CN104101324A - Method for evaluating concrete surface spalling degree - Google Patents
Method for evaluating concrete surface spalling degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN104101324A CN104101324A CN201410379730.7A CN201410379730A CN104101324A CN 104101324 A CN104101324 A CN 104101324A CN 201410379730 A CN201410379730 A CN 201410379730A CN 104101324 A CN104101324 A CN 104101324A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating concrete surface spalling degree. The method for evaluating the concrete surface spalling degree uses mechanical transmission between components of a concrete surface spalling degree measuring apparatus, a probe passes through the spalled concrete surface, the surface profile thereof is reflected to a register plate through a rotating shaft and a connecting bar connected with the probe, and quantitative analysis result of the concrete surface spalling degree is obtained through measuring the length of the surface profile and comparing with the surface outline before spalling. The method for evaluating the concrete surface spalling degree is easy to operate and capable of quickly measuring the roughness of a measured sample, compared with an existing method, the method for evaluating the concrete surface spalling degree is low in measuring cost, quick in measuring speed, easy to observe a test result and high in reliability.
Description
Technical field
The measuring method that the present invention relates to concrete works and test use, particularly relates to a kind of method that concrete surface peels off degree of evaluating.
Background technology
Concrete is one of contemporary topmost civil engineering material.Because it has abundant raw material, cheap, the simple feature of production technology, and consumption is increasing.It is high that while concrete also has compressive strength, good endurance, the features such as strength grade wide ranges.These features make its usable range very extensive, not only in various civil engineering works, use, or shipbuilding industry, mechanical industry, ocean development, the important materials in geothermal engineering etc.Along with the development of concrete in industry, to the evaluation result of concrete property indices, need more accurate, corresponding evaluation method just to need more scientific.
In China, for preventing that concrete road surface winter snow cover from affecting road traffic and normally moving, avoid traffic accident, on the road surface of being everlasting, spread cryosel, deicing liquid is eliminated snow melt.Thereby deicer salts, deicing liquid can inevitably contact with concrete road surface, cause concrete surface deterioration to destroy.Therefore in concrete property indices, surfacial spalling degree is to investigate an important indicator of concrete quality.
Being used at present evaluating the method that concrete surface peels off degree is to evaluate according to the content of 4.3 one side freeze-thaw methods in the 4 freeze proof experiments of GB50082-2009 < < Standard for test methods of longterm performance and durability of ordinary concrete standard > > (or claiming that salt freezes method) part.This method is concrete to be put into one side freezing-thawing test case carry out freeze thawing circulation repeatedly, finally by calculating the mass loss rate of concrete in whole frozen-thaw process, the percentage that namely quality of concrete surface spall accounts for former concrete quality is recently evaluated concrete surfacial spalling degree.This method, the difference of dehydrating speed, the not equal multiple labile factor of air themperature and humidity while measuring can make test findings generation relatively large deviation, has reduced the accuracy of test findings due to the difference of thawing time in process of the test.
In addition, this method can only be evaluated the average degree that concrete surface peels off, but in fact, the degree of peeling off of concrete surface is different, peels off serious place and under equal test condition, can more easily be corroded and peel off more seriously.The method can not be evaluated the situation of peeling off of each point of concrete surface comprehensively truly; to follow-up, determine deteriorated rear concrete real protection layer thickness and deteriorated thin spot; and further calculate the chloride permeability degree of depth accurate data can not be provided, practical application meaning is had a greatly reduced quality.And the equipment of realizing this evaluation method is one side freezing-thawing test case, this equipment volume is large, be not easy to carrying, cost is high, and harsh to Test Condition Requirements during use, test period is long, complicated operation.
Summary of the invention
For the technological deficiency existing in prior art, of the present inventionly provide a kind of method of can exact evaluation concrete surface peeling off degree, comprise the following steps:
(1) by test specimen test surfaces upward, level is placed on desktop or ground;
(2) choose a limit of test specimen test surfaces, mark respectively several Along ents, take these Along ents as intersection point, make some vertical lines of this edge, measure the test surfaces surface profile line length L that these vertical lines are corresponding;
(3) calculate each point surface profile line length L and the length difference R that does not peel off front test surfaces surface profile line length l
a, R
a=L-l, utilizes length difference R
athe degree of peeling off of numerical value quantitative evaluation test specimen test surfaces, R
anumerical value is higher, and the degree of peeling off is more serious.
