CN104121138A - Water turbine draft tube with vortex restraining function - Google Patents

Water turbine draft tube with vortex restraining function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104121138A
CN104121138A CN201410363761.3A CN201410363761A CN104121138A CN 104121138 A CN104121138 A CN 104121138A CN 201410363761 A CN201410363761 A CN 201410363761A CN 104121138 A CN104121138 A CN 104121138A
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China
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conical section
draft tube
whirlpool
water turbine
along
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CN201410363761.3A
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CN104121138B (en
Inventor
罗先武
于安
季斌
纪晶晶
黄仁芳
王琳
许洪元
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a draft tube with the vortex restraining function, and belongs to the technical field of water turbines. The draft tube comprises a draft tube inlet, an upper conical section, a middle conical section, a lower conical section, an elbow tube section, a draft tube outlet and at least one vortex restraining device, wherein the vortex restraining devices are arranged on the inner wall face of the middle conical section, preferably, the number of the vortex restraining devices ranges from two to six, and the upper conical section, the middle conical section and the lower conical section are coaxial. All the vortex restraining devices are of a half-splitting structure and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the shape, along the axis vertical section, of the half-splitting structure is trapezoidal. The vortex restraining devices are not prone to being damaged by actions of water flow and small in occupied space, does not affect hydraulic performance of a water turbine under other working conditions while restraining vortex actions under the partial load working condition of the water turbine, and can obviously restrain movement of the water flow in the circumferential direction and relieve hydraulic pressure pulses of the water turbine, so that operation stability of the water turbine is improved, the safe operation range of the water turbine is widened, and the working condition adjusting capacity is improved.

