CN104090120A - Permanent magnet type breaking and closing speed sensor for high-voltage switch - Google Patents
Permanent magnet type breaking and closing speed sensor for high-voltage switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN104090120A CN104090120A CN201410347015.5A CN201410347015A CN104090120A CN 104090120 A CN104090120 A CN 104090120A CN 201410347015 A CN201410347015 A CN 201410347015A CN 104090120 A CN104090120 A CN 104090120A
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- coil
- permanent magnet
- voltage switch
- divide
- shut brake
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Abstract
The invention relates to a permanent magnet type breaking and closing speed sensor for a high-voltage switch. The permanent magnet type breaking and closing speed sensor comprises a permanent magnet, a first coil, a second coil, a coil bobbin, a casing, a connector and a positioning connector. Open holes identical in diameters are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical casing, the coil bobbin is arranged in the casing fixedly, and the first coil and the second coil which are identical in turns and winding directions are wound at the upper end and the lower end of the coil bobbin respectively in a longitudinal symmetry mode. The permanent magnet is a solid cylinder and is made of neodymium iron boron alloy, arranged in the inner hole of the coil bobbin and positioned between the first coil and the second coil. The permanent magnet type breaking and closing speed sensor is free of external power supply, simplified and simple in structure, few in parts, high in reliability and free of maintenance within twenty years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of divide-shut brake speed pickup of high-voltage switch gear special use, does not need power supply, non-maintaining, is particularly suitable in the vacuum switch of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) and pole.
Background technology
High-voltage switch gear in electric system, according to the difference of arc-extinguishing medium, conventional can be divided into three kinds: low-oil-content circuit-breaker, vacuum switch and SF
6switch.The state parameter monitoring of various switches be unable to do without sensor.Minute, closing speed is two important parameters that need monitoring.According to principle sorted generalization, the divide-shut brake speed pickup that can be applied at present high-voltage switch gear mainly contains:
1) optical displacement sensor
Optical displacement sensor is conventional Rotary Optoelectrical Encoder of Incremental Type and straight line photoelectric encoder.Measuring principle is: straight line photoelectric encoder is arranged on high-voltage switch gear parts moving linearly, or rotary photoelectric encoder is arranged on the main shaft of high-voltage operating mechanism to the motor message of moving contact while measuring the operation of minute (closing) lock by the signal output waveform of pick-up transducers.
Photoelectric encoder has its merits and demerits: the advantage such as the volume of photoelectric encoder is very little, lightweight, dynamic frequency responds, but photoelectric encoder also comprises certain shortcoming, as low in cannot be directly determined excess of stroke starting point, precision, and need a lot of electronic devices and components according to function, complicated operation, and price is also more expensive.The grating space of photoelectric sensor is subject to the impact of technical conditions to have certain restriction, grating space generally all designs in 0.5mm left and right, the contact of high-voltage switch gear open apart from and excess of stroke General Requirements be no more than 1% of the standard value of dispatching from the factory, mechanical property that at all cannot Measurement accuracy high-voltage switch gear with grating sampling chi, measurement effect is also made a discount.In addition, it is higher to the requirement for environmental conditions of measuring.
2) differential transformer displacement sensor
Differential transformer LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) formula displacement transducer is a kind of opening transformer, and there is a winding on the former limit of this transformer, and secondary has two windings that connect by differential mode.The advantage of this sensor is that measuring accuracy is high, the linearity good, long service life, sensitivity and resolution high, there is stronger antijamming capability, can under the rugged surroundings such as strong electromagnetic or strong mechanical vibration, normally work.Shortcoming is to install inconvenience.
3) resistor type displacement sensor
Adopt resistor type displacement sensor to measure moving contact and the insulation moving contact stroke measurment of high-voltage switch gear.Its principle of work is when movable contact of high-voltage switch moves, and the voltage at sensor two ends changes, and detects the motion state of movable contact of high-voltage switch by the variation of measuring voltage.Resistor type displacement sensor has the advantages that precision is high, the life-span is long, the linearity is good, but its cost is more expensive.