In said method, with concrete surface, peel off the surface profile line length L that degree measuring instrument is measured described vertical line, described concrete surface peels off the rectangular parallelepiped vehicle frame that degree measuring instrument comprises that lower end is uncovered, have on a T-shaped Vierendeel girder that is erected at vehicle frame top and perpendicular to one group of opposite side of Vierendeel girder, the lower end of T-shaped is stretched in vehicle frame and is connected with probe holder and connecting rod by rotating shaft, the other end of probe holder has probe straight down, and the connecting rod other end is connected with data board.
Described probe holder is by the vertical crossbeam and forming with beam vertical montant straight down all of each limit with T-shaped, and described probe is located at the lower end of montant.
In said method, with described concrete surface, peel off degree measuring instrument and measure the step of the surface profile line length L of described vertical line and be, keep the crossbeam of probe holder to overlap with a vertical line wherein, and allow probe fully contact with test specimen test surfaces; Slowly mobile T-shaped the Vierendeel girder along vehicle frame slides, so that till the Along ent of probe from test specimen move to the opposite side on limit, Along ent place along this vertical line; Take out the drawing in data board, obtain the test surfaces surface profile line that this vertical line is corresponding; Repeat this step and measure the surface profile line of other vertical line, finally measure the surface profile line length L that each vertical line is corresponding.
In said method, described concrete surface is peeled off to the test surfaces surface profile line of degree measuring instrument gained, amplifying several times prints, then line taking rope allow cotton rope overlap with described surface profile line, just can measure the length of amplifying the surface profile line after several times, then divided by enlargement factor, just obtain the length L of original surface outline line.
Described crossbeam is provided with balancing weight.
The weight of described balancing weight is for being no more than 10kg.
Described vehicle frame lower end is provided with wheel.
Described Vierendeel girder upper surface is provided with the sliding tray that the roller established with described T-shaped lower surface matches.
Described connecting rod is provided with recording pointer near one end of data board, and described data board is provided with paper, and described recording pointer is pencil, ball pen, pen.
The method operation steps that evaluation concrete surface provided by the invention peels off degree is simple, can Quick Measuring measures the roughness of sample, for existing method, measures cost low, and measuring speed is fast, test result be easy to observe and reliability high.This method is peeled off the mechanical drive of each parts between degree measuring instrument by concrete surface, directly reflect the roughness of test specimen test surfaces, and the error of measuring in the middle of reducing is saved the program of weighing of drying, and reduces test error, has also accelerated the speed that draws of test result.The measuring accuracy of the inventive method can reach 0.01mm; it can be subsequent measurements concrete surface roughness value; determine deteriorated rear concrete real protection layer thickness and deteriorated thin spot; and provide accurate data for further calculating the chloride permeability degree of depth, can also provide reference frame for failure mechanism and the endurance quality of evaluation concrete under multifactor corrosion synergy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that concrete surface peels off the structural front view of degree measuring instrument;
Figure 2 shows that concrete surface peels off the structure side view of degree measuring instrument;
Figure 3 shows that concrete surface peels off the structure vertical view of degree measuring instrument;
Figure 4 shows that the length difference R that the inventive method records
agraph of a relation with the amount of peeling off.
Embodiment
The method that evaluation concrete surface of the present invention peels off degree is to have utilized concrete surface to peel off the mechanical drive between each parts of degree measuring instrument, by probe, along the concrete surface peeling off, pass through, and its surperficial profile by being reflected on data board with the rotating shaft that is connected of probe and connecting rod etc., then the length by meter facial contour and with peel off front surface profile and compare and can obtain the quantitative analysis results that concrete surface peels off degree.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, be described more specifically content of the present invention, and the present invention is further elaborated, but these embodiment there is any restriction to the present invention absolutely not.Any change that those skilled in the art do in to the embodiment of the present invention under the enlightenment of this instructions all will belong in the scope of the claims in the present invention book.
The concrete surface that the present invention mentions peels off degree measuring instrument and comprises a vehicle frame 1, and this vehicle frame 1 is a uncovered frame body in lower end that is rectangular parallelepiped or square, and frame body is by being rectangle or foursquare Vierendeel girder 2 and support 3 form.Vierendeel girder 2 is joined end to end and forms successively by 4 Metallic rod, and support 3 is below four angles of Vierendeel girder 2, and this support 3 is perpendicular to the plane at Vierendeel girder 2 places.The lower end of support 3 is provided with wheel 4.Vehicle frame 1 center set a roof beam in place 2 and support 3 between and to form between the Metallic rod of Vierendeel girder 2 can be to be fixedly connected with, also can be detachable connection, the material of vehicle frame 1 is not limited to metal, can also select timber, synthetic material, Inorganic Non-metallic Materials, compound substance etc.
