The titanium alloy welding low-cost titanium alloy welding wire that a kind of corrosion resistance is strong
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium-base alloy technical field, weld with low particularly to a kind of alpha titanium alloy being applicable to high corrosive environment
Cost titanium alloy welding wire.
Background technology
The increase day by day of China's Coastal Areas fresh water demand, China's marine resources cooperation utilizes cry to raise, with multistage flash evaporation is
The Development and Production of the large distillation sea water desalinating unit (including MSF, ME, VC) of tap will become an emerging product of China
Industry.In addition China has very long seashore and abundant cheap seawater resources, China in sea wants benefit to be one period from now on
A new growth engines, titanium or titanium alloy application market in desalinization has a extensive future.
In desalinization production method, applying most is multistage flash vaporization, and the equipment of the method is mainly by heating of seawater, warm
The part such as recoverer condenser, heat output section condenser, vent condenser and jet compressor is constituted, and heat exchange position employs
Substantial amounts of heat-transfer pipe, former copper alloy tube, owing to copper alloy is the most corrosion-resistant, the most replaced by titanium pipe.Titanium is mainly used in
Heat pipe in sea water desalting equipment.Along with the Middle East and Asia electric power and the developing in desalinization market, the demand of thin-wall titanium welding pipe
Amount also will be gradually increased, and corresponding titanium alloy wlding is consequently increased, but obtain after current corrosion-resistant class titanium alloy wlding welding
Weld seam occur crevice corrosion probability the highest in high temperature corrosion medium, to solve this problem, research and development corrosion-and high-temp-resistant is good
Wlding be the key breakthrough points.
The material that additionally heat exchanger, heat exchanger industry plate are commonly used mainly is also adopted by titanium or titanium alloy material, and titanium is desalinization
The preferred material of equipment heat exchanger, the plate type heat exchanger of titanium plate manufacture has many advantages, commercially has the strongest competitiveness, main
The heat-exchange systems such as chemical industry to be used for, oil, naval vessel, desalinization, are also progressively increasing the titanium-based wlding demand of highly corrosion resistant
Add.
Titanium, for most of salting liquids, has the corrosion resistance of excellence.To heat sodium chlorite and various concentration hypochlorite also
There is good stability;Most aqueous slkali is had good corrosion resistance, especially contains chlorion and muriatic alkali is molten
Liquid;In moist chlorine and the most stable in the medium such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and chloride of saturated chlorine;At hydrocarbon
In corrosion resistance also fine, therefore titanium base material is widely used in vacuum salt production and bleaching powder refining industry;Chlor-alkali industry;Sulfuric acid process titanium
White powder chemical production equipment;Organise industry etc..Under these superpower corrosive environments, weld metal and welding heat affected zone are special
First corrosion occurs, so solving the weld corrosion under high corrosive environment of the titanium alloy wlding is that titanium alloy material is at these row
One of key factor of further genralrlization in industry.
Under these high corrosive environments, common corrosion-resistant titanium-based gold alloy solder material, by the weld seam obtained after welding, often occurs
Decay resistance declines, crevice corrosion is obvious.In narrow gap or in block section, titanium oxide film self-healing reaction consumes due to oxygen
To the greatest extent, oxygen diffusion in seam is prevented and chlorion concentrates and forms acid, corrodes and will drastically carry out on titanium unsalted surface.After welding
Gapping and be on the one hand because in the welding process of titanium or titanium alloy, the pore of joint is a kind of major defect.The opposing party
Face titanium is a kind of active metal, and under the hot conditions of welding process, titanium and oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen reaction speed are very fast, and product
The finest and close.Titanium forms interstitial solid solution compound after absorbing oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, makes welding point plasticity and toughness reduce, causes
Pad is brittle.If weld seam hydrogen content too much be hydrogen-sucking amount more than 0.015% time, arise that fine platy or needle-like precipitate
TiH2, because TiH2Specific volume relatively α-Ti matrix the biggest 20%, easily produces the biggest transformation stress, causes TiH2And TiH2/α-Ti
The formation of micro-crack on interface, thus create condition to crevice corrosion, also make weld impingement hydraulic performance decline simultaneously.During welding by
Hydrogen in molten bath and low-temperature space mother metal spreads to heat affected area, causes heat affected area hydrogen content to increase, if this position is in
Disadvantageous stress state, will cause micro-crack.Although in order to avoid the generation of this type of situation can select to use the resistance to of some routines
Corrosion titanium alloy wlding uses, the possibility of the pure titanium material generation crevice corrosion that these common corrosion-resistant wldings are more general
Much smaller.But once there is crevice corrosion, due to Pd and Ti of surface deposition2Ni is promotion cathode reaction and makes liberation of hydrogen and ooze hydrogen
Accelerating, the facilitation of hydrogen embrittlement makes the speed of corrosion failure faster.So needing under high-temperature corrosion environment or strong corrosive environment
Develop more anti-corrosion welding material and ensure the quality of weld seam.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: provide a kind of titanium alloy being applicable under high-temperature corrosion environment and strong corrosive environment
Welding material, it is strong that the weld metal using this kind of welding material welding alpha titanium alloy to obtain has corrosion resistance, heat-resist, special
It not that there is preferable anti-crevice corrosion behavior.
