CN104098224A - Country distributed domestic sewage treating system and method - Google Patents
Country distributed domestic sewage treating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104098224A CN104098224A CN201410286811.2A CN201410286811A CN104098224A CN 104098224 A CN104098224 A CN 104098224A CN 201410286811 A CN201410286811 A CN 201410286811A CN 104098224 A CN104098224 A CN 104098224A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a country distributed domestic sewage treating system and method. The system comprises a sewage collection tank (2), an anaerobic filter tank (1), ecological floating islands (11) and a constructed wetland (12), wherein the sewage collection tank (2) is connected with the anaerobic filter tank (1) through a water feeding pipe (3); the anaerobic filter tank (1) is connected with the constructed wetland (12) through a middle water discharging pipe (10); the ecological floating islands (11) float on the water surface of the constructed wetland (12); the constructed wetland (12) is connected with a water discharging pipe (18); the anaerobic filter tank (1) comprises parts of a sewage outlet (5), a sludge settling zone (6), a water distributing hole plate (4), a sludge suspension zone (7), elastic packing (8), the middle water discharging pipe (10) and an exhaust pipe (9) from bottom to top in sequence. The system and the method have the characteristics that the mixed liquor concentration is improved, the waterpower degree is high, blockage and power consumption are avoided, the operation management is simple and convenient, and the greening effect and the ecological effect are good; the country distributed domestic sewage treating system and method are suitable for popularization and application are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water environment pollution and administer technical field, relating to a kind of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device and method.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly and the rapid raising of vast rural area living standards of the people and the obvious improvement of living condition of small towns, rural area, the quantity discharged of domestic sewage in rural areas by using constantly increases.Due to the shortage of the long-range Environmental planning in Rural areas, rural area drainage system is always out in the cold, and the Sewage Treatment Facilities of most of Rural areas is still far from perfect, and causes most of domestic sewage in rural areas by using pollution problem to can not get solving.Ministry of Construction's " village human settlement's present situation and problem " report of survey shows: 96% village does not have discharge conduit and Sewage treatment systems, productive life sewage arbitrarily discharges, cause thus rural rivers generally to be polluted, also serious threat is to underground water, the shallow ground water even having is polluted, and can not take.
The feature of domestic sewage in rural areas by using water quality is that the content of nitrogen and phosphorous is high, biodegradability strong, it is less to contain the hazardous and noxious substances such as heavy metal; In discharge, have each household quantity discharged less, water quality and quantity fluctuation is larger, and discharge point disperses, and collects the features such as more difficult; And in ight soil, contained pathogenic bacteria is more.In addition, China's people in the countryside are lived and are relatively disperseed, existing sewage disposal small scale, make expense for construction, working cost higher, sewage treatment facility is also subject to the impact of local physical environment, China's rural sewage treatment technology is selected and process parameters design is different from city domestic sewage processing, and dimension is larger.The key of rural domestic sewage treatment effect quality is to suit measures to local conditions to select the technology of country practical situation, can not only reach discharging standards, the more important thing is and meet the requirements such as investment is little, operational management is convenient, develop low cost, miniaturization, integrated form, low cost, natural treatment system combination process etc. very urgent and necessary.Therefore, based on the analysis of existing various sewage disposal technology advantages and defect, filter out applicable technology for treating domestic sewage in rural area very crucial, significant.Therefore, technology such as anaerobic filter, ecological floating island, wetlands is optimized combination by the present invention, and rural area decentralized type sewage is processed, and human settlement's improvement, building Socialist New are had to very important actual value.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome defect of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device and method, differentiating domestic and international rural scattered domestic sewage and processing the feature of each technology, application conditions, on the basis of advantage and deficiency etc., creationary proposition anaerobic filter-ecological floating island-Combination System of Constructed Wetland new technology, develop stable, manage simple and direct, the adaptive type decentralized type sewage treatment facility of Non-energy-consumption, carry out the pilot study of combination process new technology effect, seek optimum condition condition, optimal operating parameter and optimum effluent characteristics.Its technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device, comprise sewage collecting pool 2, anaerobic filter 1, ecological floating island 11 and artificial swamp 12, sewage collecting pool 2 is connected by water inlet pipe 3 with anaerobic filter 1, anaerobic filter 1 is connected by middle rising pipe 10 with artificial swamp 12, ecological floating island 11 floats on artificial swamp 12 waters surface, and artificial swamp 12 connects by rising pipe 18; Anaerobic filter 1 each several part is followed successively by from bottom to top: sewage draining exit 5, sludge settling district 6, water distribution orifice plate 4, sludge suspension district 7, elastic filler 8, middle rising pipe 10, vapor pipe 9; Artificial swamp 12 is by pond bottom from lower to upper successively: rising pipe 18, pebble bed 17, metalling 16, coarse sands layer 15, fine sand layer 14, water body 13 and the ecological floating island 11 that floats on water body form.
