CN104133000B - A kind of material corrosion detection means and method - Google Patents
A kind of material corrosion detection means and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104133000B CN104133000B CN201410311454.0A CN201410311454A CN104133000B CN 104133000 B CN104133000 B CN 104133000B CN 201410311454 A CN201410311454 A CN 201410311454A CN 104133000 B CN104133000 B CN 104133000B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of material corrosion detection means and method, device includes acoustic emission sensor, preamplifier, filter, main amplifier, buffer storage, signal detecting device, signal processing unit and display device；The emission sensor is sequentially connected preamplifier, and filter, main amplifier, buffer storage, signal detecting device, signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is connected to display device by multiplexer channel.This method monitors the energy discharged inside it in the case where not damaging detected material, by this energy signal come the characteristic of the corrosion fracture of judgement material.Apparatus of the present invention and method detect the corrosion condition of material by sensing the energy discharged and the feature released energy in corrosion induction rupture.It can determine whether whether material corrodes and corrode formed product by the frequency and amplitude of measured signal.Pass through V2S numerical value determine can reaction material corrosion rate and etching extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material corrosion detection means and method, be particularly suitable for use in metal material and surface covered with
The Corrosion monitoring of the metal material of protective layer.
Background technology
Corrode in people's production practices and life is a kind of natural phenomena frequently encountered, especially metal erosion problem
It is very universal.Corrode the harm caused to the mankind and loss is even more than the total of the natural calamities such as disaster caused by a windstorm, fire, floods and earthquake
With.There is data to show, the loss caused by corrosion can at least account for the 1.25% of gross national product.
Corrode the loss caused to metal material quite serious.Metal may all corrode in various environment.At present
The metal material steel generally used, iron rust is produced because being corroded, and causes many equipment prematurely to be scrapped, it is impossible to use.
There is data to show, the whole world causes the steel scrapped to be up to 1/3rd of total output due to corrosion every year, wherein there are about three
/ mono- can not recycle.
Corrosion is not only a large amount of to swallow steel, simultaneously because the corrosion in production process causes the damage of equipment, not only pollutes
Environment, or even catch fire, explode, so as to cause factory building, machinery equipment destruction, lead to serious accident.Particularly petrochemical industry is given birth to
Production. art is in the case of HTHP, and corrosive medium is strong, and harmfulness is bigger, directly threatens the healthy and life peace of personnel
Entirely, this not only results in huge economic loss, and may also result in the personnel casualty accidentses of heaviness, seriously compromises society
Can benefit.Therefore corrosion is a great unsafe factor in production process.
Therefore, the generation of exploitation energy effective detection material corrosion, and its method for extent of corrosion are particularly important.Therefore, mesh
In the preceding detection method for having developed a variety of corrosion, such as hanging slice method, resistance electrode method, linear polarization method, ultrasonic thickness measurement method, water
Dissolved gas measurement etc..But these methods all can not the directly corrosion rate for measuring detected material of qualitative, quantitative and corrosion
Amount.
The content of the invention
The defect existed for prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of material corrosion detection means and method,
It is particularly suitable for use in metal material and surface covering matcoveredn（Such as：Paint）Metal material Corrosion monitoring.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, idea of the invention is that：
When pressure of the metal material by external mechanical load, even material is not damaged in itself, but its inside
With the outside change for being likely to occur continuous structure feature.Material is discharged due to the change of inner structural features
Energy is generally showed in the form of " stress wave ", such as R wave.And this " stress wave " be detected as detect material internal
Structure change provides a practical method.Not yet find that any method can detect the internal structure change of material at present.
Material（Such as：Metal）Corrosion can also discharge small energy, this energy also in the form of " stress wave " exist, and corrosion lead
Cause produced by material structure change exergonic " stress wave ", its feature is similar to caused by mechanical pressure " stress wave ".
