CN104122075B - A kind of fuzzy method of direct measurement display motion based on motion square width - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that direct measurement display motion based on motion square width is fuzzy, by the square for showing motion over the display, and the brightness change of corresponding region in square motion process is directly recorded using luminance meter, time of the square by measured zone is obtained using luminance threshold, the evaluation index of sign motion blur can be calculated with reference to the movement velocity of square.Relative to common simulation method, method of the invention is closer to subjective evaluation result, and method is simple, applied widely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement of display Dynamic Announce performance and evaluation method, the present invention proposes a kind of direct
Measure the dynamic motion fuzzy behaviour of display and carry out evaluation method, belong to presentation of information fields of measurement.
Background technology
Liquid crystal display (LCD) is a kind of flat-panel monitor passively lighted, and it is mainly by backlight, thin film transistor (TFT)
(TFT) array, liquid crystal cell, colored filter, polaroid etc. are constituted.After backlight is luminous, pass through the liquid crystal controlled by tft array
Layer, by another polaroid outgoing.Deflected under liquid crystal molecule alive driving outside, thus it is possible to vary the polarization side of light
To so as to control the intensity of emergent light.The features such as there is frivolous low-work voltage, micro energy lose, volume, high-resolution due to LCD,
LCD turns into the Display Technique of current main flow, obtains extensive in TV, motion display, car-mounted display, monitor, household electrical appliances etc.
Using.
Although LCD static state display characteristic good, in its Dynamic Announce aspect of performance, due to the limit of its displaying principle
System, would generally produce the fuzzy of image when dynamic image is shown.In general, the Dynamic Announce performance of display, leads to
Chang Yuqi time responses are relevant.Display from current picture be switched to next frame picture when, respective pixel output signal should must
It must respond rapidly to and be switched to next frame data, if lags in response, then image just occurs when showing moving object
" hangover " phenomenon.The time that the deflection that LCD completes liquid crystal molecule needs is longer, so its response is slower.Being additionally, since LCD is
Voltage maintenance device, pixel brightness in a frame time is constant, therefore the blooming of image border can become more
Plus it is serious.
Human eye is as the carrier for receiving picture signal, and its visual characteristic is another reason for forming motion blur.When aobvious
When showing device by a frame-by-frame basis successively reproducing moving, due to human eye smooth pursuit characteristic, imaging on retina with
The motion of eyeball and produce the skew on position；Simultaneously because human eye vision persistence characteristic, retina image-forming will not disappear at once
And be to maintain a period of time, so now eye-observation to final result be by the imaging of these diverse locations formed obscure
Image.As shown in Fig. 1 (a), when LCD shows the image that a black bars are moved in white background, in a frame time,
Square is all continuously display, after next frame arrives, and the square skips to a certain position display on the right, the like.Cause
This, is keeping on escope, and spatially (pixel) and time go up (frame) to signal is all discrete, but be due to human eye when
Between resolution ratio it is low, human eye only perceives integration of these discrete signals in following period of time.Therefore, the brightness that retina is received
It is made up of the brightness of diverse location pixel.And the different pixel in position, its brightness is also different (to be particularly mutated in gray scale
Edge), then perceived brightness just it is unequal, result in the edge of moving object can be perceived as it is fuzzy.
LCD Dynamic Announce characteristic how is characterized, its motion blur degree is particularly characterized, is the measurement of LCD display characteristics
Important content.Compare the Dynamic Announce performance between different displays for convenience, it is necessary to have simple and feasible motion
Fuzzy measuring method.LCD in current IDMS (International Display Measurement Standard) standard
Fuzzy motion measurement method has following two.
1) camera method
Using chasing camera and minute surface camera or shift by the frame of high speed camera and simulate the smooth pursuit of human eye.Phase
The moving image that machine is recorded is equivalent to the image observed by human eye, the edge blurry width of recorded image
(blurred edge width, BEW) is used as the index for evaluating the motion blur order of severity.This method principle is simple, Ke Yizhi
Simulation human eye is connect to be seen, but machinery or Optical devices are complicated, it is not easy to accurate control, synchronous triggering is difficult.