Preferably, the HRT of described anaerobic filter 1 is that 16h, anaerobic filter 1 filler are that elastic filler 8, ecological floating island 11 plants are watermifoil, iris and mater convolvulus etc., artificial swamp 12 fillers are respectively pebble bed 17, metalling 16, coarse sands layer 15, fine sand layer 14 from bottom to top, pebble bed 17 thickness are 20cm, cobble particle diameter is 3-4cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3; Metalling 16 thickness are 20cm, and particle diameter is 2-3cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3; The thickness of coarse sands layer 15 is 20cm, and particle diameter is 1-2cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 4; The thickness of fine sand layer 14 is 20cm, and particle diameter is less than 1cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 4.
A kind of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment process, comprises the following steps:
1) sewage of sewage collecting pool 2 enters anaerobic filter 1 through water inlet pipe 3, and anaerobic filter 1 processing power is 1.5m
3/ d, water-in and water-out continuously, hydraulic detention time HRT is 16h; Anaerobic filter 1 cubic capacity is 1m
3, useful volume is 0.9m
3, brick mix structure, at the bottom of pool wall and pond by brick become, the sand finish of 2cm,, is placed between brick and mortar as impervious material with geomembrane; Anaerobic filter 1 water inlet design adopts the mode water distribution of pipe multiple spot+water distribution orifice plate 4;
2) anaerobic filter 1 water outlet after treatment flows into ecological floating island 11 and artificial swamp 12 by rising pipe 10 in the middle of Φ 15PVC, and the processing power of artificial swamp is 1.5m
3/ d, water-in and water-out continuously, hydraulic detention time HRT is 40h; Artificial swamp 12 pond 3.3m
3, brick mix structure, at the bottom of pool wall and pond by brick become, the sand finish of 2cm,, is placed between brick and mortar as impervious material with geomembrane; On artificial swamp, place 6-8 ecological floating island, ecological floating island thickness 10cm, long 40cm, wide 20cm, plants iris, watermifoil and mater convolvulus etc. on chinampa; Water through ecological floating island plant 11 and artificial swamp 12 filler co-treatments is discharged to adjacent trenches or field irrigation by rising pipe 18.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) " biology " and " ecology " are coupled, the advantage of the technology such as collection anaerobic filter, ecological floating island and artificial swamp, creationary anaerobic filter-ecological floating island-artificial wetland combination new technology that proposed, wherein, anaerobic filter is born pre-treatment, effectively reduce the organic concentration in sewage, made up ecological floating island and the not good defect of artificial wetland winter treatment effect, avoided the obstruction defect of Artificial Wetland Techniques; Ecological floating island wetland has made up the not good defect of the removal effect such as N, P in anaerobic filter.
