CN104118451B - The establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a kind of shared right of way - Google Patents

The establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a kind of shared right of way Download PDF

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CN104118451B
CN104118451B CN201410334030.6A CN201410334030A CN104118451B CN 104118451 B CN104118451 B CN 104118451B CN 201410334030 A CN201410334030 A CN 201410334030A CN 104118451 B CN104118451 B CN 104118451B
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tramcar
crossing
service chart
moment
time
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CN104118451A (en
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欧冬秀
董德存
王维旸
边冬
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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Abstract

The invention discloses the establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a kind of shared right of way, base map is drawn tramcar entrance crossing and authorizes time series figure;Obtain the arrival at each entity station of the train that specifies of train operation scheme, set out and pass through the moment, in the time of staying of switchback station;It is engraved on service chart during by each labelling line, the tramcar service chart obtained;When the moment that tramcar arrives crossing drops in time interval, Intersections starts red light early disconnected control strategy;Dropping in time interval when tramcar goes out moment of clear crossing completely, Intersections starts green light and postpones control strategy.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and by the tramcar service chart made, Intersections is adjusted, so that tramcar preferentially passes through crossing smoothly.

Description

The establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a kind of shared right of way
Technical field
The invention belongs to traffic programme technical field, relate to the establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a kind of shared right of way.
Background technology
The advantages such as tramcar, compared with city bus, BRT, has freight volume big, enjoys greater degree independence right of way, safer, quick;And compared with the urban public transport mode such as subway, light rail, then there is the features such as investment is low, the construction period is short, circuit strong adaptability.Tramcar is between subway and public transport, adapts to the emerging public transport mode of urban development.Tramcar is combined comparatively tight with urban highway traffic, maximum with traditional track traffic (such as railway or subway etc.) in running is distinctive in that tramcar will share right of way at urban road intersection with urban road.Just because of this, in order to ensure that tramcar runs and the highest by the priority in region, crossing, it is necessary to coordinate mutually with urban pavement traffic.Due to the existence of this difference, just street railway planning is brought many new problems with design, tramcar organization of driving, operation management etc..The present invention proposes the service chart preparation method of tramcar when shared right of way.
Similar with railway transportation, urban track traffic, tramcar needs service chart to realize rational management and the arrangement of train travelling process.Consider the feature of tramcar when shared right of way, though its service chart has part similar to railway, urban track traffic service chart, but also there is its difference.Traditional track traffic service chart preparation method is difficult to adapt to share tramcar service chart establishment under right of way.
Tradition service chart refers to the railway of existing use, urban track traffic service chart.When such service chart is laid, train operation is only limited by the interference of native system internal factor, for instance train operation organization, and the factor such as station operating time, train interval motion time, train operation is enjoyed and is completely independent right of way.The factor considered in the process of service chart establishment is based on static data and index, for instance train quantity is started in plan, available number of allocated passenger trains etc..Tramcar service chart is it is believed that the individual character part different from the tradition identical general character part of service chart and tradition service chart forms.
When tramcar is by urban intersection, owing to crossing is additionally subjected to the control of ground traffic signal light, cannot arbitrarily have right of way on time dimension for tramcar in region, crossing, but in part-time, only have right of way.Therefore when when shared right of way, finding tramcar train described in a kind of service chart compilation process is the key in service chart compilation process by the method for urban intersection.Need to carry out linkage with urban intersection when tramcar is by urban intersection to coordinate to control, it is considered to the factor that do not consider when being traditional railway service chart, the establishment of urban track traffic service chart that interacts between the two.
