CN104105920A

CN104105920A - Pressure vessels in ships

Info

Publication number: CN104105920A
Application number: CN201180076355.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: F·内蒂斯; D·霍金斯; C·勒纳; G·尼索; V·N·托马瑟利; G·维格纳
Original assignee: Blue Wave Co SA
Current assignee: Blue Wave Co SA
Priority date: 2011-12-05
Filing date: 2011-12-05
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Also published as: EP2788672A1; WO2013083150A1

Abstract

A ship comprising a plurality of pressure vessels, there being a first set of pressure vessels of a first length, a second set of pressure vessels of a second length, and a third set of pressure vessels of a third length, the first, second and third lengths differing from one another. The vessels are typically arranged vertically, and the ship can be a multi-hull ship.

Description

Pressurized container in boats and ships

The present invention relates to be arranged on the pressurized container in boats and ships, especially, a large amount of so structures of container are installed in boats and ships, so that measurement of cargo, cargo mass and boats and ships performance afloat, that comprise speed and stability all reaches maximization.Especially, pressurized container is used for transporting CNG, and thus, boats and ships are CNG cargo ships.

Combustion of fossil fuel is just becoming more and more concerned to the adverse effect of environment, and has evoked the very big interest to alternative energy source.Although making progress aspect solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, geothermal power and other energy, obviously, provide widely Economy alternative energy source, the application of especially using for high-energy, remains unintelligible target.Meanwhile, for foreseeable future, fossil fuel expection will be arranged energy market.

Therefore in fossil fuel, rock gas is to burn the totallyest, is clear and definite selection to energy production.Therefore, along with the world becomes, more and more recognize the interaction of the burning of fossil fuel to environment, starting a motion that supplements with rock gas as much as possible or replace such as coal and such other fossil fuel of oil.Regrettably, a lot of gas reservess in the world are present in earth region remote, that be difficult to arrival.Orographic factor and geopolitical factor make reliably and from these regions, extract economically rock gas to become extremely difficult.

Pipeline use and land natural gas transportation are assessed, done in some cases effort, but find it is uneconomic.Yet, what is interesting is very much other water body place that on the earth, most of gas reserves is at a distance positioned at quite close ocean part and has entered ocean.Therefore from remote place marine transportation rock gas, will be, apparent scheme.The problem of sea-freight rock gas is mainly Economy.Oceangoing voyage boats and ships can load the weight of just so many loading, and conventionally considerably slow.The current cost of marine shipping rock gas has reflected this fact, and price is according to the total weight of shipping, and the weight of product adds that the weight of the shipping container container of shipping product wherein adds the quantity of time of delivery or required boats and ships.

As the nt wt net weight of fruit product, compare lowly with the tare weight of shipping container,, owing to wasting in a large amount of shipping weight efficiencies, so the cost of transportation of per unit quality of product becomes, can not accept.This is for example, especially like this in the transportation of compressed fluid (CNG), and the weight of CNG may be lower than the weight that fills the pressurized container of CNG, while especially transporting in traditional I type Steel Pressure Vessels (cylindrical body).

Due to the appearance of II type, III type and IV type pressurized container, this problem improves.II type container comprises the core of thinner round metal tubular, but has the metal end dome of standard thickness, wherein, only has cylindrical shape partly with composite winding thing, to strengthen.Composite winding thing is normally used the impregnated glass of polymer substrate or carbon filament.Composite material common " annular is wound around (hoop wrap) " is around container middle part.The dome at place, container one or both ends is not by Filament Wound Composite.In II grade pressure vessels, metal inner lining bears about 50% stress, and composite material bears about 50% stress, and these stress are from the internal pressure of filled compressed fluid.II level container is lighter than I level container, but price is more expensive.III type container comprises thin metal inner lining, and it is strengthened with filament shape Filament Wound Composite thing (around whole container).Stress in III type container is virtually completely transferred on the byssaceous material of composite winding thing; Liner only need bear a fraction of stress.III type container is light more than I type or II type container, but obviously more expensive.IV type container comprise polymer, airtight liner substantially, this liner is wound around completely with filament shape composite material.Composite winding thing provides whole intensity of container.IV type container be up to now four kinds check and approve the lightest container in rank pressurized container, but be also the most expensive.Really, use III type and IV type container, with these containers are made to very large trend correlation connection, at present just at the cylindrical vessel of 18 meters of factory lengths, diameter 2.5 or 3.0 meters, and at 30 meters of design concept length or above, 6 meters of diameters or above container, the use of III type and IV type container causes stepping forward a main step optimizing in compressed fluid marine transportation Economy.Yet, can improve these pressurized containers and on boats and ships, obtain the efficiency of using.

