CN104099540A - Preparation method of NiTi fiber reinforced intermetallic compound-based laminar composite material for vibration and noise reduction - Google Patents
Preparation method of NiTi fiber reinforced intermetallic compound-based laminar composite material for vibration and noise reduction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a NiTi fiber reinforced intermetallic compound-based laminar composite material for vibration and noise reduction. The preparation method comprises the steps of polishing Ti foils, Al foils and NiTi alloy fibers by use of abrasive paper to remove oxide layers, next, cleaning by use of an ultrasonic cleaner and then cleaning by use of alcohol, drying, stacking by the unit of Ti foil-Al foil-NiTi fibers-Al foil-Ti foil with the Ti foils as the outmost layers, and putting the entire stacked material in a vacuum hot pressing furnace for sintering. The prepared fiber reinforced laminar composite material is highly damped (the loss modulus can be 3500MPa under the conditions of a temperature ranging from a room temperature to 50 DEG C and 1Hz, and the loss modulus can be 4100MPa under the conditions of the same temperature range and 20Hz) and has high strength (the compressive strength can be 1400MPa), and therefore, the prepared fiber reinforced laminar composite material is a high-performance structure-function integrated composite material.
Description
Technical field
That the present invention relates to is a kind of preparation method who comprises the lamination energy-absorbing material of super-elastic NiTi fiber reinforced material.
Background technology
Adopt the material of high damping to realize the effective way that vibration and noise reducing has become modern project technical field.The Application Areas of high performance damping material is extensive.For example, in shipbuilding n., need to realize vibration and noise reducing with high performance damping material, the noise reduction sheet material using in automobile, sound absorption pad, the sound-proof material using in building structure etc. is all also material or the matrix material of high damping.Analyze and for the high damping material status quo of vibration and noise reducing, can find at present, the material of high damping mainly comprises polymer damping material, such as polyacrylic ester, epoxy resin etc., high-damping metal material, no matter such as Fe-Cr, be associated gold, Zn-Al and be associated gold etc., be metal damping material or polymer damping material, all exists intensity lower, the temperature of using is not high, can not apply the limitation under impact condition.So high damping, high strength, shock-resistant and resistant to elevated temperatures metal and metal-base composites are the focus and emphasis of current damping material area research.
NiTi fiber has been introduced in polymer matrix composites and has prepared the good matrix material of damping capacity, for example, U.S. NASA is applied to high-precision sensor original paper by this material, this class material has advantages such as generally having preparation technology is simple, density is little, good corrosion resistance, is therefore also applied in the vibration and noise reducing fields such as ocean, hydro-structure and underground structure.But this class material is because intensity is low, impact resistance is poor, can not be applied to that supporting capacity is higher, dynamic load and the higher Working environment of temperature.Therefore, exploitation high damping, high strength and impact-resistant metal and metal-base composites have become current problem demanding prompt solution.
Middle nineteen nineties, the U.S. developed low density, high-intensity intermetallic compounds layer shape matrix material Ti/Al
3ti, Ta Shiyou U.S. albany research center foundation is the bionic design of nature shell structure, the method of employing vacuum sintering put forward in middle nineteen nineties in last century, University of California's beginning of this century has developed again without vacuum sintering in branch school, San Diego prepares matrix material patented technology, thereby makes this matrix material realize low-cost, commercialization.In the recent period, cooperate with Solidica Inc. company in branch school, San Diego, University of California, by ultrasonic wave technology of preparing with combine without vacuum sintering technique, successfully prepared the large size intermetallic compound base stratified composite that structure and performance are more excellent, made being applied to for possibility of this novel armor facing material.Its principle is by less interlamellar spacing and many interfacial effects, reduces the susceptibility of the mechanical property of material to original crack as far as possible, and it is a kind of to the insensitive material of defect making Materials.Therefore, it not only has intermetallic compound Al
3ti high strength, high-modulus, thermotolerance, also there is toughness material Ti high-ductility, workability, there is matrix material to the anti-susceptibility of original crack and special rhythmo structure and special failure mechanism simultaneously, make this class stratified composite there is high energy absorption capacity, impact-resistant performance.The appearing as us and develop high-damping metal base composite material and lay a good foundation of this class high strength, low density, shock-resistant intermetallic compound base stratified composite.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of can prepare high damping, low density, high strength, impact-resistant super-elastic NiTi fibre reinforced composites, carries out, the preparation method of easy handling, low, the free of contamination NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material for vibration and noise reducing of cost under middle cold condition.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Adopt sand paper by Ti paper tinsel, Al paper tinsel and the polishing of NiTi alloy fiber, deoxidation layer, with Ultrasonic Cleaners, clean again, then with alcohol, clean, drying is that a unit stacks according to " Ti paper tinsel-Al paper tinsel-NiTi fiber-Al paper tinsel-Ti paper tinsel " after processing, outermost layer is Ti paper tinsel, and the material monolithic stacking is put into vacuum hotpressing stove sintering.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, in described vacuum hotpressing stove, the main technologic parameters of sintering is: 10
-3under the low vacuum of Pa, with certain temperature rise rate, be warmed up to 640 ℃ and insulation, then with certain temperature rise rate, be warmed up to 660～685 ℃ of insulations, with certain rate of temperature fall, cool to 400 ℃ subsequently, then furnace cooling.
