CN104084766B - The manufacturing process of wheel spoke - Google Patents
The manufacturing process of wheel spoke Download PDFInfo
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- CN104084766B CN104084766B CN201410298738.0A CN201410298738A CN104084766B CN 104084766 B CN104084766 B CN 104084766B CN 201410298738 A CN201410298738 A CN 201410298738A CN 104084766 B CN104084766 B CN 104084766B
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- frustoconical section
- shell portion
- angle
- bus
- rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/34—Making machine elements wheels; discs wheels with spokes
Abstract
The invention discloses the manufacturing process of wheel spoke, its technique is as follows: blanking → forging base is rolled over the processing of ring → normalizing → finish turning, be characterized in: (1) forging base rolling ring step is as follows: the base steel drift hole after first using upper punch and low punch to jumping-up, makes just base; Then use cylindric king roller, wheel rim core roller to the rolling of first base abnormity, make wheel spoke blank; (2) normalizing step is as follows: below wheel spoke blank air cooling to 300 DEG C; Then be warming up to 910 ± 10 DEG C to be not more than the speed of 110 DEG C/h; Be incubated again 1.3～1.8h; Then according to the thickness in wheel spoke blank thickness, extend temperature retention time 1h according to every 25mm and calculate the time that also needs insulation; Last air cooling; Its advantage is: manufacturing process of the present invention has adopted rational processing step and mold tooling, mechanical performance and the dimensional stability of wheel spoke blank are improved, reduce the difficulty of finish turning processing and the consumption of raw material, improved production efficiency, reduced production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing process of wheel spoke, belong to the ring processing and manufacturing field of rolling over of forging.
Background technology
Wheel spoke is the important component part of automotive wheel. At present, the production method of wheel spoke is: taking base steel as raw material, roll over ring through blanking, forging base, make wheel spoke blank, then, after heat treatment, finish turning processing, obtain wheel spoke; Forging base is wherein rolled over ring process and is conventionally divided into again two step operations, forges just blank process and rolles over ring operation with first base. The major defect that current production method exists is: it is not too reasonable that the first base of forging and just base are rolled over the production process of encircling, causing rolling over the poor and size of blank of the mechanical performance of the blank that makes of ring and the profile of the finished parts of wanting differs greatly, strengthen the difficulty of finish turning processing, consumption of raw materials is more, reduce production efficiency, increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of manufacturing process of wheel spoke is provided, can improves mechanical performance and the dimensional stability of wheel spoke blank, to reduce the difficulty of finish turning processing, enhance productivity.
Object of the present invention, will be achieved by the following technical programs: the manufacturing process of wheel spoke, and its processing step is as follows: blanking → forging base is rolled over the processing of ring → normalizing → finish turning, is characterized in:
(1) roll in ring process at forging base, be divided into and forge just base and two operations of just base rolling ring, forge first base step as follows: a. is first produced as follows frock: upper punch and low punch, upper punch is followed successively by shell portion from top to bottom, upper frustoconical section, in fall frustoconical section, lower shell portion is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the upper major diameter of frustoconical section equals the diameter of shell portion, in fall the minor diameter of frustoconical section and equal the diameter of lower shell portion, upper fall frustoconical section and in the tangent connection of circular arc that to fall between frustoconical section be 25～35mm by radius, radius is preferably 30mm, low punch is followed successively by from top to bottom frustoconical section, middle frustoconical section, lower frustoconical section and is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the major diameter of upper frustoconical section equals the minor diameter of middle frustoconical section, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 45～55mm by radius between middle frustoconical section and lower frustoconical section, radius is preferably 50mm, the diameter of the lower shell portion of upper punch equals the minor diameter of the upper frustoconical section of low punch, b. blanking gained base steel on hydraulic press, carry out jumping-up with 2800～3200 tons of pressure, c. on low punch and upper punch, smear respectively the lubricant that carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil mix with 1:1.5～1:2.5 ratio, d. on hydraulic press, with 2800～3200 tons of pressure with low punch blind hole under the base steel drift after to jumping-up, lower blind hole is coaxial with base steel, and then with 2800～3200 tons of pressure with upper punch to open-work on base steel drift, upper open-work and lower blind hole are coaxial and be communicated with, finally using chopping block with 2800～3200 tons of pressure, that base steel is carried out to upsetting is flat, makes just base, just base rolling ring step is as follows: first base is carried out to special-shaped rolling, make wheel spoke blank, first need to be produced as follows frock: cylindric king roller and wheel rim core roller, wheel rim core roller is followed successively by the first shell portion from top to bottom, upper second fall frustoconical section, the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section, middle shell portion, lower the 3rd frustoconical section, lower the second frustoconical section, lower the first shell portion is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the diameter of upper the first shell portion equals second and falls the major diameter of frustoconical section, the upper the 3rd falls the minor diameter of frustoconical section, the diameter of middle shell portion, the minor diameter of lower