2) analog simulation method
Based on LCD luminosity response, the smooth pursuit and eye storage characteristic of human eye are simulated using mathematical method,
Brightness response curve (liquid crystal response curve, LCRC) is changed into after the wide motion window integration of frame
Moving image response curve (motion picture response curve, MPRC), and thus come Calculation Estimation index edge
Fuzzy Time (blurred edge time, BET).This method measurement is simple, it is only necessary to know LCD luminosity response process, just
The motion blur image for calculating and perceiving can be simulated, but is constrained to the image processing techniques of display, it is impossible to is realized certainly
Adaptation is handled, and BET cannot be used for analyzing the motion blur under friction speed in addition.
In addition, although motion blur is not obvious on other types display, but exists.But, for different type
The motion blur measurement of display is so far still without a unified evaluating, and most of evaluation index is both for certain certain kinds
Escope.And the measurement of analogue simulation method is simple, but can not in terms of movement velocity thoroughly evaluating display exercise performance；
Although camera method can analyze the motion blur under friction speed, but its measurement apparatus is complicated.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of using motion square width (motion
Block width, MBW) come the method for evaluating display motion fuzziness.This method is simulated using the relative motion of object
The perception of human eye, can analyze the motion blur situation under friction speed, and this method does not use camera to be surveyed as optics in addition
Measuring appratus, the problem of avoiding synchronous hardly possible, simplifies measurement process.
In order to solve the problems of prior art, a kind of fuzzy side of direct measurement display motion of the invention
Method, its step is as follows：
A) optical measuring instruments are fixed on to the front of tested display, measured zone is directed at tested display screen all the time
Curtain；
B) resolution chart is exported to tested display by programmable signal generator, the resolution chart and tested display
The screen background of device uses different GTGs；
C) resolution chart is at the uniform velocity moved in screen by setting speed along straight line, and optical measuring instruments record the bright of measured zone
Change procedure is spent, brightness-time graph is obtained；
D) time of the resolution chart by measured zone is obtained from brightness-time graph according to luminance threshold；
E) the resolution chart passage time obtained according to above-mentioned steps and its speed set, obtain resolution chart in quilt
The movement widths surveyed in display, so as to obtain the degree of tested display motion blur.
Further, the resolution chart is shaped as rectangle, and its length and width is all higher than the measurement of optical measuring instruments
Region is to be completely covered measured zone.
Further, the movement velocity of the resolution chart is 5~20 pixel/frames, at intervals of 1ppf.
Further, the GTG of both the screen background of the tested display and tested figure differs and is 0~255
In any arbitrary value.
Further, the screen background of the tested display be obtained when 0 GTG and tested figure are 255 GTG be
The black and white dynamic motion fog-level of tested display.
Further, when high gray scale is tested motion of the figure under low gray scale screen background, its luminance threshold is 10%；
When low gray scale is tested motion of the figure under high gray scale screen background, its luminance threshold is 90%.
Further, the optical measuring instruments for being used to record brightness change include luminance meter, sub-ray spectrometer or luminosity
Meter.
Further, the optical measuring instrument is fixed on the front of tested display, and its measured zone is on display screen
Optional position.
Further, the measured zone of the optical measuring instrument is the center of tested display screen.The present invention is not
Designed for particular type display, with general applicability, therefore, it is possible to applied to CRT, LCD, PDP, OLED, and
In the measurement of the motion blur of FED displays.
Dynamic image quality refers to the dynamic readability that display is showed when showing dynamic menu content, is
Evaluate a good and bad important indicator of display.However, at present in standard movement fuzzy measuring method, camera method and analog simulation
Method is conventional method, but is all haveed the shortcomings that certain.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of fortune based on motion square width
Dynamic model paste direct measuring method (referred to as motion square method).
