CN104123558B - Multi-source distributed remote sensing discrimination method and system for geothermal resources - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multisource distributed remote sensing discrimination method and a multisource distributed remote sensing discrimination system for geothermal resources, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a data acquisition step, which is used for acquiring multi-source remote sensing image data; the data processing step comprises the steps of obtaining temperature color coding image information by processing multispectral remote sensing image data through a temperature and emissivity separation algorithm, color coding and imaging; establishing a geological structure interpretation mark of geothermal resources for radar remote sensing image data and carrying out geological structure interpretation; establishing a remote sensing stratum lithology interpretation mark for the high-resolution remote sensing image data and carrying out remote sensing stratum lithology interpretation; and a data integration step, namely, overlapping, projection transformation and registration are carried out on the three paths of information obtained in the data processing step, the position of the geothermal resource is obtained through integration, and multi-source distributed remote sensing judgment of the geothermal resource is realized. The method realizes accurate judgment of geothermal resources by processing, interpreting and integrating multi-source remote sensing image data.

Description

The distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources and system

Technical field

The present invention relates to remote sensing technology and application field, the distributed remote sensing of particularly a kind of multi-source suitable for geothermal energy resources Method of discrimination and system.

Background technology

Geothermal energy resources are a kind of novel energy that can be regenerated and reuse and resource, it is considered that geothermal energy resources originate from Decayed in Earth lava and radioactive element.Ground water circulation, capillarity and fracture, magmatic activity etc. can be heat Earth's surface can be taken to from underground, form thermal gradient in earth's surface and underground certain depth area, detected using remote sensing techniques The parameter of terrestrial materials thermal emissivity and temperature, using temperature and the emissivity separation algorithm of thermal infrared remote sensing, can quickly be examined Surface temperature is surveyed, and remote sensing techniques can be with quick detection surface temperature, by surface condition less-restrictive and information content Huge precision is higher, can be good at applying among geothermal energy resources investigation.Remote sensing techniques are progressively applied in underground heat In exploration, geothermal discrepancy can be found on certain space scale using remote sensing techniques.Many underground heat all with geology Construction is relevant, and geological structure is the important content for studying underground heat.It is remote sensing geology using remote sensing technology technique study geological structure One of important content of work.Active fault of certain scale, can cut wrong stratum, or control deposition and its magma spray Hair, or along break to form various tectonic landforms and control the landforms difference of both sides, wrench deformation it is synchronous with water system transfer Deng.Therefore, their active state, can be judged on satellite image by information from objective pattern and hue information.And Radar has certain penetrability, and work in recent years shows, Radar Technology has very important in geographical structure interpreting Effect.Radar Technology is mainly used in the geologic surveys such as research, lithology and the geological structure of geological movement, geological process in recent years Analysis, the research of exterior planets, the research of geology of mineral deposit, in terms of the application of geological disaster.

The Remote Sensing Study of existing geological resource is used for GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION and the temperature interpretation of multi-spectral remote sensing image data The supposition mode that be combined with each other is carried out, and the main shortcoming of these technologies is as follows：(1) geology solution is carried out using remote sensing image data The rift structure translated is the rift structure that can be seen on surface, can not often be solved for the thicker fracture of buried depth, macrotectonics Translate.And often buried depth is larger for many constructions relevant with geothermal energy resources, therefore, practical application effect is undesirable；(2) it is conventional Showed using remote sensing techniques come main in the form of image pixel, to carry out imaging importing, fit with other data deposit In certain difficulty；(3) conventional remote Sensing Interpretation often uses single source data, and there is remote sensing image data can not mutually test The problem of card.

The content of the invention

The present invention is be combined with each other for prior art by GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION and the temperature interpretation of multi-spectral remote sensing image data Supposition mode carry out the Remote Sensing Studies of geothermal energy resources and be only capable of obtaining the rift structure of earth's surface and cause that application effect is undesirable, remote sensing The problem of view data can not be mutually authenticated and recognition accuracy is low is sentenced there is provided a kind of distributed remote sensing of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources Other method, passes through the accurate differentiation to the processing of multi-source Remote Sensing Images data, interpretation and integration realization geothermal energy resources.The present invention is also It is related to a kind of distributed remote sensing judgement system of multi-source of geothermal energy resources.

Technical scheme is as follows：

The distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of a kind of geothermal energy resources, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the steps：

Data acquisition step, for carrying out multi-source Remote Sensing Images data acquisition, the multi-source Remote Sensing Images data include many Spectral remote sensing view data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data；

Data processing step, including by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm light more is obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data The temperature value of spectrum remote sensing data, then by temperature value change into after thermoisopleth variable carry out coloud coding and into figure processing obtain temperature Coloud coding image information；SAR image data are interfered and phase unwrapping handles and sets up the geology of geothermal energy resources Construction interpretation mark and progress geographical structure interpreting；It is prominent by polynary color transformation technology to high-resolution remote sensing image data Go out the difference of Spectral Characteristic between the useful information in view data and clearly different atural objects, and set up the interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology Mark and progress remote sensing formation lithology interpretation；

Data integration step, the temperature coloud coding image information that data processing step is obtained, geographical structure interpreting and The interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, is integrated the position of geothermal energy resources, is realized geothermal energy resources Multi-source distribution remote sensing differentiates.

Light more is obtained by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm to multi-spectral remote sensing image data in data processing step The temperature value of spectrum remote sensing data inverting, then changed into temperature value after thermoisopleth variable by multi-fractal method or Kriging method will The thermoisopleth variable is corresponding with coordinate and carries out coloud coding and obtains temperature coloud coding image information into figure processing.

It is to radar return according to SAR image data earth observation feature and fracture in data processing step Feature sets up the geological fracture construction interpretation mark of geothermal energy resources, and according to the geological fracture structure of image texture characteristic progress depth Interpretation is made, the geological fracture construction interpretation is included to water guide fracture and the interpretation of heat conduction rupture.

The polynary color transformation technology that high-resolution remote sensing image data are used is included using in data processing step Minimal noise separates converter technique and remote sensing images lithology enhancing technology, and high-resolution is judged using minimal noise separation converter technique Noise in the wave band number of rate remote sensing image data and separation high-resolution remote sensing image data is to protrude having in view data With information, using Spectral Characteristic between clearly different atural objects by the way of remote sensing images lithology strengthens technology by accumulation histogram Difference.

It is according to stratum, the reflectance spectrum of lithology and the shape in high-resolution remote sensing image data in data processing step Into characteristic feature analysis set up respectively different times stratum, magma layer and construction remote sensing formation lithology interpret mark, according to Strong point is carried out to line to the attributive classification for passing stratum, intrusive rock, rift structure and ring image in principle of face and peripheral expansion Remote sensing formation lithology is interpreted.

The multi-source data for the vector quantization that the data integration step is obtained data processing step using GIS technology is folded Plus, projective transformation and registration, it is integrated to carry and by intersecting analytic approach or techniques of discriminant analysis or weighted superposition analytic approach integrated treatment Take the heat conduction of geothermal energy resources and the position of permeable structure.