the 3rd frustoconical section all equates, the major diameter of lower the second frustoconical section equals the diameter of lower the first shell portion, the upper second tangent connection of circular arc that frustoconical section and the upper the 3rd is 25～35mm by radius between frustoconical section, radius is preferably 30mm, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 45～55mm by radius between lower the second frustoconical section and lower the 3rd frustoconical section, radius is preferably 50mm, the diameter of upper first shell portion of wheel rim core roller is less than the diameter of the lower shell portion of upper punch, the diameter of lower first shell portion of wheel rim core roller is less than the major diameter of the lower frustoconical section of low punch, then on machine for rolling ring, carry out special-shaped rolling, radial rolling power is 160～190 tons, and axial rolling force is 115～145 tons, by the external shape of cylindric king roller rolling wheel spoke blank, and its interior shape of wheel rim core rolling system, when abnormity rolling, the rotating speed of cylindric king roller is 26～32 revs/min, the point-to-point speed of wheel rim core roller is determined according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, point-to-point speed is 3～5mm/ second, at steady rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 5～8mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 1～3mm/ second, and in the full circle stage, point-to-point speed is 0, the rotating speed of upper and lower cone roller is 32～38 revs/min, the speed that presses down of epicone roller is also to determine according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, the speed of pressing down is 0.5～1.5mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, the speed of pressing down is 2～5mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence and full circle stage, and the speed that presses down is all 0,
(2) normalizing step is as follows: rolling over ring operation, below the wheel spoke blank air cooling to 300 making DEG C from forging base; Then with the speed that is not more than 110 DEG C/h, wheel spoke blank is warming up to 910 ± 10 DEG C; Be incubated again 1.3～1.8h; Then according to the thickness in wheel spoke blank thickness, extend temperature retention time 1h according to every 25mm and calculate the time that also needs insulation; Finally be placed in air cooling.
Further, the manufacturing process of aforesaid wheel spoke, wherein: in blanking procedure, taking the trade mark as 16Mn, the round steel of φ 600mm is raw material.
Further, the manufacturing process of aforesaid wheel spoke, wherein: the transition position falling between frustoconical section and lower shell portion in described upper punch is circular arc smooth transition; Transition position between upper frustoconical section and the middle frustoconical section of described low punch is circular arc smooth transition; The middle shell portion of described wheel rim core roller and the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section and and lower the 3rd frustoconical section between transition position be circular arc smooth transition.
Further, the manufacturing process of aforesaid wheel spoke, wherein: the bus of the upper frustoconical section of low punch and the angle of axis are 5～8 degree, be preferably 7 degree, the bus of middle frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 5～8 degree, be preferably 7 degree, the bus of lower frustoconical section and the angle of axis are 3～6 degree, are preferably 5 degree; Upper punch upper fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of axis be 3～6 degree, be preferably 5 degree, in to fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane be 5～8 to spend, be preferably 7 degree; It is 3～6 to spend that upper second of wheel rim core roller falls the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of axis, be preferably 5 degree, the upper the 3rd to fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane be 5～8 to spend, be preferably 7 degree, lower the 3rd bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 5～8 degree, be preferably 7 degree, the lower bus of the second frustoconical section and the angle of axis are 3～6 degree, are preferably 5 degree.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: worker artistic skill of the present invention improves mechanical performance and the dimensional stability of wheel spoke blank, reduces the difficulty of finish turning processing and the loss of raw material, has improved production efficiency, thereby has reduced production costs.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of upper punch.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of low punch.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of wheel rim core roller.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of first base.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation (cross section profile of its axis of mistake that in figure, dotted line is wheel spoke) of wheel spoke blank.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The manufacturing process of wheel spoke, its processing step is as follows: blanking → forging base is rolled over the processing of ring → normalizing → finish turning, is characterized in:
(1) in blanking procedure, taking the trade mark as ASME694F50, the round steel of φ 800mm is as raw material is in cutting machine loading and unloading;