Motion blur direct measuring method based on motion square width is that record motion square passes through luminance meter measurement zone
During domain, the brightness change procedure of pixel, passage time is calculated according to luminance threshold in measured zone, is moved in conjunction with square
Speed calculate motion square width, subtract the rest width of square, obtain move square change width value, and by its
It is used as the index for evaluating display Dynamic Announce performance.
In more detail, as shown in figure 1, different displays are when same moving image is shown, human eye is perceived
To moving object width be inconsistent.The square width perceived by contrasting on retina image-forming coordinate, can see
Go out, in the case of square original width identical, the square width perceived is bigger, and motion blur is more serious, Fig. 1 (a) and
(b) situation that two kinds of displays of maintenance and impulse type are shown is sets forth, square original width is identical, but is due to display
Device working method is different, so the motion square imaging width of each of which on the retina is also different.With edge blurry
Width is different, and motion square width refers to the width of whole motion square, as shown in Fig. 2 being whole square in motion process
In, its brightness is higher than the width that all pixels point of (being less than) 10% (90%) luminance threshold is constituted,Its
In 10% and 90% be threshold value that human eye is detectable brightness change, brightness of image once crosses luminance threshold, and human eye will be examined
Feel that brightness of image there occurs obvious change.And edge blurry width is the width of luminance transition belt edge 10%~90%
Degree, as shown in figure 3,In addition, edge blurry width is from moving image response curve or cameras record
Moving image on derive, and move square width refer to moving square by measured zone moved it is relative away from
From.
Detail in above-mentioned steps is further described below：
The initial size of square is set first, and the height and width of square be greater than the diameter of measured zone, so can be with
Ensure that motion square more fully utilizes the pixel in measured zone.Wherein measured zone comprises at least 500 pixels.Separately
Outside, if the movement velocity of object is too fast, human eye is difficult to catch.So the movement velocity of square is set to 5~20ppf more
Properly, speed interval is 1ppf (pixel per frame, ppf).
Include luminance meter for recording the optical measuring instruments (light-measuring device, LMD) of brightness change, or
Sub-ray spectrometer, or photometer etc..LMD is fixed on the front of display, and LMD measured zones can fall on the display screen
Optional position, the center of general alignment screen.Optical measuring instruments are typically secured to apart from the position of screen three times height of display,
Its measured zone is directed at the center of display, and screen other positions can also be registered in addition.
There are two parts in resolution chart, a part is square (prospect), and another part is background.The GTG of square and background
Differ, both can arbitrarily be chosen between 0~255 GTG.Generally, square is set to complete white (255 GTG), and background is set
Be set to completely black (0 GTG), at this moment obtain be display black and white dynamic motion obscure, as shown in Fig. 2 .1, MBW shows as bright
Pixel of the degree higher than 10% threshold value.Square can also be set to completely black (0 GTG), background is set to complete white (255 GTG),
As shown in Fig. 2 .2, MBW shows as the pixel that brightness is less than 90% threshold value.Square and background it can also be provided that other GTGs,
The motion square width so surveyed is exactly for evaluating the display Dynamic Announce performance under correspondence GTG.
When square enters luminance meter measured zone, the brightness that luminance meter is recorded is gradually varied to from background luminance
Prospect brightness, square can be risen to always completely into whole measured zone by surveying brightness, and be kept for (retention time a period of time
Length depends on square width size)；When square initially moves off measured zone, under luminance meter is since the high-high brightness
Drop, when going straight down to square and leave measured zone completely, the now brightness of luminance meter is background luminance.So luminance meter
The brightness change procedure of the pixel corresponding to measured zone is exactly have recorded, and this process is due to the motion of square and is drawn
Rise.Therefore, what luminance meter was recorded is the motion process of square.
