CN104101688B - A kind of emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of emulsifier for emulsion explosive and device - Google Patents
A kind of emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of emulsifier for emulsion explosive and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104101688B CN104101688B CN201410350019.9A CN201410350019A CN104101688B CN 104101688 B CN104101688 B CN 104101688B CN 201410350019 A CN201410350019 A CN 201410350019A CN 104101688 B CN104101688 B CN 104101688B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of emulsifier for emulsion explosive, according to identical composition and ratio, with the emulsified bases of different emulsifying agents preparation emulsion [explosive, quantitative emulsified bases is loaded in a foraminate extruding tank of bottom belt, extrude from extruding pot bottom aperture with constant pressure, and be placed in an open-top receptacle, take out place certain hour in quantitative water after, the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent is evaluated with the free ammonium nitrate content in water, free ammonium nitrate content is lower, then the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent is better.Evaluation method of the present invention can compare the performance difference of different emulsifiers fast, evaluation result is more consistent with natural storing method result, with a high credibility, emulsified bases actual production pumping procedure can be simulated simultaneously, understand pumping procedure more exactly to the impact of emulsified bases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaluation method of emulsifier effect, particularly relate to the emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of emulsifier for emulsion explosive, and for the device of described evaluation method.
Background technology
Emulsion [explosive a kind ofly to grow up in theory at emulsion stability, has the thermodynamic unstable system of high dispersive phase, and its thermodynamic phase determines emulsion [explosive in storage and more easily occur in using that water is separated, layering even demulsifying phenomenon.Emulsifying agent forms emulsion [explosive and the important component keeping it stable, the good and bad quality directly affecting emulsion [explosive of its emulsifying effectiveness.
For the detection of emulsifier effect, current ubiquity the problem of testing result directiveness difference.Some physical and chemical indexs of emulsifier production itself, the hydroxyl value of such as span-80, saponification number, the base number, nitrogen content etc. of polyisobutene succinimide, corresponding relation is not accurately had with the quality of emulsifying agent in the production of emulsion explosive, although therefore often occur the physical and chemical index of emulsifying agent be all up to state standards in top grade product, but under the prerequisite that Emulsion Explosive Production condition is constant, still can not obtain the phenomenon of emulsion [explosive that is stable, good result of use.So the general emulsifying effectiveness adopting investigation method evaluation emulsifying agent indirectly, namely by the stability of test emulsified bases, infers the quality of emulsifying agent at present.The common method evaluating emulsified bases stability comprises nature storing method, centrifugal settling method, scanning electron microscopy, electrical conductivity method and high/low temperature round-robin method.
Nature storing method is as the term suggests just refer in its natural state, and different emulsified bases is along with the change of time, temperature, and stability has decline in various degree, thus demonstrates different performances.Nature storing method is the most objective, the most direct also the simplest method of testing, but natural storing method test period is longer, is affected by climate change comparatively large, not easily obtains experimental result fast.
Centrifugal settling method, also known as running balancing, is observe emulsified bases under certain centrifugal action, the situation of layering crystallization occurs, and can go out the quality of emulsion [explosive quality by qualitative or to a certain degree quantitative observation.But research shows that centrifugal force is not generally the main cause of breakdown of emulsion, and therefore centrifugal settling method test findings is only used for making reference.
Scanning electron microscopy is a kind of method of being observed the size of emulsified bases Dispersed Phase Size and distribution situation by high-power microscope.Particle size and distribution are the key character data of emulsification structure, and generally speaking, particle diameter is less, distribution is more even, then the stability of emulsification system is better.But scanning electron microscope equipment price is expensive, its application ubiquity is still subject to certain restrictions.
Electrical conductivity method can reflect the resistance to overturning of emulsified bases indirectly.The satisfactory emulsification matrix that is not destroyed of emulsification system in theory, because the oil film of densification is coated, its electric conductivity is less.The stability of emulsified bases is destroyed, and will inevitably cause the damage of oil film, and such ammonium nitrate will be separated out, thus the conductivity of emulsified bases is changed.But for the emulsification system of water-in-oil type, conductivity is very little, the slight change of emulsified bases is difficult to the obvious change causing conductivity.
The ultimate principle of high/low temperature round-robin method is roughly the same with natural storing method, is all to utilize temperature and time to the impact of emulsified bases to investigate its stability.But in practice, the test result of high/low temperature round-robin method is runed counter to natural storing method sometimes.
In addition, after emulsified bases is produced, often will through the pumping procedure of certain distance, especially bulk mixing truck emulsion [explosive, its pumping distance is longer.For this class non-Newtonian fluid of emulsified bases, the stability of pumping procedure to its system also has certain influence, causes emulsified bases breakdown of emulsion and ammonium nitrate crystallization sometimes.But current detection method cannot understand the destruction of this process to emulsified bases system.