The composition of the titanium alloy welding wire that the present invention provides, be in percentage by weight, Ni:0.25%~0.80%;Co:0%~
0.35%;Cr:0.10%~0.20%;Pd:0%~0.06%;Ru:0.02%~0.06%, above-mentioned five kinds of alloying element weight
Percentage sum is 0.50%~1.20%, and surplus is Ti and impurity element,
As preferably: the composition of titanium alloy welding wire, it is in percentage by weight, Ni:0.25%~0.50%;Co:0.15%~
0.35%;Cr:0.10%~0.20%;Pd:0.01%~0.06%;Ru:0.02%~0.06%;Meet simultaneously Ni, Pd,
Ru tri-element weight percent sum is Co, Cr two 1.0~1.2 times of element weight percent sum, and surplus is Ti and impurity
Element, the titanium alloy welding wire of this composition is applicable to ocean platform, in the fields such as offshore oil drilling platform, desalinization equipment;
As preferably: the composition of titanium alloy welding wire, it is in percentage by weight, Ni:0.40%~0.80%;Cr:0.10%~
0.20%;Pd:0.0%~0.06%;Ru:0.02%~0.06%;Meet Ni element weight percent is Pd, Ru two simultaneously
10~16 times of element weight percent sum, surplus is Ti and impurity element, and the titanium alloy welding wire of this composition is applicable to organic
Chemical industry and chemical equipment, such as PTA, PVA, the field such as vacuum salt production, chlor-alkali industry.
The titanium alloy welding wire of mentioned component can be processed into applicable multiple welding requirements and the TIG silk of welding procedure or MIG silk, obtains
The welding point that corrosion resistance is good.
The innovative point of this invention is by optimizing corrosion-resistant element and the proportioning of heat-resisting element, obtain high-temperature corrosion resistance performance more preferably and
The more preferable weld metal of anti-crevice corrosion behavior.Control total amount and the ratio of alloying element, on the one hand ensure that the cost of product is excellent
Gesture, has also taken into account raising solderability index simultaneously.
Conventional erosion resistant titanium alloy wlding uses a kind of element or two kinds of elements to carry out one heavily under the anti-crevice corrosion of measure or overlay
Corrosion, and this invention wlding uses the corrosion under the anti-crevice corrosion of triple measures or overlay, the first is by making full use of at a low price
Anticorrosion elemental nickel, change gap and the underlying material of chemical property of surface deposited metal layer and Ti by nickel ion2Ni precipitates
Improve cathodic process to reach to purify, thus improve anti-crevice corrosion behavior;Its two by add lower relative to palladium cost
Ruthenium element, ruthenium can make a small amount of ruthenium that synergistic effect to occur mutually with nickel with preferential isolation nickel phase, compared with ruthenium itself as anticorrosive
Composition, has more effectively protection to wlding, substantially increases the performance of corrosion under anti-crevice corrosion or overlay;It three is
Increase a small amount of palladium element to improve the corrosion resisting property under high-strength etching condition.
