CN104129949B - A kind of matrix for GFRP reinforced concrete Crack Control and making method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of matrix for GFRP reinforced concrete Crack Control and making method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体，其组成及重量配比为：水泥15%~30%、水5%~15%、粉煤灰5%~15%、砂子20%~40%、石子15%~30%、减水剂0.1%~1%和改性聚丙烯单丝纤维0.23%~0.6%。还公开了一种用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体的制作方法，采用纤维先掺法，包括以下步骤：按重量配合比称量出所需的水泥、粉煤灰、砂子、粗骨料、减水剂和纤维；将砂子和粗骨料加入搅拌机，启动搅拌机，搅拌1-2分钟；再加入水泥和粉煤灰，搅拌1-2分钟后，边搅拌，边手动加入纤维，使纤维均匀分布；加完纤维后，再搅拌6分钟，使纤维分散均匀；将减水剂加入水中，适当搅拌，向搅拌桶里缓慢加水，加完水以后，再搅拌3-5分钟。本发明制成的基体有良好的和易性、粘聚性、保水性、可施工性好。
The invention relates to a matrix used for crack control of GFRP reinforced concrete. The composition and weight ratio are: 15%~30% of cement, 5%~15% of water, 5%~15% of fly ash, and 20%~ of sand 40%, stone 15%~30%, water reducer 0.1%~1%, and modified polypropylene monofilament fiber 0.23%~0.6%. Also disclosed is a method for making a matrix for crack control of GFRP reinforced concrete, which adopts the method of fiber mixing first, and includes the following steps: weighing out the required cement, fly ash, sand, coarse aggregate, Water reducer and fiber; add sand and coarse aggregate to the mixer, start the mixer, and stir for 1-2 minutes; then add cement and fly ash, stir for 1-2 minutes, and add fiber manually while stirring to make the fiber uniform Distribution; after adding the fiber, stir for another 6 minutes to disperse the fiber evenly; add the water reducer to the water, stir properly, slowly add water to the mixing tank, and stir for another 3-5 minutes after adding the water. The matrix made by the invention has good workability, cohesiveness, water retention and good constructability.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于筋混凝土裂缝控制的技术领域，具体而言涉及一种用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体及其制作方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of crack control in reinforced concrete, and in particular relates to a substrate for controlling cracks in GFRP reinforced concrete and a manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
FRP筋作为一种已经研究较为成熟的筋材，但国内在一些民用建筑、公共建筑中一直没有得到广泛的推广使用。然而FRP筋有着质量轻、抗拉强度高、抗腐蚀、耐疲劳及无需定期维护、好的耐久性和可靠性、抗电磁干扰等优势。但由于GFRP材料弹性模量仅40GPa左右，所以GFRP筋混凝土结构受力开裂裂缝过宽，难以满足现行规范要求，严重阻碍了该项技术在混凝土配筋应用方面的推广。然而，在混凝土添加纤维对延缓混凝土结构开裂及提高混凝土韧性有较好的作用。在国际上，通常制备ECC材料来改善基体材料的韧性，ECC通常是以水泥、粉煤灰、石英砂作为基体,用外添加剂和纤维做增强材料，在纤维体积掺量小于2%的情况下,其极限拉应变通常在3%~7%的范围内，但在推广上存在问题是性价比过低，只能在一些特殊建筑物中使用。按本发明制备的纤维混凝土比ECC材料每立方便宜300至500元,又能有效的控制GFRP筋混凝土裂缝开展，因此，研究GFRP纤维混凝土结构，对于推广GFRP材料的应用和对桥梁工程、港口码头未来建设有巨大的意义。国内对于GFRP筋混凝土结构研究，2000年高丹盈等人通过对62根GFRP筋混凝土梁和钢筋混凝土梁对比，得出配筋率对GFRP抗裂承载力的影响有限，但在配筋范围内抗弯承载力随着配筋率的增加而增加，并建立了抗裂弯矩和抗弯承载力的计算方法。2007年翁春光通过5根GFRP梁和1根钢筋混凝土梁的对比，得出了GFRP混凝土梁的设计一般受容许裂缝宽度及挠度的控制，提出了GFRP筋混凝土梁开裂弯矩公式。在公式推导中，把梁看出均质体，而GFRP筋弹性模量约为混凝土两倍，假设不尽合理。2011年周继凯、王海玲在《GFRP筋混凝土受弯构件设计方法试验研究》文章中建立了GFRP筋混凝土构件的力学特性，1）GFRP筋混凝土受弯构件正截面受弯破坏前有明显预兆，如挠度大、裂缝宽等，适筋配筋破坏过程中表现出了较好的延性。2）建立了GFRP筋混凝土受弯构件正截面承载力的计算公式、裂缝宽度计算公式、挠度计算公式及实用设计方法，建议正常使用极限状态以挠度值作为控制标准，为今后建立设计规程提供参考。3）指出采用面积等代方法设计GFRP筋混凝土受弯构件正截面承载能力是安全、高效的，给出了不满足正常使用极限状态时验算放宽标准。4）配箍率、剪跨比、纵筋配筋率是影响GFRP筋混凝土受弯构件斜截面抗剪承载力的主要因素，配箍率对承载力影响最大，剪跨比影响其破坏形式，抗剪承载力随着剪跨比的增大减小。5）建立了GFRP筋混凝土受弯构件斜截面承载力、裂缝宽度、开裂荷载的计算公式。6）进行了GFRP筋混凝土结构施工工艺探讨，指出了现场弯折加工注意因素，总结了GFRP筋直筋、弯曲筋的锚固长度和GFRP筋现场搭接长度设计参数。现有技术中对于研究GERP筋混凝土的裂缝控制措施研究不是很多。 As a well-researched reinforcement, FRP reinforcement has not been widely used in some civil buildings and public buildings in China. However, FRP bars have the advantages of light weight, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, no need for regular maintenance, good durability and reliability, and anti-electromagnetic interference. However, since the elastic modulus of GFRP material is only about 40GPa, the cracks of GFRP-reinforced concrete structures are too wide to meet the requirements of the current code, which seriously hinders the promotion of this technology in the application of concrete reinforcement. However, adding fiber to concrete has a good effect on delaying the cracking of concrete structure and improving the toughness of concrete. In the world, ECC materials are usually prepared to improve the toughness of matrix materials. ECC is usually based on cement, fly ash, and quartz sand, and external additives and fibers are used