CN104117198B - 关节运动支撑护具 - Google Patents

关节运动支撑护具 Download PDF

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CN104117198B
CN104117198B CN201410365832.3A CN201410365832A CN104117198B CN 104117198 B CN104117198 B CN 104117198B CN 201410365832 A CN201410365832 A CN 201410365832A CN 104117198 B CN104117198 B CN 104117198B
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joint
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breach
support protective
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CN104117198A (zh
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袁洪涛
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Priority to US15/328,654 priority patent/US20170224515A1/en
Priority to EP15827075.1A priority patent/EP3175894B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/085291 priority patent/WO2016015622A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
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Abstract

本发明公开一种关节运动支撑护具，它包括与关节外形相吻合的关节保护主体以及将其贴紧于人体关节的固定装置，该固定装置采用若干设有倒钩及卡扣的条状固定带，所述的关节保护主体上靠近关节活动区域设若干由顶部向下延伸但不穿透底部的上缺口，上缺口相应位置由底边向上延伸处还开设对应的下缺口，关节保护主体因此被分割成若干关节片，上缺口与下边缘之间相连处成为相邻关节片之间转动支点。本发明关节运动支撑护具可有效保护手指关节，结构轻薄；与关节部位贴合牢靠，并且不影响关节正常运动，结构简单成本低，能有效及方便地佩带及拆卸。