In order to ensure that decay resistance under high temperature is stable, be especially added with appropriate high temperature resistant and stable element, including Cr and
Co, the most appropriate chromium can improve intensity and the quenching degree improving weld seam in the case of not reducing plasticity, and a small amount of Co
The resistance to elevated temperatures of weld seam can be improved and there is certain anti-wear performance, adding a certain amount of Co and can obtain low-expansion coefficient
Weld seam, it is to avoid weld metal increases the probability of crevice corrosion owing to expanding with heat and contract with cold.
Detailed description of the invention
Wlding preparation section of the present invention is: hot rolling → wire drawing process → vacuum is forged → annealed in dispensing mixing → melting ingot casting → cogging
Dehydrogenation → finished product wlding
Dispensing mix: choose associated alloys element and carry out proportioning, Ni, Co, Cr with simple metal, Ru with compound (RuO4)、
Pd with 0 sponge state add raw material, raw material use titanium sponge, the mixture obtained after carrying out batch mixing,
Melting ingot casting: mixture is put into vacuum, and (vacuum is 0.8 × 10-2Pa) melting 3 times in consumable electroarc furnace, are closed
Gold ingot casting,
Cogging is forged: ingot casting carries out cogging forging after excising cap mouth, removing shrinkage cavity, car epidermis 3~6mm, is being heated to
Forge at a temperature of 1300 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, carry out flat-die forging after insulation and obtain Φ 7.5mm bar, flat-die forging heating-up temperature
960 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, temperature retention time: 50~60min,
Annealing hot rolling: above-mentioned bar is first made annealing treatment, annealing temperature and temperature retention time respectively: 860 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 30~
40min, air cooling, then carry out 10 one tandem rollings on heat bundle machine, obtain Φ 5.5mm wire rod,
Wire drawing processes: uses twice rough company to draw and connects daraf(reciprocal of farad) with a finish draw, and twice rough even pulling is not
Φ 5.5mm → Φ 3.8mm, Φ 3.8mm → Φ 2.4mm, finish draw even draws as Φ 2.4mm → Φ 1.4mm, anneals in centre
Process 750 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 20min, cool down with stove, if produce is vertical bar TIG welding wire, then, after twice rough company draws, carry out
Chopping, then pickling processes and drying;If produce be dish dress MIG welding wire time, then need online pickling and surface finish after finish draw
Process,
Vacuum dehydrogenation: welding wire is carried out vacuum dehydrogenation process, treatment temperature and temperature retention time and is respectively as follows: 780 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 180min,
Finished product wlding is obtained after cooling down with stove.
Six embodiments and three comparative examples are listed below, and wherein embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are according to claim
2 three embodiments being applicable to ocean platform;Embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 are to be applicable to according to claim 3 to have
Machine chemical industry and three embodiments of chemical equipment;Comparative example 1 is the corrosion-resistant wlding of titanium alloy containing cobalt palladium microalloy;Comparative example 2
It it is the corrosion-resistant wlding of titanium alloy of nickeliferous palladium ruthenium microalloy;Comparative example 3 is containing pure titanium wlding;In detail chemical composition is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
The gage of wire of the present invention can according to welding design and need between Φ 0.8mm~Φ 5.0mm, use welding parameter can
Reference table 2:
Table 2
Welding method |
TIG |
MIG |
Gage of wire Φ (mm) |
2.0~5.0 |
1.5 |
Protective gas |
99.99%Ar |
99.99%Ar |
Gas stops flow (L/min) |
Main jet 11~15 drags cover 25~30 |
45 |
Tungsten electrode diameter of phi (mm) |
3.0 |
- |
Welding current (A) |
80~120 |
260 |
Arc voltage (V) |
10~12 |
25 |
Speed of welding (mm/min) |
250~300 |
360 |
Wire feed rate (mm/min) |
550~750 |
800 |
Several embodiments of table 1 chemical composition and comparative example, the welding parameter recommended according to table 2, select Φ 1.6mm welding wire to use
MIG soldering method carries out built-up welding, and welded blank selects the TA7 hot rolled plate of 2.0mm thickness.9 welding blocks of each example built-up welding,
Amount to 81 welding blocks of built-up welding.The welding block Assurance of Size minimum size that welding obtains is: 20mm 65mm 25mm.Then from
The machining test block of welding block top, test block dimensional requirement: 13mm 50mm 6.4mm, test block processing request: test block 13mm
Be parallel to welding block 20mm while, test block 50mm side is parallel to welding block 65mm.