(2) roll in ring process forging base, initial forging temperature is not more than 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is not less than 850 DEG C, the rate of heat addition be 125 DEG C/time, Forge Heating holding temperature is 1230 DEG C, forging ratio is 5, forge base rolling ring process and comprise that the first base of forging and just base rolling encircle two operations, forge first base step as follows: a. is first produced as follows frock: upper punch 1 and low punch 2, as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, upper punch 1 is followed successively by shell portion 11 from top to bottom, upper frustoconical section 12, in fall frustoconical section 13, lower shell portion 14 is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the upper major diameter of frustoconical section 12 equals the diameter of shell portion 11, in fall the minor diameter of frustoconical section 13 and equal the diameter of lower shell portion 14, upper fall frustoconical section 12 and in the tangent connection of circular arc that to fall between frustoconical section 13 be 25mm by radius, low punch 2 is followed successively by from top to bottom frustoconical section 21, middle frustoconical section 22, lower frustoconical section 23 and is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the major diameter of upper frustoconical section 21 equals the minor diameter of middle frustoconical section 22, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 45mm by radius between middle frustoconical section 22 and lower frustoconical section 23, the diameter of the lower shell portion 14 of upper punch 1 equals the minor diameter of the upper frustoconical section 21 of low punch 2, the outline of upper punch 1 and low punch 2 is corresponding with the inner side profile of wheel spoke blank, so use upper punch 1 and low punch 2 to blank punching, can play preformed effect, make wheel spoke blank interior annular boss be more prone to moulding, taper seat on upper punch 1 and low punch 2, is conducive to the carrying out of the demoulding after punching, b. blanking gained base steel on 3500 tons of hydraulic presses, carry out jumping-up with 3200 tons of pressure, c. on upper punch 1 and low punch 2, smear respectively the lubricant that carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil (Great Wall L-HG32 hydraulic guide rail oil) mix with 1:1.5 ratio, lubricant can make punching smooth, reduces the resistance of punching, makes its moulding abundant, d. as shown in Figure 4, on 3500 tons of hydraulic presses, use low punch 2 to blind hole 41 under the base steel drift after jumping-up with 3200 tons of pressure, lower blind hole 41 is coaxial with base steel, and then use upper punch 1 to open-work 42 on base steel drift with 2800 tons of pressure, the coaxial also connection of upper open-work 42 and lower blind hole 41, finally using chopping block with 2800 tons of pressure, that base steel is carried out to upsetting is flat, makes just base 4；Just base rolling ring step is as follows: first base 4 is carried out to special-shaped rolling, make wheel spoke blank 5 as shown in Figure 5, first need to be produced as follows frock: cylindric king roller and wheel rim core roller 3, as shown in Figure 3, wheel rim core roller 3 is followed successively by the first shell portion 31 from top to bottom, upper second fall frustoconical section 32, the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section 33, middle shell portion 34, lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331, lower the second frustoconical section 321, lower the first shell portion 311 is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the diameter of upper the first shell portion 31 equals second and falls the major diameter of frustoconical section 32, the upper the 3rd falls the minor diameter of frustoconical section 33, the diameter of middle shell portion 34, the minor diameter of lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 all equates, the major diameter of lower the second frustoconical section 321 equals the diameter of lower the first shell portion 311, the upper second tangent connection of circular arc that frustoconical section 32 and the upper the 3rd is 25mm by radius between frustoconical section 33, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 45mm by radius between lower the second frustoconical section 321 and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331, region of interest is beneficial to flowing of metal with tangent being connected with of circular arc, but the radius of circular arc can not be too small or excessive, radius is too small, can be unfavorable for the formation of blank inner annular boss, radius is excessive, can make the blank after moulding differ greatly with the profile of the part that will make, the diameter of upper first shell portion 31 of wheel rim core roller 3 is less than the diameter of the lower shell portion 14 of upper punch 1, the diameter of lower first shell portion 311 of wheel rim core roller 3 is less than the major diameter of the lower frustoconical section 23 of low punch 2, upper the first shell portion 31 on wheel rim core roller 3 and the diameter of lower the first shell portion 311 are restricted, and are in base 4, to roll over ring for wheel rim core roller 3 can be stretched into just, taper seat on wheel rim core roller 3, not only be conducive to roll over the carrying out of the rear demoulding of ring, also help flowing of metal, make to fill type more abundant, improve the dimensional accuracy of blank, wherein go up the 3rd taper seat that falls frustoconical section 33 and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 and also play location and the guide effect to wheel spoke blank inner annular boss, then on 4500mm machine for rolling ring, carry out special-shaped rolling, radial rolling power is 160 tons, and axial rolling force is 145 tons, by the external shape of cylindric king roller rolling wheel spoke blank 5, and its interior shape of wheel rim core roller 3 rollings, when abnormity rolling, the rotating speed of cylindric king roller is 26 revs/min, the point-to-point speed of wheel rim core roller 3 is determined according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, point-to-point speed is 5mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 8mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence, and point-to-point speed is 1mm/ second, and in the full circle stage, point-to-point speed is 0, the rotating speed of upper and lower cone roller is 32 revs/min, the speed that presses down of epicone roller is also to determine according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, the speed of pressing down is 0.7mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, the speed of pressing down is 3mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence and full circle stage, and the speed that presses down is all 0,
(2) normalizing step is as follows: rolling over ring operation, below wheel spoke blank 5 air coolings to 300 that make DEG C from forging base; Then with the speed that is not more than 110 DEG C/h, wheel spoke blank 5 is warming up to 900 DEG C; Be incubated again 1.3h; Then according to the thickness in wheel spoke blank thickness, extend temperature retention time 1h according to every 25mm and calculate the time that also needs insulation; Finally be placed in air cooling.
