CN104129953B - A kind of add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent - Google Patents
A kind of add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides and a kind of add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent, it is with cement, lime and sand as primary raw material, mix foaming agent, conditioning agent and air entraining agent, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, in advance form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance, go out still processing, the autoclave aerated concrete building block made.This building block dry density ＜ 596 kg/m3, compression strength ＞ 5.12 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.45 mm, qualification rate ＞ 97%.By adding a small amount of saponins concrete air-entrainer, it is remarkably improved production process ratio of water to material, unit aluminium powder gas forming amount and pouring stability, and the volume of goods, intensity and quality.Present inventive concept novelty, abundant raw material, technique are simple, with low cost, convenient to carry out, have bigger generalization, and this building block is environment-friendly and energy-efficient materials for wall, can be applicable to processing and the construction of the non-load bearing wall of building, wallboard and roof boarding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of to add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent, and prepared by the Green Chemistry relating to air entrained concrete, belong to novel environmental friendliness fine chemistry industry material and environment protecting and power-saving building materials field.
Background technology
Exploitation novel wall material is to promote China's economic society Sustainable Healthy Development and build the Strategic Demand of environmental country.Air entrained concrete is a kind of new green environment protection energy-saving material, refer to calcareous material and siliceous material as primary raw material, mix foaming agent, through hydration reaction, moulding by casting, precuring is cut, the porous novel wall material that the techniques such as steam press maintenance are formed, it is that one can realize resource, environment, the environment-friendly energy-saving building materials of performance and cost best of breed, it it is the unique a kind of single materials for wall that can meet cold district more than 65% power conservation requirement in the world today, in Ye Shi China " 12 " period and following long term, the green building material new varieties that country widelys popularize.
Production process of gas concrete generally include raw material prepare, dispensing, cast, quiet stop, cut, steam press maintenance and go out the operations such as still processing, it it is critical only that casting process slurry to be stablized, to occur without mould phenomenon of collapsing, the quiet process base substrate that stops occurs without shrinkage phenomenon, and the building block product after steam press maintenance wants that unit weight is low, masonry strength usage factor big, have light porous feature.
At present, production process of gas concrete generally exists that slurry water material match ratio is low, pouring stability is poor, slurry easily occur and collapses mould and base substrate shrinkage phenomenon, and building block product generally exists that qualification rate is low, unit weight is high, compression strength is low, pore is big and the problem such as uneven, pore amount is few, thermal conductivity factor is high, fire endurance is short, poor durability.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent, by dispensing mixes a small amount of air entraining agent, slurry ratio of water to material and pouring stability, the concrete durability of production process can be significantly improved, the high qualification rate of building block product, low unit weight, high compressive strength and masonry strength usage factor can be ensured, the light porous characteristic of air-entrained concrete building block can be fully demonstrated, can be that Resources for construction economizing type and environment protection ecological type society provide fine chemistry industry material and new green environment protection energy-saving wall material.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent, in total siccative, the percentage by weight of each raw material is: cement 13～15%, lime 13～15%, fine sand 69～70%, foaming agent in terms of aluminium 0.070～0.075%, conditioning agent 2.45～2.60%, air entraining agent in terms of saponin 0.012～0.014%, the mass percent sum of each raw material is 100%；Mixing water and the mass ratio 0.62～0.66 of total siccative.
By above-mentioned raw material mix after, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, in advance form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance, go out still processing, prepare B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.
Goods dry density ＜ 596
kg/m3, compression strength ＞ 5.12 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.45 mm, freeze rear mass loss rate ＜ 4.5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＜ 18%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＜ 0.15 W/ (m K), qualification rate ＞ 97%, higher than the requirement of the B06 level autoclave aerated concrete building block high-class product that national standard is formulated.
Described foaming agent is one or more in metallic aluminium, zinc, the pulvis of magnesium or paste, the water-soluble aluminium powder cream of preferential selection.Described conditioning agent is gypsum.Described air entraining agent is saponins concrete air-entrainer.Described calcareous material is cement and lime.Described siliceous material is fine sand, including one or more in sea sand, river sand, river sand, Machine-made Sand, Weathered Sand.