Test by the requirement of GB10124-88 " Uniform Corrosion Method of Laboratory Immersion Test method ".First wipe with acetone
Wash specimen surface to go to degrease, weigh with assay balance.Three kinds of tests are taked respectively according to test(ing) medium.Refer to table 3:
Table 3
Project |
Test one |
Test two |
Test three |
Test(ing) medium |
Natural sea-water |
NaOH |
Hydrochloric acid |
Mass of medium concentration |
Salinity content 3.168% |
50% |
20% |
Test temperature |
Boiling |
Room temperature |
Room temperature |
Test period |
720h |
720h |
168h |
Solution is changed |
Within 7 days, change 1 time |
Within 7 days, change 1 time |
It is changed without |
Titanium alloy material corrosion experiment data mm/ in solution medium, refer to table 4:
Table 4
Embodiment |
Seawater |
50% NaOH |
20% hydrochloric acid |
Embodiment 1 |
0.00011 |
0.00072 |
0.075 |
Embodiment 2 |
0.00016 |
0.00075 |
0.087 |
Embodiment 3 |
0.00016 |
0.00083 |
0.095 |
Embodiment 4 |
0.00035 |
0.00035 |
0.083 |
Embodiment 5 |
0.00032 |
0.00047 |
0.082 |
Embodiment 6 |
0.00031 |
0.00032 |
0.079 |
Comparative example 1 |
0.00062 |
0.00152 |
0.342 |
Comparative example 2 |
0.00103 |
0.00078 |
0.232 |
Comparative example 3 |
0.00295 |
0.01280 |
1.285 |
It is analyzed from above example and comparative example, 6 embodiments and 3 contrasts in the Seawater of boiling high temperature
The corrosion rate of example, all at below 0.127mm/, reaches excellent anti-corrosion grade, but by contrast, front 3 ocean platforms welds
The corrosion rate of material is first group of data, and its mean value is 0.000143mm/;Latter 3 are applicable to chemical equipment wlding
Corrosion rate is second group of data, and its mean value is 0.000327mm/;Comparative example 1, comparative example 2, the corrosion of comparative example 3
Speed is 4.3 times of first group of data, 7.2 times, 20.6 times respectively.It it is 1.9 times of second group of data, 3.1 times, 9.0 times.
So experiment proves in the Seawater of high temperature, its high-temperature corrosion resistance performance of titanium alloy wlding classification that first group of data represent is
Good, it is best suited for ocean platform and ocean engineering field.The high-temperature corrosion resistance performance of the titanium alloy wlding of second group of data representative is also
It is substantially better than common corrosion-resistant wlding and pure titanium wlding.
In the sodium hydroxide medium of room temperature 50% corrosion rate of 6 embodiments and 3 comparative examples all 0.127mm/ with
Under, reach excellent anti-corrosion grade, but by contrast, the corrosion rate of front 3 ocean platform wldings is first group of data, its
Mean value is 0.000767mm/;Rear 3 corrosion rates being applicable to chemical equipment wlding are second group of data, and it is average
Value is 0.000380mm/;Comparative example 1, comparative example 2, the corrosion rate of comparative example 3 be 2.0 times of first group of data respectively,
1.0 times, 16.7 times.It it is 4.0 times of second group of data, 2.1 times, 33.7 times.So experiment proves the NaOH 50%
In medium, titanium alloy its decay resistance of wlding classification of second group of data representative is best, is best suited for the chemical equipment of meta-alkalescence
On.The titanium alloy wlding that first group of data represent in alkaline medium decay resistance also superior to common corrosion-resistant wlding and pure titanium
Wlding.
In the hydrochloric acid medium of room temperature 20%, the corrosion rate of 6 embodiments is all at below 0.127mm/, reaches excellent anti-corrosion etc.
