CN104085983A - Method for activating anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge under low-temperature condition by using ultrasonic waves - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYQRBKCKQCRYEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk1a7239 Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2N2CC=CC3=NC=CC1=C32 VYQRBKCKQCRYEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009280 upflow anaerobic sludge blanket technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种利用超声波活化低温条件下厌氧氨氧化污泥的方法，所述低温条件指厌氧氨氧化反应器运行的温度为30℃以下，所述方法为：反应容器中加入待活化厌氧氨氧化污泥，然后进行水浴超声处理，水浴温度为31～35℃，超声条件为：频率20kHz、强度0.7～0.9w/cm2，时间为1.7～2.0min；超声处理后得到活化的厌氧氨氧化污泥。本发明采用对厌氧氨氧化污泥施加超声波的方法，可提高低温条件下脱氮性能较低的厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮性能；试验证明，该方法具有操作简单、见效快、使用范围广等优点。The invention provides a method for activating anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge under low temperature conditions by using ultrasonic waves. Activate the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and then perform ultrasonic treatment in a water bath, the temperature of the water bath is 31-35°C, the ultrasonic conditions are: frequency 20kHz, intensity 0.7-0.9w/cm 2 , time 1.7-2.0min; after ultrasonic treatment, it is activated of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge. The present invention adopts the method of applying ultrasonic waves to anammox sludge, which can improve the denitrification performance of anammox bacteria with low denitrification performance under low temperature conditions; the test proves that the method has the advantages of simple operation, quick effect and wide application range wide advantages.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种利用超声波活化低温条件下厌氧氨氧化污泥的方法。The invention relates to a method for activating anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge under low temperature conditions by using ultrasonic waves.
背景技术Background technique
厌氧氨氧化是一种新型生物脱氮工艺，能够在厌氧条件下以亚硝酸盐为电子受体将氨氮氧化为氮气，实现两种氮素污染物的同时脱除，相比于传统生物脱氮工艺，厌氧氨氧化具有脱氮效果好、能耗低、无需外加有机碳源、运行成本低等优点，工业应用前景广阔。但是厌氧氨氧化菌对环境条件敏感，最适温度为30～35℃，温度过低会导致其脱氮性能下降。然而由于季节变化或者地理位置的差异，导致实际的运行温度难以维持在30～35℃，而人为控温设施复杂且经济成本较高。维持厌氧氨氧化菌稳定且高效的脱氮性能是该工艺应用于实际废水处理的重要前提。常见的提高厌氧氨氧化脱氮性能的方法主要有促进污泥颗粒化、添加载体及投加营养物质等。这些技术虽然在一定程度上能够提高厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮性能，但是这些方法均存在一定弊端，如起效时间较长、操作过程复杂、操作技术要求高等。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a new biological denitrification process, which can oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions using nitrite as an electron acceptor, and realize the simultaneous removal of two nitrogen pollutants. Compared with traditional biological The denitrification process, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, has the advantages of good denitrification effect, low energy consumption, no need to add organic carbon source, low operating cost, etc., and has broad prospects for industrial application. However, anammox bacteria are sensitive to environmental conditions, and the optimum temperature is 30-35°C. If the temperature is too low, its denitrification performance will decrease. However, due to seasonal changes or differences in geographical location, it is difficult to maintain the actual operating temperature at 30-35°C, and the artificial temperature control facilities are complex and costly. Maintaining the stable and efficient denitrification performance of anammox bacteria is an important prerequisite for the process to be applied to actual wastewater treatment. Common methods to improve the denitrification performance of anammox mainly include promoting sludge granulation, adding carriers and adding nutrients. Although these technologies can improve the denitrification performance of anammox bacteria to a certain extent, there are certain disadvantages in these methods, such as long onset time, complicated operation process, and high operation technology requirements.