In addition,, with regard to container weight and the ratio that is contained in the fluid weight in container, it will be useful manufacturing even lighter weight pressurized container.

According to the present invention, the boats and ships that comprise a plurality of pressurized containers are provided, have the pressurized container that is the first length of first group, the pressurized container that is the second length of second group, and the pressurized container that is the 3rd length of the 3rd group, first, second, and third length differs from one another.

In preferred structure, this length difference is at least 15cm, or 30cm at least, or is at least 1% of the longest pressurized container length.

For purposes of the present invention, due to the manufacturing tolerances conventionally allowing container fills up or empty time between the difference that causes of storage tank expansion characteristics be not considered to " length difference ".

Usually, the boats and ships of prior art can have uniform pressurized container length, or one group two kinds different pressurized container length perhaps, to allow the manufacturer's standard of pressurized container.This makes the design cost of container keep minimum.Yet, by the container of different length is provided, can improve efficiency of loading in boats and ships, this will be discussed in detail below.

Preferably, at least one group that organizes in pressurized container is arranged to array more.By organize pressurized container more, be mounted to array allow to provide regular spacing between pressurized container.This is important for meeting safety standard.

According to second aspect present invention, the boats and ships that comprise a plurality of pressurized containers are provided, have the pressurized container that is the first length of first group, the pressurized container that is the second length of second group, the first and second length differ from one another, wherein, boats and ships are multiple hull boats and ships, wherein, longer container arrangement becomes compared with deep, to divide interior extension at hull, and shorter container arrangement becomes at hull and extends in compared with shallow portion.There is this kind of layout, at each hull root place of multiple hull boats and ships, can not lose space.

Also, in preferred layout, this length difference is at least 15cm, or 30cm at least, or is at least 1% of the longest pressurized container length.Due to the manufacturing tolerances conventionally allowing container fills up or empty time between the difference that causes of storage tank expansion characteristics be not considered to " length difference " for the object of the invention.

The pressurized container that is the 3rd length of the 3rd group also can be provided, and the 3rd length and the first and second length differ at least 30cm, for example, for being arranged in the side area of hull, or are arranged in bow or the stern area place of hull.

By the pressurized container of different length is provided, can utilize the wider space that can supply in single hull or multiple hull.

Also should remember, in the situation that goods is CNG (better goods), CNG weight makes the unlikely overload of boats and ships thus, for example, at transport pressure and temperature (such as 200 to 275 bar, with 10-30 ℃) under CNG density be perhaps 1/4th to 1/5th of water density, and be perhaps 1/2nd to 1/3rd of LNG density.Thus, especially compare when loading boats and ships with LNG (LNG Liquefied natural gas), in wider (width and the length) and the degree of depth of boats and ships, for holding pressurized container, in boats and ships, can have many buoyancy capacity.

CNG is the form of rock gas, usually, it is ortho states rock gas, thus, in compressive state (under the pressure between may 200 and 300 bar under room temperature (20 ℃), that is, be conventionally about 250 bar), it can be usingd as gas under atmospheric pressure otherwise the volume of the very fraction of the volume occupying is stored and transported.Usually, volume reduces to be about 99%, that is, it perhaps occupy the occupied volume of gas under atmospheric pressure only 1% or less than.Therefore, working pressure container transports the selection that CNG is viable commercial.Therefore boats and ships are CNG cargo ships preferably.

Utilize the pressurized container of a plurality of different lengths, can also optimize goods in ship distribution around.