The each raw-material Main Function of the present invention is as follows: the effect of aluminium powder is to provide enough gas forming amounts, ensure full mould and yield, reduction goods unit weight；The effect of cement is regulate base substrate setting rate and improve product strength；The effect of lime is to regulate slurry bodying velocity, promote that aluminium powder is got angry and improves product strength；The effect of fine sand is to provide skeleton and SiO2, make goods obtain intensity；The effect of gypsum is regulate cement setting time and prevent false set, regulation and control pouring stability, improve blank strength；The effect of saponins air entraining agent is to remove aluminium powder cream surface stearic acid protective agent, promotion aluminium powder cream is got angry, surely steep, regulate and control slurry pouring stability, improve qualification rate, raising aluminium powder and the utilization rate of lime；The effect of mixing water is to provide enough hydration reaction substrate, raising aluminium powder and utilization rates of lime.
The method can significantly improve it is critical only that by adding a small amount of saponins air entraining agent of casting aerated concrete stability, control the setting rate of production process slurry, bodying velocity and raising rate and match, occur without slurry and collapse mould and base substrate shrinkage phenomenon.
What the present invention can significantly reduce building block product unit weight and aperture it is critical only that production process provides enough basicity and moisture, ensure effective gas forming amount of aluminium powder, make the bubble discharged can uniformly be diffused in slurry formation microcellular structure, improve unit aluminium powder gas forming amount also by adding a small amount of saponins air entraining agent.
What the present invention improved building block product intensity it is critical only that production process to provide enough siliceous and calcareous materials, makes generate hydrated calcium silicate and aquation calcium aluminosilicate crystallizable mineral under the conditions of steam press maintenance further, improves intensity after goods.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1, compared with normal concrete, the aerated concrete products of the present invention have light porous, masonry strength usage factor is big, durability is strong, value of creeping under action of long-term load is little, thermal and insulating performance is excellent, absorb sound the advantages such as soundproof effect is good, fire and heat endurance is good, quakeproof and quake-resistant function admirable, hydrophobic impermeability is good, machinability is strong, raw material sources are extensive, production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, it is the following green building material new varieties widelyd popularize of country, country can be met and carry out the process of urbanization and build and the needs of economical and environment-friendly social construction.
2, in order to overcome existing air entrained concrete production technology defect, the present invention mixes a small amount of saponins air entraining agent by dispensing, hardening of cement speed, lime bodying velocity just can be made more to mate with aluminium powder raising rate, improve slurry pouring stability, be difficult to that collapse mould and shrinkage phenomenon occur, the qualification rate height of air entrained concrete, more lightweight, porous, high intensity, have beyond thought substantial advance.Compared with comparative example, the ratio of water to material of casting process and unit aluminium powder gas forming amount have been respectively increased 6.9～13.8% and 4.0～12.0%, the volume of resulting product and compression strength be respectively increased 5.8～8.3% and 9.9～10.7%, unit weight decrease 6.3～7.6%.
3, compared with existing air entrained concrete factory formula, the present invention with the addition of the saponins concrete air-entrainer (being called for short: saponins air entraining agent) (application publication number CN 103466984 A) with independent intellectual property right in formula.This saponins air entraining agent extracts from oil tea, soapberry, Chinese honey locust, the wood plant containing saponin(e such as peanut, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, and its main functional component is saponin.Saponin is made up of sapogenin, saccharide ligand and organic acid three part, containing hydrophilic and lipophilic group, is a class Triterpenoids sapogenins saponins mixture, and close and distant equilibrium valve HLB is up to 16, and water solubility is very well.
4, the present invention adds saponins air entraining agent in formula and can bring following remarkable advantage:
(1) the saponins air entraining agent that the present invention uses also is a kind of nonionic surface active agent simultaneously, its hydrophilic radical is made up of the oxy radical of strong electronegativity, its lipophilic group is to be made up of nonpolar hydrocarbon ring key, aluminium powder cream can be made more soluble in alkaline medium, gas forming amount is bigger, and aluminium powder cream utilization rate is bigger.
(2) the saponins air entraining agent of the present invention can be adsorbed onto stearic acid protectant aluminum particle surface, by adsorbing, permeate, infiltrating, rolling off effect, makes stearic acid get off from aluminium powder sur-face peeling, makes aluminium powder surface the most exposed out, faster get angry.