In the present embodiment, described upper punch 1 in the transition position that falls between frustoconical section 13 and lower shell portion 14 be circular arc smooth transition; Transition position between upper frustoconical section 21 and the middle frustoconical section 22 of described low punch 2 is circular arc smooth transition; The middle shell portion 34 of described wheel rim core roller 3 and the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section 33 and and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 between transition position be circular arc smooth transition; The transition position of region of interest is circular arc smooth transition, is conducive to flowing of metal, makes to fill shape more abundant, has improved the dimensional accuracy of blank. In the present embodiment, the bus of upper frustoconical section 21 of low punch 2 and the angle of axis are 5 degree, and the bus of middle frustoconical section 22 and the angle of horizontal plane are 5 degree, and the bus of lower frustoconical section 23 and the angle of axis are 6 degree; Upper punch 1 upper fall the bus of frustoconical section 12 and the angle of axis be 6 degree, in the bus of frustoconical section 13 and the angle of horizontal plane are 5 degree; It is 6 degree that upper second of wheel rim core roller 3 falls the bus of frustoconical section 32 and the angle of axis, the upper the 3rd to fall the bus of frustoconical section 33 and the angle of horizontal plane be 5 degree, lower the 3rd bus of frustoconical section 331 and the angle of horizontal plane are 5 degree, and lower second bus of frustoconical section 321 and the angle of axis are 6 degree; Angle to the taper seat on upper punch 1, low punch 2, wheel rim core roller 3 limits, be in order to prevent taper seat angle too small or excessive, angle too small, can be unfavorable for flowing of metal, angle is excessive, can make the blank after moulding differ greatly with the profile of the part that will make.
Embodiment 2
The manufacturing process of wheel spoke, its processing step is as follows: blanking → forging base is rolled over the processing of ring → normalizing → finish turning, is characterized in:
(1) in blanking procedure, taking the trade mark as 16Mn, the round steel of φ 600mm is as raw material is in cutting machine loading and unloading;
(2) roll in ring process forging base, initial forging temperature is not more than 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is not less than 850 DEG C, the rate of heat addition be 145 DEG C/time, Forge Heating holding temperature is 1250 DEG C, forging ratio is 6, forge base rolling ring process and comprise that the first base of forging and just base rolling encircle two operations, forge first base step as follows: a. is first produced as follows frock: upper punch 1 and low punch 2, as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, upper punch 1 is followed successively by shell portion 11 from top to bottom, upper frustoconical section 12, in fall frustoconical section 13, lower shell portion 14 is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the upper major diameter of frustoconical section 12 equals the diameter of shell portion 11, in fall the minor diameter of frustoconical section 13 and equal the diameter of lower shell portion 14, upper fall frustoconical section 12 and in the tangent connection of circular arc that to fall between frustoconical section 13 be 30mm by radius, low punch 2 is followed successively by from top to bottom frustoconical section 21, middle frustoconical section 22, lower frustoconical section 23 and is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the major diameter of upper frustoconical section 21 equals the minor diameter of middle frustoconical section 22, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 50mm by radius between middle frustoconical section 22 and lower frustoconical section 23, the diameter of the lower shell portion 14 of upper punch 1 equals the minor diameter of the upper frustoconical section 21 of low punch 2, the outline of upper punch 1 and low punch 2 is corresponding with the inner side profile of wheel spoke blank, so use upper punch 1 and low punch 2 to blank punching, can play preformed effect, make wheel spoke blank interior annular boss be more prone to moulding, taper seat on upper punch 1 and low punch 2, is conducive to the carrying out of the demoulding after punching, b. blanking gained base steel on 3500 tons of hydraulic presses, carry out jumping-up with 3000 tons of pressure, c. on upper punch 1 and low punch 2, smear respectively the lubricant that carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil (Haas is No. 68 rail oils too) mix with 1:2 ratio, lubricant can make punching smooth, reduces the resistance of punching, makes its moulding abundant, d. as shown in Figure 4, on 3500 tons of hydraulic presses, use low punch 2 to blind hole 41 under the base steel drift after jumping-up with 3000 tons of pressure, lower blind hole 41 is coaxial with base steel, and then use upper punch 1 to open-work 42 on base steel drift with 3000 tons of pressure, the coaxial also connection of upper open-work 42 and lower blind hole 41, finally using chopping block with 3000 tons of pressure, that base steel is carried out to upsetting is flat, makes just base 4；Just base rolling ring step is as follows: first base 4 is carried out to special-shaped rolling, make wheel spoke blank 5 as shown in Figure 5, first need to be produced as follows frock: cylindric king roller and wheel rim core roller 3, as shown in Figure 3, wheel rim core roller 3 is followed successively by the first shell portion 31 from top to bottom, upper second fall frustoconical section 32, the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section 33, middle shell portion 34, lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331, lower