Preferably, pressurized container is vertically arranged on boats and ships.Had this kind of layout, pressurized container can be arranged to their tops and all flush, so that be arranged in the design of any pipework of container top, even if container bottom can be arranged at various height.Alternatively, top can be arranged to form different height.This can be used to control the position of boats and ships barycenter.For example, shorter container can be towards boats and ships side and/or end layout, and longer container is arranged towards boats and ships middle part.This can make concentrated goods core remain near the center line of boat, and this can contribute to the stability of boats and ships.This also can optimize the vertical position of boats and ships barycenter, between the maximum exploitation in stability of ship and space, reaches balance.Similarly, it can be used to barycenter to remain close to the longitudinal center of boats and ships, and this contributes to again the stability of boats and ships.Especially, if the major project structure of boats and ships, comprise such as between engine, the project such as lodging room arranges towards boats and ships rear portion, by providing longer pressurized container to carry out the imbalance at balance rear portion to boats and ships front portion.Alternatively, according to Ship Design concept, longer pressurized container can be arranged after boats and ships, with the visual field of guaranteeing that shipowner is good, and makes the total gas capacity of boats and ships reach maximum.In this case, shorter pressurized container can be towards the anterior layout of boats and ships.

Preferably, pressurized container is II type, III type or IV type pressurized container, or comprises other form of pressurized container composite structure rather than all steel or all metal construction.So the pressurized container of composite material is in its storage area every cubic metre all lighter.

Preferably, pressurized container is made by the resistant material contacting with goods.Preferably, pressurized container can carry a series of gas, such as rock gas (methane), CO ₂share reaches 14% mole, and/or H ₂s share reaches 1.5% mole, also has such as H ₂and/or CO ₂gas, and can not corroded.Yet preferably using is CNG transportation.CNG can comprise the various possible constituent of variable proportions of ingredients, and some is in gaseous state, other in liquid state, or both mixing.These constituents will comprise one or more in following compound conventionally: C ₂h ₆, C ₃h ₈, C ₄h ₁₀, C ₅h ₁₂, C ₆h ₁₄, C ₇h ₁₆, C ₈h ₁₈, C ₉+ hydrocarbon, CO ₂and H ₂s adds possible liquid toluene, diesel oil and octane.

Preferably, pressurized container can also adapt to " well stream " fluid that uses direct loading from well, and it most possibly comprises kind and the chemical compound of condensation, so they can be transported to special-purpose processing equipment.The transportation of untreated gas can be known as " coming and going the producer (shuttle producer) " concept.

Compare with all-steel pressurized container, another advantage of composite material pressure container of the present invention is, in view of all-steel Pressure vessels is manufactured in the place away from shipyard, and be transported to shipyard and be assembled on ship, each Steel Pressure Vessels is that standard size is to reduce as far as possible design cost, and be convenient to so transport that (it is to be suitable for being contained in the specification on train or truck, and be consistent size, to allow transporting many so pressurized containers with train or truck), and the pressurized container of composite material can be manufactured to obtain large (length of container and diametrically), in this, so transportation can become unactual, therefore, the pressurized container of composite material is manufactured more frequently near shipyard or shipyard.Then, this can allow container according to the manufacture of customization specification, or makes wider specification, because its transportation is not a problem, container can put in place with crane lifting, or carrys out delivery container with the conveying arrangement of customization, and the conveying arrangement of this customization does not need to adapt to the railway car of road or standard.

Therefore, this means the pressurized container realization easy to manufacture of many different lengths, without the capital construction of shipyard/transport network, have a lot of costs of design again.

In addition, the structure of composite material pressure container is often the form of the tubular member (cylindrical portions) with end cap, makes winding process easily be suitable for growing or shorter cylindrical portions.For example, for III type and IV type pressurized container, use thin (essentially no load is divided equally) liner to allow to use lighter and uncomplicated fabrication tool, such as mould.These moulds have the cylindrical shape part by module composition conventionally, and cylindrical shape part can be added together as requested or dispose/cut, with the length of the pressurized container that meets the demands.In addition, the winding technology being incorporated in III type and IV type production of pressure container is very flexibly, and in order to manage different length, only the span of fiber and resin distribution device need to change.Thus, the manufacture of the pressurized container of a plurality of different lengths is easy to realize, and even reaches the customizable degree of container length.