(3) the saponins air entraining agent of the present invention is dissolved in air entrained concrete slurry, can form unimolecule arrangement at gas-liquid interface, make the surface tension of bubble reduce；Owing to the molecular weight of saponin is big, the aquation thickness of formation, foam stabilizing effect is good, and saponin molecule can cover at bubble surface, makes air bubble intensity bigger, is less susceptible to expand and rupture, make base substrate pore less, evenly, finer and close, be more likely formed non-interconnected hole.
5, compared with existing process for producing aerated concrete, the present invention only with the addition of a small amount of saponins air entraining agent in formula, so that it may increases substantially the ratio of water to material of production process, and the raising of ratio of water to material can bring following remarkable advantage:
(1) in the basic conditions, aluminium powder reaction equation of getting angry is 2Al+3Ca (OH)2 + 6H2O → 3CaO·Al2O3·6H2O + 3H2↑, after ratio of water to material improves, more water will be had to participate in aluminium powder and to get angry generation hydrogen, till aluminium powder is depleted, so, aluminium powder is got angry more complete, is remarkably improved aluminium powder utilization rate and goods yield, reduces goods unit weight and production cost.
(2) lime digestion reaction equation is CaO+H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Ca2+ + OH-, lime digestion can produce substantial amounts of Ca (OH)2、Ca2+And OH-, after ratio of water to material improves, more water will be had to participate in lime digestion, make lime digestion more completely, reaction deeper into, be remarkably improved slurry pouring temperature, lime utilization rate and product strength, can obviously reduce production of articles cost；Simultaneously, under slurry bodying velocity higher strip part, water more than needed is also had to regulate denseness and the divergence of slurry, it is ensured that the aluminium powder hydrogen produced of getting angry readily diffuses into each corner of slurry, form more micro-bubble and be more evenly distributed, being remarkably improved goods porosity, reduce pore opening.
(3) lime digestion process can produce substantial amounts of Ca (OH)2, Ca (OH)2 Ca2+ + 2OH-, after improving due to ratio of water to material, have more water to can be used for dissolving Ca (OH)2, in slurry, pH value is higher, is more beneficial for the Al of aluminium powder cream2O3Oxide-film is dissolved by alkali lye, Al2O3 + 2OH- → 2AlO2 -
+ H2O, makes that aluminium powder surface is the most exposed out, faster gets angry, and follow-up aluminium powder gets angry more completely, it is in hgher efficiency to get angry；Meanwhile, under the conditions of being more beneficial for steam press maintenance, there is more Ca (OH)2And Ca2+With material SiO2And Al2O3Have an effect, generate hydrated calcium silicate and aquation aluminum silica gel calcium in Hydrothermal Synthesis mode, collectively promote the development of intensity after goods.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of add B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent, each raw material weight percentage in total siccative: cement 13～15%, lime 13～15%, fine sand 69～70%, foaming agent in terms of aluminium 0.070～0.075%, conditioning agent 2.45～2.60%, air entraining agent in terms of saponin 0.012～0.014%；Mixing water and total siccative ratio (ratio of water to material) 0.62～0.66, above-mentioned raw material mixing after, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, in advance form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance, go out still processing, make B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.Goods dry density ＜ 596 kg/m3, compression strength ＞ 5.12 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.45 mm, freeze rear mass loss rate ＜ 4.5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＜ 18%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＜ 0.15 W/ (m K), qualification rate ＞ 97%.
When mould internal volume is 3.24 m3Time, raw material components and formula thereof be: cement 250～290
Kg, lime 250～290 kg, fine sand 1335～1355 kg, gypsum 48～50 kg, water-soluble aluminium powder cream in terms of aluminium 1.35～1.43 kg, saponins air entraining agent in terms of saponin 0.23～0.27 kg, mixing water 1195～1285 kg.
Described foaming agent is one or more in metallic aluminium, zinc, the pulvis of magnesium or paste, the water-soluble aluminium powder cream of preferential selection.Described conditioning agent is gypsum.Described air entraining agent is saponins concrete air-entrainer, extracts from oil tea, soapberry, Chinese honey locust, the wood plant containing saponin(e such as peanut, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, and its main functional component is saponin.Described fine sand is one or more in sea sand, river sand, river sand, Machine-made Sand, Weathered Sand.
Mix Design is carried out with reference to " concrete admixture " (GB 8076-2008) specification and " normal concrete design discipline " (JGJ 55-2011).
The quality of aerated concrete products and measured performance parameter are carried out with reference to " autoclave aerated concrete building block " (GB 11968-2006) and " steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance " (GB 11969-2008).The saponin content of air entraining agent uses vanillic aldehyde-concentrated sulfuric acid colorimetric determination (application publication number CN 103466984 A).
