CN104138742A - 一种去除工业废水中锌的吸附材料制备方法 - Google Patents
一种去除工业废水中锌的吸附材料制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种去除工业废水中锌的吸附材料制备方法,属于污水处理领域。取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.3~0.5mg/L,处于兼氧状态;不断加入甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;保持上述兼氧状态一定天数后,取出近似淤化的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,高温条件下炭化,配用;取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,以稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值至弱酸性,一定温度下烘干;研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。本发明工艺简单,操作方便,原料利用率高。且能最大程度地实现花生壳的再次利用,改善我国花生壳资源严重浪费的现状,并产生经济效益。
Description
技术领域
一种去除工业废水中锌的吸附材料制备方法,属于污水处理领域。
背景技术
随着全球经济的快速发展,含重金属的污染物通过各种途径进入河流,造成水体中相应重金属元素的富集。水污染不但影响农产品的质量与品质,而且涉及大气和水环境质量,并可通过食物链危害动物和人类的生命和健康。因此,水体重金属污染的预防与修复具有特别重要的意义。
锌污染是指锌及化合物所引起的环境污染。铜铝铅CNMN.COM.CN锌锡镍,中国有色网,小金属,废旧金属。主要污染源有锌矿开采、冶炼加工、机械制造以及镀锌、仪器仪表、有机物合成和造纸等工业的排放。铜铝铅CNMN.COM.CN锌锡镍,中国有色网,小金属,废旧金属。汽车轮胎磨损以及煤燃烧产生的粉尘、烟尘中均含有锌及化合物,工业废水中锌常以锌的羟基络合物存在。我国水体中锌污染问题在今年开始突然出现,由于清除重金属污染的物理方法、化学方法或微生物方法代价高昂,利用植物吸附的方法成为必然。
发明内容
花生是我国主要的油料作物和传统的出口农产品之一,每年约可产生450万吨花生壳,这些花生壳除少部分被用作饲料外,绝大部分被白白烧掉,造成了资源的极大浪费。本发明以花生壳为原料制备出对水体中的锌具有吸附作用的吸附剂。
为达到上述目的,本发明采取的具体技术方案是:
(1)取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入质量浓度为25%~30%少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.3~0.5mg/L,处于兼氧状态;
(2)加入4.5-6.5g甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;
(3)保持上述兼氧状态20~30天后,取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,温度为600°C~800°C条件下炭化,配用;
(4)取炭化后的花生壳粉末,以1.5%稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值为5-7,110-120°C下烘干;
(5)研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。
本发明所具有的显著优势为:
(1)工艺简单,操作方便,原料利用率高。
(2)最大程度地实现花生壳的再次利用,改善我国花生壳资源严重浪费的现状,并产生经济效益。
具体实施方式
取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入质量浓度为25%~30%少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.3~0.5mg/L,处于兼氧状态;加入4.5-6.5g甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;保持上述兼氧状态20~30天后,取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,温度为600°C~800°C条件下炭化,配用;取炭化后的花生壳粉末,以1.5%稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值为5-7,110-120°C下烘干;研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。将所得材料放入体积为5L浓度为100~500mg/L含锌工业废水中,pH值在5~7的情况下,吸附2~4小时,检查废水中锌的含量。
实例1
取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入质量浓度为25%少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.3mg/L,处于兼氧状态;加入4.5g甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;保持上述兼氧状态20天后,取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,温度为600°C条件下炭化,配用;取炭化后的花生壳粉末,以1.5%稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值为5,110°C下烘干;研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。将所得材料放入体积为5L浓度为100mg/L含锌工业废水中,pH值在5的情况下,吸附2小时, 废水中锌的浓度降低到5mg/L,吸附率达到95%。
实例2
取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入质量浓度为27.5%少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.4mg/L,处于兼氧状态;加入5.7g甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;保持上述兼氧状态25天后,取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,温度为700°C条件下炭化,配用;取炭化后的花生壳粉末,以1.5%稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值为6,115°C下烘干;研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。将所得材料放入体积为5L浓度为300mg/L含锌工业废水中,pH值在6的情况下,吸附3小时, 废水中锌的浓度降低到3mg/L,吸附率达到97%。
实例3
取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入质量浓度为30%少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.5mg/L,处于兼氧状态;加入6.5g甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;保持上述兼氧状态20~30天后,取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,温度为800°C条件下炭化,配用;取炭化后的花生壳粉末,以1.5%稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值为7,120°C下烘干;研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。将所得材料放入体积为5L浓度为500mg/L含锌工业废水中,pH值在7的情况下,吸附4小时, 废水中锌的浓度降低到2mg/L,吸附率达到99%。
Claims (1)
1. 一种去除工业废水中锌的吸附材料制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)取花生壳粉碎,用水浸泡,加入质量浓度为25%~30%少量硫代硫酸钠,使水体中溶解氧维持在0.3~0.5mg/L,处于兼氧状态;
(2)加入4.5-6.5g甘油和乙酸溶液,产生产氢产甲烷细菌,改变其表面性能;
(3)保持上述兼氧状态20~30天后,取出近似糊状的花生壳粉末,在氮气保护,温度为600°C~800°C条件下炭化,配用;
(4)取炭化后的花生壳粉末,以1.5%稀盐酸或热水洗涤,再用蒸馏水洗涤至pH值为5-7,110-120°C下烘干;
(5)研磨,用200目筛筛分,即可得到花生壳活性炭吸附剂。
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CN107010706A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-04 | 昌邑市银江生物科技有限公司 | 一种利用花生壳提取物分离水中铜盐的方法 |
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