According to the present invention, therefore, be desirable to provide boats and ships as defined above, wherein, at least some pressurized container is the length of customization.The diameter of given some container, even if container length has the variation of 15cm, also can add suitable volume flow rate to single container, if be multiplied by the number of institute's packaging container on ship, be for example 100 or more than, the additional space that stows for goods will be appreciable.For example, the pressurized container to 2m (diameter), length increases 15cm, only to a container, just can add 0.47m ³storage area, this value is multiplied by 100, just can obtain the 47m adding ³storage area, be equivalent to add that 15m is long, the pressurized container of 2m diameter.

With regard to multiple hull boats and ships, the length of customization will be useful especially to boats and ships so, especially vertically arranged situation, because the shape of hull is cranky in multiple hull ship, with slot part (hull) and at least one ridge (between hull).Therefore, the pressurized container length of customization allows so hull very effectively to fill.

It is useful equally that the length so customizing has in the side of sharp bend or the monohull of end at hull.

Yet the preferred purposes of the present invention is the boats and ships of multiple hull, because multiple hull ship is not effectively to load goods traditionally, be often the hull that adapts to goods, rather than above-mentioned ridge or a plurality of ridge.The present invention can be by allowing whole width and the length of boats and ships solve this point as goods space, and prerequisite is in said vessel, to have available space.

Finally, the present invention is for the advantage of multiple hull ship, can more effectively utilize its travelling speed faster, because previous scheme exists the restriction to available goods space, but the present invention allows to utilize more goods space, still allow to utilize the more rapid charater of multiple hull ship structural configuration simultaneously.

Now with reference to the accompanying drawings, only by means of example, describe the present invention in detail, in accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the boats and ships with at right angle setting a plurality of pressurized containers aboard ship;

Fig. 2 illustrates the sectional view of the hull that cutd open Fig. 1 boats and ships;

Fig. 3 illustrates another alternative arrangement of boats and ships upward pressure container;

Fig. 4 illustrates the sectional view that cutd open Fig. 3 boats and ships;

Fig. 5 illustrates the sectional view of the boats and ships that cutd open catamaran hull;

Fig. 6 illustrates another alternative arrangement of the pressurized container in the boats and ships of catamaran hull;

Fig. 7 illustrates the arrangement of the pressurized container in the boats and ships of trimaran;

Fig. 8 illustrates another alternative arrangement of the pressurized container in the boats and ships of trimaran;

Fig. 9 schematically illustrates the pressurized container being arranged in shipping container;

Figure 10,11 and 12 also illustrates the exemplary details of shipping container and its possible pipeline; And

Figure 13 illustrates the zoomed-in view of the top side pipeline that loads and unload for fluid, and it comprises the manifold that valve is housed.

First with reference to Fig. 1, shown in figure, be fitted with the freighters of many group pressurized containers, each organize container vertically, width and the length of traversing boats and ships arranges.

These containers can interconnect in groups, so that load and unloading, every group can comprise one or more groups container.

As shown in the figure, have the different pressurized container of five groups, every group is the array of pressurized container, and every group has different length.

First group of pressurized container for example, with the first length (20m) be arranged on boats and ships before.Before boats and ships, locate, hull is tending towards being bent upwards, so, if not must allow the top of pressurized container be lifted to, exceed ship deck, the pressurized container of the full degree of depth can not be located before boats and ships.In addition, do not allow very heavy load towards boats and ships arranged in front, thereby shorter container has reduced to be positioned at the weight of the goods (CNG) that boats and ships locate above, it is favourable doing like this.

After first group of pressurized container, be positioned with second group of pressurized container.This second group of pressurized container is one group of longer pressurized container, for example 25m.

Because hull will have the degree of depth of substantial constant now, pressurized container now can more close hull bottom extend, so that the density of cargo of hull reaches maximum.Yet, choose the height of these containers, top is flushed with the top of first group of pressurized container.This be because this region haply still roughly towards the front portion of boats and ships, excessive weight may be still desirable there.In addition, by thering is common overhead height, for entering the structure of the container inspection scaffold at pressurized container top, can more easily arrange.