Traditional railway crossing management is preferential with railway operation, and when there being train to pass through, road junction is closed in advance, forbids that motor vehicles, bicycle and pedestrian etc. enter, and after train passes through, road junction releases and closes, and recovers normal pass.Such measures ensure that the absolute priority of railroad train passes through, but road pavement traffic impact is relatively big, and efficiency is all relatively low with handling capacity.This type of method is applicable to lower grade railway or non-busy section.Consider that the urban intersection that tramcar passes through is more, and tramcar density of dispatching a car is higher, therefore tramcar controls different with traditional level crossing with level-crossing coordination, except needing to add the linkage coordination control that intersection controls system and tramcar train control system, the more important thing is in tramcar service chart compilation process, take certain method, consider the impact of urban road intersection, write out the service chart coordinated mutually with urban road intersection signal timing dial, reduce conflicting between urban road and tramcar to the full extent, reach the safety of Transportation Organization with efficient.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide tramcar service chart preparation method under shared right of way, it is subject to the signal control interference of original road traffic when solving tramcar by existing road grade crossing by the time sometimes, causes the preferential problem by crossing affecting railcar train.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is to carry out according to following steps:
Step 1: draw tramcar on base map and enter crossing mandate time series figure;
Step 2: obtain the arrival at each entity station of the train that specifies of train operation scheme, set out and pass through the moment, in the time of staying of switchback station;
Step 3: by the arrival at entity station of each column train, set out, by the moment, labelling on service chart, by these moment point lines of same string train, the tramcar service chart obtained;
Step 4: according to tramcar service chart, adjust the Intersections time, all fall within original timing scheme green light period interval when tramcar arrives and leave the crossing time, therefore tramcar can not be affected by the existing signal time distributing conception in crossing, passes through crossing so that TP top priority is noiseless;When the moment that tramcar arrives crossing drops in time interval, Intersections starts red light early disconnected control strategy;Dropping in time interval when tramcar goes out moment of clear crossing completely, Intersections starts green light and postpones control strategy.
Further, described red light is disconnected control strategy early, refers to that red light finish time is done sth. in advance to moment t1 by original moment t2, and this scheme green time is t1 to the t3 time period;
Described green light postpones control strategy, and green light finish time is postponed to moment t4 by original moment t3, and this scheme green time is t2 to the t4 time period.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and by the tramcar service chart made, Intersections is adjusted, so that tramcar preferentially passes through crossing smoothly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tramcar crossing schematic diagram structural representation;
Fig. 2 is intersection signal phasing scheme;
Fig. 3 is intersection signal timing scheme;
Fig. 4 is that tramcar enters crossing mandate time series schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is tramcar service chart base map;
Fig. 6 is tramcar service chart schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that tramcar service chart generates timetable schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is that tramcar crossing coordinates to control Adjusted Option schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The movement of tramcar train is the result under a mixed traffic environment complicated and changeable by multiple factor effects.These environment and the existing Static implicit method of effect also have dynamic factor.The following factor of main consideration:
(1) line condition: circuit is the basis of train operation, it had both related to the factor of the building aspects such as ramp, curve, bridge, tunnel, crossing, also there is the factor of the electrically aspect such as track circuit, subitem insulator, also have operation management aspect factors such as running speed limit (including dynamic speed limit and static speed limit).Especially, under shared right of way, tramcar runs crossing, the road surface situation also needing to consider to intersect with its circuit, essential information including crossing, such as position, crossing, crossing width etc., also including the defined virtual gate position of front the studies above, the virtual platform length in crossing, the parameter such as speed limit, the virtual platform speed limit in crossing is passed through in crossing.
(2) train condition: train is one of main object of systematic study.It relates to the parameters such as traction and braking ability, train weight, train length and the marshalling of train, the maximum traction of train, braking acceleration, the internal arrangement form (passenger is to stand or all to have seat) of train.Meanwhile, urban tram many employings low-floor modern tram, its characteristic also has larger difference with tradition EMUs, subway train etc..
(3) signal conditioning: when there is many trains, effect of signals the operation of train, if train is less between following the trail of, it is likely that cause the operation of rear car to be subject to the interference of front truck.Simultaneously, different from traditional railway, subway signal condition, in urban tram running, signal conditioning is additionally subjected to run track with it and shares crossing, the road surface impact of right of way: train is when being about to arrival crossing and by crossing, in order to ensure that tramcar has
Having limit priority pass through crossing and run safety, signal conditioning can be subject to the impact of intersection signal timing factor.Intersection signal condition includes the cycle of intersection signal timing, phase place, phase lengths, coordination control adjustable surplus etc..