适当强度的超声辐射对微生物反应具有显著刺激作用，可以使细胞壁和细胞膜变薄，促进传质，使得更多的底物分子进入细胞内，增加酶与底物的接触，同时有利于代谢产物的排出，加速菌体代谢以及对污染物的处理。本发明将超声辐射用于激活厌氧氨氧化菌的活性，进而提高其脱氮性能，以维持厌氧氨氧化工艺在低温条件下稳定高效运行。Appropriate intensity of ultrasonic radiation has a significant stimulating effect on microbial reactions, which can thin the cell wall and cell membrane, promote mass transfer, allow more substrate molecules to enter the cell, increase the contact between enzymes and substrates, and facilitate the metabolism of metabolites. Discharge, accelerate the metabolism of bacteria and the treatment of pollutants. The invention uses ultrasonic radiation to activate the activity of the anammox bacteria, thereby improving its denitrification performance, so as to maintain the stable and efficient operation of the anammox process under low temperature conditions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用超声波活化低温条件下厌氧氨氧化污泥的方法，可以提高厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for activating anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge under low temperature conditions by ultrasonic waves, which can improve the denitrification performance of anammox bacteria.
本发明采用技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种利用超声波活化低温条件下厌氧氨氧化污泥的方法，所述低温条件指厌氧氨氧化反应器运行的温度为30℃以下(优选15～30℃)，所述方法为：反应容器中加入待活化厌氧氨氧化污泥，然后进行水浴超声处理，水浴温度为31～35℃，超声条件为：频率20kHz、强度0.7～0.9w/cm2，时间为1.7～2.0min；超声处理后得到活化的厌氧氨氧化污泥。A method for activating anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge under low-temperature conditions by ultrasonic waves, the low-temperature conditions refer to that the operating temperature of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor is below 30°C (preferably 15-30°C), and the method is as follows: a reaction vessel Add the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to be activated, and then perform ultrasonic treatment in a water bath. The temperature of the water bath is 31-35°C. Finally, the activated anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is obtained.
所述待活化厌氧氨氧化污泥通常为受低温条件影响导致脱氮性能降低的厌氧氨氧化污泥。活化的厌氧氨氧化污泥可用于低温条件下(一般为15～30℃温度)的厌氧氨氧化反应器中运行。The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to be activated is usually anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge whose denitrification performance is reduced due to the influence of low temperature conditions. The activated anammox sludge can be used in an anammox reactor operating under low temperature conditions (generally 15-30°C).
所得到活化的厌氧氨氧化污泥可加入厌氧氨氧化反应器中继续运行，每隔7～8天，厌氧氨氧化污泥的活性下降，脱氮性能降低后，可重复上述活化步骤。The activated anammox sludge can be added to the anammox reactor to continue to operate. Every 7 to 8 days, the activity of the anammox sludge decreases and the denitrification performance decreases, and the above activation steps can be repeated .
进一步，水浴超声处理的条件优选为：水浴温度为32℃，超声强度为0.9w cm-2，超声时间为1.9min。Further, the conditions of the ultrasonic treatment in the water bath are preferably: the temperature of the water bath is 32° C., the ultrasonic intensity is 0.9 w cm −2 , and the ultrasonic time is 1.9 min.
本发明通过对受低温条件影响导致脱氮性能较低的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥进行超声波辐射处理，能够及时快速地解决低温导致的厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮能力下降的问题。试验证明此方法能够很好地提高低温条件下(15～30℃温度下)厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮性能。The present invention can promptly and quickly solve the problem of the denitrification ability of anammox bacteria caused by low temperature by performing ultrasonic radiation treatment on anammox granular sludge with low denitrification performance due to the influence of low temperature conditions. Experiments have proved that this method can well improve the denitrification performance of anammox bacteria at low temperature (15-30°C).
本发明提供了一种可用于低温条件下(15～30℃温度)的厌氧氨氧化反应器中运行的活化的厌氧氨氧化污泥。The invention provides an activated anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge which can be used in an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor under low temperature conditions (temperature of 15-30 DEG C).