2, the pressure that keeps 2～4MPa in temperature-rise period, 660～685 ℃ of holding stages apply 1MPa pressure, and soaking time is 1.5～5h.
3, temperature-fall period keeps 2～4MPa pressure.
4, intensification and rate of temperature fall are 1～2 ℃/min.
Raw materials is commercial TC4 titanium alloy, the chemical composition of this alloy is: titanium (Ti) surplus, iron (Fe)≤0.30, carbon (C)≤0.10, nitrogen (N)≤0.05, hydrogen (H)≤0.015, oxygen (O)≤0.20, aluminium (Al) 5.5～6.8, vanadium (V) 3.5～4.5; Commercial aluminium used is 1060, and its chemical composition is: aluminium (Al): 99.60, and silicon (Si) 0.25, copper (Cu) 0.05, zinc (Zn) 0.05, manganese (Mn) 0.03; Magnesium (Mg) 0.03, iron (Fe) 0.35, titanium (Ti) 0.03, vanadium (V) 0.05; NiTi fibre composition and, each constituent content is: titanium (Ti) surplus, nickel (Ni) 55.83%, carbon, hydrogen (C, H)≤0.01.
The present invention is directed to the growth requirement of China's high-damping metal and metal-base composites, the some problems in the technology of preparing of the fibre-reinforced intermetallic compound base stratified composite of high damping have been solved, damping and the vibration and noise reducing mechanism of matrix material have been verified, the fibre-reinforced stratified composite structure of optimization super-elastic NiTi and preparation technology, invented the new technology of preparing high damping, high strength, impact-resistant structure-function integration matrix material.
Innovative point of the present invention is:
(1) the current fibre reinforced composites of application, do not have structure and the performance characteristics of stratified material, NiTi Fiber Reinforced Ti/Al that the present invention is prepared
3ti stratified composite has special high energy-absorbing rhythmo structure, has excellent performance aspect mechanical property
(2) different with traditional carbon fiber, glass fibre etc., the NiTi fiber that the present invention uses is a kind of steel fiber, with Al
3the consistency of Ti matrix is very good, under specific parameter, diffusion reaction occurs and forms metallurgical binding.
(3) adopt traditional high-temperature technology (metallurgical method) to prepare the super-elasticity that matrix material can change NiTi alloy, and the present invention has adopted low-temperature fabrication, the super-elasticity of NiTi alloy is retained in matrix material, thereby has played effect toughness reinforcing and increase damping capacity.
(4) the present invention can be very easily by changing initial metal foil thickness, foil type, put in order and NiTi fiber size designs structure and the performance of matrix material, and the performance of matrix material is optimized, prepare and meet the different high performance structures-function integration matrix materials that require and adapt to varying environment.
The substantive distinguishing features that the present invention has and significant progress are:
(1) the special process parameter that the present invention sets is conducive to reaction and generates single-phase matrix Al
3ti, with other Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds (as TiAl and AlTi
3) compare Al
3ti has higher Young's modulus (215GPa), lower density (3.5g/cm
3), the fiber reinforcement stratiform matrix material of therefore inventing has the mechanical properties such as low density, high strength, high-modulus.