(4) power supply parameter: it includes traction power supply mode, the position supplying electric substation and major parameter, and emphasis is for electric propulsion environment.
(5) traction policy: train operation has many calculating preconditions, as focused on the economy energy-saving run of cost of transportation, focus on the operation of operation time and property on schedule, operation reserve is also affected by other factors etc. simultaneously, such as needing to ensure that safety suitably reduces the speed of service by region, crossing, it is considered to tramcar passes through urban district, and passenger is many to stand, opening in docking process at train, peak acceleration, maximum deceleration all have certain restriction.
Service chart establishment required information:
Service chart is that Transportation Organization provides business transportation service, meets the direct expression of transportation demand.The establishment of tramcar system train operation plan must take into full account all of aspect, and before working out plan, the establishment of service chart needs the preparation of technical parameter and the data carried out to include following aspect:
(1) each section timesharing running-plan in all fronts: determined by each station, each interval section passenger flow demand;
(2) the minimum interval of train: be subject to train operation organization, the impact of the factor such as train is turned back, train station operation;
(3) train is at the plan motion time in each interval, is subject to the factor impacts such as train performance, signal conditioning, traction policy;
(4) train is in the plan dwell time at each station: be subject to the factor impacts such as the volume of the flow of passengers size at each station, train marshalling list, car door ability;
(5) train turning back and the time of staying on switchback station/turn back line;
(6) time standard of train discrepancy rolling stock section;
(7) available train quantity;
(8) system is started a business time and business end time;
(9) train routing plan, refers to there is situation when length cross-channel coordinates;
(10) electric power system operation or work standard and plan;
(11) train crew working system, train crew quantity and working time standard;
(12) actual achievement statistics is run;
(13) equipment along the line uses and route colliding data;
(14) the crossing data of right of way is shared with train operation circuit: include the civil engineering information such as position, crossing, crossing width, also have intersection signal timing situation, train by the dynamic parameter such as crossing time simultaneously, also include the information such as the crossing speed limit that arranges to ensure safety;
Service chart compilation principles:
(1) when ensureing safe and reliable, improve the speed of service of train, reduce the motion time of train.Train running speed height is one of advantage of tramcar system, under the guaranteed premise of safety, by improving commercial speed, compression reciprocal time, reduces modes such as the warehouse-in activity duration, improves operational efficiency and the service level of system.
(2) facilitate passenger as far as possible.Train departure interval is mainly considered during establishment service chart.Under meeting running technology premise, select minima thus reducing the waiting time of passenger as far as possible.When arranging low ebb travel line, maximum route map of train interval is unsuitable excessive.
(3) ability of circuit and the ability of vehicle are made full use of.Under normal circumstances, the turning-back capacity of switchback station is the key of restriction ability completely, it is therefore necessary to the activity duration of turning back of turn back line is accurately calculated, arranges parallel operations as far as possible.When Car Turnover does not reach Operational requirements, reasonable arrangement vehicle to solve peak passenger organization.
(4) when ensureing freight volume demand, operation underbody group number reaches minimum.When ensureing freight volume demand, considering the key elements such as train running speed peak period, reciprocal time, Modes of train operation, making operation train quantity reach minimum, thus reducing vehicle population and the operation cost of system.
(5) the crossing Free Region represented on service chart is made full use of, determine that tramcar enters and goes out the clear crossing time, tramcar is made to pass through crossing with limit priority, tramcar is minimum by the intersection signal timing impact being subject in the process of crossing, and with limit priority, by crossing, the reliability of this situation unaffected is the highest.In conjunction with coordinating to control to adjust correlation technique, establishment drawing service chart realizes the tramcar limit priority by region, crossing.