According to above-mentioned design, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of material corrosion detection means, including acoustic emission sensor, preamplifier, filter, main amplifier, buffering
Memory, signal detecting device, signal processing unit and display device；The emission sensor is sequentially connected preposition amplification
Device, filter, main amplifier, buffer storage, signal detecting device, signal processing unit, the signal processing unit passes through
Multiplexer channel is connected to display device.
The signal detecting device includes the first multiplexer, frequency filter, amplitude threshold filter, data storage
Unit and the second multiplexer；If first multiplexer is divided into dry passage, each passage is connected to successively
One frequency filter and an amplitude threshold filter, the amplitude threshold filter connect an independent data storage
Device, some data storage composition data memory cell, if the dry passage after the data storage cell is connected to the second multichannel
On multiplexer.
The signal processing unit include low pass filter, amplifier, signal averager, amplitude threshold detector, clock,
Voltage-controlled oscillator, counter, low pass filter described in the 3rd multiplexer is sequentially connected amplifier, signal averaging
Device, amplitude threshold detector, voltage-controlled oscillator, counter, the 3rd multiplexer, the clock connects amplitude threshold
Detector, voltage-controlled oscillator.
A kind of material corrosion detection method, in the case where not damaging detected material, monitors the energy discharged inside it
Amount, by this energy signal come the characteristic of the corrosion fracture of judgement material, with following steps：
1）The acoustic emission sensor is connected to by acoustic couplant on detected material, when material is corroded,
It can be given off energy inside it, this energy is showed by the form of ultrasonic signal；This ultrasonic signal is passed by sound emission
Sensor is received, and is converted into voltage analog signal by preamplifier and is exaggerated, and then removes voltage-mode by filter
Intend the low-frequency noise in signal, remove the voltage analog signal after noise and further amplified by main amplifier, the electricity after amplification
Pressure analog signal is stored in buffer storage；The voltage analog signal being stored in buffer storage is transferred to signal detection
In device；
2）In signal detecting device, if voltage analog signal is divided into dry passage, each passage by the first multiplexer
For detecting the unlike signal produced during metallic material corrosion；By the frequency filter and amplitude threshold filter come
Selection passes through the signal of specific frequency and particular amplitude scope, to recognize different corrosion products respectively；Signal after detection leads to
Cross data storage cell and be transported to the second multiplexer, then entering signal processing unit；
3）The signal that the signal processing unit is received is filtered to remove background noise by low pass filter, then by putting
Big device processing, obtains the signal V of voltage amplitude square2, wherein V refer in seconds rupture the duration in produce total electricity
Press signal；Signal is adjusted by signal averager, by amplitude threshold detector signal Analysis amplitude threshold, when signal reaches
During to critical value, clock is opened, when less than critical value, and clock is closed；More than the voltage-controlled vibration of signal handling of threshold value
Device, produces the triangular pulse signal with threshold signal equivalent negative sense, and counter pulse signals within the unit interval are counted, obtained
The V proportional to each signal energy2S numerical value；Count signal by the 3rd multiplexer, if be divided into dry passage be output to it is aobvious
On showing device；Second multiplexer and the 3rd multiplexer are synchronous, can accurately judge the original of signal attenuation
Cause.If the 3rd multiplexer, which is divided into dry passage, is output to display device, the pad value of wherein each signal is represented respectively
Metal erosion product, and its quantity and speed that surface coating is decomposed, so as to judge the feature of corrosion fracture.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has prominent substantive distinguishing features and significant advantage as follows：
Apparatus of the present invention and method are by sensing the energy discharged and the feature released energy, detection in corrosion induction rupture
Material（Such as：Scribble the ferrous material of painting layer）Corrosion condition.Material can determine whether by the frequency and amplitude of measured signal
Whether material corrodes and corrodes formed product.Pass through V2S numerical value determine can reaction material corrosion rate and corruption
Erosion amount.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is signal detecting device schematic diagram in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is signal processing unit schematic diagram in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the inventive method handles ultrasonic signal program.
Oxide and the school of time that Fig. 5 obtains for corrosion experiment of the iron material in water environment under room temperature condition of the present invention
Directrix curve.