as reinforcement materials. When the fiber volume content is less than 2% , its ultimate tensile strain is usually in the range of 3% to 7%, but there is a problem in popularization that the cost performance is too low, and it can only be used in some special buildings. The fiber concrete prepared by the present invention is 300 to 500 yuan cheaper per cubic meter than ECC materials, and can effectively control the cracks in GFRP reinforced concrete to develop. Therefore, research on GFRP fiber concrete structures is useful for promoting the application of GFRP materials and for bridge engineering, port terminals Future construction has huge significance. For domestic research on GFRP reinforced concrete structures, Gao Danying et al. compared 62 GFRP reinforced concrete beams with reinforced concrete beams in 2000, and concluded that the effect of reinforcement ratio on GFRP crack resistance capacity is limited, but within the scope of reinforcement The flexural capacity increases with the increase of reinforcement ratio, and the calculation method of cracking moment and flexural capacity is established. In 2007, Weng Chunguang concluded that the design of GFRP concrete beams is generally controlled by the allowable crack width and deflection through the comparison of five GFRP beams and one reinforced concrete beam, and proposed the cracking moment formula of GFRP reinforced concrete beams. In the derivation of the formula, the beam is regarded as a homogeneous body, and the elastic modulus of GFRP tendons is about twice that of concrete, which is not a reasonable assumption. In 2011, Zhou Jikai and Wang Hailing established the mechanical properties of GFRP reinforced concrete members in the article "Experimental Research on the Design Method of GFRP Reinforced Concrete Flexural Members". large cracks, wide cracks, etc., showing good ductility in the failure process of suitable reinforcement. 2) Established the calculation formula of the normal section bearing capacity of GFRP reinforced concrete flexural members, crack width calculation formula, deflection calculation formula and practical design method. It is recommended that the limit state of normal service use the deflection value as the control standard to provide reference for the establishment of design regulations in the future . 3) It is pointed out that it is safe and efficient to use the area equivalent method to design the bearing capacity of the normal section of GFRP-reinforced concrete flexural members, and the relaxation standard for checking calculation is given when the normal service limit state is not satisfied. 4) Stirrup ratio, shear-span ratio, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio are the main factors affecting the shear capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete flexural members. The shear capacity decreases with the increase of the shear-span ratio. 5) The calculation formulas for the bearing capacity, crack width and cracking load of the oblique section of GFRP reinforced concrete flexural members are established. 6) Discuss the construction technology of GFRP reinforced concrete structure, point out the attention factors of on-site bending processing, and summarize the design parameters of the anchorage length of GFRP straight and curved reinforcement and the lap length of GFRP reinforcement on site. In the prior art, there are not many studies on the crack control measures of GERP reinforced concrete.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种能对GERP筋混凝土的裂缝做到很好控制的基体及其制备方法。 Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a matrix capable of well controlling the cracks of GERP reinforced concrete and a preparation method thereof.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：提供一种用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体，其组成及重量配比为：水泥15%~30%、水5%~15%、粉煤灰5%~15%、砂子20%~40%、粗骨料15%~30%、减水剂0.1%~1%和改性聚丙烯单丝纤维0.23%~0.6%。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: provide a kind of substrate for GFRP bar concrete crack control, its composition and weight ratio are: cement 15% ~ 30%, water 5% ~ 15%, pulverized coal Ash 5%~15%, sand 20%~40%, coarse aggregate 15%~30%, water reducing agent 0.1%~1% and modified polypropylene monofilament fiber 0.23%~0.6%.