(2) matrix material that prepared by the present invention is due to its special rhythmo structure and fiber reinforcement effect, its failure mechanism is that delamination, crack deflection, brittle crack energy-absorbing and fiber are extracted the mechanism such as toughness reinforcing, makes this matrix material have high energy-absorbing, impact-resistant mechanical property simultaneously.
(3) the prepared NiTi Fiber Reinforced Ti/Al of the present invention
3ti stratified composite bed interface and fiber interface form zero defect, the combination of high-quality interface by metallurgical binding, thereby make tough metal Ti and NiTi fiber have good toughening effect.
(4) NiTi Fiber Reinforced Ti/Al
3ti stratified composite is through test of many times, its out-of-phase modulus can reach 3500MPa under room temperature to 50 ℃, 1Hz condition, ultimate compression strength can reach 1400MPa, compares with other metal damping materials, and matrix material prepared by the present invention has the excellent properties such as high damping, high strength.
(5) the present invention uses the commercial metal foil (titanium foil, aluminium foil) of wide material sources, low temperature, nontoxic, energy-conserving and environment-protective in matrix material preparation process, and simple for process, cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
NiTi fiber and Al in Fig. 2 embodiment 1
3ti basal body interface stereoscan photograph.
NiTi fiber and and Al in Fig. 3 embodiment 2
3ti basal body interface stereoscan photograph.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below; it should be understood that these embodiment are for the present invention is described, rather than limitation of the present invention; under design prerequisite of the present invention, the present invention is done to simple modifications, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Embodiment 1
By the Ti paper tinsel of 0.5mm, the Al paper tinsel of 0.9mm cuts into 100mm * 100mm square foil, NiTi alloy fiber cuts into the long fiber of 10mm, with sand paper by the cleaning of polishing of original metal foil and fiber surface, scale removal, expose clean surface, then with Ultrasonic Cleaners, clean the Ti paper tinsel after polishing, Al paper tinsel, NiTi alloy fiber, time is 20 minutes, finally use the surface of alcohol clean metal foil and fiber, remove remaining oxide particle and impurity, drying is that a unit stacks two unit according to " Ti paper tinsel-Al paper tinsel-NiTi fiber-Al paper tinsel-Ti paper tinsel " after processing, interval 1mm between fiber, the superiors and orlop are Ti paper tinsel.
The metal foil blank arranging is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, carry out matrix material preparation: 10
-3under temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min under the low vacuum of Pa, be warmed up to 640 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, then the temperature rise rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 660 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, and then being warmed up to 685 ℃ of insulation 4h with the heat-up rate of 1 ℃/min, the speed with 2 ℃/min cools to 400 ℃ subsequently.The pressure that keeps 4MPa in temperature-rise period, 685 ℃ of holding stages apply 1MPa pressure, and temperature-fall period keeps 4MPa pressure.
NiTi Fiber Reinforced Ti/the Al of the present embodiment gained
3the NiTi fiber of Ti stratified composite and the stereoscan photograph of matrix (accompanying drawing 2) can find out that variation (having become ellipse by circle) has occurred the form of the cross section of residue NiTi fiber.This be the atoms metal that causes of the difference due to temperature field in the horizontal direction with different causing of velocity of diffusion of vertical direction.Between fiber and matrix, have a responding layer, energy spectrum analysis and XRD analysis show, interface is Al
3niTi
x(x=0.2～0.9), this interfacial layer hardness is high, and intensity is large, without cavity, flawless.Due to NiTi fiber and Al
3the direct bonding strength of Ti matrix is high, and temperature of reaction carries out at low temperatures, is not sufficient to affect the super-elasticity of NiTi fibrous inside, and this is a major reason that can strengthen damping capacity.This embodiment shows, temperature of reaction is elevated to 685 ℃, and pressure is when 4MPa, and because temperature is higher, NiTi fibre shape changes greatly, and the responding layer of fiber and matrix is thicker, and the NiTi fibre content that causes finally having super-elasticity part is less.
