CN104130568B - Foamed materials and its production and use - Google Patents
Foamed materials and its production and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN104130568B CN104130568B CN201410346514.2A CN201410346514A CN104130568B CN 104130568 B CN104130568 B CN 104130568B CN 201410346514 A CN201410346514 A CN 201410346514A CN 104130568 B CN104130568 B CN 104130568B
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- foamed materials
- foamed
- oil
- foam
- powder
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 32
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 32
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000000497 foam cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diamine Natural products NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to foamed materials, belong to organic material preparation field.The invention still further relates to the preparation method of foamed materials and purposes.Foamed materials, described foamed materials includes inert inorganic filler.This foamed materials is by adding inert inorganic material so that abscess is not easily destroyed and blocks, and improves the access times of foamed materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to foamed materials, belong to organic material preparation field.The invention still further relates to the preparation method of foamed materials and purposes.
Background technology
Foam interior is latticed or film like loose structure, thus it not only has great specific surface area, internal possibly together with abundant capillary channel.Therefore not only when it contacts with oil water mixture can produce adsorption on material section surface but also absorb oil and water along with packing space, mainly by mesopore capillary condensation and macropore multilayer adsorption and filling.Therefore water and oil are all easier in this type of foam cells road to assemble, form certain thickness, also absorb water in oil water mixture while oil suction, and water absorption rate is generally 2-4 times of own wt.
In existing application, foamed materials there is higher water suction oil absorption, reuse by extruding to get rid of after oil, use after repeatedly, abscess is destroyed or blocked.The access times of foamed materials of the prior art are relatively low.
Summary of the invention
The foamed materials higher in order to obtain access times, specifically, the application provides a kind of foamed materials, and described foamed materials includes inert inorganic filler.
Present invention also provides the purposes of the oil that foamed materials contains solid impurity in absorption.
This foamed materials is by adding inert inorganic material so that abscess is not easily destroyed and blocks, and improves the access times of foamed materials.
Detailed description of the invention
Foamed materials, described foamed materials is formed by expandable mixtures foaming, and foamed materials forms foam structure, and described foamed materials also includes inert inorganic powders.
'inertia' in the inert inorganic powders of the application refers to neither oleophylic, not hydrophilic again, and in the inorganic material of the chemical stability with height.This is different from the inorganic combustion inhibitor in foam plastics.
Foamed materials is due to after oil suction, it is necessary to extrudes and reuses, and after making to be finished, the oil absorption of foamed materials can decline every time.Improve the access times of foamed materials after adding inert inorganic material and reduce oil suction decay.
Selectable inert inorganic powders includes metal dust, water-insoluble silicate powder.Selectable inert inorganic powders also includes other materials.In order to reduce hydrophilic and oleophilic, it is preferable that the inert inorganic powders of smooth surface atresia.The preferred subcircular shape of inert inorganic powders.Subcircular shape is conducive to foamed materials to obtain higher access times.It should be noted that oil described herein, refer not only to fatty acid, refer to all organic liquids that can adsorb.
In order to improve the access times of foamed materials, the ratio in described inert inorganic powders particle diameter and foamed materials aperture is 0.2-10, more selects 0.5-2.
In order to obtain better foamed materials, described foamed materials is the powder that foamed plastic is made.
By preparing into powder, destroy original capillary absorption structure so that the water absorption of foamed materials is substantially reduced.Meanwhile, oil absorption will not reduce too much, and wherein possible mechanism is: powder particle surface exists surface adsorption, and adjacent powder particle combines and again forms capillary absorption structure.
One or several in polystyrene, polyurethane, polrvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ureaformaldehyde, phenolic aldehyde, Merlon, polyphenylene oxide, polysulfones of described foamed plastic.
The preferred semi-rigid foamed plastic of foamed plastic.
For polyurethane, foamed plastic is adjustable.
Foam plastics is defined below: the matrix polymer of composition foam plastics is in more than crystalline melting point, if amorphous polymer, is then in more than vitrification point.In like manner, can be defined below under rigid foam: the matrix polymer of composition foam plastics, exist with crystalline state, or exist with amorphous state, but be in below vitrification point.According to this differentiation, major part expanded polyolefin, unplasticizied polyvinyl chloride foam, phenol formaldehyde foam, Merlon foam, polyphenylene oxide foam, polysulphone foam, some polyurethane foam broadly falls into rigid foam, and flexible polyurethane foam, some expanded polyolefin, the polyvinyl chloride foam of plasticising is all soft foam.