进一步地，还包括粗骨料，所述粗骨料为连续连续级配，粒径范围为5~16mm，且每立方混凝土粗骨料掺量不超过560kg。 Further, it also includes coarse aggregate, the coarse aggregate is continuously graded, the particle size range is 5-16mm, and the amount of coarse aggregate per cubic concrete is not more than 560kg.
进一步地，所述减水剂为聚羧酸高效减水剂。 Further, the water reducer is a polycarboxylate high-efficiency water reducer.
进一步地，所述水泥和粉煤灰为胶凝材料，所述水与胶凝材料的质量比值在0.2~0.4。 Further, the cement and fly ash are cementitious materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the cementitious material is 0.2-0.4.
进一步地，所述基体的组成及重量配比为：水泥20.57%、水11.75%、粉煤灰8.81%、砂子34.72%、粗骨料23.11%、减水剂0.48%、改性聚丙烯单丝纤维0.56%。 Further, the composition and weight ratio of the matrix are: 20.57% cement, 11.75% water, 8.81% fly ash, 34.72% sand, 23.11% coarse aggregate, 0.48% water reducer, modified polypropylene monofilament Fiber 0.56%.
本发明提供的一种用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体的制作方法，采用纤维先掺法，包括以下步骤： A kind of preparation method of the substrate that is used for GFRP reinforced concrete crack control provided by the invention adopts fiber mixing method first, comprises the following steps:
步骤一、按重量配合比称量出所需的水泥、粉煤灰、砂子、粗骨料、减水剂和纤维； Step 1. Weigh out the required cement, fly ash, sand, coarse aggregate, water reducer and fiber according to the weight ratio;
步骤二、将砂子和粗骨料加入搅拌机，启动搅拌机，搅拌1-2分钟；再加入水泥和粉煤灰，搅拌1-2分钟后，边搅拌，边手动加入纤维，使纤维均匀分布；加完纤维后，再搅拌6分钟，使纤维分散均匀； Step 2: Add sand and coarse aggregate to the mixer, start the mixer, and stir for 1-2 minutes; then add cement and fly ash, and stir for 1-2 minutes, then manually add fibers while stirring to make the fibers evenly distributed; add After finishing the fiber, stir for another 6 minutes to make the fiber disperse evenly;
步骤三、将减水剂加入水中，适当搅拌，向搅拌桶里缓慢加水，加完水以后，再搅拌3-5分钟。 Step 3: Add the water reducer to the water, stir properly, slowly add water to the mixing tank, after adding the water, stir for another 3-5 minutes.
本发明的有益效果： Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、为GFRP筋混凝土梁的裂缝控制提供了一种解决方案，同时为GFRP筋在桥梁工程、港口码头工程中的推广起到了一定作用。 1. Provide a solution for the crack control of GFRP reinforced concrete beams, and play a certain role in the promotion of GFRP reinforced concrete beams in bridge engineering and port wharf engineering.
2、原料易得、成本较低。 2. The raw materials are easy to obtain and the cost is low.
聚丙烯纤维市场已经较为成熟，在国内就能买到，价格相对较低。本发明采用的基体组成有石子，在提高混凝土韧性，控制裂缝的前提下，相对ECC来说，成本大为降低。 The polypropylene fiber market is relatively mature and can be bought domestically at a relatively low price. The matrix used in the present invention consists of stones, and on the premise of improving the toughness of concrete and controlling cracks, compared with ECC, the cost is greatly reduced.
3、对加工环境及操作要求较低。 3. Lower requirements on processing environment and operation.
在进行GFRP筋混凝土材料基体制备中，与普通的混凝土制备环境相同，便于施工。 In the preparation of the GFRP reinforced concrete material matrix, the environment is the same as that of ordinary concrete preparation, which is convenient for construction.
