CN104092642A - Carrier phase synchronization method and device for non-coherent demodulation circuit - Google Patents
Carrier phase synchronization method and device for non-coherent demodulation circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104092642A CN104092642A CN201410369979.XA CN201410369979A CN104092642A CN 104092642 A CN104092642 A CN 104092642A CN 201410369979 A CN201410369979 A CN 201410369979A CN 104092642 A CN104092642 A CN 104092642A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carrier phase synchronization method and device for a non-coherent demodulation circuit. An all-digital implementation mode is adopted for the method and the device, and two working modes, namely. a phase acquisition mode and a phase tracking mode, are adopted. The method comprises the following steps: in a phase acquisition stage in a preamble period, estimating carrier frequency offset by delay-related calculation on a preamble, estimating an initial phase by utilizing a frequency offset estimation result and a known preamble sequence, and performing frequency and phase compensation calculation on received data; after the preamble period, starting dispreading the data, and starting a phase tracking stage; and in the phase tracking stage, performing correlation calculation by utilizing spreading code data corresponding to demodulated symbols and the received data, estimating a residual phase difference of each symbol, and performing phase compensation calculation on the received data. The method and the device are used for the carrier phase synchronization of a non-coherent demodulation digital baseband design, and the carrier phase synchronization can be accurately implemented under the condition of low signal to noise ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, especially relate to the communication system that adopts the compatible IEEE 802.15.4 standard that non-coherent demodulation mode realizes, the carrier phase synchronization that the present invention collects mail for achieving a butt joint number.
Background technology
IEEE 802.15.4 standard definition physical layer and two specifications of media access control layer of a low-speed wireless territory net (LR-WPAN).The feature of IEEE 802.15.4 low rate, low-power consumption and short-distance transmission makes it be applicable to being applied to wireless sensor network field.IEEE 802.15.4c physical layer specifies three frequency ranges, i.e. 2.4GHz frequency range, 868/915MHz frequency range and 780MHz frequency range.In the special 780MHz frequency range of China, regulation and stipulation two kinds of physical layer modulation schemes: adopt O-QPSK modulation scheme and direct sequence spread spectrum skill and adopt MPSK modulation scheme and direct sequence spread spectrum skill, two kinds of modulation schemes all adopt raised cosine pulse molding mode.
Due to IEEE 802.15.4 index plane to be low-power consumption, application cheaply, requirement on devices volume used is little, integrated level wants high, so the demodulator circuit of IEEE 802.15.4 standard is general, what adopt is non-coherent demodulation mode.And non-coherent demodulation mode is not know the frequency shift (FS) of carrier wave and initial phase, need to have frequency shift (FS), the initial phase of circuit to carrier wave to estimate, then carry out frequency and phase compensation completes carrier phase synchronization.
At present the method for carrier phase synchronization is mainly that to utilize phase-locked loop pll and voltage controlled oscillator VCO to carry out closed loop forward carriers at RF front end synchronous, conventional structure has the modes such as inphase quadrature ring, quadratic loop and M Fang Huan to realize the synchronous of carrier phase, the synchronous analogue device that mostly adopts of this class is realized at radio frequency end, power consumption and volume are all larger, are not easy to integrated.And mainly containing two classes for the carrier phase synchronization circuit of IEEE 802.15.4 at present: the first kind is at the skew of digital base band processor estimated frequency and initial phase, and phase compensation is not processed in digital baseband, digital baseband itself does not do phase compensation computing, but the indication information of frequency plot mistake is passed to voltage controlled oscillator VCO, allow the VCO lock, thereby complete carrier phase synchronization.Equations of The Second Kind is in digital base band processor, to complete the line phase compensation of estimating to go forward side by side of frequency shift (FS) and initial phase to calculate, and completes carrier phase synchronization.What Equations of The Second Kind method adopted is digital design, and its advantage is to reduce complexity and the power consumption of RF design, reduces the area of whole receiver, and integrated level is high, can be easy to be integrated in SOC (system on a chip) SOC zoning design go.
And in digital design, Nonlinear Transformation in Frequency Offset Estimation is to utilize the data that receive to postpone correlation computations to complete Frequency offset estimation mostly, if the in the situation that of low signal-to-noise ratio, the precision meeting severe exacerbation of its Frequency offset estimation, because it does not utilize the relevant information of known preamble sequence to fall low noise interference, its phase compensation is only aimed at frequency shift (FS) phase compensation in addition, generally all do not consider that initial phase is estimated and phase place residual error is followed the tracks of, like this owing to there being estimated frequency error, along with the increase of packet length, the phase difference of the data point receiving can be accumulated to a very large value, this can cause the very large error rate to demodulator circuit.