The above-mentioned various kinds of sensors being applied at present on high-tension switch gear all needs external power supply, has increased the complicacy of hermetic seal and epoxy resin cure encapsulating structure.Therefore, consider the requirement of sensor and the shortcoming of above-mentioned several tachogenerators, theoretical based on integrated design, the present invention proposes and be a kind ofly exclusively used in that monitoring high-voltage switch gear divides, the sensor of closing speed, it does not need power supply, non-maintaining, is particularly suitable in the vacuum switch of GIS and pole.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind ofly based on electromagnetic induction principle, the tachogenerator that utilizes novel permanent magnetic material to realize, for measuring instantaneous velocity and the average velocity of high-voltage switch gear divide-shut brake.This speed sensor is that with the maximum difference of sensor in the past it does not need power supply, can realize 20 years non-maintaining, match with the life-span of the on high-tension side switch entity part of high-voltage switch gear.This sensor is by producing relative motion between coil and permanent magnet, cutting magnetic line and produce induced potential, and pick-up transducers internal induction voltage signal, utilizes the single-valued relationship of coil voltage and permanent magnet speed to carry out measuring speed.Permanent magnet is connected with moving contact connecting rod, acts in agreement; Coil fixed installation, is beneficial to electrical wiring.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
For a magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear, the composition of this sensor comprises permanent magnet, the first coil, the second coil, coil rack, shell, joint and locator sub;
Its position relationship is: shell is cylindrical, upper and lower side respectively has the perforate that diameter is identical, enclosure is fixedly installed coil rack, the upper and lower side of coil rack respectively coiling is installed with the first coil and the second coil, the number of turn, the coiling direction of the first coil and the second coil are identical, symmetrical up and down; In the endoporus of coil rack, be permanent magnet, permanent magnet is solid cylinder, and the height of permanent magnet is with the height of enclosure;
The material of described permanent magnet adopts Nd-Fe-B series alloy;
The top of permanent magnet is connected with the joint of same diameter, and bottom is connected with same diameter locator sub; The perforate of shell, the endoporus of coil rack, the first coil, the second coil and permanent magnet are on same axis; After the first coil and the second coil series winding, receive the input end of metering circuit.
The diameter of permanent magnet is 15mm, length 52mm.
The material of described permanent magnet is Nd2Fe14B, and the trade mark is N38.
The material of joint and locator sub is brass, and coil rack is made with insulating material teflon.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Permanent magnet of the present invention is connected with movable contact of high-voltage switch connecting rod, thereupon motion together; Coil, in permanent magnet outside, maintains static.Coil and permanent magnet relative motion cutting magnetic line produce induced potential like this, and electrical wiring is also convenient in coil fixed installation simultaneously.And this sensor do not need external power supply, simplify the structure, particularly for gas-filling cabinet or pole type vacuum switch, if provide the power supply of working reliably and with long-term in its whole maintenance cycle more difficult, the present invention has avoided this difficult problem, strong adaptability.
The present invention is applicable to all vacuum switches, SF
6switch and oil switch, for the high-voltage switch gear of friction speed scope, the theory structure of its speed pickup is identical, but design parameter structure is all difference optimal design.The single-valued relationship of coil voltage and permanent magnet speed will be calibrated respectively.
The maximum difference of this speed sensor and sensor is in the past that it does not need power supply (AC and DC power supply or battery), non-maintaining.For all vacuum switches, SF
6the high-voltage switch gears such as switch, its on high-tension side switch entity part can be accomplished maintenance-free now, 20 years in other words non-maintaining, but at present in low-pressure side, particularly survey sensor part, all do not accomplish both at home and abroad 20 years non-maintaining, such as relating to computer system and some intelligent software part, need to constantly upgrade, upgrade, or even system clock battery must be changed.But these are all in confined space outside or in low-pressure side, upgrade or repair is relatively easy, but for this class of sensor the device in monitoring system front end (high pressure survey); if need maintenance or change; can only shut down, certainly will affect mains supply reliability, generally this is unallowed.