At Vierendeel girder 2, wherein place one movably T-shaped 5 above one group of parallel Metallic rod, and have at this group Metallic rod upper surface the sliding tray matching with the roller of T-shaped 5 lower surfaces, the T word horizontal edge of T-shaped 5 is perpendicular to placing its Metallic rod and keeping this plumbness to slide along this Metallic rod, and the T word vertical edge of T-shaped 5 puts in vehicle frame 1.The glide direction of T-shaped of the T word vertical edge lower end edge of T-shaped 5 is provided with a probe holder 6, probe holder 6 comprises that one perpendicular to the crossbeam 61 of the T word vertical edge of T-shaped 5, with one perpendicular to this crossbeam 61, be parallel to support 3 and to the montant 62 of downward-extension, make probe holder 6 be a L-type that has been rotated in a clockwise direction 90 °.On the crossbeam 61 of probe holder 6, be fixed with a balancing weight 7, the lower end of montant 62 is provided with for contacting the probe 8 of test specimen test surfaces, balancing weight 7 can guarantee that probe 8 contacts with test specimen test surfaces all the time in the process of moving along test specimen test surfaces, and the weight of balancing weight can be adjusted being no more than within the scope of 10kg with actual needs.
The T word vertical edge lower end of T-shaped 5 is connected with a connecting rod 9, and the other end of connecting rod 9 is connected with data board 10.The crossbeam 61 of connecting rod 9 and probe holder 6 is connected with the T word vertical edge lower end of T-shaped 5 by same rotating shaft 11, so the movement locus by probe 8 along test specimen test surfaces is reflected on the drawing of data board 10 by probe holder 6, rotating shaft 11 and connecting rod 9, probe 8 is the surface profile that peels off rear test specimen test surfaces along the movement locus of test specimen test surfaces, again it is made comparisons with peeling off front surface profile, just can obtain the degree of peeling off of test specimen test surfaces.
During use, the measurement of the concrete cube test specimen that is 10cm * 10cm by a bottom surface (concrete cube test specimen is put into standard die trial according to concrete formation step and got final product to obtain concrete cube test specimen) faces up, and lies on the articles holding table or ground of level; Choose a limit that test specimen measures face as the initial line that rises of measuring, by length mark, go out 5 Along ents, take these 5 Along ents is intersection point, makes 5 vertical lines of this initial line; Concrete surface is peeled off to degree measuring instrument and be put in test specimen top, allow test specimen be placed in the vehicle frame that this concrete surface peels off degree measuring instrument, keep the crossbeam 61 of probe holder 6 to overlap with a vertical line wherein, and allow probe 8 fully contact with test specimen test surfaces; Slowly mobile T-shaped 5 Vierendeel girder 2 along vehicle frame 1 slides so that probe 8 from the Along ent test specimen along this vertical line, move to till the opposite side of initial line; Take out the drawing in data board, obtain the surface profile line of the test specimen test surfaces that this vertical line is corresponding.Concrete surface is peeled off to the surface profile line of degree measuring instrument gained, amplifying 5 times prints, then line taking rope allow cotton rope overlap with surface profile line, just can measure the length of the surface profile line after amplification, then divided by 5 length L that are just amplified front surface outline line.Gauging surface outline line length L and the length difference R that does not peel off front test specimen surface profile line length l
a, i.e. R
a=L-l.According to identical operation, calculate respectively the surface profile line and the length difference R that does not peel off front test specimen surface profile line of the test specimen test surfaces that these 5 vertical lines are corresponding
a, will obtain 5 R
aaverage.
If want, make measurement result more accurate, can increase the quantity of Along ent, thereby obtain the drawings that record test specimen test surfaces surface profile line more, obtain the poor R of more surface profile line length
a.
With concrete surface, peeling off degree measuring instrument measures respectively normal concrete, flyash concrete and agstone concrete and through salt, freezes the length difference R of 14 times, 28 times and 42 times
a, and the CIF method (RILEM TC176) of recommending by International Structure material testing laboratory and the RILEM of expert federation measure, calculate concrete corresponding peel off value, measurement result is in Table 1.