After this second group of pressurized container, be provided with the 3rd group of pressurized container.The 3rd group of pressurized container that comprises full height, i.e. 30m, and reservoir volume larger concerning each container can be provided, but still there is the floor space common with container above.Thus, when loading, these containers comprise than the large quality of container above.By this quality of the intermediate arrangement towards boats and ships length, boats and ships can reach good stability.Therefore, so container is along quite a few extension of boats and ships, so that the struck capacity of boats and ships reaches maximum.In addition, these containers can be arranged to extend above the deck of boats and ships, because the weight of CNG and water are in a ratio of relatively gently, so they can be very high, and can not make boats and ships unstable.For example, the container that length is 60m is also possible.

After the 3rd group of pressurized container, be provided with other two groups of pressurized containers, the 4th group has the 4th length, and the 5th group has the 5th length.The pressurized container of these groups is even also short than first group, and they are arranged to all be contained in the below of ship deck.They are arranged to occupy between engine or other main structure of boats and ships, such as bridge any available space around.

Next with reference to Fig. 3, another alternative layout shown in figure.In this arrangement, the 4th and the 5th group of pressurized container do not exist, conventionally, Ship Design not authorized pressure container arrangement at the quarter of boats and ships.In addition, before this part, replace three groups of pressurized containers, only arranged two groups.Thus, all bottoms are jointly arranged.This contributes to the layout of loaded tubes and offloading pipeline, and these CNG Pressure vessels are loaded and unloaded CNG by container bottom.Yet the layout of Fig. 1 is also possible, that is, for pressurized container on the same group not, bottom level is different.

Next with reference to Fig. 2, this figure is the sectional view that cutd open these overall length containers, and as shown in the figure, the top of these pressurized containers and bottom are all traversed boats and ships width and flushed.Because many freighters have the hull of relatively flat, so this point can realize.With reference to Fig. 4, the hull of non-flat forms shown in figure, in this embodiment, container bottom traverses boats and ships width and does not all flush.On the contrary, pressurized container has two kinds of absolutely different length, and the container of length is towards the center line of boats and ships, and shorter container is towards boats and ships side.This allows hull to diminish gradually or bending at side.

Still with reference to Fig. 4, also can see, container top neither all flush.This is optional, but this can allow the load of goods to concentrate towards the center line of boat, and shorter pressurized container will be lighter, and along side, place shorter pressurized container, also cargo mass can be focused on to boats and ships middle part and center, therefore, also improved stability of ship, center of gravity can be lower.

This of pressurized container kind of layout can with the arrangement combinations of Fig. 2, wherein, two kinds of different heights are along the longitudinal length setting of boats and ships, shorter container is before boats and ships, and longer container is along the main core setting of boats and ships, thus, four kinds of length of pressurized container are in fact provided, two long towards middle length, and two towards shorter length above.

Obviously, comprise that various other the combinations of less grouping Huo compare group all can install on given boats and ships, so that the load volume of boats and ships reaches maximum.In addition, pressurized container on the same group does not need all have identical diameter.

Pressurized container also can manufacture other length outside above listed length.For example, any pressurized container that requires length can be made for the pressurized container of customization, and for example, length is between 1m and 80m, and more general length is between 2m and 60m.Thus, pressurized container can be client's rational design and manufacture and have the length of any requirement, thereby be suitable for best the ideal position in given vessel designs, or (be for example suitable for pressurized container fixed frame given in hull, pressurized container is arranged to suitable group, or be arranged in the suitable part of hull, as required in the complicated vessel designs in multiple hull Ship Design).Therefore, pressurized container can customization mode arrange to coordinate the shape of hull, or installs to any available position on boats and ships.In addition, alterable height is best cargo mass is distributed on boats and ships, thereby when pressurized container loads completely with CNG, boats and ships reach best seakeeping performance/stability.

Next with reference to Fig. 9 to 12, pressurized container 10 can take its array, in an illustrated embodiment as 4 * 7 arranged in arrays is in module or compartment 40.Also can expect other array specification, and can select or be designed to install to suitably in the select location in hull.One group can be single array.