According to the regulation of ASTM standard, it is at 18 29 DEG C of temperature to soft and rigid foam differentiation, in time 5s, around the pole one week of diameter 2.5cm, if do not ruptured, then belongs to flex foam,
Otherwise, then rigid foam is belonged to.
By the regulation of iso standard.Compression reach 50% after release of pressure.It is flex foam that its thickness reduces less than 2% compared with original thickness, is rigid foam more than lO% person, and meson 2 10% is semi-rigid foamed plastics.
Also have using elastic modelling quantity as the standard of differentiation.All 23 DEG C and 50% this standard environment of relative humidity under, elastic modelling quantity is rigid foam more than 686MPa person.It is flex foam less than 68.6Mpa person, is semi-rigid foamed plastics between 68.6 686MPa persons.
Foamed plastic of the present invention judges whether to belong to hard or semi-rigid foamed plastic with any one standard above-mentioned.
Flex foam has open-celled structure mostly, and rigid foam has hole-closing structure mostly.In prior art, the foam plastics for oil suction is all flexible plastic, and the present invention adopts hard or semi-rigid foamed plastic, also has good oil absorbing effect after being ground into powder.
In order to obtain better oil absorbing effect, the mean diameter of powder is 1-1000 micron, it is preferable that 100-500 micron.
Foamed plastic polystyrene, polyurethane, polrvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ureaformaldehyde, phenolic aldehyde preparation method be all the known general knowledge of this area, generally comprise polymerization single polymerization monomer.Undertaken foaming and maintain the stable to obtain good foaming effect of foam by the method for chemistry or physics, it is possible to controlled the size of the bubble diameter of foam by a series of auxiliary agent.The preferred 1-1000 micron of bubble diameter of foamed plastic described herein, more preferably 50-500 micron.
For different bubble diameters, it is possible to obtain better oil suction, not soaking effect by controlling the particle diameter of powder.The ratio of preferred powder diameter and foamed plastic bubble diameter is 0.2-10.More preferably 0.5-2.
Embodiment 1
For Chinese patent CN200910060231.0, this patent relates to high oil absorption polyurethane foam material, its recipe ingredient following (being weight portion, lower same):
MDI30 part
Polyhydric alcohol 50 parts
Catalyst 1.5 parts
Foam stabiliser (L600) 1.8 parts
Foaming agent (deionized water) 5 parts
Pore-creating agent (C-18) 3 parts
Fire retardant (expanded graphite) 15 parts
Spherical Powder of Silicone Rubber 5 parts
Coupling agent 1 part
The oil absorbency to gasoline of the polyurethane foamed blocks obtained is 25g/g, and water absorption rate is 1.2g/g.
Present inventor adopts the polyurethane foam that said components is prepared from, and is approximately in the powder of 2-500 micron by obtaining particle diameter after its cutting and grinding, it is thus achieved that the oil absorbency to gasoline of polyurethane foamed blocks be 23g/g, water absorption rate is 0.28g/g.
Embodiment 2
Propylene glycol is the polyethylene glycol oxide propylene oxide ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol 70 parts of initiator
Glycerol is the polyethylene glycol oxide propylene oxide ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol 30 parts of initiator
Diethanolamine 1 part
2.4 parts of water
4-methyl hexamethylene diamine 0.3 part
Triethylene diamine 0.1 part
Poly-MDI49.6 part
Mold temperature 40 degrees Celsius.Cure time 4 minutes, gel time 96 seconds, 163 seconds rise times.
The expansion density obtaining semi-rigid foamed plastic is 159kg/m3, final Shore C hardness 37, average 400 microns of bubble diameter.
Wherein, poly-MDI is the MR-200 of NPU company of Japan, and propylene glycol is the polyethylene glycol oxide propylene oxide ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol hydroxyl value 28 of initiator, molecular weight 4000, ethylene oxide content 20%.Glycerol is the polyethylene glycol oxide propylene oxide ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol hydroxyl value 34 of initiator, molecular weight 5000, ethylene oxide content 18%.All the other are commercially available prod.