Description

A kind of have an inhibiting turbine draft tube of whirlpool
Technical field
The present invention relates to turbine draft tube, particularly there is the inhibiting turbine draft tube of whirlpool, be suitable for improving the internal flow of hydroelectric power plant water turbine draft tube when off-design operating mode is moved.
Background technique
The whirlpool band of turbine draft tube is a kind of special whirlpool form, especially at partial load condition, when (referring to that hydraulic turbine operation flow is less than the operating mode of design discharge), can cause violent pressure pulsation, has a strong impact on the safe operation of Hydropower Plant.The pressure pulsation causing in order to alleviate turbine draft tube swirl flow, has taked series of measures in engineering; These measures mainly comprise following three aspects: 1) by changing rotary wheel of water turbine, design, and to alleviate the intensity of whirlpool in draft tube, the patented technologies such as CN201133321 as disclosed in Chinese patent literature, CN1530538, CN1499073; 2) ventilation or water through structure are set in water turbine, introduce jet and suppress swirl flow and the pressure pulsation in draft tube, as disclosed patented technologies such as Chinese patent literature CN101501329, CN200975311, CN101975132A; 3) by certain whirlpool is set, suppresses structure and realize pressure pulsation and control; For example CN1702317 is provided with an axial--flow blading structure between runner and draft tube, for whirlpool, controls.As the electromagnetic eddy inhibitor device of CN1740556 proposition; As the oscillatory type vortex generator of CN202140227U proposition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of inhibiting turbine draft tube of whirlpool that has, by changing pressure distribution and the whirlpool intensity in draft tube, reach the effect of alleviating pressure pulsation in water turbine, improve on the whole stability and the Security of water turbine when partial load condition.
Technological scheme of the present invention is as follows:
There is a draft tube that suppresses whirlpool effect, comprise draft tube import, upper conical section, lower conical section, ell section and draft tube outlet, upper conical section and lower conical section coaxial line, the semi-cone angle of upper conical section and lower conical section is respectively θ 1and θ 3, it is characterized in that: between described upper conical section and lower conical section, be provided with middle conical section, conical section and upper conical section and lower conical section coaxial line in this, the semi-cone angle of middle conical section is θ 2; On middle conical section internal face, along the circumferential direction at least arrange a whirlpool restraining device, each whirlpool restraining device is minute half structure, this minute half structure trapezoidal along being shaped as of axis longitudinal plane, and minute half structure is symmetrical with respect to middle conical section bus; Within described minute, half structure is less than or equal to the semi-cone angle θ of middle conical section along the angle α of the trapezoidal dual-side of axis longitudinal plane 2.
Technical characteristics of the present invention is also: minute half structure of whirlpool restraining device is along the trapezoidal thickness b of axis longitudinal plane 0with the ratio of the diameter D of described draft tube import be 1/320～1/160, trapezoidal height h is 1/100～1/40 with the ratio of D; The bottom total length b of this whirlpool restraining device on circumferentially deploying figure 2with the ratio of D be 1/72～1/24, and b 2lower length b for minute half structure 13～6 times.
Another technical characteristics of the present invention is: at described middle conical section internal face, along the circumferential direction preferably arrange 2-6 whirlpool restraining device, and be along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed.
Another technical characteristics of the present invention is: the pass between upper conical section, middle conical section and the semi-cone angle of lower conical section is 7 °>=θ 1>=θ 2>=θ 3>=1 °.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and technique effect: 1., because draft tube is divided into relatively independent three sections in the conical section near import, be conducive to need to change according to design the structural design of each section, meet better the requirement of flow design.The semi-cone angle θ of three conical section 1>=θ 2>=θ 3, can progressively reduce where necessary conical section diffusion angle, reduce the hydraulic loss of draft tube; 2. whirlpool restraining device of the present invention is umbilicate minute half structure.When hydraulic turbine operation is during in partial load condition, in draft tube, band motion in whirlpool causes circumferential speed to increase, and pressure distribution is along the circumferential direction very inhomogeneous.Now, the projective structure of whirlpool restraining device both sides can slow down current motion along the circumferential direction on the one hand, and the water velocity of whirlpool restraining device intermediate recess part levels off to zero on the other hand, pressure is had by a relatively large margin and reply.Can suppress the whirlpool in draft tube like this, improve the pressure pulsation of water turbine, be conducive to improve water turbine energy conversion efficiency.3. whirlpool restraining device and middle conical section are integrated, its minute half structure trapezoidal along being shaped as of axis longitudinal plane, and the angle α of this trapezoidal dual-side is not more than the semi-cone angle θ of middle conical section 2, belong to highly stable structure.Compare with draft tube air-breather or other whirlpool restraining device, whirlpool restraining device of the present invention is not subject to the damage of flow action.4. whirlpool restraining device is at the shared small volume of middle conical section, so it does not affect the hydraulic performance of water turbine under other operating mode in whirlpool effect under suppressing water turbine partial load condition.
Therefore, employing has the inhibiting turbine draft tube of whirlpool and can make turbine draft tube have good whirlpool inhibitory action, alleviate the pressure pulsation of water turbine under partial load condition, improve the operational reliability of water turbine, and effectively expand range of safety operation and the operation regulating power of water turbine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inhibiting turbine draft tube structural principle of the whirlpool schematic diagram (main sectional view) that has provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the I partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, and this figure is that minute half structure is along the shape of axis longitudinal plane.
Fig. 3 is the circumferentially deploying figure of whirlpool restraining device.
Fig. 4 is the plan view of whirlpool restraining device.
In figure: the import of 1-draft tube; The upper conical section of 2-; Conical section in 3-; 4-ell section; The outlet of 5-draft tube; Conical section under 6-; 7-whirlpool restraining device; Conical section bus in 8-; Conical section internal face in 9-; The bottom of 10-whirlpool restraining device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, principle of the present invention, structure and working procedure are further described.
Fig. 1 is the main sectional view with the turbine draft tube of whirlpool restraining device provided by the invention, this turbine draft tube comprises draft tube import 1, upper conical section 2, middle conical section 3, lower conical section 6, ell section 4 and draft tube outlet 5, middle conical section 3 is arranged between conical section and lower conical section, three conical section coaxial lines layouts, the semi-cone angle of upper conical section 2, middle conical section 3 and lower conical section 6 is respectively θ 1, θ 2and θ 3.On described middle conical section internal face 9, along the circumferential direction at least arrange a whirlpool restraining device 7, be preferably 2～6, and be along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed.Each whirlpool restraining device is minute half structure, this minute half structure trapezoidal along being shaped as of axis longitudinal plane, and minute half structure is symmetrical with respect to middle conical section bus 8; Within described minute, half structure is less than or equal to the semi-cone angle θ of middle conical section along the angle α of the trapezoidal dual-side of axis longitudinal plane 2(as shown in Figure 2).
Minute half structure of whirlpool restraining device is along the trapezoidal thickness b of axis longitudinal plane 0with the ratio of the diameter D of described draft tube import 1 be 1/320～1/160, trapezoidal height h is 1/100～1/40 with the ratio of D; The bottom total length b of the circumferentially deploying figure of this whirlpool restraining device 2with the ratio of D be 1/72～1/24, and b 2lower length b for minute half structure 13～6 times (referring to Fig. 3).
As shown in Figure 4, whirlpool restraining device is along the circumferential direction close to middle conical section internal face 9 and is arranged, when hydraulic turbine operation is during at partial load condition, the current with certain circumferencial direction speed flow into draft tube from draft tube import 1, successively by each conical section, the rear outflow draft tube outlet 5 of ell section 4.Current when conical section, middle conical section and lower conical section, because basal area constantly increases, can form vortex movement-whirlpool band that area of influence expands gradually in process.This whirlpool band transmits on the one hand downstream, causes on the one hand pressure pulsation violent in water turbine.When current process whirlpool restraining device 7, minute half structure for projection will stop whirlpool, and current speed is along the circumferential direction declined, thereby reduce the whirlpool intensity of middle conical section wall place current; Owing to dividing the middle part of half structure, be depression, can further reduce the speed of current, the pressure of current is recovered, balanced pressure distribution along the circumferential direction.Like this, the whirlpool remitted its fury that not only makes current direction downstream transmit, the more important thing is and alleviated water turbine inside because of the violent pressure pulsation that whirlpool band causes, and is conducive to safety, the stable operation of water turbine.