Divergence is the parameter characterizing fluidity of slurry, uses cylinder mould determination method.By internal diameter 50 mm, the cylinder mould of highly 100 mm, it is placed in the cleaned glass plate center of horizontal positioned, after filling slurry, the most vertically mention cylinder mould, after slurry curtain coating is stable, measuring the extension diameter of two orthogonal directions of slurry, its mean value is exactly slurry divergence.
The mix-design of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example is shown in Table 1, and the Specifeca tion speeification of each goods collects and is shown in Table 2.
The each embodiment of table 1 and mix-design (mould internal volume 3.24 m of comparative example3)
The each embodiment of table 2 and the goods Specifeca tion speeification of comparative example
Embodiment
1
Fill a prescription by table 1, quantitatively weigh each raw material, first in casting pool, squeeze into Machine-made Sand and Weathered Sand mixture 1354 kg, gypsum 48 kg and surface water 850
Kg, stir evenly formation sand cream slurry, squeeze into lime 293 kg, cement 251 kg and surplus mixing water again, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature >=40 DEG C, then flowing adding water soluble aluminium powder cream (1.43 kg in terms of aluminium) and suspension that air entraining agent aqua (0.27 kg in terms of saponin) is formed, the stirring some time controls slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence >=36, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume3Mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stop the room maintenance some time, after base substrate meets solidification requirement, removing and quiet stop room, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the still kettle High Temperature Curing some time, makes acceleration generate hydrated minerals, promote the rear strength development of base substrate, goods are rested 7 days in warehouse after going out still, make B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.
After testing, casting process ratio of water to material reach 0.66, unit aluminium powder gas forming amount 0.913 m3/ kg, quiet stop maintenance after base substrate volume reach 3.31 m3, resulting product dry density 588 kg/m3, compression strength 5.12 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.40 mm, drying shrinkage value ＜ 0.45
Mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate ＜ 4.5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＜ 18%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＜ 0.15 W/(m K), qualification rate ＞ 97%, higher than the requirement of the B06 level autoclave aerated concrete building block high-class product that national standard is formulated.
Embodiment
2
Fill a prescription by table 1, quantitatively weigh each raw material, first in casting pool, squeeze into river sand 1339 kg, gypsum 49 kg and river 850
Kg, stir evenly formation sand cream slurry, squeeze into lime 273 kg, cement 270 kg and surplus mixing water again, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature >=40 DEG C, more directly pouring aluminium powder 1.41 kg and air entraining agent pulvis (0.25 kg in terms of saponin) into, the stirring some time controls slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence >=36, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume3Mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stop the room maintenance some time, after base substrate meets solidification requirement, removing and quiet stop room, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the still kettle High Temperature Curing some time, makes acceleration generate hydrated minerals, promote the rear strength development of base substrate, goods are rested 7 days in warehouse after going out still, make B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.
After testing, casting process ratio of water to material reach 0.64, unit aluminium powder gas forming amount 0.931 m3/ kg, base substrate volume reaches 3.26 m3, just expire mould, resulting product dry density 592 kg/m3, compression strength 5.16 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.45 mm, freeze rear mass loss rate ＜ 4.5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＜ 18%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＜ 0.15 W/(m K), qualification rate ＞ 97%.Compared with comparative example, ratio of water to material and the unit aluminium powder gas forming amount of casting process have been respectively increased 10.3% and 6.0%, and the volume of resulting product and compression strength have been respectively increased 6.7% and 10.7%, unit weight decreases 6.9%.These goods are environmental protection energy-saving type materials for wall, can be applicable to processing and the construction of the non-load bearing wall of building, wallboard and roof boarding, are the single materials for walls that can meet China's cold district more than 65% power conservation requirement.
Embodiment
3
Fill a prescription by table 1, quantitatively weigh each raw material, first in casting pool, squeeze into sea sand 1335 kg, gypsum 50 kg and seawater 850
Kg, stir evenly formation sand cream slurry, squeeze into lime 251 kg, cement 291 kg and surplus mixing water again, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature >=40 DEG C, then flowing the suspension that adding water soluble aluminium powder cream (1.35 kg in terms of aluminium), air entraining agent pulvis (0.23 kg in terms of saponin) and water 1.8 kg are formed, the stirring some time controls slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence >=36, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume3Mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stop the room maintenance some time, after base substrate meets solidification requirement, removing and quiet stop room, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the still kettle High Temperature Curing some time, makes acceleration generate hydrated minerals, promote the rear strength development of base substrate, goods are rested 7 days in warehouse after going out still, make B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.