Brightness-the time graph and luminance threshold recorded according to luminance meter, it is possible to calculate square and pass through measurement zone
The passage time in domain.Passage time with reach the time corresponding points of luminance threshold start calculating, until crossing luminance threshold again
Terminate.For motion of the high gray square under low gray scale background, its luminance threshold is 10%；For low gray square in high ash
The motion spent under background, its luminance threshold is 90%.I.e.：When square GTG is higher than background GTG, then the luminance threshold side of being exactly
Block and the 10% of background luminance difference；When square GTG is less than background GTG, luminance threshold is exactly square and background luminance difference
90%.
Then according to passage time and set square movement velocity, it is possible to calculate the movement widths of square.
Move square width=passage time × square movement velocity
Calculate after motion square width, subtract static square width and can be obtained by motion square change width, become
Change is bigger, shows that the motion blur of square is more serious.
Move square change width=motion square width-static square width
At the same speed, square change width can be moved motion square change width separately as evaluation index
It is bigger, represent that motion blur is more serious.
Alternatively, it is also possible to which the motion square change width under friction speed is carried out regression analysis, a synthesis is calculated
Evaluation index, is easy on different displays carry out Integrated comparative.As shown in figure 4, be three displays at various speeds
Move the idealized schematic diagram of square width.Movement velocity is faster, and the movement widths of square are bigger, but different display institute tables
Existing dynamic characteristic is different.So different displays are under same movement speed, motion square width is discrepant, and square is wide
Degree is bigger, and motion blur is more serious.Square width under comprehensive all movement velocitys, its slope is overall target, is referred to as
Move square change width-movement velocity ratio.Slope is smaller, represents motion blur with the increase of movement velocity, only occurs light
The overall dynamics display performance of micro- change, the i.e. display is better.Using the above method, display Dynamic Announce can be realized
The quick measurement of performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows motion blur Producing reason, wherein slash mark human eye smooth pursuit track；Fig. 1 (a) is kept
The motion blur of escope, such as LCD；The motion blur of Fig. 1 (b) impulse-type displays, such as CRT.
Fig. 2 .1a are high gray motion square rest images.
Fig. 2 .1b are high gray motion square moving images.
Fig. 2 .1c are the motion blur width indication figures that high gray moves square.
Fig. 2 .2a are low order motion square rest images.
Fig. 2 .2b are low order motion square moving images.
Fig. 2 .2c are the motion blur width indication figures that low GTG moves square.
Fig. 3 is the generation process of motion blur；Wherein Fig. 3 a are rest image schematic diagrames；Fig. 3 b are moving image signals
Figure；Fig. 3 c are edge blurry width indication figures.
Fig. 4 is the idealized schematic diagram that regression analysis is carried out to the result that motion square method is obtained.
Fig. 5 is the width of double arrowed line representative motion square in motion square method instrumentation plan, figure, wherein,
Fig. 5 (a) is static square instrumentation plan；Fig. 5 (b) is motion square instrumentation plan.
Fig. 6 is the motion blur measurement result under different motion speed.
Fig. 7 is the fuzzy direct contrast of 9 different display motions.
Fig. 8 is the corresponding 9 displays Dynamic Announce performance trap queuing of three kinds of motions fuzzy measuring method.
Embodiment
Direct measuring method is obscured in order to illustrate more clearly of the display motion based on motion square width, below in conjunction with
The present invention will be further described for accompanying drawing.
Fig. 5 is the instrumentation plan for moving square method, the brightness change of measured zone is directly recorded using luminance meter, indirectly
The width of reflection motion square.Luminance meter is fixed on the front of display, and measured zone is directed at the center of display all the time, fortune
Dynamic is only white square (from left to right circulation even speed motion).
By the brightness change procedure of luminance meter record display device central area pixel, white square can be obtained inswept
T the time required to display center.So, the width MBW of white athletic square and motion square change width value Δ MBW can
To be obtained by formula (1)：
Δ MBW=MBW-w0(1)
=t × v-w0
Wherein, v is the movement velocity (unit of square：Pixel/frame).T is passage time (unit：Second).w0It is static side
Block width.