According to conditions above, under the shared right of way of the present invention, the establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment are according to following steps:
Step 1: draw tramcar on base map and enter crossing mandate time series figure;
Carry out drawing service chart with conventional train one lattice service chart for base map.This service chart abscissa is time shaft, and unit scales is 1min.Vertical coordinate is distance, and on service chart, actual range size representated by unit sizes is the natural scale of this service chart.On service chart, train station uses station centre's one, line position place horizontal line next equivalently represented.The position in service chart vertical coordinate direction, horizontal line place obtains divided by service chart vertical coordinate scale according to station centre's line position coordinate.In service chart, the distance of adjacent Liang Ge entity station centre line meets the constraint of service chart scale with the ratio of the actual range at two stations in practical situation.On tramcar service chart, each entity interchange of position is drawn according to scale.
For the process at virtual station on service chart, consider that urban tram Stations Spacing is generally at 800m to 1.5km, and the zone length size of urban intersection is about this order of magnitude of 50m to 100m, the subcrossing zone length size even having is less than 50m scope.If two kinds of distances of urban tram Stations Spacing of the crossing region distance of about 50 meters and about 1.5km are by same scale compression, then it is difficult to clearly show crossing areas case on service chart, and this partial picture contains the key element that urban tram runs, it is thus desirable to arrange special region, crossing amplification coefficient, ensure the clear display in region, crossing.This magnification ratio clearly can show crossing area condition on service chart, and service chart will not be made to become unintelligible for standard when expressing region, crossing.Use natural scale and amplification coefficient, it is determined that and draw virtual vehicle and stand in position, service chart drawing vertical coordinate place, and with virtual station centrage, virtual station is stated.Being used for representing in the virtual interval folded by virtual station, two, shared right of way crossing, be converted to whether tramcar allows access into the time series that crossing authorizes according to intersection signal timing scheme.
Level-crossing is as shown in Figure 1.Tramcar travel direction is direction B, and the Ground Vehicle flow path direction conflicted with it is direction A.The phase place of this crossing is two phase place, and phasing scheme is with timing as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.This timing scheme is formed a cycle by phase place A and phase place B, and reciprocal with each loop cycle.The start time in cycle can be obtained, then intersection signal timing scheme be converted to the tramcar on service chart whether allow access into crossing authorize time series as shown in Figure 4.According to authorizing time series, obtain tramcar service chart and draw coordinate base map, as shown in Figure 5.
Step 2: obtain the arrival at each entity station of the train that specifies of train operation scheme, set out and pass through the moment, in the time of staying of switchback station.In order to ensure safety, corresponding interval cannot be less than the minima of a regulation.As shown in Figure 4, the moment at certain row tramcar arrival B station is moment t3, and the motion time between train A AT STATION and station B is t3-t2, and this row tramcar must be t1 from the moment at A station.
Step 3: by the arrival at entity station of each column train, set out, by the moment, labelling on service chart, by these moment point lines of same string train;From early morning first velocipede, to night last bus, during establishment, each column train is from train outbound, and from the starting station, drawing, to switchback station, after certain operation, is returned by switchback station always.The tramcar service chart schematic diagram obtained is as shown in Figure 6.Tramcar service chart is the holographic recording of tramcar position and time relationship in tramcar running.Tramcar timetable can be generated according to above-mentioned worked out tramcar service chart.Concrete generation method is: according to service chart, selects certain entity station centre line, is successively read tramcar train and arrives and leave the moment at this station and be recorded as a form, and this form is the tramcar arrival at this station and leaves the table time of running.Fig. 7 is a tramcar service chart schematic diagram, it is possible to obtaining tramcar travel line 1 from figure, to arrive moment of entity station A be t1, and the moment leaving entity station A is t2;The moment arriving entity station B is t3, and the moment leaving entity station B is t4.These 4 moment are labeled by dashed circle in the drawings.According to these 4 moment, it is possible to generate the timetable of tramcar 1 A AT STATION and station B, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 tramcar timetable
Due in Tramcar 1 Departure time
t1 Station A t2
t3 Station B t4
Step 4: crossing timing scheme, it is relevant that intersection signal timing scheme not only controls system timing scheme to original roadway sign, also to tramcar arrival, to leave the crossing moment relevant.Tramcar time by crossing, namely tramcar takies the tramcar train that time of crossing is equivalent to from service chart to read and arrive and the difference in the moment leaving virtual interval, the difference in the virtual platform A moment namely read and virtual platform B moment.