From analyzing above, there are problems in current emulsified bases method for estimating stability, therefore investigates the stability of emulsified bases by these methods and then infer that the quality of emulsifying agent also also exists corresponding problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method and device of emulsifier for emulsion explosive, solving the problems of the technologies described above, evaluate the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifier for emulsion explosive more exactly.
The emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of emulsifier for emulsion explosive provided by the invention is according to identical composition and ratio, with the emulsified bases of different emulsifying agents preparation emulsion [explosive, quantitative emulsified bases is loaded in a foraminate extruding tank of bottom belt, extrude from extruding pot bottom aperture with constant pressure, and be placed in an open-top receptacle, take out place certain hour in quantitative water after, the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent is evaluated with the free ammonium nitrate content in water, free ammonium nitrate content is lower, then the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent is better.
In the above-mentioned evaluation method of the present invention, generally emulsified bases should be repeated to extrude 3 ~ 20 times in extruding tank, preferred extrusion passes is 10 times.
Wherein, described constant pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.3MPa.
In evaluation method of the present invention, separate out the thermal creep stress of the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM of free ammonium nitrate at 40 ~ 70 DEG C for dissolving the rear emulsified bases of extruding, emulsified bases is placed 5 ~ 20h in water.
Emulsified bases of the present invention is formulated by the ammonium nitrate of same amount, water, emulsifying agent and oil phase.When the emulsifying effectiveness carrying out one group of emulsifying agent is evaluated, just change the kind of emulsifying agent, emulsifier and other components and consumption constant.Oil phase is wherein potpourri a kind of or several arbitrarily in 0# diesel oil, 32# machinery oil, 46# machinery oil, 100# machinery oil.
Present invention also offers a kind of device for above-mentioned emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method, described device is by support, pressurizing unit and pneumatic mechanism are formed, described pneumatic mechanism comprises source of the gas, be fixed on the air pump above support and connect the tracheae of source of the gas and air pump, tracheae is provided with air pump Start-up and operating performance direction by-pass cock, described pressurizing unit is by extruding tank and pressure ram forms, described extruding tank is releasably rack-mount, pressure ram one end is fixed on air pump, the other end is positioned at above extruding tank, driven by air pump and move up and down in extruding tank, aperture is provided with in the middle part of at the bottom of described extruding tank tank.
Wherein, aperture at the bottom of the tank of described extruding tank is also provided with a connector, described connector forms by having a set of of different size through-hole aperture, can need choice for use according to evaluation test.The aperture of connector through hole is respectively 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm and 2mm.
The emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of emulsifier for emulsion explosive of the present invention compared with prior art, there is following significant advantage: 1) emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of the present invention is simple to operate, fast and effeciently can compare the performance difference of different emulsifiers, and different starting material are on the impact of emulsified bases quality, be particularly suitable for manufacturing enterprise to raw-material quality monitoring.2) to investigate result more consistent for emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method gained evaluation result of the present invention and natural storing method, has very high confidence level.3) needed for emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of the present invention, dose is less, and security is higher.4) emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and low price, long-play is reliable and stable.5) emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus of the present invention can simulate the pumping procedure in emulsified bases actual production, can understand the impact of pumping procedure on emulsified bases more exactly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus of emulsifier for emulsion explosive of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The structure of emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus as shown in Figure 1, by support, pressurizing unit and pneumatic mechanism three part form.Pneumatic mechanism comprises source of the gas, be fixed on air pump 6 above support 1 and the tracheae 7 for being connected source of the gas and air pump, and on tracheae 7, be provided with air pump Start-up and operating performance direction by-pass cock 2 and tensimeter 5.Pressurizing unit is by extruding tank 3 and pressure ram 4 forms, aperture is provided with in the middle part of at the bottom of extruding tank 3 tank, releasably be arranged on support 1, aperture at the bottom of extruding tank 3 tank is connected with the connector 8 with through hole, pressure ram 4 one end is fixed on air pump 6, the other end is positioned at above extruding tank 3, is driven by air pump 6, moves up and down in extruding tank.
Embodiment 2
Use the emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus of embodiment 1, evaluate the emulsifying effectiveness of commercially available three kinds of emulsifying agents with emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method of the present invention.Wherein, emulsifying agent A is the T152 emulsifying agent that chemical plant, Cambridge, Changzhou produces, and emulsifying agent B is the 2727B emulsifying agent that Lubrizol Corp. produces, and emulsifying agent C is the T152 emulsifying agent that chemical plant, Hongyuan, Yongji, Shanxi produces.
According to following proportioning, often kind of an emulsifying agent is used to prepare 300g evaluation test emulsified bases: 73.5wt% ammonium nitrate, 20wt% water, 1.5wt% emulsifying agent, 5wt%32# machinery oil.