Fig. 6 is the V with being obtained under Fig. 5 same experimental conditions2S numerical value and the calibration curve of time.
Fig. 7 is the metal oxide that metal material of the present invention corrodes generation under natural environment（Corrosion product）Amount and when
Between calibration curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment to the present invention is described further.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of material corrosion detection means, including acoustic emission sensor 1, preamplifier 4, filter 5,
Main amplifier 6, buffer storage 7, signal detecting device 2, signal processing unit 3 and display device；The emission sensor 1
It is sequentially connected preamplifier 4, filter 5, main amplifier 6, buffer storage 7, signal detecting device 2, signal processing unit
3, the signal processing unit 3 is connected to display device by multiplexer channel.
As shown in Fig. 2 the signal detecting device 2 includes the first multiplexer 8, frequency filter 12, amplitude threshold
Filter 13, the multiplexer 16 of data storage cell 15 and second；First multiplexer 8 is divided into three passages, often
Individual passage is all connected to a frequency filter 12 and an amplitude threshold filter 13, the amplitude threshold filtering successively
Device 13 connects an independent data storage 14, and some composition data memory cell 15 of data storage 14, the data are deposited
Three passages after storage unit 15 are connected on the second multiplexer 16.
As shown in figure 3, the signal processing unit 3 includes low pass filter 17, amplifier 18, signal averager 19 shakes
Width threshold dector 20, clock 21, voltage-controlled oscillator 22, counter 23, the 3rd multiplexer 24；The low pass filtered
Ripple device 17 is sequentially connected amplifier 18, and signal averager 19, amplitude threshold detector 20, voltage-controlled oscillator 22 is counted
Device 23, the 3rd multiplexer 24, the connection amplitude threshold of clock 21 detector 20, voltage-controlled oscillator 22.
A kind of material corrosion detection method, in the case where not damaging detected material, monitors the energy discharged inside it
Amount, by this energy signal come the characteristic of the corrosion fracture of judgement material, with following steps：
1）The acoustic emission sensor 1 is voltage or condenser type, is connected to by acoustic couplant on detected material,
It can be given off energy when material is corroded, inside it, this energy can be showed by the form of ultrasonic signal.This ultrasound
Ripple signal is received by acoustic emission sensor 1, and is converted into voltage analog signal by preamplifier 4 and is exaggerated, and it amplifies
Coefficient is 40 decibels of volts, then removes the low-frequency noise in voltage analog signal by filter 5, removes the voltage after noise
Analog signal is further amplified by main amplifier 6, and its amplification coefficient is 54 decibels of volts, and so far signal is exaggerated 94 decibels altogether
Volt, the voltage analog signal after amplification is stored in buffer storage 7；It is stored in the voltage analog letter in buffer storage 7
Number it is transferred in signal detecting device 2；
2）In signal detecting device 2, voltage analog signal is divided into three passages, Mei Getong by the first multiplexer 8
Road is used to detect the unlike signal produced during metallic material corrosion, wherein, passage 9 is used to detect Fe2O3Signal, passage 10
For detecting Fe3O4Signal, passage 11 is used for the signal for detecting that coating is decomposed；Pass through the frequency filter 12 and amplitude threshold
Filter 13 selects the signal by specific frequency and particular amplitude scope, to recognize different corrosion products respectively；Detection
Signal afterwards is transported to the second multiplexer 16 by data storage cell 15, then entering signal processing unit 3；
3）The signal that the signal processing unit 3 is received is as shown in fig. 4 a.Signal is filtered to remove by low pass filter 17
Background noise, is then handled by amplifier 18, obtains the signal V of voltage amplitude square2, wherein V refers in seconds broken
The total voltage signal produced in the duration is split, as shown in Figure 4 b；Signal is adjusted by signal averager 19, passes through amplitude
The signal Analysis amplitude threshold of threshold dector 20, obtains the signal as shown in Fig. 4 c above the dotted line of threshold value.When signal reaches
During critical value, clock 21 is opened, and when less than critical value, clock 21 is closed, and its critical value is as shown in figure 4d；More than the letter of threshold value