Motion square method is the time that direct measurement moves the inswept display center of square, and then calculated with reference to movement velocity
Square width characterizes motion blur, and this is a kind of quick and easy measuring method.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment measures motion squares of the LCD of certain model under different movement velocitys using the method for the present invention
Change width value.Its result is as shown in Figure 6.
In experiment, the model PR-680L of luminance meter, its sample frequency is 20kHz, and measurement angle is 1 °.Vision signal is led to
Flying-spot video generator VG-870B outputs are crossed, image resolution ratio is 1024 × 768, and refresh rate is 60Hz, the width of static square
It is 512pixels.Square movement velocity from 5ppf to 20ppf between change, at intervals of 1ppf, totally 16 movement velocitys.
By the brightness change procedure of luminance meter record display device central area pixel, when square is measured into luminance meter
When region, the brightness that luminance meter is recorded is gradually varied to prospect brightness from background luminance, and surveying brightness can rise always
To square completely into whole measured zone, and kept for a period of time；When square initially moves off measured zone, luminance meter
Begun to decline from high-high brightness, when going straight down to square and leave measured zone completely, the now brightness of luminance meter is the back of the body
Scape brightness.According to luminance threshold 10% it may determine that white square just enters measured zone so that measurement brightness starts greatly
In 10%；Until square just leaves measured zone so that measurement brightness is less than 10%, and this period is exactly that white square is inswept
T the time required to display center.So, motion square change width can be obtained by following formula：
Δ MBW=t × v-w0
Wherein, v is the movement velocity (unit of square：Pixel/frame).T is passage time (unit：Second).w0It is static side
Block width.
Motion square width is measured under 16 movement velocitys respectively, between square movement velocity is from 5ppf to 20ppf
Change, at intervals of 1ppf, totally 16 movement velocitys.Fig. 6, which gives, moves square width under the different motion speed that measurement is obtained
Result.It can be seen that, when square movement velocity is 6ppf, motion square width adds 10 pixels.When square motion
When speed increases to 9ppf, motion square width adds 11 pixels.It is tighter that the increase of square width shows as fog-level
Weight.Optimal situation is that motion square change width value is always 0, that is, moving square width, to be consistently equal to static square wide
Degree.
Meanwhile, do linear regression to moving square width under different motion speed, can obtain motion square change width-
Movement velocity ratio, as shown in fig. 6, for the display, the ratio is 0.53.The parameter can be for overall merit display
Motion blur characteristic.For different displays, the size of the ratio just can be used in evaluating the dynamic between different displays
Display performance, ratio is bigger, cash for motion blur it is more serious,
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment measures the motion square width of 9 different displays using the method for the present invention, wherein 6 are
LCD display, 1 is CRT monitor, and 2 are PDP displays.Motion square is measured under 16 movement velocitys respectively wide
Degree, and the motion blur degree of 9 displays of assay accordingly.
In experiment, the model PR-680L of luminance meter, its sample frequency is 20kHz, and measurement angle is 1 °.Vision signal is led to
Flying-spot video generator VG-870B outputs are crossed, image resolution ratio is 1024 × 768, and refresh rate is 60Hz, the width of static square
It is 512pixels.Square movement velocity from 5ppf to 20ppf between change, at intervals of 1ppf, totally 16 movement velocitys.
Shown in test schematic diagram such as Fig. 5 (b), the brightness change procedure in luminance meter direct measurement display center region.Fig. 7
It is the actual measured results for moving square method.Fig. 7 be measurement obtain each display Δ MBW and movement velocity linear fit it is straight
Line, its slope is motion square change width-movement velocity ratio, and slope is smaller, and the Dynamic Announce performance of display is better.
CRT-01 ratio is minimum, illustrates that CRT motion blur is minimum, it is optimal that it moves display characteristic；LCD-03 ratio is maximum,
In surveyed display, LCD-03 motion blur most serious.