After testing, casting process ratio of water to material reach 0.62, unit aluminium powder gas forming amount 0.983 m3/ kg, base substrate volume reaches 3.24 m3, resulting product dry density 596 kg/m3, compression strength 5.14 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.45 mm, freeze rear mass loss rate ＜ 4.5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＜ 18%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＜ 0.15 W/(m K), qualification rate ＞ 97%.
Comparative example
Fill a prescription by table 1, quantitatively weigh each raw material, first in casting pool, squeeze into river sand 1356 kg, gypsum 51
Kg and river 850 kg, stir evenly formation sand cream slurry, squeeze into lime 276 kg, cement 264 kg and surplus mixing water again, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature >=40 DEG C, more directly pouring aluminium powder 1.38 kg into, the stirring some time controls slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence >=36, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume3Mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stop the room maintenance some time, after base substrate meets solidification requirement, removing and quiet stop room, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the still kettle High Temperature Curing some time, makes acceleration generate hydrated minerals, promote the rear strength development of base substrate, goods are rested 7 days in warehouse after going out still, make B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.
After testing, under formulation condition same as in Example 2, when being not added with saponins air entraining agent, casting process ratio of water to material maximum can only achieve 0.58, exceedes this limit and there will be the mould that collapses, under optimum process state, and unit aluminium powder gas forming amount 0.878 m3/ kg, base substrate volume reaches 3.06 m3, still cannot expire mould, resulting product dry density 636 kg/m3, compression strength 4.66 MPa, pore average diameter ＞ 0.5 mm, drying shrinkage value ＞ 0.5 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate ＞ 5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＞ 20%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＞ 0.16 W/(m K), presentation quality qualification rate ＜ 94%, qualification rate ＜ 95%, can only achieve the requirement of the B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block certified products that national standard is formulated.
Above example is further intended to citing and describes the present invention rather than limit the present invention by any way.All impartial changes done according to present patent application scope and modification, or directly or indirectly it is used in other correlative technology field, the most in like manner it is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is added B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by saponins air entraining agent, it is characterized in that: in total siccative, the percentage by weight of each raw material is: cement 13～15%, lime 13～15%, fine sand 69～70%, foaming agent in terms of aluminium 0.070～0.075%, gypsum 2.45～2.60%, saponins concrete air-entrainer in terms of saponin 0.012～0.014%, the percentage by weight sum of each raw material is 100%；Mixing water and the weight ratio 0.62～0.66 of total siccative；
Dry density ＜ 596
kg/m3, compression strength ＞ 5.12 MPa, pore average diameter ＜ 0.45 mm, freeze rear mass loss rate ＜ 4.5%, freeze rear compression strength loss late ＜ 18%, dry state thermal conductivity factor ＜ 0.15 W m-1·K-1, job efficiency ＞ 97%, the requirement of B06 level autoclave aerated concrete building block high-class product formulated higher than national standard.
B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by interpolation saponins air entraining agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described foaming agent is one or both in the pulvis of metallic aluminium or paste.
B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by interpolation saponins air entraining agent the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described foaming agent is water-soluble aluminium powder cream.
B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by interpolation saponins air entraining agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fine sand is one or more in sea sand, river sand, river sand, Machine-made Sand, Weathered Sand.
B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by interpolation saponins air entraining agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: processing and the construction of the non-load bearing wall of building, wallboard and roof boarding it is applied to as environment-friendly and energy-efficient materials for wall.
B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block prepared by interpolation saponins air entraining agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after above-mentioned raw material are mixed, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, in advance form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance, go out still processing, prepare B06 level steam pressure sand aerated concrete block.
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Inventor after: Chen Jianfeng Inventor after: Chen Hao Inventor after: Li Na Inventor after: Wang Jimin Inventor before: Chen Jianfeng Inventor before: Chen Hao Inventor before: Li Na |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: CHEN JIANFENG CHEN HAO LI NA TO: CHEN JIANFENG CHEN HAO LI NA WANG JIMIN |
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