In order to ensure that tramcar can with TP top priority by sharing intersection when right of way, it is not subjected to intersection signal timing impact and increases by incuring loss through delay, therefore just require above by virtual interval process time period in, intersection signal timing scheme is open to tramcar, no matter namely which kind of timing scheme road traffic adopts, it is necessary to ensure in this moment tramcar is open.The crossing A phase place current moment is the red light moment, and now B-phase does not allow to pass through, and the crossing B-phase current moment is the green light moment, and now A phase place does not allow to pass through.
Scheme 1: red light is disconnected control strategy early, red light finish time, this scheme green time was t1-t3 by original moment t2 ahead of time to moment t1.
Scheme 2: green light postpones control strategy, green light finish time is postponed to moment t4 by original moment t3, and this scheme green time is t4-t2.
According to the every string train of mark transit time on platform on tramcar service chart, tramcar is summarized as following three kinds of situations by the situation of crossing, carries out classification narration according to Fig. 8.
Tramcar by the time as shown in situation one time, tramcar arrives and leaves the crossing time and all fall within original timing scheme green light period interval, therefore tramcar can not be affected by the existing signal time distributing conception in crossing, passes through crossing so that TP top priority is noiseless.
Tramcar by the time as shown in situation two time, tramcar arrive crossing moment drop in time interval, now original signal time distributing conception tramcar direction is red light.If crossing is still run with original timing scheme, then tramcar arrives crossing and will be subject to intersection signal interference, causes parking waiting, and now tramcar can not pass through crossing with most high traffic grade.Therefore, need to start red light early disconnected control strategy at this moment, select the timing scheme (scheme 1) that red light is early disconnected, red light finish time was done sth. in advance to the moment by the original moment, this scheme green time is, ensure not affected by signal integrative design intersection when tramcar is by crossing to occasion a delay, it is achieved the tramcar limit priority by crossing.
Tramcar by the time as shown in situation three time, tramcar goes out the moment of clear crossing completely and drops in time interval, now original signal time distributing conception will make tramcar also not go out region, clear crossing just to become red light, now conflict direction road vehicles will be let pass, conflict direction wagon flow is caused to simultaneously enter crossing, it is difficult to ensure crossing region security.Therefore, need to start green light at this moment and postpone control strategy, select the timing scheme (scheme 2) that green light postpones, green light finish time was postponed to the moment by the original moment, this scheme green time is, ensure to cannot be introduced into crossing in tramcar direction wagon flow of conflicting when not going out clear crossing, it is ensured that the safety in region, crossing and tramcar are with region, TP top priority safety crossing.
Therefore, in order to realize the tramcar priority pass by region, crossing, the present invention is according to the tramcar service chart electric car moment obtained, the traffic light signal timing in allotment region, crossing.Obtain final meet tramcar can the intersection signal timing scheme of priority pass.
Additionally, there is also service chart establishment constraint when working out service chart: when drawing detail drawing, it should be noted that guarantee the boarding safety of traffic safety and passenger.For that purpose it is necessary to accomplish:
A () is in accordance with train interval motion time and train dwelling time standard;
(b) in accordance with train in switchback station time of staying standard;
C () is in accordance with time interval between trains spaced by automatic block signals and time interval between two adjacent trains at station standard;
D () is in accordance with crew's stream time standard;
When () train is turned back AT STATION e, being parked in the train number on switchback station should adapt with the circuit number at this station simultaneously;
F, when () train meeting AT STATION and overtaking, the train number being simultaneously parked in station should with the adapting to hair line number of this station.
