the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating is passed and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out 7 passage temperature control drawings, drawing passes deformation rate is 6.8% ~ 29.5%, between the 5th passage and the temperature control drawing of the 6th passage, carried out the room temperature drawing of 2 passages, room temperature drawing passes deformation rate is 17.3% and 23.5% simultaneously; Carry out 3 passage room temperature finish draws on this basis, drawing passes deformation rate is 13.3% ~ 32.8%; Accurately to control be 30%, the high-quality copper-clad 45# carbon steel stratiform composite wire of interface quality excellence to prepare diameter of phi 2.05mm, cladding ratio.
Claims (7)
1. a bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) blank surface process: grinding process is carried out on the inner surface of the plied timber pipe at room temperature after effects on surface cleaning and the surface of core metal bar;
(2) jacket compound: at room temperature adopt plied timber pipe jacket core metal bar, obtain jacket composite blank;
(3) room temperature is cold drawn in advance: carry out pointing to jacket composite blank, and it is cold drawn in advance to carry out room temperature single pass sleeve pipe compound subsequently, and realize pre-compound, drawing deformation rate is 5% ~ 30%, obtains pre-recombination line base;
(4) pre-recombination line base pointing: pointing, polishing are carried out to pre-recombination line base;
(5) Fast Heating: the pre-recombination line base after pointing is put into the off-line resistance furnace that in-furnace temperature reached drawing temperature and heat and be incubated 3 ~ 5min, or adopt off-line or online current flow heats device or induction heating apparatus, in 2 ~ 10s, the pre-recombination line base after pointing is heated to drawing temperature, mould also heated simultaneously and keep its temperature to be drawing temperature;
(6) temperature control drawing: and then passed by the pre-recombination line base after Fast Heating and heat and the mould be incubated, carry out single pass or the drawing of multi-pass temperature control, drawing passes deformation rate is 4% ~ 60%, recombination line base in the middle of obtaining;
(7) room temperature finish draw: continue the middle recombination line base after to temperature control drawing and carry out single pass or multi-pass room temperature finish draw, drawing passes deformation rate is 2% ~ 40%, prepares high-quality bimetallic stratiform composite wire.
2. a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described metal is simple metal, alloy or metallic composite, is annealed state or as cast condition.
3. a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described plied timber and described core metal are dissimilar metal.
4. a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the diameter of described core metal bar is 0.5 ~ 0.99 times of described plied timber pipe internal diameter.
5. a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described drawing temperature is 0.2 ~ 0.9 times of the fusing point (unit is K) of the minimum metal of fusing point in described plied timber and described core metal.
6. a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that between the part passage of described temperature control drawing, and increase the room temperature drawing of single pass or multi-pass, room temperature drawing passes deformation rate is 4% ~ 40%.
7. a kind of bimetallic stratiform composite wire drawing forming method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that carrying out subsequent heat treatment to described bimetallic stratiform composite wire, heat treatment temperature is 0.2 ~ 0.9 times of the fusing point (unit is K) of the minimum metal of fusing point in described plied timber and described core metal, and heat treatment time is 1 ~ 10min.
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