4、按本发明制成的基体有良好的和易性、粘聚性、保水性、可施工性好。 4. The matrix made according to the invention has good workability, cohesiveness, water retention and good constructability.
5、本发明制成的基体对GFRP筋混凝土材料有着良好的抗裂、限裂作用，且有较好的韧性。 5. The matrix made by the present invention has good crack resistance and crack limit effects on GFRP reinforced concrete materials, and has good toughness.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是GFRP筋普通混凝土梁的正截面抗弯实验裂缝与荷载的关系曲线图； Fig. 1 is the curve diagram of the relationship between the crack and the load of the normal section flexural test of the GFRP reinforced ordinary concrete beam;
图2是GFRP筋纤维混凝土梁的正截面抗弯实验裂缝与荷载关系图； Figure 2 is a diagram of the relationship between the crack and the load of the normal section flexural test of the GFRP reinforced fiber reinforced concrete beam;
图3是本发明的纤维先掺法流程图； Fig. 3 is that fiber of the present invention blends method flow chart earlier;
图4是本发明的GFRP筋纤维混凝土裂缝发展图形。 Fig. 4 is the crack development graph of the GFRP bar fiber reinforced concrete of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的和技术方案更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。 In order to make the purpose and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语（包括技术术语和科学术语）具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非像这里一样定义，不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。 Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art, and unless defined as herein, are not to be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense Explanation.
本发明中所述的“和/或”的含义指的是各自单独存在或两者同时存在的情况均包括在内。 The meaning of "and/or" in the present invention means that each exists alone or both are included.
本发明中所述的“内、外”的含义指的是相对于设备本身而言，指向设备内部的方向为内，反之为外，而非对本发明的装置机构的特定限定。 The meanings of "inside and outside" in the present invention refer to that relative to the device itself, the direction pointing to the inside of the device is inward, and vice versa, it is not a specific limitation to the device mechanism of the present invention.
本发明中所述的“左、右”的含义指的是阅读者正对附图时，阅读者的左边即为左，阅读者的右边即为右，而非对本发明的装置机构的特定限定。 The meaning of "left and right" mentioned in the present invention means that when the reader is facing the drawings, the left side of the reader is the left, and the right side of the reader is the right, rather than a specific limitation to the device mechanism of the present invention .
本发明中所述的“连接”的含义可以是部件之间的直接连接也可以是部件间通过其它部件的间接连接。 The meaning of "connection" in the present invention may be a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.
由图1、图2可以看出按本发明制备GFRP筋纤维混凝土起到了良好的控制裂缝发展的作用；图4为按本发明最佳基体配合比制作的GFRP筋纤维混凝土梁做正截面受弯实验的裂缝发展图形，由图可以看出其裂缝细而密，有效的提高了梁的韧性，裂缝得到有效控制。 As can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the preparation of GFRP reinforced fiber concrete by the present invention has played a good role in controlling the development of cracks; Fig. 4 is that the GFRP reinforced fiber reinforced concrete beam made by the best matrix mix ratio of the present invention is subjected to bending in normal section The crack development graph of the experiment shows that the cracks are thin and dense, which effectively improves the toughness of the beam and effectively controls the cracks.
本发明的用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体配合比及其制作方法的基体组成及重量配比：水泥15%~30%、水5%~15%、粉煤灰5%~15%、砂子20%~40%、粗骨料15%~30%、减水剂0.1%~1%、改性聚丙烯单丝纤维0.23%~0.6%。 The matrix composition and weight proportion of the matrix mix ratio for crack control of GFRP bar concrete and the manufacturing method of the present invention: 15%~30% of cement, 5%~15% of water, 5%~15% of fly ash, sand 20%~40%, coarse aggregate 15%~30%, water reducing agent 0.1%~1%, modified polypropylene monofilament fiber 0.23%~0.6%.
减水剂为聚羧酸高效减水剂。 The water reducer is a polycarboxylate high-efficiency water reducer.
本发明基体组成中，粗骨料为连续级配，粒径范围为5~16mm，且每立方混凝土掺量不超过560kg。 In the matrix composition of the present invention, the coarse aggregate is continuously graded, the particle size ranges from 5 to 16 mm, and the amount of concrete per cubic meter does not exceed 560 kg.
本发明基体组成中，改性聚丙烯单丝纤维的最佳体积掺量为0.7%~1.2%。 In the matrix composition of the present invention, the optimum volume content of the modified polypropylene monofilament fiber is 0.7% to 1.2%.