The length difference R of the surface profile line of the various concrete of table 1 after supersalt is frozen
athe amount of peeling off with correspondence
With R
avalue is for horizontal ordinate, and the amount of peeling off is ordinate, three kinds of concrete is frozen to the R of 14 times, 28 times and 42 times through salt
avalue is reflected in Fig. 4 with the relation of the amount of peeling off.R as can be seen from Figure 4
afine with the linear dependence of the amount of peeling off, to use method of the present invention to calculate R
avalue, the peel off value measured with RILEM TC176 is one-to-one relationship, and can obtain linear equation
y=556.2x+138.8, degree of fitting R is 0.979, and R is described
avery good with the linear dependence of the amount of peeling off.From Fig. 4, it can also be seen that the R determining by method of the present invention
avalue is not limited to concrete kind, that is to say the concrete R of any kind
avalue and peel off magnitude relation and be all applicable to this linear equation, therefore, can peel off degree measuring instrument and method of the present invention scene to concrete R by concrete surface
avalue is measured, then in the above-mentioned linear equation of substitution, has just obtained the degree of peeling off (i.e. the amount of peeling off) of detected concrete, saved the process that classic method needs after filtration, dries, weighs, saved human and material resources, financial resources, measuring speed is fast, more efficient.
Find out thus, method operation steps of the present invention is simple, and easily operation can Quick Measuring measures the roughness of sample, for existing method, measures cost low, and measuring speed is fast, test result be easy to observe and reliability high.This method is peeled off the mechanical drive of each parts between degree measuring instrument by concrete surface, directly reflect the roughness of test specimen test surfaces, and the error of measuring in the middle of reducing is saved the program of weighing of drying, and reduces test error, has also accelerated the speed that draws of test result.It is simple in structure that concrete surface peels off degree measuring instrument, can now with existing, assemble, and for one side freezing-thawing test case, volume is light and handy, is easy to carry.The measuring accuracy of the inventive method can reach 0.01mm; it can be subsequent measurements concrete surface roughness value; determine deteriorated rear concrete real protection layer thickness and deteriorated thin spot; and provide accurate data for further calculating the chloride permeability degree of depth, can also provide reference frame for failure mechanism and the endurance quality of evaluation concrete under multifactor corrosion synergy.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. evaluate the method that concrete surface peels off degree, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) by test specimen test surfaces upward, level is placed on desktop or ground;
(2) choose a limit of test specimen test surfaces, mark respectively several Along ents, take these Along ents as intersection point, make some vertical lines of this edge, measure the test surfaces surface profile line length L that these vertical lines are corresponding;
(3) calculate each point surface profile line length L and the length difference R that does not peel off front test surfaces surface profile line length l
a, R
a=L-l, utilizes length difference R
athe degree of peeling off of numerical value quantitative evaluation test specimen test surfaces, R
anumerical value is higher, and the degree of peeling off is more serious.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, with concrete surface, peel off the surface profile line length L that degree measuring instrument is measured described vertical line, described concrete surface peels off the rectangular parallelepiped vehicle frame that degree measuring instrument comprises that lower end is uncovered, have on a T-shaped Vierendeel girder that is erected at vehicle frame top and perpendicular to one group of opposite side of Vierendeel girder, the lower end of T-shaped is stretched in vehicle frame and is connected with probe holder and connecting rod by rotating shaft, the other end of probe holder has probe straight down, and the connecting rod other end is connected with data board.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described probe holder is by the vertical crossbeam and forming with beam vertical montant straight down all of each limit with T-shaped, and described probe is located at the lower end of montant.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, with described concrete surface, peel off degree measuring instrument and measure the step of the surface profile line length L of described vertical line and be, keep the crossbeam of probe holder to overlap with a vertical line wherein, and allow probe fully contact with test specimen test surfaces; Slowly mobile T-shaped the Vierendeel girder along vehicle frame slides, so that till the Along ent of probe from test specimen move to the opposite side on limit, Along ent place along this vertical line; Take out the drawing in data board, obtain the test surfaces surface profile line that this vertical line is corresponding; Repeat this step and measure the surface profile line of other vertical line, finally measure the surface profile line length L that each vertical line is corresponding.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described concrete surface is peeled off to the test surfaces surface profile line of degree measuring instrument gained, amplifying several times prints, then line taking rope allow cotton rope overlap with described surface profile line, just can measure the length of amplifying the surface profile line after several times, then divided by enlargement factor, just obtain the length L of original surface outline line.
6. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that, described crossbeam is provided with balancing weight.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the weight of described balancing weight is for being no more than 10kg.
8. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 2-7, it is characterized in that, described vehicle frame lower end is provided with wheel.
9. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 2-8, it is characterized in that, described Vierendeel girder upper surface is provided with the sliding tray that the roller established with described T-shaped lower surface matches.
10. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 2-9, it is characterized in that, described connecting rod is provided with recording pointer near one end of data board, and described data board is provided with paper, and described recording pointer is pencil, ball pen, pen.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108981645A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-11 | 赵晓晨 | A kind of smooth measuring device for building |
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