The distributed remote sensing judgement system of the multi-source of a kind of geothermal energy resources, it is characterised in that the data including being sequentially connected are obtained Device, data processing equipment and data integrating device are taken,

Data acquisition facility, for carrying out multi-source Remote Sensing Images data acquisition, the multi-source Remote Sensing Images data include many Spectral remote sensing view data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data；

Data processing equipment, including be connected with data acquisition facility the first data processing equipment, the second data processing Device and the 3rd data processing equipment, first data processing equipment pass through temperature and transmitting to multi-spectral remote sensing image data Rate separation algorithm obtains the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, then temperature value is changed into coloud coding is carried out after thermoisopleth variable Temperature coloud coding image information is obtained with into figure processing；Second data processing equipment is carried out to SAR image data Interference and phase unwrapping handle and set up the geographical structure interpreting mark of geothermal energy resources and carry out geographical structure interpreting；Described Three data processing equipments protrude useful in view data to high-resolution remote sensing image data by polynary color transformation technology The difference of Spectral Characteristic between information and clearly different atural objects, and with setting up remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark and progress remote sensing Layer lithology interpretation；

Data integration device, is connected with first, second, and third data processing equipment respectively, for by temperature coloud coding Image information, geographical structure interpreting and the interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology are overlapped, projective transformation and registration, integrate underground heat money The position in source, realizes that the distributed remote sensing of multi-source of geothermal energy resources differentiates.

First data processing equipment is obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm The temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data inverting, then temperature value is changed into by thermoisopleth variable by multi-fractal method or Kriging method Afterwards by the thermoisopleth variable it is corresponding with coordinate and carry out coloud coding and into figure processing obtain temperature coloud coding image letter Breath.

Second data processing equipment is that radar is returned according to SAR image data earth observation feature and fracture The feature of ripple sets up the geological fracture construction interpretation mark of geothermal energy resources, and breaks according to the geology that image texture characteristic carries out depth Split and construct interpretation, the geological fracture construction interpretation is included to water guide fracture and the interpretation of heat conduction rupture.

The polynary color transformation technology that 3rd data processing equipment is used to high-resolution remote sensing image data includes Converter technique and remote sensing images lithology enhancing technology are separated using minimal noise, judge high using minimal noise separation converter technique Noise in the wave band numbers of resolution remote sensing images data and separation high-resolution remote sensing image data is to protrude in view data Useful information, it is special using wave spectrum between clearly different atural objects by the way of remote sensing images lithology strengthens technology by accumulation histogram The difference levied；

And/or, the 3rd data processing equipment be according to the stratum in high-resolution remote sensing image data, lithology it is anti- Penetrate spectrum and the remote sensing formation lithology solution on the stratum of different times, magma layer and construction is set up in the characteristic feature formed analysis respectively Mark is translated, according to point to line to face and the attribute for passing stratum, intrusive rock, rift structure and ring image in principle of peripheral expansion Classification carries out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation.

The multi-source data information for the vector quantization that the data integration device is obtained data processing equipment using GIS technology is entered Row superposition, projective transformation and registration, and pass through intersecting analytic approach or techniques of discriminant analysis or weighted superposition analytic approach integrated treatment, collection Into the heat conduction for extracting geothermal energy resources and the position of permeable structure.

The technique effect of the present invention is as follows：

The present invention relates to a kind of distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources, realized by data acquisition step many The multi-source Remote Sensing Images data of spectral remote sensing view data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data are obtained Take, data processing step carries out data processing for different remote sensing image datas, and temperature is passed through to multi-spectral remote sensing image data Degree and emissivity separation algorithm obtain the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, then temperature value is changed into progress after thermoisopleth variable Coloud coding and into figure processing obtain temperature coloud coding image information；SAR image data are interfered and phase solution Twine the geographical structure interpreting mark for handling and setting up geothermal energy resources and carry out geographical structure interpreting；To high-resolution remote sensing image Data protrude Spectral Characteristic between the useful information in view data and clearly different atural objects by polynary color transformation technology Difference, and set up remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark and carry out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation；In data integration step to temperature Coloud coding image information, geographical structure interpreting and the interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology are overlapped, projective transformation and registration, realize ground The distributed remote sensing of the multi-source of thermal resource differentiates.The present invention is to obtaining the temperature value of multi-spectral remote sensing image data and carrying out colored volume Code and into figure processing, realizes the coloud coding of the vector quantization of IRMSS thermal band, it is to avoid prior art image pixel Form performance IRMSS thermal band causes to carry out the problem of fit has difficulties with other data；The present invention is by high-resolution Rate remote sensing image data is by polynary color transformation and sets up remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark, and to SAR image number According to processing and geographical structure interpreting mark, and top layer and the depth interpretation of the geological fracture construction of geothermal energy resources are realized, to bury The identification of the construction of deep thicker geothermal energy resources provides foundation, it is to avoid prior art can be seen just for surface Rift structure progress supposition mode, which is interpreted, causes the problem of practical application effect is undesirable.The present invention, which is solved, is hidden in covering Under conformation identification it is difficult the problem of, pass through the top layer that geothermal energy resources are carried out with geological fracture and depth interpreted, coordinate temperature color Color coded image information, enters the comprehensive integrated processing of superposition of row information, integrates the position of geothermal energy resources, fast and effeciently know Other geothermal energy resources, the acquisition and data processing of multi-source Remote Sensing Images data avoid prior art to be existed using only single source data It can realize and be mutually authenticated between the drawbacks of remote sensing image data can not be mutually authenticated, multi-source Remote Sensing Images data, improve ground There is provided reconnoitre and work arrangement foundation for the degree of accuracy of the identification of thermal resource.

Obtained the invention further relates to a kind of distributed remote sensing judgement system of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources, including the data being sequentially connected Device, data processing equipment and data integrating device are taken, data acquisition facility can be obtained at multi-source Remote Sensing Images data, data Device is managed by internal the first data processing equipment, the second data processing equipment and the 3rd data processing equipment to multi-source remote sensing View data carries out the coloud coding of different processing, interpretation and temperature information and into figure respectively, and data integration device is final A variety of data are overlapped with the accurate differentiation that geothermal energy resources are realized in integrated processing.The system is directed to the deep layer of geothermal energy resources Geographical structure interpreting, remote sensing formation lithology interpretation and earth's surface the coloud coding image information relevant with temperature identification, it is right The information relevant with geothermal energy resources that multi-source Remote Sensing Images data are hidden is disclosed and integrated treatment, realizes geothermal energy resources Multi-source remote sensing differentiates, many technical matters of the remote sensing exploration for geothermal energy resources can be efficiently solved, at system Achievement is simple after reason, and recognition accuracy is high, using the operation for above meeting enterprise work, can provide and refer to for the delineation of early stage mineral rights Lead with later stage work arrangement and reconnoitre offer important technology data.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of multi-source of geothermal energy resources of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that the temperature obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data processing in the data processing step of the inventive method is colored Code pattern.

Fig. 3 is the geological fracture structure obtained to SAR image data processing in the data processing step of the inventive method Make interpretation result figure.

Fig. 4 is the remote sensing that is obtained to high-resolution remote sensing image data processing in the data processing step of the inventive method Layer lithology interpretation result figure.