the second frustoconical section 321, lower the first shell portion 311 is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the diameter of upper the first shell portion 31 equals second and falls the major diameter of frustoconical section 32, the upper the 3rd falls the minor diameter of frustoconical section 33, the diameter of middle shell portion 34, the minor diameter of lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 all equates, the major diameter of lower the second frustoconical section 321 equals the diameter of lower the first shell portion 311, the upper second tangent connection of circular arc that frustoconical section 32 and the upper the 3rd is 30mm by radius between frustoconical section 33, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 50mm by radius between lower the second frustoconical section 321 and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331, region of interest is beneficial to flowing of metal with tangent being connected with of circular arc, but the radius of circular arc can not be too small or excessive, radius is too small, can be unfavorable for the formation of blank inner annular boss, radius is excessive, can make the blank after moulding differ greatly with the profile of the part that will make, the diameter of upper first shell portion 31 of wheel rim core roller 3 is less than the diameter of the lower shell portion 14 of upper punch 1, the diameter of lower first shell portion 311 of wheel rim core roller 3 is less than the major diameter of the lower frustoconical section 23 of low punch 2, upper the first shell portion 31 on wheel rim core roller 3 and the diameter of lower the first shell portion 311 are restricted, and are in base 4, to roll over ring for wheel rim core roller 3 can be stretched into just, taper seat on wheel rim core roller 3, not only be conducive to roll over the carrying out of the rear demoulding of ring, also help flowing of metal, make to fill type more abundant, improve the dimensional accuracy of blank, wherein go up the 3rd taper seat that falls frustoconical section 33 and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 and also play location and the guide effect to wheel spoke blank inner annular boss, then on 4500mm machine for rolling ring, carry out special-shaped rolling, radial rolling power is 175 tons, and axial rolling force is 130 tons, by the external shape of cylindric king roller rolling wheel spoke blank 5, and its interior shape of wheel rim core roller 3 rollings, when abnormity rolling, the rotating speed of cylindric king roller is 29 revs/min, the point-to-point speed of wheel rim core roller 3 is determined according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, point-to-point speed is 4mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 6.5mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence, and point-to-point speed is 2mm/ second, and in the full circle stage, point-to-point speed is 0, the rotating speed of upper and lower cone roller is 35 revs/min, the speed that presses down of epicone roller is also to determine according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, the speed of pressing down is 1mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, the speed of pressing down is 3.5mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence and full circle stage, and the speed that presses down is all 0,
(2) normalizing step is as follows: rolling over ring operation, below wheel spoke blank 5 air coolings to 300 that make DEG C from forging base; Then with the speed that is not more than 110 DEG C/h, wheel spoke blank 5 is warming up to 910 DEG C; Be incubated again 1.5h; Then according to the thickness in wheel spoke blank thickness, extend temperature retention time 1h according to every 25mm and calculate the time that also needs insulation; Finally be placed in air cooling.
In the present embodiment, described upper punch 1 in the transition position that falls between frustoconical section 13 and lower shell portion 14 be circular arc smooth transition; Transition position between upper frustoconical section 21 and the middle frustoconical section 22 of described low punch 2 is circular arc smooth transition; The middle shell portion 34 of described wheel rim core roller 3 and the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section 33 and and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 between transition position be circular arc smooth transition; The transition position of region of interest is circular arc smooth transition, is conducive to flowing of metal, makes to fill shape more abundant, has improved the dimensional accuracy of blank. In the present embodiment, the bus of upper frustoconical section 21 of low punch 2 and the angle of axis are 7 degree, and the bus of middle frustoconical section 22 and the angle of horizontal plane are 7 degree, and the bus of lower frustoconical section 23 and the angle of axis are 5 degree; Upper punch 1 upper fall the bus of frustoconical section 12 and the angle of axis be 5 degree, in the bus of frustoconical section 13 and the angle of horizontal plane are 7 degree; It is 5 degree that upper second of wheel rim core roller 3 falls the bus of frustoconical section 32 and the angle of axis, the upper the 3rd to fall the bus of frustoconical section 33 and the angle of horizontal plane be 7 degree, lower the 3rd bus of frustoconical section 331 and the angle of horizontal plane are 7 degree, and lower second bus of frustoconical section 321 and the angle of axis are 5 degree; Angle to the taper seat on upper punch 1, low punch 2, wheel rim core roller 3 limits, be in order to prevent taper seat angle too small or excessive, angle too small, can be unfavorable for flowing of metal, angle is excessive, can make the blank after moulding differ greatly with the profile of the part that will make.