For the reason of visual examination ability, preferably, the distance between each row pressure force container in module or compartment will be at least 380mm, or the better 600mm that is at least, and when loading with superheated steam, the space that allows container to expand.For example, container 2% or more (variation of ambient temperature also can cause container to change its volume) of its volume of can expanding when loading.Change amount will change according to the structural material for its structure.For example, if carbon fiber composite is for strengthening, can there is 1% volumetric expansion, and if with the glass fibre of composite material, strengthen, can there is the volumetric expansion up to 2%.

Preferably, or the reason for visual examination ability, between module or compartment (or between outer container 10A and the wall or border 40A of module or compartment 40, or between the contiguous outer container of adjacent module or compartment 40, such as those places that there is no solid wall separating adjacent module or compartment 40) distance will be at least 600mm, or more preferably for being at least 1m, and/or allow container expansion.

Every row in array (or row) pressurized container with for loading pipe-line system 60 interconnection with unloading operation.Pipe-line system 60 is shown as the bottom that is connected to container 10.It can be arranged on Anywhere, but bottom is preferably.

In preferred a layout, the opening 7 that device for cleaning pipeline is crossed 12 inches (30cm) is connected to 12 places, bottom of each container 10.Connection is to lead to main collector, and is preferably and passes through mortor operated valve.Pipeline is schematically presented in Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12 by means of example.

Main collector can be comprised of three different pressurized containers (250 bar of high pressure-for example, 90 bar of middle pressure-for example 150 bar, and low pressure-for example) and add blowing (blow down) collector and a nitrogen collector for inertia object.

Container 10 is such as being vertically mounted on special-purpose supporting member, and these supporting members keep container, to avoid container relative to each other to do Horizontal displacement.Can use fixture, such as the fixture that is separately fixed at each container top and bottom for this reason.

Supporting member can be designed to such as adapting to container and expand by having certain elasticity.

Have found that, erected container gives lower borderline risk under the dynamic load causing due to ship motion below, and can allow in module or compartment, independent container to be done to possible replacing relatively easily, container can be suggested and without first remove other container (when the horizontal arrangement, the hull that surrounds container will hinder longitudinal taking-up) from above.This is arranged vertically and also allows to install as quickly as possible, this or because container or module can just decline and put in place from top.

Container is arranged on to the liquid that vertical position also allows condensation and under gravity effect, drops to bottom, thus, can for example use 12 inches of openings 7 at each 12 places, container 10 bottom to unload from container, with separated with CNG when unloading circulation starts, the unloading of gas is conventionally also from the bottom of container 10.

Due to most of pipeline and valve 60 location, bottom towards the bottom/container of module, this contributes to center of gravity also to remain on low level, and this is will recommend or preferably for the stability that improves marine ships.

Module or compartment 40 can be maintained to be had inert gas or nitrogen or other and is rich in CO ₂or in the controlled environment of the fluid of other flame-retardant compound, these fluids, between container 10 and module wall 40A, therefore contribute to prevent that fire from occurring or the harm of fire.

Such as by making the diameter of container reach 6m or surpassing 6m and/or make length reach 30m or surpass 30m, with this, make the size of each container 10 reach maximum, this can make to fill the required number of containers of same total volume and reduce.In addition, this also plays the effect of the complexity that reduces connection and interconnection pipeline.This reduces again quantity that may leakage point, leak usually occur in such as welding, joint and manifold such compared with weak part.Preferably arrangement requirement diameter is at least 2m and length is at least 10m.

One group of pressurized container can comprise a plurality of modules, all module arrays in this way.

Use gas storage same interconnection design used can require to reserve a special module for fluid storage (condensation product), the condensation product of each container will be deposited on the bottom of pressurized container, so flow channel can be directed to special module by condensation product, for example,, when starting uninstall process.Therefore module and pressurized container can all link together, to allow so liquid to be assigned to special module from other module 40.

Inflow and effluent air reservoir conduit are for example connected to metering, heating and purging system and cleaning system by filling valvular manifold.For example, referring to Fig. 9 and 13, they are the schematic arrangement that fill valvular manifold.They can be by distribution control system (DCS) remote actuated, and DCS system is not shown, but between pressurized container fluid alllocated lines it is well-known in the industry.

All modules are equipped with enough fire prevention systems conventionally, and this is by international norm, standard and regular defined.