Fig. 5 is that the distributed remote sensing of multi-source of geothermal energy resources differentiates result figure.

Fig. 6 is geothermal energy resources prognostic chart.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the distributed remote sensing judgement system of multi-source of geothermal energy resources of the present invention.

Embodiment

The present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a kind of distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources, the flow of this method as shown in figure 1, Comprise the steps：

Data acquisition step, for carrying out multi-source Remote Sensing Images data acquisition, the multi-source Remote Sensing Images data include many Spectral remote sensing view data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data.Wherein, multi-spectral remote sensing image number According to such as ASTER remote sensing image datas, may be selected it is cloudless, without snow, vegetation be less, day and night temperature converts little winter data；Thunder Up to remote sensing image data such as PALSAR SAR images data, a pair of radar datas, horizontal base line and vertical parallax may be selected Less data；The high-resolution remote sensing images such as high-resolution remote sensing image data such as GEOEYE, QUICKBIRD, WORLDVIEW Data, may be selected it is cloudless, without snow, vegetative coverage few autumn or spring data.

Data processing step, including by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm light more is obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data The temperature value of spectrum remote sensing data, then by temperature value change into after thermoisopleth variable carry out coloud coding and into figure processing obtain temperature Coloud coding image information；SAR image data are interfered and phase unwrapping handles and sets up the geology of geothermal energy resources Construction interpretation mark and progress geographical structure interpreting；It is prominent by polynary color transformation technology to high-resolution remote sensing image data Go out the difference of Spectral Characteristic between the useful information in view data and clearly different atural objects, and set up the interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology Mark and progress remote sensing formation lithology interpretation.

Data integration step, the temperature coloud coding image information that data processing step is obtained, geographical structure interpreting and The interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, is integrated the position of geothermal energy resources, is realized geothermal energy resources Multi-source distribution remote sensing differentiates.

The distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of the geothermal energy resources of the present invention is directed to other methods and tends not to solution Certainly area of coverage tectonic information, the problem of geothermal energy resources identification being hidden under thick covering is difficult, are distributed using the remote sensing of multi-source Formula is identified as core methed, mainly enters row constraint to multi-source Remote Sensing Images data, pair heat transfer structure relevant with geothermal energy resources It is identified with permeable structure, and the coloud coding of the Thermal Infrared Data progress vector quantization in multi-spectral remote sensing image data, The information relevant with geothermal energy resources hidden to remotely-sensed data is disclosed and integrated treatment, is especially disclosed and is hidden in thick covering The degree of accuracy there is provided identification is mutually authenticated in tectonic information under thing, progress multi-source Remote Sensing Images data, is that a kind of underground heat that is directed to is provided The state-of-the-art technology that source remote sensing differentiates, can effectively and rapidly recognizing geothermal energy resources, there is provided reconnoitre and work arrangement foundation.It is right below The specific steps of the distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of the geothermal energy resources of the present invention are described in detail.

Multi-spectral remote sensing image data, SAR image data and high-definition remote sensing figure are obtained in data acquisition step As after data, data processing step can be understood as completing the processing of different pieces of information according to three branches respectively.

First, first branch is to carry out data processing to multi-spectral remote sensing image data, is separated by temperature and emissivity Algorithm obtains the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, and the temperature value is preferably the temperature value of inverting, then by multi-fractal method or Temperature value is changed into thermoisopleth variable by Kriging method, then by thermoisopleth variable it is corresponding with coordinate and carry out coloud coding and Temperature coloud coding image information is obtained into figure processing.It is specific as follows：

1st, the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, the separation of abbreviation temperature are obtained by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm.Temperature The principle of degree and emissivity separation algorithm is to estimate surface temperature value using NEM normalized emission rates algorithm, calculates 10-14 five Individual wave band greatest irradiation value, emissivity removes sky background radiation from descending sky radiation using iterative algorithm, final inverting Temperature range precision is in ± 1.5K, and emissivity precision is ± 0.015.Thermal Infrared Data in Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data is used Following two formula separate to enter trip temperature and emissivity：

Wherein：T is temperature, and λ is the wavelength of Thermal Infrared Data, and ε is emissivity, c₁, c₂For constant, c₁=3.74818 × 10^-4Wμm², c₂=1.43878 × 10⁴Kμm；R is spectral radiance, can be calculated by formula below：

QCAL is the actual emanations of Thermal Infrared Data, LMIN_λSpectral radiance value when being QCAL=0, LMAX_λIt is in QCAL =QCALMAX spectral radiance value, QCALMAX is the image radiation value of data.

Special instruction, by contrasting the otherness of inverting temperature and observed temperature, using linear regression method to anti- Temperature and observed temperature trend analysis are drilled, can be drawn from trend analysis and linear relationship, it is anti-using thermal infrared reconnoitring area The temperature drilled is with being consistent in observed temperature general trend, and observed temperature and inverting temperature linearity correlation are very good, So the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data inverting disclosure satisfy that actual calculating needs.

2nd, temperature value is changed into by thermoisopleth variable by multi-fractal method and Kriging method.Because said temperature value be with The form of grating image or temperature pattern is present, and carries out vector quantization according to coordinate pair grating image, that is, temperature pattern is become Change thermoisopleth variable into：

1) coordinate and temperature value each put on temperature pattern are listed, VectorLayer, as point vector is formed

P(T)_{I, j}=(x_{I, j}, y_{I, j}, T_{I, j})

x_{I, j}For the row of temperature pattern i-th, the coordinate value of jth row, T_{I, j}For the row of image i-th, the calculating temperature value of jth row. 1< i<m,1<j<N, m and n are temperature pattern ranks maximum.

2) extreme difference calculates and vector point is calculated according to extreme difference

1. extreme difference calculating is carried out by following formula：

In formula, T is obtained temperature data calculated above, T_i,jFor the i-th row in temperature data T, the actual temp of jth row Value, 1<i<m,1<j<N, m and n are temperature pattern ranks maximum.

2. extreme difference R (T) absolute value is judged | R (T) |, if extreme difference differs larger use multi-fractal method, extreme difference difference Smaller use Kriging method；Extreme difference judgement can be carried out by specific numerical value ε, if | R (T) |>ε, using multi-fractal method, such as Really | R (T) |<ε, using Kriging method.

A, multi-fractal method

Temperature pattern is seen as a spatial sequence (setting m rows n row) per a line (or each row), each sequence is obtained T_iIndividual extreme difference and standard deviation, set up R (T_i)/S(T_i)、T_iData pair, ifScatterplot be distributed in one Near straight line, then the slope of the straight line is Hurst Exponent a_iThat is, Fractal Dimension.

(a1) dimension of each row (column) is first calculated, step is as follows：

Per a line (line number i) extreme difference：

T_jFor the temperature value of j-th of data of the i-th row, n is maximum columns.

Per a line (line number i) standard deviation：

Extreme difference and standard deviation scatterplot relation are set up,

a_iFor row point dimension, T_jFor the temperature value of j-th of data of the i-th row, n is maximum columns.

Row point dimension b can similarly be calculated_j。

(a2) a point dimension matrix is set up, element is

d_{I, j}=(a_i, b_j) i=1,2 ... m；J=1,2 ... n

(a3) the total dimension A of row is calculated

Wherein

I is line number.