Embodiment 3
The manufacturing process of wheel spoke, its processing step is as follows: blanking → forging base is rolled over the processing of ring → normalizing → finish turning, is characterized in:
(1) in blanking procedure, taking the trade mark as 45#, the round steel of φ 500mm is as raw material is in cutting machine loading and unloading;
(2) roll in ring process forging base, initial forging temperature is not more than 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is not less than 850 DEG C, the rate of heat addition be 165 DEG C/time, Forge Heating holding temperature is 1270 DEG C, forging ratio is 7, forge base rolling ring process and comprise that the first base of forging and just base rolling encircle two operations, forge first base step as follows: a. is first produced as follows frock: upper punch 1 and low punch 2, as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, upper punch 1 is followed successively by shell portion 11 from top to bottom, upper frustoconical section 12, in fall frustoconical section 13, lower shell portion 14 is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the upper major diameter of frustoconical section 12 equals the diameter of shell portion 11, in fall the minor diameter of frustoconical section 13 and equal the diameter of lower shell portion 14, upper fall frustoconical section 12 and in the tangent connection of circular arc that to fall between frustoconical section 13 be 35mm by radius, low punch 2 is followed successively by from top to bottom frustoconical section 21, middle frustoconical section 22, lower frustoconical section 23 and is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the major diameter of upper frustoconical section 21 equals the minor diameter of middle frustoconical section 22, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 55mm by radius between middle frustoconical section 22 and lower frustoconical section 23, the diameter of the lower shell portion 14 of upper punch 1 equals the minor diameter of the upper frustoconical section 21 of low punch 2, the outline of upper punch 1 and low punch 2 is corresponding with the inner side profile of wheel spoke blank, so use upper punch 1 and low punch 2 to blank punching, can play preformed effect, make wheel spoke blank interior annular boss be more prone to moulding, taper seat on upper punch 1 and low punch 2, is conducive to the carrying out of the demoulding after punching, b. blanking gained base steel on 3500 tons of hydraulic presses, carry out jumping-up with 2800 tons of pressure, c. on upper punch 1 and low punch 2, smear respectively the lubricant that carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil (Mobil Weida guide track series oil) mix with 1:2.5 ratio, lubricant can make punching smooth, reduces the resistance of punching, makes its moulding abundant, d. as shown in Figure 4, on 3500 tons of hydraulic presses, use low punch 2 to blind hole 41 under the base steel drift after jumping-up with 2800 tons of pressure, lower blind hole 41 is coaxial with base steel, and then use upper punch 1 to open-work 42 on base steel drift with 3200 tons of pressure, the coaxial also connection of upper open-work 42 and lower blind hole 41, finally using chopping block with 3200 tons of pressure, that base steel is carried out to upsetting is flat, makes just base 4；Just base rolling ring step is as follows: first base 4 is carried out to special-shaped rolling, make wheel spoke blank 5 as shown in Figure 5, first need to be produced as follows frock: cylindric king roller and wheel rim core roller 3, as shown in Figure 3, wheel rim core roller 3 is followed successively by the first shell portion 31 from top to bottom, upper second fall frustoconical section 32, the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section 33, middle shell portion 34, lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331, lower the second frustoconical section 321, lower the first shell portion 311 is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the diameter of upper the first shell portion 31 equals second and falls the major diameter of frustoconical section 32, the upper the 3rd falls the minor diameter of frustoconical section 33, the diameter of middle shell portion 34, the minor diameter of lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 all equates, the major diameter of lower the second frustoconical section 321 equals the diameter of lower the first shell portion 311, the upper second tangent connection of circular arc that frustoconical section 32 and the upper the 3rd is 35mm by radius between frustoconical section 33, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 55mm by radius between lower the second frustoconical section 321 and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331, region of interest is beneficial to flowing of metal with tangent being connected with of circular arc, but the radius of circular arc can not be too small or excessive, radius is too small, can be unfavorable for the formation of blank inner annular boss, radius is excessive, can make the blank after moulding differ greatly with the profile of the part that will make, the diameter of upper first shell portion 31 of wheel rim core roller 3 is less than the diameter of the lower shell portion 14 of upper punch 1, the diameter of lower first shell portion 311 of wheel rim core roller 3 is less than the major diameter of the lower frustoconical section 23 of low punch 2, upper the first shell portion 31 on wheel rim core roller 3 and the diameter of lower the first shell portion 311 are restricted, and are in base 4, to roll over ring for wheel rim core roller 3 can be stretched into just, taper seat on wheel rim core roller 3, not only be conducive to roll over the carrying out of the rear demoulding of ring, also help flowing of metal, make to fill type more abundant, improve the dimensional accuracy of blank, wherein go up the 3rd taper seat that falls frustoconical section 33 and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 and also play location and the guide effect to wheel spoke blank inner annular boss, then on 4500mm machine for rolling ring, carry out special-shaped rolling, radial rolling power is 190 tons, and axial rolling force is 115 tons, by the external shape of cylindric king roller rolling wheel spoke blank 5, and its interior shape of wheel rim core roller 3 rollings, when abnormity rolling, the rotating speed of cylindric king roller is 32 revs/min, the point-to-point speed of wheel rim core roller 3 is determined according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, point-to-point speed is 3mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 5mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence, and point-to-point speed is 3mm/ second, and in the full circle stage, point-to-point speed is 0, the rotating speed of upper and lower cone roller is 38 revs/min, the speed that presses down of epicone roller is also to determine according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, the speed of pressing down is 1.5mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, the speed of pressing down is 5mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence and full circle stage, and the speed that presses down is all 0,
(2) normalizing step is as follows: rolling over ring operation, below wheel spoke blank 5 air coolings to 300 that make DEG C from forging base; Then with the speed that is not more than 110 DEG C/h, wheel spoke blank 5 is warming up to 920 DEG C; Be incubated again 1.8h; Then according to the thickness in wheel spoke blank thickness, extend temperature retention time 1h according to every 25mm and calculate the time that also needs insulation; Finally be placed in air cooling.