Claims (4)

1. one kind has the draft tube that suppresses whirlpool effect, comprise draft tube import (1), upper conical section (2), lower conical section (6), ell section (4) and draft tube outlet (5), upper conical section and lower conical section coaxial line, the semi-cone angle of upper conical section (2) and lower conical section (6) is respectively θ 1and θ 3, it is characterized in that: between described upper conical section and lower conical section, be provided with middle conical section (3), conical section and upper conical section and lower conical section coaxial line in this, the semi-cone angle of middle conical section is θ 2; At middle conical section internal face (9), along the circumferential direction at least arrange a whirlpool restraining device (7), each whirlpool restraining device is minute half structure, this minute half, structure was trapezoidal along being shaped as of axis longitudinal plane, and minute half structure is symmetrical with respect to middle conical section bus (8); Within described minute, half structure is less than or equal to the semi-cone angle θ of middle conical section along the angle α of the trapezoidal dual-side of axis longitudinal plane 2.
2. according to a kind of draft tube that suppresses whirlpool effect that has claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: minute half structure of whirlpool restraining device is along the trapezoidal thickness b of axis longitudinal plane 0with the ratio of the diameter D of described draft tube import (1) be 1/320～1/160, described trapezoidal height h is 1/100～1/40 with the ratio of D; The bottom total length b of this whirlpool restraining device on circumferentially deploying figure 2with the ratio of D be 1/72～1/24, and b 2lower length b for minute half structure 13～6 times.
3. according to a kind of draft tube with the effect of inhibition whirlpool described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: at described middle conical section internal face (9), along the circumferential direction preferably arrange 2～6 whirlpool restraining devices, and be along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed.
4. according to a kind of draft tube with the effect of inhibition whirlpool described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the pass between upper conical section (2), middle conical section (3) and the semi-cone angle of lower conical section (6) is 7 °>=θ 1>=θ 2>=θ 3>=1 °.
CN201410363761.3A 2014-07-28 2014-07-28 A kind of turbine draft tube with whirlpool inhibitory action Active CN104121138B (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105240186A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-01-13 江苏大学 Hydraulic design method for tail water pipe of small hydraulic turbine device
CN105275711A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-01-27 江苏大学 Hydraulic design method for bent tail water pipe of hydraulic turbine device
CN106542046A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-03-29 中国运载火箭技术研究院 A kind of disturbed flow type turbo-charger set afterbody damping device
CN109441691A (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-03-08 西北农林科技大学 A kind of draft tube band cowling panel Francis turbine
CN110259622A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-09-20 江苏大学 A kind of conical draft tube with ellipse and regular hexagonal cell
CN110296032A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-01 西安理工大学 A kind of two-way full-tubular hydraulic turbine of high-performance
CN114526392A (en) * 2022-02-10 2022-05-24 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Vortex band device is eliminated in mixing of draft tube

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JPS54125333A (en) * 1978-03-24 1979-09-28 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Hydraulic machinery
WO2002084125A1 (en) * 2001-04-13 2002-10-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Turbo machinery
CN1702317A (en) * 2005-07-15 2005-11-30 清华大学 Mixed flow water turbine with an eddy suppressor
CN201083177Y (en) * 2007-10-12 2008-07-09 杭州电子科技大学 Draft tube
CN102828884A (en) * 2012-08-03 2012-12-19 清华大学 Jet flow groove structure for inhibiting turbine draft tube cavitation vortex strip
CN103726973A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-16 浙江理工大学 Mixed-flow turbine draft tube improvement method based on energy gradient theory

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54125333A (en) * 1978-03-24 1979-09-28 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Hydraulic machinery
WO2002084125A1 (en) * 2001-04-13 2002-10-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Turbo machinery
CN1702317A (en) * 2005-07-15 2005-11-30 清华大学 Mixed flow water turbine with an eddy suppressor
CN201083177Y (en) * 2007-10-12 2008-07-09 杭州电子科技大学 Draft tube
CN102828884A (en) * 2012-08-03 2012-12-19 清华大学 Jet flow groove structure for inhibiting turbine draft tube cavitation vortex strip
CN103726973A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-16 浙江理工大学 Mixed-flow turbine draft tube improvement method based on energy gradient theory

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105240186A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-01-13 江苏大学 Hydraulic design method for tail water pipe of small hydraulic turbine device
CN105275711A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-01-27 江苏大学 Hydraulic design method for bent tail water pipe of hydraulic turbine device
CN106542046A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-03-29 中国运载火箭技术研究院 A kind of disturbed flow type turbo-charger set afterbody damping device
CN109441691A (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-03-08 西北农林科技大学 A kind of draft tube band cowling panel Francis turbine
CN110259622A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-09-20 江苏大学 A kind of conical draft tube with ellipse and regular hexagonal cell
CN110259622B (en) * 2019-05-15 2020-09-25 江苏大学 Straight-cone-shaped draft tube with elliptical and regular hexagonal grids
CN110296032A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-01 西安理工大学 A kind of two-way full-tubular hydraulic turbine of high-performance
CN114526392A (en) * 2022-02-10 2022-05-24 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Vortex band device is eliminated in mixing of draft tube
CN114526392B (en) * 2022-02-10 2023-09-22 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Vortex band eliminating device for mixing of draft tube

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