(2) take into full account urban residents' ability to shoulder economically, equipment durability etc., develop steady load, structure simple and direct, without triphase separator, without sludge reflux and blast aeration equipment, add filler fix and retain microorganism species, improve mixed liquid concentration, waterpower degree is high,, greening effect simple and convenient without obstruction, non-power consumption, operational management and the good rural scattered domestic sewage treatment facility of ecologic effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device of the present invention, wherein 1, anaerobic filter, and 2, sewage collecting pool, 3, water inlet pipe, 4, water distribution orifice plate, 5, sewage draining exit, 6, sludge settling district, 7, sludge suspension district, 8, elastic filler, 9, vapor pipe, 10, middle rising pipe, 11, ecological floating island, 12, artificial swamp, 13, water body, 14, fine sand layer, 15, coarse sands layer, 16, metalling, 17, pebble bed, 18, rising pipe, 19, valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in more detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device, comprise sewage collecting pool 2, anaerobic filter 1, ecological floating island 11 and artificial swamp 12, sewage collecting pool 2 is connected by water inlet pipe 3 with anaerobic filter 1, anaerobic filter 1 is connected by middle rising pipe 10 with artificial swamp 12, ecological floating island 11 floats on artificial swamp 12 waters surface, and artificial swamp 12 connects by rising pipe 18; Anaerobic filter 1 each several part is followed successively by from bottom to top: sewage draining exit 5, sludge settling district 6, water distribution orifice plate 4, sludge suspension district 7, elastic filler 8, middle rising pipe 10, vapor pipe 9; Artificial swamp 12 is by pond bottom from lower to upper successively: rising pipe 18, pebble bed 17, metalling 16, coarse sands layer 15, fine sand layer 14, water body 13 and the ecological floating island 11 that floats on water body form.
Rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device of the present invention, by anaerobic filter and ecological floating island, the new sewage disposal technology of artificial wetland combination, and by combination process new technology filler, structure, the tests such as operating parameter, determine the best-of-breed technology operating parameter of anaerobic filter-ecological floating island-Artificial Wetland Techniques new technology of combined, anaerobic filter 1 use synthetic glass is made, inner dress anaerobism filler 8, between sewage collecting pool 2 and anaerobic filter 1, be connected with water inlet pipe 3, water inlet pipe 3 is connected to sludge settling district 6, sludge settling district 6 is sludge suspension district 7 above, centre separates with water distribution orifice plate 4, 6 right sides, sludge settling district connect sewage draining exit 5, anaerobic filter 1 top connects vapor pipe 9, rising pipe 10 in the middle of upper right quarter connects, the long 0.2m of sewage collecting pool 2, wide 0.2m, high 0.2m, the long 1m of anaerobic filter 1, wide 1m, high 1m, the high 0.6m of anaerobic filter elastic filler 7, the high 0.1m in sludge settling district 6, the high 0.1m in sludge suspension district 7, the long 1m of water distribution orifice plate 4, wide 1m, thick 5mm, aperture 5mm, pitch-row 5cm, quincuncial arrangement, water inlet pipe 3, middle rising pipe 10 and vapor pipe 9 calibers are 10mm, blow-off pipe 5 caliber 50mm, and water inlet pipe 3, middle rising pipe 10 and blow-off pipe 5 are all with valve 19.The floating body material of ecological floating island 11 is foam and pvc pipe, and chinampa body thickness is 10cm, width 20cm, and length 40cm, plant is chosen iris, watermifoil and mater convolvulus etc.The long 1m of artificial swamp 12, wide 0.6m, high 1m, uses brick one-tenth, uses 2cm sand finish at the bottom of pool wall and pond, and pond adopts geomembrane as water-proof material, is placed between brick and mortar.Artificial swamp 12 is by pond bottom from lower to upper successively: pebble bed 17, metalling 16, coarse sands layer 15, fine sand layer 14 and water body 13 form, and wherein pebble bed 17 thickness are 20cm, and cobble particle diameter is 3-4cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3; Metalling 16 thickness are 20cm, and particle diameter is 2-3cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3; The thickness of coarse sands layer 15 is 20cm, and particle diameter is 1-2cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 4; The thickness of fine sand layer 14 is 20cm, and particle diameter is less than 1cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 4; The thickness of water body 13 is 20cm.At the bottom of the rising pipe 18 joining with artificial swamp is connected on pond, the diameter 10mm of rising pipe 18.The HRT of described anaerobic filter 1 is that 16h, anaerobic filter 1 filler are that elastic filler 8, ecological floating island 11 plants are iris, watermifoil and mater convolvulus etc., and artificial swamp 12 fillers are respectively pebble bed 17, metalling 16, coarse sands layer 15, fine sand layer 14 from bottom to top.