Description

关节运动支撑护具
技术领域
本发明涉及人体运动保护器具技术领域，尤其是关于人体关节运动涉及的支撑护具。
背景技术
目前关节护具主要有两种：带皮筋的弹性纤维织物护具及塑胶支撑护具。带皮筋的弹性纤维织物护具常见的有护踝，护腕，护膝，护腰，护指等，其原理是利用材料的弹性增加关节稳定性，对外部伤害和过度变形起到一定的缓冲及阻止作用。但由于它是一种单一材料及结构，对各个方向的物理性能是一样的，在兼顾关节的活动功能的要求下，对关节的保护作用是有限的。原因很简单：如果为了增加对关节的保护作用，需要增加捆绑力度，这样会影响关节的活动；相反如果为了顾及关节活动而降低捆绑力度，则对关节的保护会降低。塑胶支撑护具常见的有滑冰滑雪等运动的的保护膝盖的护具，足球守门员手套内的指关节支撑护具。此类护具弥补了前者的某些不足，但此类护具目前的结构存在体积较大，与身体不贴合，配带不舒适，结构复杂因而成本较高等缺点。
本专利最主要的适应领域之一为篮球运动护指，纵观目前还没有一种理想的篮球护指，而本专利结构应用于篮球护指是最充分体现此专利结构的优点的。
对篮球爱好者来说，手指戮伤虽然通常来说不会像其它部位如膝盖，脚踝的伤那样致命，但因为手指本身纤细脆弱，不能承受太大力气，同时手指时刻与篮球接接触，所以更容易受伤。而一旦受伤，势必对篮球运动造成严重影响。手指受伤后更加脆弱，所以很容易重复受伤，导致长时间不能恢复。篮球运动领域一直希望出现一种能对手指起到有效保护的篮球护指。但是目前似乎还找不到有这种功能的护指。目前市面上只有一种护指，那就是带皮筋的弹性筒状护指。但这种护指影响手感，且对手指的保护很有限，因此，开发一种对手指能起到很好保护同时又不影响手感的护指，仍是一个有待解决的课题。
从机械力学常识可知，对细长物体而言，物体能承受的沿长度方向的压缩和拉伸的力远远大于能承受的朝其它方向其它性质的力如折弯扭曲的力。因此我们有理由推断，只要我们的护指能够阻止外力使手指关节过度弯曲，我们的手指就能得到很好的保护。我们下面的实验也验证了这一点：在手指周围较松地固定刚度较好的筒状物，使手指基本保持在一个伸直的状态，然后对手指施加各个方向的力。结果我们发现，手指在存受非常大的冲击力时没有感觉明显的疼痛。这为我们开发一种新的篮球护指提供了一种新的思路：通过某种材料或结构，有足够的强度，能阻止手指关节过度弯曲和，就能够很好地达到保护手指关节的效果。但由于篮球运动中手指需要运球，投篮等动作，因此篮球护指不能过于僵硬，它需要在手指正常活动范围内弯曲自如。也就是说，这种护指要求在不同方向有不同的力学性能。此外，护指要求结构简单，固定和解开方便。但手指本身尺寸很小，用常用的魔术贴不能达到很好的固定效果，且手指上缠绕魔术贴会影响手感。而采用其它通常的固定方式如绑绳固定，一只手是不能操作的(一个人只有两只手)。对此，本专利提出了一套很好的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题在于克服以上现有缺陷，提供一种新式的，体积轻薄、能与关节部位贴合，不影响关节正常运动，结构简单成本低，主体结构以塑胶材料注射成型，再配合以合适的固定装置组成的关节运动支撑护具。
本发明提出的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种关节运动支撑护具，包括与关节外形相吻合的关节保护主体以及与所述关节保护主体相连或接触并将关节保护主体紧贴于人体关节的固定装置，其中：所述的关节保护主体上接近关节活动处开设若干由顶部向下延伸但不穿透底部的上缺口，关节保护主体因此被分割成若干关节片，上缺口与下边缘之间未穿透的连接处即构成相邻关节片之间的转动支点，所述上缺口的开口宽度满足：当关节伸直时所述上缺口的两个相邻关节片刚好彼此接触。
可优选的方案为：所述上缺口相应位置由底边向上延伸处还开设对应的下缺口，下缺口与上缺口一一对应，所述的下缺口高度小于所述上缺口的深度，其中，下缺口高度与上缺口深度之比为1：2～1：8，所述关节保护主体因此分割成若干关节片，上缺口与下缺口之间相连处即构成相邻关节片之间的转动支点。
优选情况是：所述上缺口或下缺口及关节片的边缘处导圆角，以改善关节运动支撑护具的性能。
就本发明采用的固定装置而言，具体可选方案是：所述固定装置采用若干条固定带，该固定带一端与所述关节保护主体一侧一体化成型，固定带未端设至少一个卡扣，所述关节保护主体上开设与卡扣相匹配的若干通孔，固定带绕过关节后可借助卡扣与通孔扣合而与关节保护主体扣紧，使得关节保护主体紧贴固定在关节上。在上述结构基础上，固定带另一端还可以设有至少一个锯齿状钩体，所述关节保护主体上相应开设与所述锯齿状钩体相匹配的对应通孔或者半通孔。
就关节保护主体固定方式来说，其他可选：所述固定装置采用魔术贴或弹力指套、独立的固定带，只要是能将所述塑料关节保护主体很好与人体关节部位贴合、牢靠即可。
本发明取得如下良好的技术效果及优点：本发明关节运动支撑护具可有效保护(手指)关节，结构轻薄；与关节部位贴合牢靠，并且不影响关节正常运动，结构简单成本低，能有效及方便地佩带及拆卸。
附图简要说明：
图1为本发明关节运动支撑护具的正面立体图；
图2为本发明关节运动支撑护具的侧视立体图；
图3为本发明关节运动支撑护具的侧面剖视图；
图4为本发明关节运动支撑护具的使用状态图之一；
图5为本发明关节运动支撑护具的使用状态图之二；
图6为本发明关节运动支撑护具的扣紧固定带的剖面图；
图7为本发明关节运动支撑护具的侧视图；
图8为本发明关节运动支撑护具的局部剖面图。
标号说明：
1-关节保护主体； 2-固定装置； 11-上缺口；
12-关节片； 13-转动支点； 14-下缺口；
21-锯齿状钩体； 22-卡扣； 23-通孔；
24-半通孔。
具体实施方式：
下面结合具体实施例及说明书附图，对本发明的技术方案作详细描述：