If consider again the feature of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) or pole type vacuum switch: the core of these equipment is confined spaces.For GIS, in its seal cavity, be filled with 5～6 atmospheric SF
6gas, sensor must be in this seal cavity, even in repair demolition process, SF
6gas does not allow to leak in air, because SF
6gas is greenhouse gases, can imagine, if desired changes the difficulty of probe power, and therefore the sensor without power supply of the present invention especially has advantage.For pole type vacuum switch, its seal cavity is poured with epoxy resin, sensor must be in this seal cavity, and dismounting is destructive, and sensor of the present invention not only does not need to change power supply, avoid dismounting, simultaneously simple in structure, part is few, and reliability is high, can realize 20 years non-maintaining, match with the life-span of on high-tension side switch entity part.Therefore, the present invention is particularly suitable in the vacuum switch of GIS and pole.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup of the present invention is arranged on the schematic diagram in vacuum switch.
Fig. 2 is magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup principle assumption diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1: 1-magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup, 2-connecting rod, 3-moving contact connecting rod, 4-operating mechanism connecting rod.
Switch operation mechanism (not drawing in Fig. 1) provides power, makes 4 motions of operating mechanism connecting rod, by the conversion of connecting rod 2, drives 3 motions of moving contact connecting rod.The profile of magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup 1 is right cylinder, and its permanent magnet magnetic core 5 is connected with the moving contact connecting rod 3 of vacuum switch by joint 10, motion together with moving contact connecting rod 3.Other parts of magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup are motionless.
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure of magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup of the present invention, and its composition comprises permanent magnet 5, coil 6, coil 7, coil rack 8, shell 9, joint 10 and locator sub 11;
Its position relationship is: shell 9 is for cylindrical, upper and lower side respectively has the perforate that diameter is identical, and shell 9 inside are fixedly installed coil rack 8, and the upper and lower side of coil rack 8 respectively coiling is installed with coil 6 and coil 7, the number of turn, the coiling direction of coil 6 and coil 7 are identical, symmetrical up and down; In the endoporus of coil rack 8, be permanent magnet 5, permanent magnet 5 is solid cylinders, and the height of permanent magnet 5 is with the height of shell 9 inside;
The top of permanent magnet 5 is connected with the joint 10 of same diameter, bottom is connected with same diameter locator sub 11, joint 10 is affixed with moving contact connecting rod 3 use screw threads, the scope of permanent magnet 5 motions is opened apart from determining by high-voltage switch gear, for example, 10kV vacuum switch is opened apart from being 8 millimeters, exceed the scope of coil, and during motion, its alignment is guaranteed by joint 10 and locator sub 11; And the endoporus of the perforate of shell 9, coil rack 8, coil 6, coil 7 and magnet connecting rod are positioned on same axis;
The diameter of permanent magnet 5 is 15mm, length 52mm; The diameter of shell perforate is
mm.Coil rack 8 internal diameter 18mm, external diameter is 45mm.
The material of described permanent magnet 5 adopts Nd-Fe-B series alloy, and composition is Nd2Fe14B, and the trade mark is N38,
Coil 6, coil 7 are exactly the output terminal of sensor electrical signal, receive the input end of metering circuit after series winding.
Coil 6,7 internal diameter 30mm, external diameter 45mm, height 12mm, the position of short transverse, coil 6,7 is all 3mm apart from permanent magnet upper and lower side respectively.The spacing of coil 6,7 is 22mm.
Joint 10 and locator sub 11 all select nonmagnetic substance brass to make, and are all threaded connection with permanent magnet 5 and are connected, and coil rack 8 use insulating material teflon are made.