Number voltage-controlled oscillator 22 of manipulation, produces the triangular pulse signal with threshold signal equivalent negative sense, typical pulse signal
As shown in fig 4e；The pulse signals within the unit interval of counter 23 are counted, and obtain the V proportional to each signal energy2S numbers
Value；Count signal is divided into three passages and is output to display device 25,26,27 by the 3rd multiplexer 24.Each signal declines
The difference of depreciation can be attributed to Fe respectively2O3, Fe3O4Generation, and coating decompose caused by；Second multiplexer 16
It is synchronous, the reason for accurately can judging signal attenuation with the 3rd multiplexer 24.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the uncovered wrought iron in Curve selection surface is used as test sample.From curve it can be seen that V2s
It is proportional to the amount that oxide is formed in corrosion.Formula V can be passed through2s = K1 + K2X is calculated, and wherein X represents oxide
Amount, K1And K2It is constant.This formula is applied to the sample of iron content, such as mild steel.In actual use, this formula is applied to all gold
Belong to material.Therefore calibration curve is measured under known conditions, it is possible to which V is gone out by areal calculation2S numerical value, so as to obtain one
The oxidized amount of the material of section time.And the V that can be obtained by curve2S numerical computations go out material oxygen in different time
Change the speed of corrosion.
This method can be with produced oxide aggregate and current corrosion rate in Accurate Determining corrosion process：
First have to obtain the calibration curve such as Fig. 7.Set up after this effective calibration curve, it is possible between the different time
Every lower measurement V2S values, under most of occasion, its interval time determined is six hours or longer.This certain interval time
Can it be unit in week.In the experiment of the present invention, the data point to A to F is fitted, and obtains calibration curve as shown in Figure 7.
By calculating, the last point F V from curve2S numerical value can determine the total amount of corrosion, can be with from tangent slope on the aspect
The speed corroded.
The present embodiment is measured by experiment is used as under the conditions of constant amplification factor in 94 decibels of volts, unit mass Fe2O3,
Fe3O4With the V of paint2S values, its test result is as shown in table 1.
。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of material corrosion detection means, it is characterised in that including acoustic emission sensor（1）, preamplifier（4）, filtering
Device（5）, main amplifier（6）, buffer storage（7）, signal detecting device（2）, signal processing unit（3）And display device；
Acoustic emission sensor（1）It is sequentially connected preamplifier（4）, filter（5）, main amplifier（6）, buffer storage（7）, signal
Detection device（2）, signal processing unit（3）, signal processing unit（3）Display device is connected to by multiplexer channel；
Signal detecting device（2）Including the first multiplexer（8）, frequency filter（12）, amplitude threshold filter（13）, number
According to memory cell（15）With the second multiplexer（16）；First multiplexer（8）If being divided into dry passage, each passage according to
It is secondary to be connected to a frequency filter（12）With an amplitude threshold filter（13）, amplitude threshold filter（13）Connection
One independent data storage（14）, some data storages（14）Composition data memory cell（15）, data storage cell
（15）If dry passage afterwards is connected to the second multiplexer（16）On.
2. material corrosion detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal processing unit（3）Including
Low pass filter（17）, amplifier（18）, signal averager（19）, amplitude threshold detector（20）, clock（21）, voltage control
Oscillator（22）, counter（23）, the 3rd multiplexer（24）；The low pass filter（17）It is sequentially connected amplifier
（18）, signal averager（19）, amplitude threshold detector（20）, voltage-controlled oscillator（22）, counter（23）, more than the 3rd
Path multiplexer（24）, the clock（21）Connect amplitude threshold detector（20）With voltage-controlled oscillator（22）.
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| CN108706718A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-10-26 | 成都九翼环保科技有限公司 | Overcritical water oxidization reactor and its extent of corrosion real-time monitoring system and purposes |
| CN110222650A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-10 | 华北水利水电大学 | A kind of acoustie emission event classification method based on sound emission all band acquisition parameter |
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