Summary of the invention
(1) goal of the invention
The invention provides the digital realization adopting in a kind of direct sequence spread spectrum communication system in non-coherent demodulation circuit, method and the device that can accurately carry out carrier phase synchronization under Low SNR, in low signal-to-noise ratio environment, the method and device can be realized accurate estimation and the tracking of carrier phase, can significantly reduce the error rate of system, improve the performance of receiver.
(2) technical scheme
The present invention is a kind of carrier phase synchronization method and device for non-coherent demodulation circuit, its carrier phase synchronization method is: carrier phase synchronization is divided into phase place obtaining mode and two kinds of mode of operations of Phase Tracking pattern, in the lead code phase of the cycles, be operated in phase place obtaining mode, it comprises Frequency offset estimation and initial phase is estimated, in the data despreading cycle, the irreducible phase errors that adopts Phase Tracking pattern to realize symbol is estimated, accurate tracking phase place.The process of its carrier synchronization is: within the lead code cycle, first the lead code that is L data to the length receiving postpones correlation computations, be a chip period (L is less than or equal to preamble length) time of delay, utilize the relevant coefficient obtaining of known preamble sequence delays to carry out filtering processing to the result of calculating, and calculate the average Δ ω of phase place after treatment, obtain the estimated value of frequency shift (FS); According to the value of Δ ω, the data of the delay L chip period receiving are rotated, eliminate the impact of frequency shift (FS), each data are carried out to frequency offset compensation calculating, again the data after compensation are carried out to correlation computations with the corresponding lead code chip of L data receiving, result of calculation is obtained to the average θ of its phase place, as the estimated value of initial phase; In the data despreading cycle, utilize the chip value that despreading symbol is out corresponding to carry out correlation computations with the data that receive that postpone a symbol period, and calculate the phase place average φ of its result, as the irreducible phase errors of symbol.Then according to the result of Δ ω, θ and φ, calculate the phase pushing figure Ψ of the each data that receive, carry out phase compensation calculating, complete carrier phase synchronization.Wherein the account form of data phase side-play amount is as follows: obtain the stage in phase place, the phase pushing figure Ψ of each data be phase-accumulated value (the phase-accumulated calculating increment of each data is Δ ω) with θ's and; In the Phase Tracking stage, the phase pushing figure Ψ of the initial data of each symbol be phase-accumulated value (the phase-accumulated calculating increment of each data is Δ ω), θ and φ's and, the phase pushing figure that the phase pushing figure Ψ of the data in a symbol period equals data adds frequency shift (FS) phase place incremental change Δ ω.
(3) technique effect
Carrier phase synchronization method of the present invention and device comprise phase deviation and calculate and compensate calculating, it is all Digital Realization, integrated level is high, and it has considered and utilize known preamble sequence to carry out matched filtering to the data that receive, and reduces the impact of noise on estimated frequency error.The carrier residual Phase Tracking technology that has simultaneously proposed a kind of new judgement-feedback-type is eliminated the adverse effect of phase error accumulation, by MATLAB emulation with write RTL code, carry out digitalized design verification, show the maximum frequency deviation that the method can specify in IEEE 802.15.4 agreement, data packet length is 128, under the condition of signal to noise ratio lower than 8.5dB, under 0.01 prerequisite, complete the precisely synchronous of carrier wave ensureing that Packet Error Ratio is less than.Fig. 6 has provided and has not adopted known preamble sequence to carry out traditional carrier synchronization mode of matched filtering and Phase Tracking and the described method of patent documentation [1] the performance comparison diagram with method described in this patent to the data that receive, as can be seen from Figure 6 the method that this patent adopts can greatly reduce the error rate of system under identical state of signal-to-noise, improve the noise robustness of receiver, the in the situation that of same bit error rate, this method probably has the lifting of 2.5dB performance than document [1], than the general lifting that has 6dB performance of traditional approach.
Refer to Patent Document
Patent documentation [1]: Lv Qiangliang loyalty is rushed etc. the frequency deviation estimating method in a kind of wireless communication system carrier synchronization: China, 200910242498.1[P] .2010.05.19.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of carrier phase synchronization method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the general structure schematic diagram of carrier phase synchronization device of the present invention, comprises frequency compensation estimation, initial phase estimation, phase error tracking submodule, accumulator, adder, data selector, multiplier, digital oscillator NCO module.