The total dimension B of row can similarly be calculated

(a4) point dimensional vector distance of each unit is calculated

To every bit T_{I, j}Distance carry out calculating Δ d_ij, draw thermoisopleth variable.

B, Krieger processing method

Kriging method is a kind of method for carrying out unbiased optimal estimation to regionalized variable in finite region.

According to the temperature value image T above calculated, certain point T is calculated_{I, j}Neighbouring n temperature value is expressed as T_{I, j} (x_k), k=1 ..., n.

(b1) calculate and expect and covariance

Mathematic expectaion vector m (x)

Calculate covariance c (x)

(T_{I, j}(x_k)-m(x))^TFor (T_{I, j}(x_k)-m (x)) and transposed vector.

(b2) unbiasedness is calculated

Namely

λ_kTo be to be evaluated.

(b3) optimality is calculated

Under the conditions of unbiasedness is met, variance

Build Lagrange's equation

μ and λ_kTo be to be evaluated, μ and λ are asked to F respectively_kDerivative and make its be 0.Kriging formula can namely be obtained Group.

(b4) Kriging formula is calculated

(b5) row interpolation is entered

Calculating field kriging analysis method

To the field T of each point_{I, j}(x) all enter row interpolation, draw thermoisopleth variable.

3rd, by thermoisopleth variable it is corresponding with coordinate and carry out coloud coding and into figure processing

According to the conversion of above Krieger or multi-fractal conversion, thermoisopleth variable T is drawn_{I, j}Or Δ d (x)_ijUtilize T_{I, j}Unified representation, i.e. T_{I, j}Represent T_{I, j}Or Δ d (x)_ij.On remote sensing images, according to calculating at every in coordinate correspondence image Temperature value, and temperature value is carried out colored assignment by height：

1) list each point coordinates and calculate temperature value, form VectorLayer

(x₁,y₁,T₁₁), (x₂,y₂,T₂₂) ..., (x_m,y_n,T_mn)

x₁,...,x_nIt is the X-axis coordinate value of image, y₁,...,y_nFor the Y-axis coordinate value of image, T₁₁,...,T_mnFor temperature Value.

2) coordinate is sorted out by the value of thermoisopleth variable, i.e., answered thermoisopleth variable and coordinate pair, that is, work as temperature When spending isopleth equal to some value, the coordinate of this all temperature value is extracted.

If T_ij=T₁, then,

(x_i1,y_j1,T₁),(x_i2,y_j2,T₁) ..., (x_im,y_jn,T₁)

x_i1,...,x_imFor the X-axis coordinate value of the image of extraction, y_i1,...,y_jnFor the Y-axis coordinate value of the image of extraction.

Array representation is used above-listed

Denotation coordination has specific temperature value relevant.

3) x_i1,...,x_imAnd y_i1,...,y_jnLine is carried out, and puts on temperature value, that is, coordinate (x_i1, y_i1) ..., (x_im, y_jn) be attached with lines.

4) according to above-mentioned steps, temperature interval is Δ T, to minimum temperature value MIN (T_{I, j}), MIN (T_{I, j})+Δ T, MIN (T_{I, j})+2 Δ T ..., until maximum temperature value MAX (T_{I, j}) similar processing is carried out, can be to two difference Δ T temperature etc. Value of color is assigned between value line, so as to realize coloud coding and into figure processing, temperature coloud coding image letter as shown in Figure 2 is obtained Breath.Gray-scale map is shown in Fig. 2, each region is divided by temperature isopleth, for example, region shown in label A be 24.7- 25.0 DEG C, region shown in label B is 24.1-24.4 DEG C, and region shown in label C is 25.0-25.3 DEG C, region shown in label D It it is 25.3-25.6 DEG C, region shown in label E is 25.9-26.2 DEG C, region shown in label F is 24.4-24.7 DEG C etc..

2nd, second branch is SAR image data to be interfered and phase unwrapping processing, and distant according to radar The geographical structure interpreting mark of geothermal energy resources is set up in sense view data earth observation feature and fracture to the feature of radar return, and The geological fracture construction interpretation of depth is carried out according to image texture characteristic, the geological fracture construction interpretation includes being broken water guide With the interpretation of heat conduction rupture.Wherein, the detailed step that interference and phase unwrapping are handled is as follows：

The time difference that interferometer radar is passed by twice using sensor calculates, away from ground apart from R₁And R₂Difference can utilize phase Potential difference φ is measured, and an image value is multiplied by the value of complex conjugate another image, so as to form interference.GDEM can be utilized Or SRTM-DEM elevation informations remove in processing procedure the influence of earth's surface elevation as phase contribution, mainly have two rail difference, Three rail difference and four rail difference, are typically chosen the two easy-to-use computings of rail difference, and the processing method Permanent scatterers also having (need many Scape data are handled simultaneously) and a variety of precision such as short baseline (needing many scape data to handle simultaneously) can reach millimetre-sized processing side Method.Satellite when being imaged twice, sensor to ground point distance respectively R₁And R₂, two scape image phases difference information (interference phase Position) it is as follows：

S₁And S₂The satellite position being imaged twice is represented, φ represents phase, and λ represents radar wavelength, R₁And R₂Represent that satellite is passed Oblique distance between sensor and ground point.

Both Ground Deformation information φ during imaging region is imaged twice had been contained in phase_def, terrain information is contained again φ_topo, caused by earth curvature with reference to oval trend phase_flat, orbit error φ_orbit, atmospheric effect φ_atmos, space-time lose Noise information φ caused by related_noiseDeng much information.

φ=φ_def+φ_topo+φ_flat+φ_ortit+φ_atmos+φ_noise

If, just can removably shape phase information φ using outside dem data in interference treatment engineering_topo；Pass through Orbit parameter can remove reference ellipsoid phase trend φ_flat；If general baseline is shorter, orbit error φ_orbitIt is smaller, can be with Ignore, and noise information φ_noiseIt can be suppressed by filtering process；Atmospheric effect φ_atmosCaused measurement error is in space Low-frequency information is shown as on yardstick, can be ignored.

Outside dem data adds processing and orbit parameter is participated in after calculating, and can isolate interferometric phase φ_def', in order to Ground Deformation is obtained, Ground Deformation phase can be obtained by phase unwrapping_def。φ_defWith radar line of sight direction Ground Deformation Δ r (Δ r=R₂-R₁) be directly proportional.

The method of phase unwrapping is more, has branch to cut region growth method, minimum cost stream method, least square method, multi grid Method, Green Function Method etc..

After above-mentioned processing is carried out to SAR image data, according to SAR image data earth observation feature and It is broken the geographical structure interpreting mark that geothermal energy resources are set up to the feature of radar return.Because conventional radar image is covered in thickness Area can not reflect fracture well, and ordinary radar image can not carry out Interpretation of Fracture Structures in heavy-cover area in other words, and The problem of interferometer radar avoids cladding thickness, the depth interpretation of remote sensing geology is carried out from Ground Deformation feature.The present invention is root The geological fracture for carrying out depth according to image texture characteristic constructs interpretation, and both sides streak feature is different and has the work of linear character Have substantially stagger feature to be exactly structural belt for the foundation of fault recognition, particularly interference fringe, geology as shown in Figure 3 is disconnected Split construction interpretation result figure.Geological fracture construction interpretation is included to water guide fracture and the interpretation of heat conduction rupture, and mainly fracture should Power feature is different：The direction of fracture is consistent with the direction of interference fringe, feature of the fracture with extensional, is water guide fracture；Interference Stripe direction and rift direction near normal, feature of the fracture with pressure property, is heat conduction rupture.