After cleaved pulverizing (powder diameter about 30 microns), the oil absorbency 7g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 0.2g/g.
After being crushed to average 100 microns, the oil absorbency 16g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 0.2g/g.
After being crushed to average 400 microns, the oil absorbency 18g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 0.2g/g.
After being crushed to average 1000 microns, the oil absorbency 15g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 0.4g/g.
After being crushed to average 2 millimeters, the oil absorbency 12g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 0.7g/g.
After being crushed to average 4 millimeters, the oil absorbency 10g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 1.3g/g.
After being crushed to average 10 millimeters, the oil absorbency 13g/g to gasoline, water absorption rate 2.5g/g.
Being cut into the cube that the length of side is 4 centimetres block, the oil absorbency to gasoline is 15g/g, water absorption rate 4g/g.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the scheme of embodiment 2, add 3 parts of aluminium silicate subcircular powder, powder diameter average out to 100,400,1000 microns, simultaneously it is not added with aluminium silicate powder compares with embodiment 2.After the foaming powder obtained is crushed to average 400 microns.The oil absorption of useless gear oil (containing the lubricating oil of antiwear additive, also have the broken wadding of metal, carbon particle etc. simultaneously) is roughly the same, it is between 16-18g/g.Oil absorption decays to the number of times respectively 10 times, 20 times, 7 times of 50% oil absorption.The number of times being not added with aluminium silicate powder is then 5 times.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the scheme of embodiment 2, add 3 parts of lamellar montmorillonite powder, powder diameter average out to 100,400,1000 microns, simultaneously it is not added with aluminium silicate powder compares with embodiment 2.After the foaming powder obtained is crushed to average 400 microns.The oil absorption of useless gear oil (containing the lubricating oil of antiwear additive, also have the broken wadding of metal, carbon particle etc. simultaneously) is roughly the same, it is between 16-18g/g.Oil absorption decays to the number of times respectively 7 times, 11 times, 7 times of 50% oil absorption.The number of times being not added with aluminium silicate powder is then 5 times.
Claims (5)
1. foamed materials, described foamed materials is formed by expandable mixtures foaming, and foamed materials forms foam structure, it is characterised in that described foamed materials also includes inert inorganic powders；
Described foamed materials is the powder that foamed plastic is made；
Described foamed plastic includes semi-rigid foamed plastics, rigid foam；
The bubble diameter of described foamed plastic is 1-1000 micron；
The mean diameter of the powder that described foamed plastic is made is 1-1000 micron；
The ratio of the mean diameter of the powder that described foamed plastic is made and the bubble diameter of described foamed plastic is 0.2-10.
2. foamed materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ratio in described inert inorganic powders particle diameter and foamed materials aperture is 0.2-10.
3. foamed materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the elastic modelling quantity of described foamed plastic is 68.6-686MPa.
4. the foamed materials according to any one claim in claim 1-3 is absorbing the purposes of oil.
5. the purposes of foamed materials according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described oil is the oil containing solid impurity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410346514.2A CN104130568B (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-07-21 | Foamed materials and its production and use |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410346514.2A CN104130568B (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-07-21 | Foamed materials and its production and use |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104130568A CN104130568A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| CN104130568B true CN104130568B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN111548576A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-18 | 浙江王斌装饰材料有限公司 | Heat-resistant flame-retardant microcellular foamed polystyrene material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101987884A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-03-23 | 中蓝晨光化工研究院有限公司 | High oil absorption polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof |
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2014
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101987884A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-03-23 | 中蓝晨光化工研究院有限公司 | High oil absorption polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 废弃矿渣粉填充EPDM泡沫型复合材料的制备及其吸油特性;刘秀奇等;《吉林大学学报（工学版）》;20090131;第39卷(第1期);56-60 * |
| 泡沫型吸油复合材料的制备及其吸油性;刘秀奇等;《材料科学与工艺》;20091231;第17卷(第6期);815-819 * |
| 硅橡胶球形微粉;黄文润;《有机硅材料》;20081231;第22卷(第1期);49-53 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20170615 Address after: 300204 Tianjin, Yongan Road, Rome garden, block A, building 2, 1101, Hexi District Patentee after: Golden carbon Environment Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. Address before: 300204 Rome garden, Yongan Road, Tianjin, Hexi District A-I-1403 Patentee before: Li Linying |