Sensor profile is right cylinder, utilizes its shell 9 fixing during installation.(shell adopts electrical pure iron to make, and can protect coil, forms again a part for magnetic circuit.) permanent magnet 5 is positioned on this cylindrical axis.Permanent magnet 5 is solid cylinders, and NdFeB material is made, and it and moving contact connecting rod 3 are threaded connection, and on identical axis, can move together along with moving contact connecting rod 3, and movement locus is all the time on axis.Coil 6 and coil 7 are solenoid structures, wind the line separately at the correspondence position of coil rack 8, and permanent magnet 5 forms coil 6 and the common iron cores of coil 7, and permanent magnet 5 and coil 6, coil 7 are coaxial.Coil rack 8 use insulating material teflon are made.The coiling on coil rack 8 of coil 6 and coil 7 is placed in shell 9 fixing after completing.Between permanent magnet 5 and coil rack 8 endoporus, there is space, make not affect the motion of permanent magnet 5.
During measurement, motion together with the moving contact connecting rod 3 of permanent magnet 5 and vacuum switch, produce relative motions with coil 6, coil 7, cutting magnetic line produces induced potential, can draw the single-valued relationship curve of induced potential and movement velocity according to simulation calculation and experiment measuring.Can measure like this divide-shut brake movement velocity of switch movable contact.
Application Example
The metering circuit that magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup connects, comprise that signal sampling, peak value lock-in circuit, operational amplification circuit etc. are partly routine techniques, within being not included in the present invention, coil 6,7 the number of turns: 600, the material of coil rack: teflon.Metering circuit application DSP F2812 realizes.The process chip of data acquisition, combines dsp processor with the A/D conversion chip carrying in sheet, realize data acquisition unit DSP minimum system; Software section mainly comprises the design of DSP master routine, the design of the design of A/D interruption subroutine and CAN communicator program etc.By the design of data acquisition module software and hardware, realize data acquisition and the computing of vacuum switch divide-shut brake speed.Data processing and related software are similarly techniques well known.
The material of permanent magnet 5 adopts Nd-Fe-B series alloy, and the trade mark is N38.
Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material, it is the third generation high performance permanent magnetic materials coming out nineteen eighty-three, its principal ingredient is Nd2Fe14B, be the strongest permanent magnetic material of current magnetic property, his maximum magnetic energy product can reach 398kJ/m3, and remanent magnetism reaches as high as 1.47T, the highest 1000kA/m that surpasses of coercive force, due to its component aboundresources, it is cheap, can be referring to well known materials [1].
The magnetic parameter of table 1 neodymium iron boron N38
[1] Liu Yapi, when golden, Bao great Xin, Ren Xuyu. the development trend of permanent magnetic material. magnetic material and device .2003,34 (2): 33-36.
Permanent magnet 5 is solid cylinders, outside and coil rack 8 leaves certain interval, guarantee the free movement of permanent magnet 5, on coil rack 8, coiling is installed with coil 6 and coil 7, the number of turn, the coiling direction of coil 6 and coil 7 are identical, and the two ends in permanent magnet 5 short transverses are symmetrical up and down.Two coils lay respectively at the permanent magnet two ends of flux change maximum, and the sensitivity that has improved sensor, has dwindled volume, have reduced the consumption of enameled wire.Volume less, make the adaptability of this sensor wider, be particularly suitable in the vacuum switch of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) and pole, these are the switchgears through miniaturization, and traditional old-fashioned sensor can be subject to the restriction in space and can not use.
Shell 9 adopts electrical pure irons to make (internal height is 52mm), is ferromagnetic material, forms a part for magnetic circuit, and thickness is larger, and magnetic resistance is less, but the volume and reducing costs of considering to reduce to take up room, through calculating, it is enough that the wall thickness of shell 9 is got 5mm.
The course of work of magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup is: when high-voltage switch gear breaking-closing operating, permanent magnet 5 in Fig. 2 is synchronized with the movement with the moving contact connecting rod in Fig. 1, the induced voltage signal that coil 6, coil 7 cutting magnetic lines produce, through signal acquisition circuit, extract, send in measuring system, through measurement System Analysis, process display measurement result.