如图3所示，本发明一种专用于GFRP筋混凝土裂缝控制的基体配合比及其制作方法的基体制备过程，采用先掺纤维法，具体步骤为： As shown in Fig. 3, a kind of matrix preparation process of the present invention is specially used in the matrix mix ratio of GFRP reinforced concrete crack control and its preparation method, adopts the method of mixing fiber first, and concrete steps are:
步骤A、按GFRP筋混凝土基体重量配合比称量出所需的水泥、粉煤灰、砂子、粗骨料、减水剂、纤维。 Step A. Weigh out the required cement, fly ash, sand, coarse aggregate, water reducer, and fiber according to the weight ratio of the GFRP reinforced concrete matrix.
步骤B、将重量配比依次为34.72%、23.11%的砂子、粗骨料加入搅拌机，启动搅拌机，搅拌1~2分钟，再加入重量配比分别为11.75%、8.81%的水泥、粉煤灰，搅拌1~2分钟后，边搅拌，边手动向里面加入重量配比为0.56%的纤维，尽量使纤维能够均匀分布，加完纤维后，再干拌6分钟，使纤维能够分散均匀，若搅拌量较大，适当加长时间。 Step B. Add sand and coarse aggregate with a weight ratio of 34.72% and 23.11% to the mixer, start the mixer, stir for 1 to 2 minutes, and then add cement and fly ash with a weight ratio of 11.75% and 8.81% respectively , after stirring for 1~2 minutes, while stirring, manually add fibers with a weight ratio of 0.56% to it, try to make the fibers evenly distributed, after adding the fibers, dry mix for 6 minutes, so that the fibers can be dispersed evenly, if The amount of stirring is large, and the time should be extended appropriately.
步骤C、将重量配比为0.48%的减水剂加入重量配比为11.75%的水中，适当搅拌，向搅拌桶里缓慢加水，加完水以后，再搅拌3~5分钟即可。 Step C. Add 0.48% water reducing agent by weight to water with 11.75% weight ratio, stir properly, slowly add water to the mixing tank, after adding water, stir for 3~5 minutes.
我们通过将纤维混凝土与GFRP筋相结合，利用纤维混凝土的高韧性，起到抗裂、限裂的作用。纤维混凝土的抗裂性能与纤维掺量有关系，本发明将给出GFRP筋混凝土基体的最佳纤维掺量范围。本发明在基体中掺入了粗骨料，从而降低了造价，但是需要控制粗骨料连续级配的粒径范围及每立方最大掺量，本发明也将给出。 By combining fiber concrete with GFRP bars, we utilize the high toughness of fiber concrete to play the role of crack resistance and crack limitation. The anti-crack performance of fiber concrete is related to the fiber content, and the present invention will provide the optimum fiber content range of the GFRP reinforced concrete matrix. The present invention mixes coarse aggregate into the matrix, thereby reducing the cost, but it is necessary to control the particle size range of the continuous gradation of coarse aggregate and the maximum dosage per cubic meter, which will also be given in the present invention.
本发明通过对GFRP混凝土基体配合比的改进及其制备方法的调整，既能使基体具有好的和易性、粘聚性和保水性，又能有效的控制裂缝发展，且价格低廉，从而具有可靠地施工性，也有效地提高了GFRP筋混凝土材料的抗裂、限裂能力，以正常使用极限状态为标准，为GFRP筋混凝土材料的推广有很大意义。 Through the improvement of the mix ratio of the GFRP concrete matrix and the adjustment of the preparation method, the present invention can not only make the matrix have good workability, cohesion and water retention, but also effectively control the development of cracks, and the price is low, so it has the advantages of Reliable constructability also effectively improves the crack resistance and crack limiting ability of GFRP reinforced concrete materials. Taking the normal service limit state as the standard, it is of great significance for the promotion of GFRP reinforced concrete materials.
本发明所使用的水泥、粉煤灰和砂子在建材市场即可买到；本发明的减水剂为普通的化工原料，在市场上即可买到；本发明所使用的聚丙烯纤维采用的是北京中纺纤建改性聚丙烯单丝纤维，也在市场上可买到；本发明采用的GFRP筋为普通玻璃纤维筋，在市场上即可买到。 The cement, fly ash and sand used in the present invention can be bought in the building materials market; the water reducing agent of the present invention is a common chemical raw material and can be bought in the market; the polypropylene fiber used in the present invention is It is a modified polypropylene monofilament fiber built by Beijing Zhongfang Fiber, which is also available on the market; the GFRP bar used in the present invention is an ordinary glass fiber bar, which is available on the market.
以上仅为本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些均属于本发明的保护范围。 The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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