Mixing ammonium nitrate and water form aqueous phase in a heated condition, and to control aqueous phase temperature be 80 DEG C.
After being mixed with 32# machinery oil by emulsifying agent, heat fused forms oil phase, and controlling oil phase temperature is 50 DEG C, and uses water bath heat preservation.
Added by oil phase in open type emulsifier, the rotating speed of setting open type emulsifier is 300r/min, is slowly joined in oil phase by aqueous phase, and slowly improve rotating speed to 1000r/min, after aqueous phase adds completely, continue to stir 1min, obtained emulsified bases, by obtained emulsified bases 25 DEG C of insulations.
Following methods is adopted to evaluate the quality of often kind of emulsifier effect: the extruding tank 3 1) emulsified bases being put into embodiment 1 emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus; 2) the extruding tank 3 that emulsified bases is housed is fixed on the below of pressure ram 4 on support 1, the connector 8 of connecting through hole aperture 0.5mm at the bottom of tank; 3) connect Nitrogen source gases, adjustments of gas valve opening, controls admission pressure at 0.1MPa; 4) be set as in downward direction by air pump Start-up and operating performance direction by-pass cock 2, booster air pump 6 makes pressure ram 4 slowly move downward, and enters in extruding tank 3 and is extruded by emulsified bases wherein; 5) repeatedly extrude 10 times, collect the emulsified bases through extruding, load in the open glass container of a diameter 25mm, high 25mm, surface strikes off; 6) glass container that emulsified bases is housed is put into 100ml deionized water, at 50 DEG C, place 10h; 7) 10ml aqueous solution is got, test free ammonium nitrate content wherein.Result is as shown in table 1.
According to the eduction rate size of table 1, show that the strong and weak order of the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent is B > C > A.
Comparative example 1
In order to verify the correctness of embodiment 2 result, carried out following the tracks of investigating to the situation that naturally stores of the emulsified bases that A, B, C are formed, natural storage situation is as shown in table 2.
The display of nature storage situation, the strong and weak order of emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent A, B, C is B > C > A, consistent with the conclusion that embodiment 2 emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method obtains.
Comparative example 2
According to the emulsified bases formula of embodiment 2, emulsion explosive production line produces emulsified bases, and with screw pump by emulsified bases pumping 10 times repeatedly, pumping pressure 0.3MPa.Situation after this result and employing emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus being extruded contrasts, and result is as shown in table 3.
Comparing result shows, actual pumping result is consistent with emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method result of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Adopt emulsified bases formula and emulsification condition in embodiment 2, substitute 32# machinery oil with 0# diesel oil, gained emulsified bases is extruded 15 times repeatedly, extruding tank connector aperture 1mm.Test situation is as shown in table 4.
Acquired results shows, and the emulsifying effectiveness of emulsifying agent is B > C > A, consistent with embodiment 2 result.
Its natural storage situation is as shown in table 5.
Test on emulsion explosive production line according to this emulsification formula, then with screw pump by emulsified bases pumping 15 times repeatedly, pumping pressure 0.15MPa.Situation after this result and employing emulsifying effectiveness evaluating apparatus being extruded contrasts, and result is as shown in table 6.
Comparing result shows, actual pumping result is consistent with emulsifying effectiveness evaluation method result of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. evaluate the device of emulsion [explosive emulsifying effectiveness for one kind, by support, pressurizing unit and pneumatic mechanism are formed, described pneumatic mechanism comprises source of the gas, be fixed on the air pump above support and connect the tracheae of source of the gas and air pump, tracheae is provided with air pump Start-up and operating performance direction by-pass cock, it is characterized in that described pressurizing unit is by extruding tank and pressure ram forms, described extruding tank is releasably rack-mount, pressure ram one end is fixed on air pump, the other end is positioned at above extruding tank, driven by air pump and move up and down in extruding tank, aperture is provided with in the middle part of at the bottom of described extruding tank tank.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that aperture at the bottom of described extruding tank tank is provided with the connector that has through hole, the aperture of described connector through hole is 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm or 2mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2625876C2 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-07-19 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский технологический университет" | Method of obtaining emulsifying composition for impregnation of ammonium nitrate |
| CN106093337A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 湖北同石油化工有限公司 | The emulsifying ability detection method of integrated oil phase for emulsion explosive |
| CN108593647A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-28 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Load in mixture the evaluation method of emulsification emulsifier ability |
| CN108645855A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | The evaluation method of on-site mixed emulsification emulsifier ability |
| CN109142666A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-04 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | A kind of emulsion matrix pumps simulator and analog detection method repeatedly |
| CN112710585B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2023-02-07 | 南京工程学院 | Evaluation method for dynamic stability of on-site mixed emulsion explosive |
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