G () tramcar train is when crossing area operation, travel line should ensure to drop in the current period of tramcar direction in original intersection signal timing scheme through sharing right of way crossing (i.e. the virtual interval at adjacent virtual station) the crossing period as far as possible, namely in service chart green area.
The tramcar service chart woven carries out service chart establishment check: after drawing well new service chart, it is necessary to service chart Compilation Quality is checked comprehensively, and the content of inspection includes:
(1) service chart implements required underbody quantity;
(2) whether service on buses or trains programme of work exceedes required standard;
(3) when needing to lay repair and maintenance, maintenance, debugging train night, it is ensured that dispatching a car of train does not conflict with the normal operation time mutually with returning the vehicle to the garage and knock off;
(4) can tramcar service chart when for shared right of way, in addition it is also necessary to check whether the service chart of establishment conflicts mutually with original road traffic signal timing scheme, ensure that tramcar passes through crossing with limit priority.
For some problem found in checking, it is necessary to return to initial launch figure and some travel line is revised again, until obtaining satisfied service chart.
Advantages of the present invention: solve tradition service chart and can not represent this defect of urban intersection, pass through the present invention, the impact that tramcar is run by Urban Intersection Signal Timing scheme can be described and displaying on service chart, the tramcar moment by urban intersection can also be obtained according to tramcar service chart simultaneously, coordinate to control to provide foundation for intersection signal.Consider to represent clear, the invention allows for and adopt different scale to represent Stations Spacing and urban intersection region respectively on same tramcar service chart so that this kind of for urban intersection small size can be however it is necessary that the key element paid close attention to clearly represents by service chart.
The above is only the better embodiment to the present invention, not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every any simple modification embodiment of above done according to the technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a shared right of way, it is characterised in that carry out according to following steps:
Step 1: draw tramcar on base map and enter crossing mandate time series figure;
Step 2: obtain the arrival at each entity station of the train that specifies of train operation scheme, set out and pass through the moment, in the time of staying of switchback station;
Step 3: by the arrival at entity station of each column train, set out, by the moment, labelling on service chart, by these moment point lines of same string train, the tramcar service chart obtained;
Step 4: according to tramcar service chart, adjust the Intersections time, all fall within original timing scheme green light period interval when tramcar arrives and leave the crossing time, therefore tramcar can not be affected by the existing signal time distributing conception in crossing, passes through crossing so that TP top priority is noiseless;When the moment that tramcar arrives crossing drops in time interval, Intersections starts red light early disconnected control strategy;Dropping in time interval when tramcar goes out moment of clear crossing completely, Intersections starts green light and postpones control strategy;
Described red light is disconnected control strategy early, refers to that red light finish time is done sth. in advance to moment t1 by original moment t2, and this scheme green time is t1 to the t3 time period;
Described green light postpones control strategy, and green light finish time is postponed to moment t4 by original moment t3, and this scheme green time is t2 to the t4 time period;
Described step 1: in " draw tramcar on base map and enter crossing mandate time series figure ", it is provided with special region, crossing amplification coefficient, ensure the clear display in region, crossing, this magnification ratio clearly can show crossing area condition on service chart, and service chart will not be made to become unintelligible for standard when expressing region, crossing;
Described step 1: in " draw tramcar on base map and enter crossing mandate time series figure ", use natural scale and amplification coefficient, determine and draw virtual vehicle and stand in position, service chart drawing vertical coordinate place, and with virtual station centrage, virtual station is stated;Being used for representing in the virtual interval folded by virtual station, two, shared right of way crossing, be converted to whether tramcar allows access into the time series that crossing authorizes according to intersection signal timing scheme.
2. the establishment of tramcar service chart and signal lights method of adjustment under a kind of shared right of way described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 3: in " by the arrival at entity station of each column train, set out, pass through the moment; labelling on service chart; by these moment point lines of same string train; the tramcar service chart obtained ", service chart includes from early morning first velocipede, to night last bus, during establishment, each column train is from train outbound, from the starting station always drawing to switchback station, after certain operation, switchback station return.
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