The mechanical property of the matrix material that this is prepared and damping capacity: (1) quasistatic compression testing can obtain ultimate compression strength (vertical stack direction)～1400MPa (2) and can obtain under 1Hz condition by cantilever method, the out-of-phase modulus of room temperature to 50 ℃ this material reaches 3000MPa, and under identical preparation process condition, obtain without the fibre-reinforced Ti/Al of NiTi
3the out-of-phase modulus of Ti stratified composite is only～600MPa.
Embodiment 2
Raw-material pretreatment process is with embodiment 1, and Al paper tinsel thickness used is 1.1mm, and processing parameter used is: 10
-3under temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min under the low vacuum of Pa, be warmed up to 640 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, then the temperature rise rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 660 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, and then being warmed up to 675 ℃ of insulation 1.5h with the heat-up rate of 1 ℃/min, the speed with 2 ℃/min cools to 400 ℃ subsequently.The pressure that keeps 2MPa in temperature-rise period, 675 ℃ of holding stages apply 1MPa pressure, and temperature-fall period keeps 2MPa pressure.
NiTi Fiber Reinforced Ti/the Al of the present embodiment gained
3ti stratified composite stereoscan photograph (accompanying drawing 3) can find out, when temperature reduces, soaking time reduces, and Al paper tinsel thickens, when pressure reduces, and NiTi fiber and Al
3it is high that Ti matrix bound fraction has hardness equally, and intensity is large, without cavity, the advantages such as flawless.As different from Example 1, because preparation temperature is lower, the reaction times is shorter, and the metamorphosis of residue NiTi fiber is less, and remaining NiTi fibre content is more.
Mechanical property and the damping capacity of the matrix material of this preparation preparation: (1) quasistatic compression testing can obtain under ultimate compression strength～1300MPa (2) 1Hz and 20Hz condition, the be respectively～3500MPa of out-of-phase modulus of room temperature to 50 ℃ and～4100MPa.Visible, in low-frequency range, frequency is higher, and its out-of-phase modulus is higher.
By relatively can finding out of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, by controlling temperature of reaction, thereby can change damping capacity and the mechanical property of the microstructure regulation and control matrix material of matrix material.Therefore the present invention can be according to different environments for use the performance requriements to matrix material, by changing preparation technology parameter, prepare the high performance composite that mechanical property is different with damping capacity, to meet the demand under various working conditions.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method for the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material of vibration and noise reducing, it is characterized in that: adopt sand paper by Ti paper tinsel, Al paper tinsel and the polishing of NiTi alloy fiber, deoxidation layer, with Ultrasonic Cleaners, clean again, then with alcohol, clean, drying is that a unit stacks according to " Ti paper tinsel-Al paper tinsel-NiTi fiber-Al paper tinsel-Ti paper tinsel " after processing, outermost layer is Ti paper tinsel, and the material monolithic stacking is put into vacuum hotpressing stove sintering.
2. the preparation method of the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material for vibration and noise reducing according to claim 1, is characterized in that the main technologic parameters of sintering in described vacuum hotpressing stove is: 10
-3under the low vacuum of Pa, with certain temperature rise rate, be warmed up to 640 ℃ and insulation, then with certain temperature rise rate, be warmed up to 660～685 ℃ of insulations, with certain rate of temperature fall, cool to 400 ℃ subsequently, then furnace cooling.
3. the preparation method of the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material for vibration and noise reducing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the pressure that keeps 2～4MPa in temperature-rise period, 660～685 ℃ of holding stages apply 1MPa pressure, and soaking time is 1.5～5h.
4. according to the preparation method of the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material for vibration and noise reducing described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: temperature-fall period keeps 2～4MPa pressure.
5. according to the preparation method of the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material for vibration and noise reducing described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: heating up with rate of temperature fall is 1～2 ℃/min.
6. the preparation method of the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material for vibration and noise reducing according to claim 4, is characterized in that: heating up with rate of temperature fall is 1～2 ℃/min.
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| CN115070037A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for enhancing Ti-Al series layered composite material by utilizing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy |
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| CN115070037A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for enhancing Ti-Al series layered composite material by utilizing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy |
| CN115070037B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2024-01-26 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for reinforcing Ti-Al layered composite material by using AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy |
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