The linear fit straight line of difference LCD result has crosspoint in Fig. 7, and this explanation movement velocity is also influence motion mould
The major reason of paste.For example：LCD-03 is when movement velocity is less than 11ppf, and its dynamic characteristic is better than LCD-04, but in motion
When speed is more than 11ppf, LCD-04 dynamic characteristic is more preferable on the contrary.
In addition, what the Δ MBW under friction speed should be just as, i.e., tiltedly. in no motion blur ideally
Rate is 0.And it is negative slope that measurement result, which obtains CRT-01, caused by this scanning effect mainly due to display.Due to
Scan effect, square motion is not continuous, but saltus step.Movement velocity is bigger, and square bounce interval is also bigger, causes bright
The part that the measured zone of degree meter has lacked whole motion square (generally occurs just to have entered measured zone either on head
When afterbody just leaves measured zone).Such case is all consistent for all displays, so not influenceing overall
Evaluate.
In order to verify motion square method feasibility and accuracy, we by move square method result with other two kinds
Measuring method (analog simulation method and subjective estimate method) is compared.Using 8 subjects to aobvious in subjective estimate method measurement
Show that the square motion blur degree of device is scored.The Comparative result of various methods is as shown in Figure 8.Wherein analogue simulation method is corresponding
Evaluating be BET, subjective estimate method is scoring, and motion square method is Δ MBW, the unit between them be it is different,
Directly compare for convenience, used z-scores to be standardized respectively to three results.
Z-score=(x-mean (x))/std (x)
As can be seen that when liquid crystal display motion blur is measured, the measurement of analog simulation method and motion square method
As a result it is presented high related to subjective perception experimental result, still, when analog simulation method is applied on non-liquid crystal display, it is measured
As a result just undesirable, now, the measurement result of motion square method more presses close to subjective evaluation result.Only fitted compared to analog simulation method
For liquid crystal display, the applicable surface for moving square method is wider, and its measurement is also more direct, easy.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A) optical measuring instruments are fixed on to the front of tested display, measured zone is directed at tested display screen all the time；
B) resolution chart is exported to tested display by programmable signal generator, the resolution chart and tested display
Screen background use different GTGs and for 0~255 in any arbitrary value, when high gray scale be tested figure in low gray scale screen back
During motion under scape, its luminance threshold is 10%；When low gray scale is tested motion of the figure under high gray scale screen background, its is bright
It is 90% to spend threshold value；
C) resolution chart is at the uniform velocity moved in screen by setting speed along straight line, and the brightness of optical measuring instruments record measured zone becomes
Change process, obtains brightness-time graph；
D) time of the resolution chart by measured zone is obtained from brightness-time graph according to luminance threshold；
E) resolution chart obtained according to above-mentioned steps obtains test chart by time of measured zone and its speed set
Movement widths of the shape in tested display, so as to obtain the degree of tested display motion blur.
2. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The resolution chart
Rectangle is shaped as, its length and width is all higher than the measured zone of optical measuring instruments measured zone is completely covered.
3. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：The test chart
The movement velocity of shape is 5~20 pixel/frames, at intervals of 1 pixel/frame.
4. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The tested display
Screen background be that obtained when 0 GTG and tested figure are 255 GTG is that the black and white dynamic motion of tested display obscures journey
Degree.
5. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described to be used to record bright
The optical measuring instruments of degree change include luminance meter, sub-ray spectrometer or photometer.
6. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that：The photo measure
Instrument is fixed on the front of tested display, and its measured zone is the optional position on display screen.
7. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that：The optical measuring instruments
Measured zone be tested display screen center.
8. a kind of direct measurement display motion blur method as claimed in claim 1 is in CRT, LCD, PDP, OLED, and FED
Application in the motion blur measurement of display.
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| CN101888568A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-11-17 | 北京牡丹视源电子有限责任公司 | Method for measuring motion image response characteristic parameters |
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| CN102682681A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display response time measuring method and device |
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