A kind of rural scattered domestic sewage treatment process, comprises the following steps:
Chosen 3 family residents as test point in Qing Yuan village, Yucheng District, Ya'an, each household population is 3-5 people, the average daily productive life sewage of each household 0.5m
3, by the each household concentrated sewage collecting pool 2 that is discharged into of sanitary sewage of every day; Suppose that flow is 1.5m
3/ d; After testing, in sanitary sewage COD content between 120.31～465.6mg/L, NH
3-N content is between 1.05～19.3mg/L, and TN content is between 1.92～23.6mg/L, and TP content is between 0.36～1.6mg/L;
1) sewage of sewage collecting pool 2 enters anaerobic filter 1 through water inlet pipe 3, and anaerobic filter 1 processing power is 1.5m
3/ d, water-in and water-out continuously, hydraulic detention time HRT is 16h; Anaerobic filter 1 cubic capacity is 1m
3, useful volume is 0.9m
3, brick mix structure, at the bottom of pool wall and pond by brick become, the sand finish of 2cm,, is placed between brick and mortar as impervious material with geomembrane; Anaerobic filter 1 water inlet design adopts the mode water distribution of pipe multiple spot+water distribution orifice plate 4; After testing, in water outlet COD content between 55.62～203.3mg/L, NH
3-N content is between 0.78～14.42mg/L, and TN content is between 1.39～18.67mg/L, and TP content is between 0.21～1.03mg/L;
2) anaerobic filter 1 water outlet after treatment flows into ecological floating island 11 and artificial swamp 12 by rising pipe 10 in the middle of Φ 15PVC, and the processing power of artificial swamp is 1.5m
3/ d, water-in and water-out continuously, hydraulic detention time HRT is 40h; Artificial swamp 12 pond 3.3m
3, brick mix structure, at the bottom of pool wall and pond by brick become, the sand finish of 2cm,, is placed between brick and mortar as impervious material with geomembrane; On artificial swamp, place 6-8 ecological floating island, ecological floating island thickness 10cm, long 40cm, wide 20cm, plants iris, watermifoil and mater convolvulus etc. on chinampa; Water through ecological floating island plant 11 and artificial swamp 12 filler co-treatments is discharged to adjacent trenches or field irrigation by rising pipe 18.After testing, water outlet COD content between 22.13～92.26mg/L, NH
3-N content is between 0.31～5.76mg/L, and TN content is between 0.58～7.19mg/L, and TP content is between 0.09～0.48mg/L.
The above; it is only preferably embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any be familiar with those skilled in the art the present invention disclose technical scope in, the simple change of the technical scheme that can obtain apparently or equivalence replace all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device, it is characterized in that, comprise sewage collecting pool (2), anaerobic filter (1), ecological floating island (11) and artificial swamp (12), sewage collecting pool (2) is connected by water inlet pipe (3) with anaerobic filter (1), anaerobic filter (1) is connected by middle rising pipe (10) with artificial swamp (12), ecological floating island (11) floats on artificial swamp (12) water surface, and artificial swamp (12) connects by rising pipe (18); Anaerobic filter (1) each several part is followed successively by from bottom to top: sewage draining exit (5), sludge settling district (6), water distribution orifice plate (4), sludge suspension district (7), elastic filler (8), middle rising pipe (10), vapor pipe (9); Artificial swamp (12) is by pond bottom from lower to upper successively: rising pipe (18), pebble bed (17), metalling (16), coarse sands layer (15), fine sand layer (14), water body (13) and the ecological floating island (11) that floats on water body form.