3rd, the 3rd branch is that high-resolution remote sensing image data are protruded in view data by polynary color transformation technology Useful information and clearly different atural objects between Spectral Characteristic difference, the polynary color transformation technology preferably included using minimum Noise separation converter technique and remote sensing images lithology enhancing technology, judge that high-resolution is distant using minimal noise separation converter technique Feel the noise in the wave band number and separation high-resolution remote sensing image data of view data to protrude the useful letter in view data Breath, using the difference of Spectral Characteristic between clearly different atural objects by the way of remote sensing images lithology strengthens technology by accumulation histogram Not；Built respectively according to the analysis of the characteristic feature of the stratum in high-resolution remote sensing image data, the reflectance spectrum of lithology and formation The stratum of vertical different times, the remote sensing formation lithology interpretation of magma layer and construction indicate, according to point to line to face and peripheral expansion Pass stratum, intrusive rock, rift structure and ring image in principle attributive classification carry out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation.

1st, polynary color transformation

The purpose of polynary color transformation is in order to protrude the useful information in view data, to expand between different images feature Difference, to improve interpretation and the analysis ability to image.Data characteristics of the polynary color transformation effect with image in itself has Close.Mainly there are two aspects：(1) between prominent different atural objects Spectral Characteristic difference, in terms of GEOLOGICAL APPLICATION primarily to It is easy to identification without geologic body, rock type and geologic anomaly；(2) prominent spatial shape, edge, lines and texture and structural characteristic Deng such as geological structure, linear body and geomorphic feature.Mainly carried out by spatial alternation, the relatively good minimum of preferred effect Noise separation converter technique.

1) minimal noise separation conversion (Minimum Noise Fraction Rotation, MNF Rotation) technology For judge in view data dimension (i.e. wave band number), the noise in mask data, reduce needs with the calculating in post processing The amount of asking.MNF is substantially the principal component transform being laminated twice.Conversion (noise covariance matrix based on estimation) is used for the first time In separating and readjusting the noise in data, this step operation makes the only the smallest of variance of the noise data after conversion and no ripple Intersegmental correlation.It is the standard principal component transform to noise whitening data (Noise-whitened) for the second time.In order to enter one The processing of stepping traveling wave spectrum, the inherent dimension of data is judged by checking final characteristic value and associated picture.Data space can quilt It is divided into two parts：It is a part of related to larger characteristic value and corresponding characteristic image, remainder and approximately uniform feature Value and the prevailing image of noise are related.Assuming that each observation signal z of remotely-sensed data obtained can be expressed as：Z=s +n

Wherein, n is noise (assuming that uncorrelated to s), and s is signal (noiseless) ideally.Observation signal z's Covariance matrix is Σ_z, the covariance matrix of noise is Σ_n.Assuming that matrix F is Σ_nWhitening matrix, then：

In formula, Δ_nFor by Σ_nEigenvalue cluster into diagonal matrix.ActuallyMatrix E is by Σ_nSpy Vectorial composition is levied, E is met^ΓΣ_NE=Δs_n。

Remember Σ_w=F^ΓΣ_zF is the covariance matrix of the observed data after adjustment noise (albefaction), and this matrix is carried out Principal component changes, and can obtain matrix G so that

G^ΓΣ_wG=Δs_w, G^ΓG=I

In formula, Δ_wIt is by Σ_wThe diagonal matrix that is constituted of characteristic value, G is then to have corresponding characteristic vector to constitute.

NAPC (NOISE-ADJUSTEDPRINCIPALCOMPONENTS) converts total transformation matrix H=FG.

MNF operators areEigenvectors matrix.

2) enhancing of image lithology is handled

Image lithology enhancing processing can also be carried out after minimal noise separation conversion, a series of technology hands are mainly used The difference of Spectral Characteristic, improves the definition of image, by image conversion between the visual effect of Duan Gaishan images, clearly difference atural object Into a kind of form analyzed and processed more suitable for people or computer.

Remote sensing image data is after quasi- normalized, and DN codomains are distributed in 0≤r_kIn the range of≤255.To [0,255] Any one r in interval_kValue carries out such as down conversion：

When gray level is centrifugal pump, probable value can be approximately replaced with frequency, i.e.,：

In formula, L is number of greyscale levels；p_r(r_k) it is the probability for taking kth level gray value；n_kIt is to occur kth level gray scale in the picture Number of times；N is pixel count in image.

Generally can be by formula for the discrete form that obtains uniform histogrammic image enhaucament histogram cumulative distribution function Represent：

Its contravariant is changed to：r_k=T^-1(s_k)

Main algorithm is as follows：

List the gray level of image after original image and conversion:I, j=0,1 ..., wherein L-1, L are the numbers of gray level；

Count the number of pixels n of each gray level of original image_i；

Calculate original image histogram：N is original image pixels total number；

Calculate accumulation histogram：

The gray value after conversion is calculated using greyscale transformation function, and is rounded up：J=INT [(L-1) p_j+0.5]；

Greyscale transformation relation i → j is determined, gray value f (m, n)=i of original image is modified to g (m, n)=j accordingly；

The number of pixels n of each gray level after statistics conversion_j；

Calculate the histogram of image after conversion：

2nd, remote sensing formation lithology is interpreted

The interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology includes assigning different image features different geological Significances, including stratum, rock mass rock Property many factors such as petrofacies and fault tectonic and Volcanic Mechanism, this needs to speculate unknown stratum from known stratum geology Geologic feature.Remote sensing geology interpretation work is entered based on compiling mode in existing geologic information and to regional tectonics background On the basis of row comprehensive analysis, using multi-spectrum remote sensing image figure, high-resolution remote sensing image figure as base map, with geologic map in area Or geothermal distribution figure repaiies volume interpretation as with reference to progress.The principle of macroscopic view → microcosmic → macroscopic view is followed during interpretation, from known To it is unknown, from simple to it is complicated, from the higher region of degree can be interpreted to low area, it is incremental, interpret repeatedly, it is progressively deep Change.Interpreting working procedure is specially：Interpretation mark just builds+and remote sensing geology tentatively interprets → and field reconnaissance+supplement improves interpretation mark Will → interpretation → field checking+comprehensive analysis → remote sensing geology figure establishment and interpretation specification are write in detail comprehensively.

1) interpretation mark is set up

With reference first to existing geologic information and map during interpretation, pass through known geologic body, construction etc. and remote sensing shadow Contrast as between, according to the characteristic feature of master stratum, the reflectance spectrum of lithology and formation in high-resolution remote sensing image data Analysis, it is different according to complicated geology degree, the remote sensing formation lithology of stratum, magmatic rock and the construction of different times etc. is set up respectively Interpretation mark.It is from coarse to fine, by image subarea to geology body unit, with the in-depth of interpretation, progressively supplement, enrich, perfect, passing through It is through at the overall process of interpretation.Geologic body, geological phenomenon are directly interpretation mark in the direct looks that remote sensing image upper table is reflected, and are borrowed It is interpretation mark indirectly to help the indirect factors such as topography and geomorphology, water system, vegetation to sentence the geologic content translated.