Place: laboratory
Technical conditions:
1) power supply: 220V ± 10%, AC50Hz
2) environment temperature :-20 ℃～65 ℃
3) ambient humidity: <80%
4) sea level elevation: <1000m
Vacuum switch (isolating switch) product type is ZN28, and vacuum interrupter model is TD3150/10-40.ZN28 vacuum circuit breaker is the series of products of Xi'an High-Voltage Electrical Appliances research institute design, and representative, this product meets GB1984-2003 standard, be applicable to various fixed switching cabinets, as GG-1A (Z), XGN2A10 (Z) etc., adapted direct solenoid operating mechanism.
By using step operation, measurement result data are as table 2:
Table 2 divide-shut brake velocity survey data
| Measure sensor used | Opening velocity (m/s) | Closing speed (m/s) |
| Magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup | 1.5 | 0.8 |
Unaccomplished matter of the present invention is known technology.
Claims (4)
1. for a magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear, the composition that it is characterized by this sensor comprises permanent magnet, the first coil, the second coil, coil rack, shell, joint and locator sub;
Its position relationship is: shell is cylindrical, upper and lower side respectively has the perforate that diameter is identical, enclosure is fixedly installed coil rack, the upper and lower side of coil rack respectively coiling is installed with the first coil and the second coil, the number of turn, the coiling direction of the first coil and the second coil are identical, symmetrical up and down; In the endoporus of coil rack, be permanent magnet, permanent magnet is solid cylinder, and the height of permanent magnet is with the height of enclosure;
The material of described permanent magnet adopts Nd-Fe-B series alloy;
The top of permanent magnet is connected with the joint of same diameter, and bottom is connected with same diameter locator sub; The perforate of shell, the endoporus of coil rack, the first coil, the second coil and permanent magnet are on same axis; After the first coil and the second coil series winding, receive the input end of metering circuit.
2. the magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear as claimed in claim 1, the diameter that it is characterized by described permanent magnet is 15mm, length 52mm.
3. the magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear as claimed in claim 1, the material that it is characterized by described permanent magnet is Nd2Fe14B.
4. the magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear as claimed in claim 1, the material that it is characterized by joint and locator sub is brass, and coil rack is made with insulating material teflon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410347015.5A CN104090120B (en) | 2014-07-19 | 2014-07-19 | Magneto divide-shut brake velocity sensor for high-voltage switch gear |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410347015.5A CN104090120B (en) | 2014-07-19 | 2014-07-19 | Magneto divide-shut brake velocity sensor for high-voltage switch gear |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104090120A true CN104090120A (en) | 2014-10-08 |
| CN104090120B CN104090120B (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202351395U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-07-25 | 杭州高电科技有限公司 | Device for testing dynamic property of circuit breaker |
| CN103487774A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-01 | 辽宁省计量科学研究院 | High-voltage switch mechanical feature tester verifying device |
| CN203444081U (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-02-19 | 北京电研华源电力技术有限公司 | Monitoring and control system for permanent magnetic mechanism breaker |
| CN203965459U (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2014-11-26 | 河北工业大学 | Magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear |
-
2014
- 2014-07-19 CN CN201410347015.5A patent/CN104090120B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202351395U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-07-25 | 杭州高电科技有限公司 | Device for testing dynamic property of circuit breaker |
| CN203444081U (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-02-19 | 北京电研华源电力技术有限公司 | Monitoring and control system for permanent magnetic mechanism breaker |
| CN103487774A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-01 | 辽宁省计量科学研究院 | High-voltage switch mechanical feature tester verifying device |
| CN203965459U (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2014-11-26 | 河北工业大学 | Magneto divide-shut brake speed pickup for high-voltage switch gear |
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| CN104090120B (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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