本发明实施例如附图1及图2所示，本发明的关节运动支撑护具，包括横截面为弧状并与关节形状大小及长度相吻合的关节保护主体1以及与所述关节保护主体相连或接触并将关节保护主体紧贴于人体关节的固定装置2，其中：所述的关节保护主体上靠近关节活动域开设若干由顶部向下延伸但不穿透底部的上缺口11，藉此上缺口11将所述关节保护主体1分割成若干关节片12，上缺口11与下边缘之间未穿透的连接处即构成相邻关节片12之间的转动支点13，相邻关节片可以绕转动支点12转动，相邻关节片相互接触后不再转动，以达到阻止关节向手背方向过度弯曲以保护手指的目的。对手指关节而言，最主要是需要防止手指向背面过度扭曲，这是手指关节受伤最最要的情况。当不考虑限制手指关节向手心方向弯曲时，可采用上述实施例的情形。
本发明列举的一个实施例，详见图1及图2所示，其中所述上缺口相应位置由底边向上延伸处还开设对应的下缺口14，下缺口14与上缺口11一一对应，所述的下缺口14高度小于所述上缺口11的深度，具体可选范围如下：下缺口14高度与上缺口11深度之比为1：2～1：8，藉此上缺口11及下缺口14将所述关节保护主体1分割成若干关节片12，上缺口11与下缺口14之间相连处即构成相邻关节片之间的转动支点13。当关节伸直时所述上缺口的两个相邻关节片彼此接触，此时由于关节保护主体的刚性支撑力作用，相邻关节片相互接触后不再转动，以达到阻止关节向手背方向过度弯曲以保护手指的目的。当关节向手心方向弯曲到一定程度，所述下缺口缺口的两个相邻关节片彼此接触，此时由于关节保护主体的刚性支撑力作用，相邻关节片相互接触后不再转动，以达到阻止关节向手心方向过度弯曲以保护手指的目的。附图3提供了剖面图。
如图1及图6所示，为将关节保护主体贴紧于人体关节处，本发明还设置与关节保护主体相连或者活接的固定装置，固定装置采用若干条状固定带2，该固定带2一端与所述关节保护主体1一侧一体化成型，未端设至少一个卡扣22，所述关节保护主体1上开设与所述卡扣22相匹配的若干通孔23，固定带2绕过关节后可借助该卡扣22与关节保护主体1上所设的通孔23的扣合而与关节保护主体扣紧，使得关节运动支撑护具套紧固定在关节上。作为另一可选方案，固定带2另一端还可设有至少一个锯齿状钩体21，所述关节保护主体1上开设与所述锯齿状钩体21相匹配的若干通孔23或者半通孔24，以便于锯齿状钩体21与通孔23或半通孔24扣合，附图图7、图8揭示了卡扣扣紧到通孔中的细节状态；锯齿状钩体21和卡扣22与不同的方形通孔23或半通孔24配合，可以调节固定带的松紧，从而使同一关节保护主体在一定程度上能适应不同大小的手指。
本专利扣合在人体手指上、正常状态如附图4所示，伸直状态如图5所示。
根据不同领域护具固定的需要，固定装置2的也可以选择采用一种其它类型的合适的结构形式，如采用传统的魔术贴固定，镶嵌固定于手套及弹性织物中，或者用独立的固定带固定，独立固定带可以采用适当形式的材料配合适当结构的卡扣来固定关节保护主体1，达到将关节保护主体贴紧在人体关节上。
所述上缺口或下缺口及关节片的边缘处导圆角，以改善与身体的贴合及其它使用上的性能。
本专利可以根据需要采用不同硬度及强度的材质进行两次或多次成型，以达到更佳性能及舒适性。
本专利结构应用于篮球护指是最充分体现此专利结构的优点的实施例之一，因此本专利主要以应用于篮球护指为实施例来讲解。对于其它方面的应用，如足球守门员手套支撑件，乐器弹奏用护指，切菜护指，乃至球类运动及户外运手腕，脚踝，膝盖等方面的防护，其结构及原理大致相同，只不过形状尺寸等不同，但都属于本专利保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种关节运动支撑护具，它包括与关节外形相吻合的关节保护主体以及与所述关节保护主体相连或接触并将关节保护主体紧贴于人体关节的固定装置，其特征是：所述的关节保护主体是横截面为弧状的空心壳体，所述的关节保护主体上靠近关节活动区域开设若干由顶部向下延伸但不穿透底部的上缺口，关节保护主体因此被分割成若干关节片，上缺口与下边缘之间未穿透的连接处即构成相邻关节片之间的转动支点，所述上缺口的开口宽度满足：当关节伸直时所述上缺口的两个相邻关节片刚好彼此接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的关节运动支撑护具，其特征是：所述上缺口相应位置由底边向上延伸处还开设对应的下缺口，下缺口与上缺口一一对应，所述的下缺口高度小于所述上缺口的深度，关节保护主体因此被分割成若干关节片，上缺口与下缺口之间相连处即构成相邻关节片之间的转动支点。
3.根据权利要求2所述的关节运动支撑护具，其特征是：所述下缺口高度与上缺口深度之比为1：2～1：8。
4.根据权利要求2-3任意一项所述的关节运动支撑护具，其特征是：所述上缺口或下缺口及关节片的边缘处导圆角。
5.根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的关节运动支撑护具，其特征是：所述固定装置采用若干条状固定带，该固定带一端与所述关节保护主体一侧一体化成型，固定带未端设至少一个卡扣，所述关节保护主体上开设与所述卡扣相匹配的对应通孔，固定带绕过关节后可借助卡扣与通孔扣合而与关节保护主体扣紧，使得关节运动支撑护具套紧固定在关节上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的关节运动支撑护具，其特征是：固定带另一端还设有至少一个锯齿状钩体，所述关节保护主体上还开设与所述锯齿状钩体相匹配的对应通孔或者半通孔。
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US15/328,654 US20170224515A1 (en) 2014-07-29 2015-07-28 Joint movement supporting protection device
EP15827075.1A EP3175894B1 (en) 2014-07-29 2015-07-28 Joint movement supporting protector
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US16/941,771 US20200353343A1 (en) 2014-07-29 2020-07-29 Joint protection device
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