本发明专利的优点主要体现在：1)操作方法简单，参数易于控制；2)见效快；3)活化效果好。The advantages of the patent of the present invention are mainly reflected in: 1) the operation method is simple, and the parameters are easy to control; 2) the effect is quick; 3) the activation effect is good.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1超声辐射对不同温度下反应器的总氮负荷(NLR)和总氮去除负荷(NRR)的影响曲线图。图1中，◆：RU的NLR，◇：RU的NRR，■：RC的NLR，□：RC的NRR，●：运行期的温度。Fig. 1 The effect curve of ultrasonic radiation on the total nitrogen load (NLR) and total nitrogen removal load (NRR) of the reactor at different temperatures. In Fig. 1, ◆: NLR of R U , ◇: NRR of R U , ■: NLR of R C , □: NRR of R C , ●: temperature during operation.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述，但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
所用仪器：额定频率28kHz超声仪(华深科工，深圳)，超声仪功率为0-800W。Apparatus used: a rated frequency of 28kHz ultrasonic instrument (Hua Shen Ke Gong, Shenzhen), the power of the ultrasonic instrument is 0-800W.
实施例1：Example 1:
步骤：step:
1)污泥活化前反应器的运行状况1) Operation status of reactor before sludge activation
两组构型相同，有效体积为1.0L的UASB反应器，接种污泥为实验室成熟的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥，接种污泥VSS(可挥发性悬浮物)为8.20g L-1，同时置于实验室内(无温控设施)，实时记录反应器内温度变化，控制进水pH值为8.0±0.5，将反应器分为两组：试验组(RU)和对照组(RC)，处理含氮废水。The two sets of UASB reactors have the same configuration and an effective volume of 1.0L. The inoculation sludge is laboratory mature anammox granular sludge, and the VSS (volatile suspended solids) of the inoculation sludge is 8.20g L -1 . At the same time, it is placed in the laboratory (without temperature control facilities), the temperature change in the reactor is recorded in real time, the pH value of the influent water is controlled to be 8.0±0.5, and the reactor is divided into two groups: the test group (R U ) and the control group (R U ). C ), treatment of nitrogenous wastewater.
含氮模拟废水的组成为：(NH4)2SO4210mg L-1，NaNO2210mg L-1，KH2PO410mg L-1，CaCl2·2H2O5.6mg L-1，MgSO4·7H2O300mg L-1,KHCO31250mg L-1，微量元素浓缩液Ⅰ、Ⅱ各1.25ml L-1。其中，微量元素浓缩液Ⅰ的组成为EDTA5g L-1，FeSO4·7H2O9.14g L-1；而微量元素浓缩液Ⅱ组成为EDTA15g L-1，ZnSO4·7H2O0.43gL-1,CoCl2·6H2O0.24g L-1,MnCl2·4H2O0.99g L-1,CuSO4·5H2O0.25gL-1,NaMoO4·2H2O0.22g L-1,NiCl2·6H2O0.21g L-1,H3BO30.014g L-1。溶剂为水。The composition of nitrogen-containing simulated wastewater is: (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 210mg L -1 , NaNO 2 210mg L -1 , KH 2 PO 4 10mg L -1 , CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O5.6mg L -1 , MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 300mg L -1 , KHCO 3 1250mg L -1 , trace element concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ each 1.25ml L -1 . Among them, the composition of trace element concentrate solution Ⅰ is 5g L -1 of EDTA, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O9.14g L -1 ; and the composition of trace element concentrate solution II is 15g L -1 of EDTA, ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O0.43gL -1 ,CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O0.24g L -1 ,MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O0.99g L -1 ,CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O0.25gL -1 ,NaMoO 4 ·2H 2 O0.22g L -1 ,NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.21g L -1 , H 3 BO 3 0.014g L -1 . The solvent is water.