2) remote Sensing Interpretation

Collected and on the basis of preliminary grasp reconnoitres area's geological condition and characteristics of remote sensing image abundant, with remote sensing image Figure is existing geologic information and map in main information source, reference area, and the mode for taking compiling to combine is interpreted.Choose first Geological structure is simple, lithostratigraphy exposure is more complete, image feature is clearly regional, and the remote sensing geology for carrying out system repaiies volume interpretation Afterwards, according still further to by point, to principle of the line to face, from the easier to the more advanced, identical geological conditions, same image are progressively expanded to the periphery special GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION of the unknown area levied down to the whole district.Division is tentatively interpreted by geologic body image feature difference, image combination rule Compilation unit, by attributive classification, generates remote Sensing Interpretation sketch, and foundation is provided for field geology reconnaissance phase route arrangement.

Stratum：Made picture using lithostratigraphy method, the unit of geologic mapping with reference to former geologic map stratum as standard, many points in choice To " group ".

Intrusive rock：Using the compilation of age+lithology method for expressing, its planar, ring-type, ellipticity, thoroughly are made full use of in interpretation The spatial shape such as specular, irregular, color (tune), landform assemblage and discordant relations, shadow line with bedded rock around Different rock type plutones are drawn a circle to approve and distinguished to the image features such as structure mark.

Rift structure：Interpret emphasis based on tomography, fracture belt, for those reflection fault properties, occurrence, tectonite, It is appropriate in figure that associate structure, tectonic association and the image feature for having important indicative significance into raw sequential refer to existing data Represent.Feature for the latent layer of those reflections, fracture belt should be represented in detail.To the extension of linear image, bifurcated, answer Close, interspersed, meet the features such as and be interpreted after confirmation with the correlation of neighboring region's linear image etc., by its geological property Classification, name and divided rank.

Ring image：Emphasis interprets lineament more than two and encloses the annular for limiting formation, the small intrusive body of earth's surface exposure, fire The annular informations such as mountain mechanism, the domal uplift of Hidden Granite Body formation or earth's surface planar reflection caused by the activity of other thermals source.

3) remote Sensing Interpretation figure is worked out

By interpretation in detail and scene amendment interpretation, on the basis of area's geological condition is reconnoitred in abundant grasp, before investigation Set up interpretation mark and carry out complement and amendments, further determine compilation unit, using corresponding software, work out remote Sensing Interpretation figure.

Drawing content includes：Geographic element, compilation unit, attribute, boundary line, code name and correlation, and legend, figure The contents such as name, engineer's scale.Geographic element is worked out with reference to topographic map, including contemporary glaciation, water system, mountain system title and mainly Name etc., repaiies volume with reference to remote sensing image progress and forms wherein reconnoitring existing water system in area, traffic pass condition；Stratigraphic unit should in compilation Unified with reference to former geologic map, assigned to stratigraphic unit " group " more.Drawing uses Gauss Kru＆4＆ger projection, and Xi'an is sat within 1980 Mark system, 6 degree of points of bands.To keep the consistent of drawing parameter, all maps use the integrated system storehouse of legend specification.For the ease of Modification, drawing graphic layer structure is divided into some figure layers by different content, mainly including in geologic elements figure layer, geographical figure layer, figure Ornamenting figure layer etc..Schema, legend, symbol, colour code used etc. in compilation, with reference to Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources GB6390-86《Geologic map is used Colour standard and with chromogen then》Deng relevant standard perform.The result of remote sensing formation lithology interpretation is as shown in Figure 4.In figure, solid line table Show Remote Sensing Structural Interpretation, dotted line represents that remote sensing speculates construction；For example, region representation the 4th shown in label X is alluviation rubble, gravel, Region representation the 4th shown in label Y is blanket sand, rubble, and region representation the 4th shown in label Z is glacial drift boulder, mud, label O institutes It is sandy soil, mud to show region representation the 4th, region representation lime limestone shown in label P, and region representation the 4th is shown in label Q Gravel, sand, region representation monzonitic granite shown in label W.

After the data processing step of above-mentioned one, two, three branch is completed, start data integration step.Data integration step The multi-source data information for the vector quantization for being obtained data processing step using GIS technology is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, and By intersecting analytic approach or techniques of discriminant analysis or weighted superposition analytic approach integrated treatment, the heat conduction of integrated extraction geothermal energy resources and lead The position of water construction.

The step mainly uses GIS platform, and a series of map is overlapped according to coordinate, projective transformation and matched somebody with somebody Various marks are carried out comprehensive analysis, and preferably target area by standard.Various information carries out preferred, prominent crucial effective information over the ground.

1) GIS can according to the specific coordinate pair of terrestrial object information it is various be overlapped with information that is looking for ore deposit relevant it is integrated.Should When carrying out multi-source information superposition with GIS, it is necessary first to carry out accurate remarks to the projective parameter of various information so that earth mould Type, projection pattern are all consistent with reel number etc., it is to avoid location dislocation equal error occur.Then need all to do every kind of information on one layer, Such as handled using MAPGIS, it is necessary to which some maps are carried out with " point ", " line ", the restructuring in " area "." point " refer to word, Generation information；" line " refers to tomography and various geological boundaries etc.；" area " refers to geologic body etc..Finally, GIS platform handle is utilized Various information extract relevant information, optimization point from various information analyses to looking for the favourable mark of ore deposit all to summarize and analyze Analysis, preferably target area.

2) informix

By GIS platform, to the temperature coloud coding image hum pattern layer of remote sensing vector quantization, geographical structure interpreting figure layer and Remote sensing formation lithology interpretation figure layer carries out projective transformation and coordinate registration, passes through intersecting analysis, discriminant analysis or weighted superposition point The integrated treatments such as computing are analysed, research abnormal morphology, anomaly intensity, the abnormal space regularity of distribution and its meaning differentiate preferably intentional The point of justice.The distributed remote sensing of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources of the present invention differentiates result as shown in figure 5, white circle encloses region for underground heat in figure Resource differentiates area.

3) it is abnormal to choose

Preferably, various information can be integrated in GIS platform and further comes preferred abnormal, is adjusted then in conjunction with field geology Look into and GPS positioning technology, on the basis of multi-source information comprehensive analysis, carry out field and investigate on the spot.

The distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources of the present invention can be further according to the colour of GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION, temperature The content of the several respects such as coded image and Interpretation of Fracture Structures carries out analysis decision processing.For example, 1) utilize remote sensing images analysis Remote sensing geomorphic feature, determines the geomorphic units such as river, lake, mountain region, forest land, farmland；2) GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION graphical analysis rock is utilized Property feature；3) construction is analyzed using interferometer radar, analysis compressional structure, the distribution of extensional structure, to the water guide in area Construction carries out interpretation；4) using temperature anomaly of the temperature pattern to compressional structure, interpretation is carried out to heat transfer structure in area；5) basis The position of heat transfer structure and permeable structure, it is determined that prediction target area.Differentiate by the distributed remote sensing of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources of the present invention After method, what be can be derived that includes the remote sensing images of information of forecasting, and geothermal energy resources prognostic chart as shown in Figure 6 is synthesized using RGB One width false color image, predicts heat conduction rupture and the water guide fracture of geothermal area, the image so worked it out can directly indicate pre- Measurement information, is more suitable for reconnoitring the decision-making with work arrangement.