2. rural scattered domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the HRT of described anaerobic filter (1) is that 16h, anaerobic filter (1) filler are that elastic filler (8), ecological floating island (11) plant are iris, watermifoil and mater convolvulus, artificial swamp (12) filler is respectively pebble bed (17), metalling (16), coarse sands layer (15), fine sand layer (14) from bottom to top, pebble bed (17) thickness is 20cm, cobble particle diameter is 3-4cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3; Metalling (16) thickness is 20cm, and particle diameter is 2-3cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3; The thickness of coarse sands layer (15) is 20cm, and particle diameter is 1-2cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 4; The thickness of fine sand layer (14) is 20cm, and particle diameter is less than 1cm, and nonuniformity coefficient is 4.
3. a rural scattered domestic sewage treatment process, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) sewage of sewage collecting pool (2) enters anaerobic filter (1) through water inlet pipe (3), and anaerobic filter (1) processing power is 1.5m
3/ d, water-in and water-out continuously, hydraulic detention time HRT is 16h; Anaerobic filter (1) cubic capacity is 1m
3, useful volume is 0.9m
3, brick mix structure, at the bottom of pool wall and pond by brick become, the sand finish of 2cm,, is placed between brick and mortar as impervious material with geomembrane; Anaerobic filter (1) water inlet design adopts the mode water distribution of pipe multiple spot+water distribution orifice plate (4);
2) anaerobic filter (1) water outlet after treatment flows into ecological floating island (11) and artificial swamp (12) by rising pipe (10) in the middle of Φ 15PVC, and the processing power of artificial swamp is 1.5m
3/ d, water-in and water-out continuously, hydraulic detention time HRT is 40h; Artificial swamp 12 pond 3.3m
3, brick mix structure, at the bottom of pool wall and pond by brick become, the sand finish of 2cm,, is placed between brick and mortar as impervious material with geomembrane; On artificial swamp, place 6-8 ecological floating island, ecological floating island thickness 10cm, long 40cm, wide 20cm, plants iris, watermifoil and mater convolvulus on chinampa; Water through ecological floating island plant (11) and artificial swamp (12) filler co-processing is discharged to adjacent trenches or field irrigation by rising pipe (18).
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| CN201410286811.2A CN104098224B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | Country distributed domestic sewage treating system and method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104496113A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 浙江晶泉水处理设备有限公司 | Distributed sewage treatment system |
| CN106746387A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-05-31 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of decentralized sewage treatment method |
| CN107200443A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-26 | 河海大学 | One kind is applied to highlands distributed sewage treatment system for rural life |
| CN109250821A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-22 | 中国机械设备工程股份有限公司 | It is classified biofiltration gaseous-waste holdup system |
| CN113185068A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-30 | 桂林理工大学 | Combined type organic wastewater treatment system |
| CN115215435A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-21 | 湖南首辅环境科技有限公司 | Equipment for treating rural decentralized domestic sewage |
| CN115304219A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-08 | 武汉中科水生环境工程股份有限公司 | Integrated equipment and method suitable for rural sewage treatment |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104496113A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 浙江晶泉水处理设备有限公司 | Distributed sewage treatment system |
| CN106746387A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-05-31 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of decentralized sewage treatment method |
| CN106746387B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-05-12 | 河南工程学院 | Distributed sewage treatment method |
| CN107200443A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-26 | 河海大学 | One kind is applied to highlands distributed sewage treatment system for rural life |
| CN109250821A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-22 | 中国机械设备工程股份有限公司 | It is classified biofiltration gaseous-waste holdup system |
| CN109250821B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-12-29 | 中国机械设备工程股份有限公司 | Hierarchical biofiltration retention system |
| CN113185068A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-30 | 桂林理工大学 | Combined type organic wastewater treatment system |
| CN115215435A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-21 | 湖南首辅环境科技有限公司 | Equipment for treating rural decentralized domestic sewage |
| CN115304219A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-08 | 武汉中科水生环境工程股份有限公司 | Integrated equipment and method suitable for rural sewage treatment |
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