Fig. 3 is Frequency offset estimation sub modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is initial phase estimator modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is phase error tracking sub modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is carrier phase synchronization performance of the present invention and conventional method and patent documentation [1] method effect contrast figure.
Embodiment
If sequence { R
nbe the sequence after non-coherent demodulation of the digital baseband receiving terminal of IEEE 802.15.4, can be expressed as:
R
n＝S
n·Exp(j(2πΔfnT
c+θ)) (1-1)
Wherein sequence { S
nbe the baseband chip sequence that transmitting terminal sends, Δ f is frequency shift (FS), T
cfor chip duration, θ is initial phase.
To the data delay correlation computations receiving,
Then this sequence is multiplied by sequence { D
n, wherein
claim sequence { D
nbe known code sequence delays correlation, then calculate the mean value of the phase place of front L result, obtain frequency shift (FS) phase increment Δ ω, that is:
Because the auto-correlation function of spreading code is real number, so
phase angle be 0.The phase value that above formula calculates is exactly the increment Delta ω=2 π Δ fT that frequency shift (FS) causes
c, Arg () is for getting phase angle mean value calculation.
Calculate after the phase increment Δ ω that frequency shift (FS) causes, can utilize following formula to obtain initial phase θ,
After leading character symbol period finishes, enter the data despreading cycle, at this moment carrier phase synchronization device enters residual phase tracking phase, and its thinking is to adopt the spread spectrum code sequence of the symbol of having adjudicated to feed back in phase error tracking module to complete Phase Tracking, adopts following formula to calculate:
In the lead code cycle, enter phase place obtaining mode, the data phase side-play amount Ψ receiving adopts following account form:
Ψ
n＝θ+Δω×n (1-6)
In the data despreading cycle, enter Phase Tracking pattern, in the starting point of each symbol, the data phase side-play amount Ψ receiving adopts following formula to calculate:
Ψ
n＝φ+θ+Δω×n (1-7)
The phase pushing figure Ψ of the data in symbol period adopts the phase pushing figure of previous data to add Δ ω,
Ψ
n+1＝Ψ
n+Δω (1-8)
After calculating the phase pushing figure Ψ of the data that receive, can adopt following formula to carry out frequency plot compensation, establish data sequence after compensation for R,
n}
R,
n＝R
nExp(-jψ)＝S
n (1-9)
Analytic process is above also the step process of whole carrier phase synchronization method, and that is not difficult from upper surface analysis draws its implement device.IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer protocol data unit (PHY protocol data unit, PPDU) there are 8 symbol0 as lead code, several symbol0 have been used for energy measuring and automatic gain control (AGC) etc. above, and remaining lead code is used for carrying out Frequency offset estimation and initial phase is estimated.The flow chart of whole digital carrier phase synchronization method as shown in Figure 1, implement device as shown in Figure 2, be divided into phase place and obtain mode of operation and Phase Tracking mode of operation, in the leading character cycle, be operated in phase place obtaining mode, this mainly completes Frequency offset estimation and initial phase is estimated, it realizes structure drawing of device respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, at this moment data phase side-play amount adopts formula (1-6) to calculate, and data phase compensation employing formula (1-9) is calculated.When after leading character end cycle, enter the data despreading stage, now carrier phase synchronization device enters phase error tracking pattern, the phase pushing figure of the data that receive adopts formula (1-7) and formula (1-8) to calculate, and data phase compensation employing formula (1-9) is calculated.
Fig. 3 is Frequency offset estimation sub modular structure schematic diagram, and delayer wherein completes the chip time delay of the data to receiving, and correlator is mainly realized the calculating of formula (1-2).The chip value D of the known preamble that the storage of ROM table is
n, lead code is repetition, thus the chip value that ROM table only need to be stored a leading symbol, periodically circulation output.Product in multiplier perfect (1-3) calculates, phase calculation module perfect (1-3) ask phase angle computing, actual way of realization can be look-up table or rotation of coordinate numerical calculation CORDIC mode.Accumulator is realized the phase place read group total of formula (1-3), and what constant diviser was realized (1-3) asks phase place mean value computation.
Fig. 4 is initial phase estimator modular structure schematic diagram, and the k Δ ω of accumulator perfect (1-4) wherein calculates, and delayer completes the delay of L chip of input data, and NCO completes e
jk Δ ωcalculate, multiplier completes
calculate, correlator completes
calculate.