The invention further relates to a kind of distributed remote sensing judgement system of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources.The present invention is distant for geothermal energy resources A kind of brand-new solution technology of offer is reconnoitred in sense, is determined and underground heat by the Treatment Analysis to multi-source Remote Sensing Images data and interpretation The relevant heat conduction of resource and the position of permeable structure, by carrying out thermal infrared remote sensing processing and arrow to multi-spectral remote sensing image data Quantify, and a variety of data are overlapped with integrated processing there is provided a kind of multi-source distribution for geothermal energy resources remote sensing exploration is distant Feel judgement system.Especially disclose the tectonic information being hidden under thick covering.System of the present invention is based on multi-source Remote Sensing Images Integrated treatment in data with it is integrated, can effectively solve many technical matters for geothermal energy resources remote sensing exploration, warp Cross achievement after system processing simple, using survey part operation with above meeting, can be carried for reconnoitring for later stage with work arrangement For important technology data.

The multi-source of the distributed remote sensing judgement system of the multi-source of the geothermal energy resources of the present invention geothermal energy resources above-mentioned with the present invention Distributed remote sensing method of discrimination is corresponding, it is understood that it is that the distributed remote sensing of multi-source for realizing geothermal energy resources of the present invention differentiates to be The system of method.The structure of system of the present invention as shown in fig. 7, comprises be sequentially connected data acquisition facility, data processing Device and data integrating device.Wherein, data acquisition facility, for carrying out multi-source Remote Sensing Images data acquisition, the multi-source is distant Feeling view data includes multi-spectral remote sensing image data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data.Data Processing unit, including the first data processing equipment, the second data processing equipment and the 3rd number being connected with data acquisition facility According to processing unit, first data processing equipment is obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm To the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, then temperature value is changed into after thermoisopleth variable carry out coloud coding and handle into figure To temperature coloud coding image information；Second data processing equipment is interfered SAR image data and phase solution Twine the geographical structure interpreting mark for handling and setting up geothermal energy resources and carry out geographical structure interpreting；The 3rd data processing dress Put to high-resolution remote sensing image data by polynary color transformation technology protrude view data in useful information and it is clear and definite not With the difference of Spectral Characteristic between atural object, and set up remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark and carry out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation. Data integration device, is connected with first, second, and third data processing equipment respectively, for temperature coloud coding image to be believed Breath, geographical structure interpreting and the interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology are overlapped, projective transformation and registration, integrate the position of geothermal energy resources Put, realize that the distributed remote sensing of multi-source of geothermal energy resources differentiates.

Preferably, the first data processing equipment is obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm To the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data inverting, then temperature value is changed into by thermoisopleth by multi-fractal method or Kriging method become Amount, is then changed into the thermoisopleth variable temperature value after thermoisopleth variable with sitting by multi-fractal method or Kriging method Mark is corresponding and carries out coloud coding and obtains temperature coloud coding image information, temperature color-coded graph such as Fig. 2 into figure processing It is shown.

Preferably, the second data processing equipment is to radar according to SAR image data earth observation feature and fracture The feature of echo sets up the geological fracture construction interpretation mark of geothermal energy resources, and according to the geology of image texture characteristic progress depth Interpretation of Fracture Structures, geological fracture construction interpretation result is as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the interpretation of geological fracture construction is included to water guide Fracture and the interpretation of heat conduction rupture.

Preferably, the polynary color transformation technology bag that the 3rd data processing equipment is used to high-resolution remote sensing image data Include and converter technique and remote sensing images lithology enhancing technology are separated using minimal noise, judged using minimal noise separation converter technique Noise in the wave band numbers of high-resolution remote sensing image data and separation high-resolution remote sensing image data is to protrude view data In useful information, using wave spectrum between clearly different atural objects by the way of remote sensing images lithology strengthens technology by accumulation histogram The difference of feature.3rd data processing equipment is according to the stratum in high-resolution remote sensing image data, the reflectance spectrum of lithology The remote sensing formation lithology that the stratum of different times, magma layer and construction are set up in characteristic feature analysis with formation respectively interprets mark Will, foundation point to line to face and the attributive classification for passing stratum, intrusive rock, rift structure and ring image in principle of peripheral expansion Remote sensing formation lithology interpretation is carried out, remote sensing formation lithology interpretation result is as shown in Figure 4.

Preferably, the multi-source data letter for the vector quantization that data integration device is obtained data processing equipment using GIS technology Breath is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, and passes through intersecting analytic approach or techniques of discriminant analysis or weighted superposition analytic approach General Office Reason, the heat conduction of integrated extraction geothermal energy resources and the position of permeable structure, realize that the distributed remote sensing of multi-source of geothermal energy resources differentiates.This The distributed remote sensing of the multi-source of invention geothermal energy resources differentiates that result is as shown in Figure 5.

The advantage of the distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of geothermal energy resources of the present invention and system：

1) utilize separation of the thermal infrared remote sensing by temperature and emissivity, and on this basis using multi-fractal or gram League (unit of length) method and coloud coding generation temperature isogram (i.e. temperature color-coded graph), reflect the trend of heat transfer structure.Rock Property be fractured into geothermal anomaly high level, the heat transfer structure reflected is that East and West direction moves towards feature, interpretation and interferometer radar interpretation result It can unanimously be mutually authenticated.

2) by interferometer radar and radar image, the construction for reconnoitring area can be interpreted, structure can be analyzed using interferometer radar The property made, draws pressure property and extensional structure, and preliminary interpretation is carried out to permeable structure and heat transfer structure.

3) it can be combined by field with indoor high-resolution remote sensing image data, realize and the geomorphic feature for reconnoitring area is entered The identification of remote sensing is gone, particularly identification of the high-definition remote sensing to landforms is very clear, to mountain region, low mountains and hills, river, agriculture The geomorphic features such as field, road, wetland, city, soot, forest land, water body can be recognized.

4) combine actual field using a variety of remote sensing image datas to investigate, interpreted in interferometer radar, radar image construction On the basis of, with reference to the temperature isogram of Thermal Infrared Data, remote sensing geology interpretation can be carried out to stratum and lithology.

5) by multi-source Remote Sensing Images data message, and the heat conduction drawn and the position of permeable structure, and hydrothermal exchange The position of geothermal energy resources is produced, foundation is provided for geothermal exploration, remote sensing prediction area is proposed.

The present invention is suitable to engineering field geothermal energy resources remote sensing exploration and target prediction, and addressing, identification are carried out to work arrangement Deng；Also can be using the analysis for reconnoitring area's construction, the interpretation of tectonic property；Morphological analysis, GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION；The Quaternary Period area of coverage is constructed Inspection, geophysics arrangement；The production application of geothermal energy resources field and research.