In addition, replace the vertical layout of container, container also can flatly arrange, or in containing the layout of horizontal and vertical pressurized container, when especially the limitation in space provides the upwards space of restriction.

Therefore, the invention provides the boats and ships that can be fitted with a series of pressurized containers, compare with the pressurized container of single length, a series of pressurized container can make the struck capacity in the hull of boats and ships be improved or reach maximum, due to the suitable lightweight of freighted thing (CNG), the reservoir volume capacity of this increase can not surpass the capacity of boats and ships thus, so just can realize this point in the situation that do not affect negatively buoyancy, stability or the performance of boats and ships.Really, CNG freighter is usually designed to and solves such fact: goods weight is by than light such as coal and the such goods of oil, and the storage volume increasing is thus subject to Ship Design person's welcome.

Because most of CNG can transport and due to the speed maximizing of boats and ships by long-distance route, so also can ordering about CNG cost of transportation, the capacity increasing declines, this can be by guaranteeing that balance and the stability of boats and ships reaches optimization, large storage volume is still provided simultaneously, like this, the boats and ships of high speed multiple hull are become as feasible freighter, and the four corner of boats and ships overlay area all can be equipped with pressurized container, and is not that hull section is divided.For example, referring to Fig. 5 to 8, wherein, Fig. 5 illustrates the cross section of twin hull ship, it has the pressurized container of the customized lengths that is adapted to hull lines, Fig. 6 illustrates the pressurized container of long and short length, longer container is positioned to be fitted into hull depths, and that the container of shorter length traverses hull ridge is partly equipped, Fig. 7 illustrates the boats and ships cross section of trimaran, it has the pressurized container of the customized lengths that is suitable for hull lines, and Fig. 8 illustrates the pressurized container of long and short length, longer container is positioned to be fitted into hull depths, and that the container of shorter length traverses hull ridge is partly equipped.

By using not the pressurized container that is different length on the same group to optimize the shipping capacity of boats and ships with this, obviously also can adapt to other vessel designs.

Also will remember, each organizes the linear array that container can comprise container, for example, and the container straight line extending along the each several part of boats and ships length, and not necessarily traverse a plurality of groups that the each several part of boats and ships width extends.

Preferably, pressurized container is made by composite material, both can be used as reinforcement, also can be as the main structure of container, for example, as the cylindrical shape part of container, or not only as the cylindrical shape part of container but also as dome or the end of container, with lighter than Steel Pressure Vessels weight.This guarantee a large amount of pressurized containers be arranged on boats and ships by can not be only because the unloaded weight of container causes ship overloading.

Can provide pressurized container to carry various gas, such as the Primordial Qi of directly taking from drilling well, comprise ortho states rock gas, for example the ortho states CNG when compressed or RCNG or H ₂, or CO ₂or the rock gas of processing (methane), or the rock gas crossed of ortho states rock gas or section processes, for example, CO ₂share is up to 14% mole, H ₂s share is up to 1000ppm, or H ₂and CO ₂gaseous impurity, or other impurity or corrosivity kind.Yet preferably using is CNG transportation, no matter be ortho states CNG, CNG that section processes is crossed or clean CNG (being worked into the be transported to terminal use of standard, for example commercial, industry or house).

CNG can comprise the various possible constituent of variable proportions of ingredients, and some compositions are in gas phase, and other are in liquid phase, or the mixture of gas phase and liquid phase.These component portions will comprise one or more in following compound conventionally: C ₂h ₆, C ₃h ₈, C ₄h ₁₀, C ₅h ₁₂, C ₆h ₁₄, C ₇h ₁₆, C ₈h ₁₈, C ₉₊hydro carbons, CO ₂and H ₂s adds possible liquid toluene, diesel oil and octane, and other impurity/kind.

Therefore, only by means of example, the present invention has been described here.In the scope of attached claims, can make detailed remodeling to the present invention.