反应器内温度从秋季到冬季持续下降，脱氮效率也逐渐降低，反应器温度在22～30℃之间时，两反应器总氮去除负荷(NRR)分别为4.38kg m-3d-1和4.78kg m-3d-1，温度低于22℃时，两反应器运行性能显著恶化。The temperature in the reactor continued to drop from autumn to winter, and the denitrification efficiency also gradually decreased. When the reactor temperature was between 22 and 30°C, the total nitrogen removal load (NRR) of the two reactors was 4.38kg m -3 d -1 respectively and 4.78kg m -3 d -1 , when the temperature is lower than 22℃, the operating performance of the two reactors deteriorates significantly.
2)利用超声波辐射活化RU反应器中的厌氧氨氧化污泥2) Activation of ANAMMOX sludge in the R U reactor by ultrasonic radiation
①取出RU反应器中的全部厌氧氨氧化污泥，并收集于容积为1L的烧杯中；②将装有污泥的烧杯固定于超声仪中央；③控制水浴温度为32℃，超声强度为0.7w cm-2，超声时间为1.9min；④将经过超声波辐射的厌氧氨氧化污泥放回RU反应器；⑤维持原有条件不变，持续运行反应器；⑥间隔8d后重复上述①～⑤操作。①Take out all the anammox sludge in the R U reactor and collect it in a beaker with a volume of 1L; ②Fix the beaker containing the sludge in the center of the ultrasonic instrument; was 0.7w cm -2 , and the ultrasonic time was 1.9min; ④Put the anammox sludge irradiated by ultrasonic waves back into the R U reactor; ⑤Keep the original conditions unchanged, and continue to run the reactor; The above ①～⑤ operation.
3)RU和RC运行情况的对比分析3) Comparative analysis of the operation of R U and R C
图1为超声辐射对反应器运行效能及脱氮性能的影响，用总氮负荷(NLR)和NRR表示。图1中第8天开始对RU反应器中的厌氧氨氧化污泥进行第一次超声处理，RC反应器中的污泥不做处理。Figure 1 shows the effect of ultrasonic radiation on the operating efficiency and denitrification performance of the reactor, expressed in terms of total nitrogen load (NLR) and NRR. On the 8th day in Figure 1, the first ultrasonic treatment was performed on the anammox sludge in the R U reactor, and the sludge in the R C reactor was not treated.
从图中可以明显看出，RU组经超声处理后，具有更高的运行负荷，即更强的脱氮能力。以反应器内温度为15℃时为例，RU的NRR为5.49kg TN m-3d-1，而对照组的仅为1.53kg TN m-3d-1。It can be clearly seen from the figure that after ultrasonic treatment, the R U group has a higher operating load, that is, a stronger denitrification capacity. Taking the temperature in the reactor as 15℃ as an example, the NRR of R U is 5.49kg TN m -3 d -1 , while that of the control group is only 1.53kg TN m -3 d -1 .
试验也发现，在经过第一次超声波辐射后，RU反应器内污泥TTC-脱氢酶活性为0.58mg TF L-1H-1，远高于对照组的0.08mg TF L-1H-1，呈现出较高的生物活性。同时RU组VSS可达10.11g L-1，相比于接种时的8.20g L-1有较大提升。The test also found that after the first ultrasonic irradiation, the sludge TTC-dehydrogenase activity in the R U reactor was 0.58mg TF L -1 H -1 , much higher than the control group's 0.08mg TF L -1 H -1 , showing high biological activity. At the same time, the VSS of the R U group was up to 10.11g L -1 , which was greatly improved compared with 8.20g L -1 at the time of inoculation.
本说明书实施例所述内容仅仅是对发明构思的实现形式的列举，本发明的保护范围不应当被视为仅限于实施例所陈述的具体形式，本发明的保护范围也及于本领域技术人员根据本发明构思所能想到的等同技术手段。The content described in the embodiments of this specification is only an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention also reaches those skilled in the art. Equivalent technical means conceivable according to the concept of the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20141008 |