It should be pointed out that embodiment described above can make those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood Create, but do not limit the invention in any way is created.Therefore, although this specification is created with embodiment to the present invention referring to the drawings Make and have been carried out detailed description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that still can be modified to the invention Or equivalent substitution, in a word, all technical schemes for not departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and its improvement, it all should contain Cover among the protection domain of the invention patent.

Claims (11)

1. the distributed remote sensing method of discrimination of the multi-source of a kind of geothermal energy resources, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the steps：

Data acquisition step, for carrying out multi-source Remote Sensing Images data acquisition, the multi-source Remote Sensing Images data include multispectral Remote sensing image data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data；

Data processing step, including by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm multispectral distant are obtained to multi-spectral remote sensing image data Feel the temperature value of data, then temperature value changed into after thermoisopleth variable carry out coloud coding and to obtain temperature into figure processing colored Coded image information, realizes the coloud coding of the vector quantization of Thermal Infrared Data in multi-spectral remote sensing image data；It is distant to radar Sense view data carries out interference and phase unwrapping handles and sets up the geographical structure interpreting mark of geothermal energy resources and carry out geology Construction interpretation；To high-resolution remote sensing image data by polynary color transformation technology protrude view data in useful information and The difference of Spectral Characteristic clearly between difference atural object, and set up remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark and carry out remote sensing formation lithology Interpretation；So as to realize top layer and the depth interpretation of the geological fracture construction of geothermal energy resources；

Data integration step, temperature coloud coding image information, geographical structure interpreting and the remote sensing that data processing step is obtained Formation lithology interpretation is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, is integrated the position of geothermal energy resources, is realized the multi-source of geothermal energy resources Distributed remote sensing differentiates.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that to multi-spectral remote sensing image data in data processing step Obtain the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data inverting by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm, then by multi-fractal method or gram in Lattice method by temperature value change into after thermoisopleth variable by the thermoisopleth variable it is corresponding with coordinate and carry out coloud coding and into Figure processing obtains temperature coloud coding image information.

3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in data processing step be according to SAR image number The geological fracture construction interpretation mark of geothermal energy resources, and foundation are set up to the feature of radar return according to earth observation feature and fracture Image texture characteristic carries out the geological fracture construction interpretation of depth, and the geological fracture construction interpretation includes water guide is broken and led The interpretation of thermal destruction.

4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that to high-resolution remote sensing image number in data processing step Include separating converter technique and remote sensing images lithology enhancing technology using minimal noise according to the polynary color transformation technology of use, adopt Wave band number and separation high-resolution remote sensing image that converter technique judges high-resolution remote sensing image data are separated with minimal noise Noise in data passes through accumulation histogram to protrude the useful information in view data using remote sensing images lithology enhancing technology The clearly different atural objects of mode between Spectral Characteristic difference.

5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in data processing step be according to high-definition remote sensing figure As stratum, the magma of different times are set up in the characteristic feature analysis of the stratum in data, the reflectance spectrum of lithology and formation respectively The remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark of layer and construction, according to point to line to face and peripheral expansion pass in principle stratum, intrusive rock, The attributive classification of rift structure and ring image carries out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation.

6. the method according to one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the data integration step will using GIS technology The multi-source data for the vector quantization that data processing step is obtained is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, and by intersecting analytic approach or Techniques of discriminant analysis or weighted superposition analytic approach integrated treatment, the heat conduction of integrated extraction geothermal energy resources and the position of permeable structure.

7. the distributed remote sensing judgement system of the multi-source of a kind of geothermal energy resources, it is characterised in that including the data acquisition being sequentially connected Device, data processing equipment and data integrating device,

Data acquisition facility, for carrying out multi-source Remote Sensing Images data acquisition, the multi-source Remote Sensing Images data include multispectral Remote sensing image data, SAR image data and high-resolution remote sensing image data；

Data processing equipment, including the first data processing equipment, the second data processing equipment being connected with data acquisition facility With the 3rd data processing equipment, first data processing equipment passes through temperature and emissivity point to multi-spectral remote sensing image data From the temperature value that algorithm obtains Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data, then by temperature value change into after thermoisopleth variable carry out coloud coding and into Figure processing obtains temperature coloud coding image information, realizes the vector quantization of Thermal Infrared Data in multi-spectral remote sensing image data Coloud coding；Second data processing equipment is interfered SAR image data and phase unwrapping handles and sets up ground The geographical structure interpreting mark and progress geographical structure interpreting of thermal resource；3rd data processing equipment is distant to high-resolution Feel view data and wave spectrum between the useful information in view data and clearly different atural objects is protruded by polynary color transformation technology The difference of feature, and set up remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark and carry out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation；At 3rd data Reason device and the second data processing equipment realize top layer and the depth interpretation of the geological fracture construction of geothermal energy resources；

Data integration device, is connected with first, second, and third data processing equipment respectively, for by temperature coloud coding image Information, geographical structure interpreting and the interpretation of remote sensing formation lithology are overlapped, projective transformation and registration, integrate geothermal energy resources Position, realizes that the distributed remote sensing of multi-source of geothermal energy resources differentiates.

8. system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that first data processing equipment is to multi-spectral remote sensing image Data obtain the temperature value of Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Data inverting by temperature and emissivity separation algorithm, then by multi-fractal method or Kriging method changes into temperature value after thermoisopleth variable that the thermoisopleth variable is corresponding with coordinate and carry out coloud coding Temperature coloud coding image information is obtained with into figure processing.

9. system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that second data processing equipment is according to radar remote sensing figure As the geological fracture construction interpretation mark of geothermal energy resources is set up in data earth observation feature and fracture to the feature of radar return, and The geological fracture construction interpretation of depth is carried out according to image texture characteristic, the geological fracture construction interpretation includes being broken water guide With the interpretation of heat conduction rupture.

10. system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the 3rd data processing equipment is to high-definition remote sensing The polynary color transformation technology that view data is used includes separating converter technique and the enhancing of remote sensing images lithology using minimal noise Technology, separates converter technique using minimal noise and judges that the wave band number and separation high-resolution of high-resolution remote sensing image data are distant The noise in view data is felt to protrude the useful information in view data, and strengthening technology using remote sensing images lithology passes through accumulation The difference of Spectral Characteristic between the clearly different atural objects of histogrammic mode；

And/or, the 3rd data processing equipment is according to the stratum in high-resolution remote sensing image data, the reflected light of lithology The remote sensing formation lithology interpretation mark on the stratum of different times, magma layer and construction is set up in spectrum and the characteristic feature analysis formed respectively Will, foundation point to line to face and the attributive classification for passing stratum, intrusive rock, rift structure and ring image in principle of peripheral expansion Carry out remote sensing formation lithology interpretation.

11. the system according to one of claim 7 to 10, it is characterised in that the data integration device utilizes GIS technology The multi-source data information for the vector quantization that data processing equipment is obtained is overlapped, projective transformation and registration, and passes through intersecting point Analysis method or techniques of discriminant analysis or weighted superposition analytic approach integrated treatment, the heat conduction of integrated extraction geothermal energy resources and the position of permeable structure Put.