Because initial phase algorithm for estimating is the same with the form of following the tracks of phase error algorithm, the time of work separates, and just PN code sequence is different, can share a module, with the power consumption of simplified structure, saving circuit resource and area, reduction circuit.
Claims (9)
1. for a carrier phase synchronization method for non-coherent demodulation circuit, comprise the following steps:
Step S101: within the lead code cycle, be that L data postpone correlation computations to the length receiving, be a chip period time of delay, and L is less than or equal to preamble length;
Step S102: the delay correlation of the corresponding lead code chip of precalculated this L data, for subsequent use to do, be a chip period time of delay;
Step S103: ask the product of the result of calculation of step S101 and S102, and calculate the phase place of product term, obtain the average Δ ω of phase place, as the estimated value of frequency shift (FS);
Step S104: each data are carried out to frequency offset compensation calculating, the result of calculating is postponed to L unit, and calculate the correlation of itself and this L corresponding lead code chip of data, result of calculation is obtained to phase place, and obtain the mean value θ of phase place, as the estimated value of initial phase;
Step S105: by the results added of step S103 and S104, calculate the phase pushing figure Ψ of the each data that receive;
Step S106: in the data despreading cycle, the symbol data receiving is postponed to a symbol period, and search chip value corresponding to despreading symbol out, and the data of delay are carried out to correlation computations with corresponding chip, calculate the phase place of correlation, obtain its average φ, as the symbol irreducible phase errors estimated value in Phase Tracking stage;
Step S107: in the original position of each symbol, by the results added of step S103, S104 and S106, calculate the phase pushing figure Ψ of the data of the original position of the each symbol receiving, a symbol period inside, the cumulative Δ ω of phase pushing figure Ψ that the phase pushing figure of each data that receive is previous data;
Step S108: according to the result of calculation of step S105 and step S107, the data that receive are carried out to frequency plot compensation.
2. according to claim 1 for the carrier phase synchronization method of non-coherent demodulation circuit, it is characterized in that, described method is for the communication system of compatible IEEE 802.15.4 standard.
3. according to claim 1 for the carrier phase synchronization method of non-coherent demodulation circuit, in step S103, utilize the correlated results of the known chip value of lead code and time delay thereof to carry out the result of filter step S101, reach the object that reduces noise jamming.
4. according to claim 1 for the carrier phase synchronization method of non-coherent demodulation circuit, it is characterized in that, adopt the chip value of the symbol of having adjudicated to feed back the accumulated error of coming together to estimate phase place with the input data after a symbol of delay, realize the tracking of phase error, utilize this judgement-feedback system to calculate irreducible phase errors.
5. the carrier phase synchronization device that method realizes according to claim 1, it comprises:
Delayer: for the data delay operation of completing steps S101, S104, S106;
Correlator: for the associative operation of completing steps S101, S104, S106;
Multiplier: for the multiplier of completing steps S103, the frequency offset compensation calculating operation of step S104;
Phase calculation: for the phase calculation operation of calculation procedure S103, S104, S106;
Accumulator: for the phase place read group total operation of completing steps S103, S104, S106;
Constant diviser: for the phase place mean value computation operation of completing steps S103, S104, S106;
ROM table: for the result data of storing step S102;
Lead code ROM table: for the value of the lead code chip of storing step S104;
PN code sequence shifting memory: be used for storage and the displacement of PN chip value of the symbol that completing steps S106 judgement-feedback comes;
Numerically-controlled oscillator NCO: the required phase place for completing steps S104, S108 is calculated to sinusoidal, cosine.
6. according to claim 5 for the carrier phase synchronization device of non-coherent demodulation circuit, it is characterized in that, described device is for the communication system of compatible IEEE 802.15.4 standard.
7. the carrier phase synchronization device for non-coherent demodulation circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, asks for phase calculation and can adopt the mode of look-up table or rotation of coordinate numerical calculation CORDIC to realize.
8. the carrier phase synchronization device for non-coherent demodulation circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, numerically-controlled oscillator NCO can adopt the mode of look-up table or rotation of coordinate numerical calculation CORDIC to realize.
9. the carrier phase synchronization device for non-coherent demodulation circuit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, initial phase is estimated and symbol irreducible phase errors estimates to have identical structure, and just the sequence of PN chip is different, can adopt and share same module realization.
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