In the present embodiment, described upper punch 1 in the transition position that falls between frustoconical section 13 and lower shell portion 14 be circular arc smooth transition; Transition position between upper frustoconical section 21 and the middle frustoconical section 22 of described low punch 2 is circular arc smooth transition; The middle shell portion 34 of described wheel rim core roller 3 and the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section 33 and and lower the 3rd frustoconical section 331 between transition position be circular arc smooth transition; The transition position of region of interest is circular arc smooth transition, is conducive to flowing of metal, makes to fill shape more abundant, has improved the dimensional accuracy of blank. In the present embodiment, the bus of upper frustoconical section 21 of low punch 2 and the angle of axis are 8 degree, and the bus of middle frustoconical section 22 and the angle of horizontal plane are 8 degree, and the bus of lower frustoconical section 23 and the angle of axis are 3 degree; Upper punch 1 upper fall the bus of frustoconical section 12 and the angle of axis be 3 degree, in the bus of frustoconical section 13 and the angle of horizontal plane are 8 degree; It is 3 degree that upper second of wheel rim core roller 3 falls the bus of frustoconical section 32 and the angle of axis, the upper the 3rd to fall the bus of frustoconical section 33 and the angle of horizontal plane be 8 degree, lower the 3rd bus of frustoconical section 331 and the angle of horizontal plane are 8 degree, and lower second bus of frustoconical section 321 and the angle of axis are 3 degree; Angle to the taper seat on upper punch 1, low punch 2, wheel rim core roller 3 limits, be in order to prevent taper seat angle too small or excessive, angle too small, can be unfavorable for flowing of metal, angle is excessive, can make the blank after moulding differ greatly with the profile of the part that will make.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: manufacturing process of the present invention has adopted rational processing step and mold tooling, mechanical performance and the dimensional stability of trapezoidal grooved ring shape part blank in having improved, the difficulty of finish turning processing and the consumption of raw material are reduced, improve production efficiency, reduced production cost.
Claims (6)
1. the manufacturing process of wheel spoke, its processing step is as follows: blanking → forging base is rolled over the processing of ring → normalizing → finish turning, it is characterized in that:
(1) roll in ring process at forging base, be divided into and forge just base and two operations of just base rolling ring, forge first base step as follows: a. is first produced as follows frock: upper punch and low punch, upper punch is followed successively by shell portion from top to bottom, upper frustoconical section, in fall frustoconical section, lower shell portion is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the upper major diameter of frustoconical section equals the diameter of shell portion, in fall the minor diameter of frustoconical section and equal the diameter of lower shell portion, upper fall frustoconical section and in the tangent connection of circular arc that to fall between frustoconical section be 25～35mm by radius, low punch is followed successively by from top to bottom frustoconical section, middle frustoconical section, lower frustoconical section and is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the major diameter of upper frustoconical section equals the minor diameter of middle frustoconical section, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 45～55mm by radius between middle frustoconical section and lower frustoconical section, the diameter of the lower shell portion of upper punch equals the minor diameter of the upper frustoconical section of low punch, b. blanking gained base steel on hydraulic press, carry out jumping-up with 2800～3200 tons of pressure, c. on low punch and upper punch, smear respectively the lubricant that carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil mix with 1:1.5～1:2.5 ratio, d. on hydraulic press, with 2800～3200 tons of pressure with low punch blind hole under the base steel drift after to jumping-up, lower blind hole is coaxial with base steel, and then with 2800～3200 tons of pressure with upper punch to open-work on base steel drift, upper open-work and lower blind hole are coaxial and be communicated with, finally using chopping block with 2800～3200 tons of pressure, that base steel is carried out to upsetting is flat, makes just base, just base rolling ring step is as follows: first base is carried out to special-shaped rolling, make wheel spoke blank, first need to be produced as follows frock: cylindric king roller and wheel rim core roller, wheel rim core roller is followed successively by the first shell portion from top to bottom, upper second fall frustoconical section, the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section, middle shell portion, lower the 3rd frustoconical section, lower the second frustoconical section, lower the first shell portion is coaxially arranged to an entirety, the diameter of upper the first shell portion equals second and falls the major diameter of frustoconical section, the upper the 3rd falls the minor diameter of frustoconical section, the diameter of middle shell portion, the minor diameter of lower the 3rd frustoconical section all equates, the major diameter of lower the second frustoconical section equals the diameter of lower the first shell portion, the upper second tangent connection of circular arc that frustoconical section and the upper the 3rd is 25～35mm by radius between frustoconical section, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 45～55mm by radius between lower the second frustoconical section and lower the 3rd frustoconical section, the diameter of upper first shell portion of wheel rim core roller is less than the diameter of the lower shell portion of upper punch, the diameter of lower first shell portion of