Claims (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

1. boats and ships that comprise a plurality of pressurized containers, have the pressurized container that is the first length of first group, the pressurized container that is the second length of second group, and the pressurized container that is the 3rd length of the 3rd group, first, second, and third length differs at least 15cm each other

Wherein, described boats and ships are boats and ships of multiple hull, it comprises the pressurized container that is vertically arranged at least two different lengths in hull, it is spaced apart that vertically arranged pressurized container traverses beam of hull with one or more arrays, wherein longer pressurized container was arranged in dividing compared with deep of hull, and shorter pressurized container is arranged in these steps between dividing compared with deep of hull

And wherein, described pressurized container is made by composite material, and be arranged for transportation CNG.

2. boats and ships that comprise a plurality of pressurized containers, have the pressurized container that is the first length of first group, the pressurized container that is the second length of second group, described the first and second length differ at least 15cm each other, wherein, described boats and ships are multiple hull boats and ships, make the container arrangement grown become compared with deep, to divide interior extension at hull, and shorter container arrangement become at hull and extend in compared with shallow portion.

3. boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the pressurized container that is the 3rd length of the 3rd group is also provided, and described the 3rd length and the described first or second length differ at least 30cm.

4. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, at least one group in pressurized container group is arranged to its pressurized container at least one array.

5. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, described pressurized container is arranged in a plurality of shipping containers.

6. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, the minimum separable between described pressurized container is 380mm.

7. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, when the ambient temperature of pressurized container between 10 ℃ and 30 ℃, at least some are equipped with the described pressurized container of CNG in being greater than 30 bar but being less than under the pressure of 300 bar.

8. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, on boats and ships, at least 80% described pressurized container makes the length of its at least a portion exceed the deck of boats and ships or the height of side.

9. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, on boats and ships, at least 80% described pressurized container is vertically arranged on described boats and ships.

10. boats and ships as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, compressed fluid are loaded in described pressurized container and are positioned at from the inlet point of described pressurized container unloading the bottom of at least 80% described pressurized container.

11. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, pressurized container is not on the same group arranged to limit at least two different bottom level, and they are the spaced apart at least 30cm in antarafacial ground each other.

12. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, pressurized container is not on the same group arranged to form at least two different overhead heights, and they are the spaced apart at least 30cm in antarafacial ground each other.

13. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, shorter container arranges towards boats and ships side, and longer pressurized container is arranged towards the center line of boat.

14. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, shorter container arranges towards the two ends of boats and ships, and longer pressurized container is arranged towards the middle part of boats and ships length.

15. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, at least 80% described pressurized container is II type, III type or IV type pressurized container.

16. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, at least 80% described pressurized container comprises composite structure.

17. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that, the pressurized container that comprises customized lengths on boats and ships, described customized lengths has at least two kinds of different length except the first or second length, and these other length differ at least 15cm with two kinds of length before.

Illustrate or state (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

By the theme of previous claim 18 is brought in claim 1, claim has been done modification.In addition, new claim 1 has been revised as and has stipulated " described pressurized container is made by composite material, and is arranged for transportation CNG ".The basis of this modification can be in application document be described the 1st and 27 to 28 row of the 15th page, and find in the 16th row of the 15th page.Claim 18 and 19 has been left out.

The document neither one that is to be noted that the prior art that international search report auditor quotes relates to for transporting the optimization of the available transport space of multiple hull boats and ships of CNG.Only have document D3 (WO2007/142400) to relate to Shipping, and the document relate to the improvement of sight line.

It should be noted that, CNG has the density more much lower than LNG, and if only if while considering to transport CNG in composite material vessel, it is practical that multiple hull boats and ships just become.

Claims

1. boats and ships that comprise a plurality of pressurized containers, have the pressurized container that is the first length of first group, the pressurized container that is the second length of second group, and the pressurized container that is the 3rd length of the 3rd group, described first, second, and third length differs at least 15cm each other.

4. the boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, is characterized in that, each at least one group of organizing in pressurized container is arranged to its pressurized container at least one array.

18. boats and ships as described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that, described boats and ships are boats and ships of multiple hull, it comprises the pressurized container that is vertically arranged at least two different lengths in hull, it is spaced apart that vertically arranged pressurized container traverses beam of hull with one or more arrays, wherein longer pressurized container was arranged in dividing compared with deep of hull, and in these steps between dividing compared with deep that shorter pressurized container is arranged in hull.

19. 1 kinds of boats and ships as above substantially with reference to any one in claim 1 to 8.