wheel rim core roller is less than the major diameter of the lower frustoconical section of low punch, then on machine for rolling ring, carry out special-shaped rolling, radial rolling power is 160～190 tons, and axial rolling force is 115～145 tons, by the external shape of cylindric king roller rolling wheel spoke blank, and its interior shape of wheel rim core rolling system, when abnormity rolling, the rotating speed of cylindric king roller is 26～32 revs/min, the point-to-point speed of wheel rim core roller is determined according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, point-to-point speed is 3～5mm/ second, at steady rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 5～8mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence, point-to-point speed is 1～3mm/ second, and in the full circle stage, point-to-point speed is 0, the rotating speed of upper and lower cone roller is 32～38 revs/min, the speed that presses down of epicone roller is also to determine according to formative stage, that is:, at bite stage, the speed of pressing down is 0.5～1.5mm/ second, and at steady rolling sequence, the speed of pressing down is 2～5mm/ second, is finishing rolling sequence and full circle stage, and the speed that presses down is all 0,
(2) normalizing step is as follows: rolling over ring operation, below the wheel spoke blank air cooling to 300 making DEG C from forging base; Then with the speed that is not more than 110 DEG C/h, wheel spoke blank is warming up to 910 ± 10 DEG C; Be incubated again 1.3～1.8h; Then according to the thickness in wheel spoke blank thickness, extend temperature retention time 1h according to every 25mm and calculate the time that also needs insulation; Finally be placed in air cooling.
2. the manufacturing process of wheel spoke according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in blanking procedure, taking the trade mark as 16Mn, the round steel of φ 600mm is raw material.
3. the manufacturing process of wheel spoke according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the transition position falling between frustoconical section and lower shell portion in described upper punch is circular arc smooth transition; Transition position between upper frustoconical section and the middle frustoconical section of described low punch is circular arc smooth transition; The middle shell portion of described wheel rim core roller and the upper the 3rd fall frustoconical section and and lower the 3rd frustoconical section between transition position be circular arc smooth transition.
4. according to the manufacturing process of the wheel spoke described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the bus of the upper frustoconical section of low punch and the angle of axis are 5～8 degree, the bus of middle frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 5～8 degree, and the bus of lower frustoconical section and the angle of axis are 3～6 degree; Upper punch upper fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of axis be 3～6 degree, in to fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane be 5～8 to spend; It is 3～6 to spend that upper second of wheel rim core roller falls the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of axis, the upper the 3rd to fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane be 5～8 to spend, lower the 3rd bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 5～8 degree, and the lower bus of the second frustoconical section and the angle of axis are 3～6 degree.
5. the manufacturing process of wheel spoke according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the bus of the upper frustoconical section of low punch and the angle of axis are 7 degree, the bus of middle frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 7 degree, and the bus of lower frustoconical section and the angle of axis are 5 degree; Upper punch upper fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of axis be 5 degree, in the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 7 degree; It is 5 degree that upper second of wheel rim core roller falls the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of axis, the upper the 3rd to fall the bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane be 7 degree, lower the 3rd bus of frustoconical section and the angle of horizontal plane are 7 degree, and the lower bus of the second frustoconical section and the angle of axis are 5 degree.
6. according to the manufacturing process of the wheel spoke described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: upper punch upper fall frustoconical section and in fall between frustoconical section the tangent connection of circular arc that is 30mm by radius; The tangent connection of circular arc that is 50mm by radius between the middle frustoconical section of low punch and lower frustoconical section; Upper second of wheel rim core roller falls tangent connection of circular arc that frustoconical section and the upper the 3rd is 30mm by radius between frustoconical section, the tangent connection of circular arc that is 50mm by radius between lower the second frustoconical section and lower the 3rd frustoconical section.
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| CN101913058B (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2011-08-10 | 莫亚夫 | Blank-making rolling method for synchronous sliding sleeve of automotive transmission |
| CN102248375A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-23 | 江西华伍制动器股份有限公司 | Pulley wheel manufacturing process |
| CN102601587B (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2014-04-30 | 河池学院 | Manufacturing process of aluminum alloy rim of large vehicle |
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Address after: 215626 Huashan Road, Hexing, Jinfeng Town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Zhangjiagang Zhonghuan Sea and Land High-end Equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 215626 Huashan Road, Hexing, Jinfeng Town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: ZHANGJIAGANG HAILU ANNULAR FORGING CO., LTD. |
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