Level, the corrosion rate of front 2 comparative examples, all between 0.127mm/ to 1.27mm/ year, only reaches good medium anti-corrosion grade,
And last comparative example 3 corrosion rate has exceeded 1.27mm/, for the group such as the most corrosion-resistant.Embodiment and comparative example are compared
Relatively, the corrosion rate of front 3 ocean platform wldings is first group of data, and its mean value is 0.0857mm/;Fit for latter 3
Corrosion rate for chemical equipment wlding is second group of data, and its mean value is 0.0813mm/;These two groups of data compare
Close.And the corrosion rate of comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 be 4.0 times of first group of data respectively, 2.7 times, 15.0
Times.It it is 4.2 times of second group of data, 2.9 times, 15.8 times.So experiment proves in the hydrochloric acid medium of 20%, 6 enforcements
Titanium alloy wlding its decay resistance in the acid medium of chloride ion-containing that example represents is better than common corrosion-resistant wlding and the weldering of pure titanium
Material.
Comparative example 4:
Except the Ru element in the composition by the titanium alloy welding wire of embodiment 1, also with Pd element substitution (alloy composition is shown in Table 5),
Remaining component, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure, detection operation same as in Example 1, testing result is such as
Shown in table 6.
Comparative example 5
Except the Ru element in the composition by the titanium alloy welding wire of embodiment 6, also with Pd element substitution (alloy composition is shown in Table 5),
Remaining component, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure, detection operation same as in Example 6, testing result is such as
Shown in table 6.
Data from comparative example 4,5 compare with embodiment 1,6, it can be seen that without Ru element, just cannot
Realize the isolation to nickel phase well, have impact on the corrosion resistance of wlding.
Comparative example 6
Except the Cr element in the composition by the titanium alloy welding wire of embodiment 2, with Al element substitution (alloy composition is shown in Table 5),
Remaining component, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure, detection operation same as in Example 2, testing result is such as
Shown in table 6.
Comparative example 7
Except the Cr element in the composition by the titanium alloy welding wire of embodiment 5, with Al element substitution (alloy composition is shown in Table 5),
Remaining component, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure, detection operation same as in Example 5, testing result is such as
Shown in table 6.
Data from comparative example 6,7 compare with embodiment 2,5, it can be seen that use other elements to replace Cr element,
Butt welded seam intensity can have a negative impact, thus have impact on corrosion resistance.
Comparative example 8
By in the composition of the titanium alloy welding wire of embodiment 2, the double (alloy of content of each alloy (Ni, Co, Cr, Ru, Pd)
Composition is shown in Table 5), remaining component, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure, detection operation same as in Example 2,
Testing result is as shown in table 6.
Comparative example 9
By in the composition of the titanium alloy welding wire of embodiment 3, the content of Ni increases, and the consumption of titanium sponge reduces (concrete alloy relatively
Composition is shown in Table 5), remaining component, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure, detection operation same as in Example 3,
Testing result is as shown in table 6.
Comparative example 10
On the basis of embodiment 4, concrete alloy composition is shown in Table 5, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure,
Detection operation is the same as in Example 4, and testing result is as shown in table 6.
Comparative example 11
On the basis of embodiment 6, concrete alloy composition is shown in Table 5, the preparation technology of product and follow-up welding procedure,
Detection operation is same as in Example 6, and testing result is as shown in table 6.
Table 5
Table 6
Embodiment |
Seawater |
50% NaOH |
20% hydrochloric acid |
Comparative example 4 |
0.00054 |
0.00134 |
0.317 |
Comparative example 5 |
0.00159 |
0.00164 |
0.416 |
Comparative example 6 |
0.00058 |
0.00203 |
0.396 |
Comparative example 7 |
0.00083 |
0.00116 |
0.403 |
Comparative example 8 |
0.00064 |
0.00127 |
0.265 |
Comparative example 9 |
0.00057 |
0.00184 |
0.427 |
Comparative example 10 |
0.00067 |
0.00214 |
0.364 |
Comparative example 11 |
0.00073 |
0.00186 |
0.381 |
From the experimental data of the above embodiments and comparative example it can be seen that use the weld seam gold that the titanium alloy welding wire of the present invention obtains
Belonging to, in different environments, its high-temperature corrosion resistance performance and resistance to room temperature corrosive nature are substantially better than common erosion resistant titanium alloy weldering
Silk.Welding wire of the present invention is low due to alloying level, and the technique of routine can be used to produce, and technique is simple, and lumber recovery is high, therefore becomes
This is relatively low.This welding wire can be not only used for the MIG welding of alpha titanium alloy, it may also be used for other fill silk TIG weld;Also may be used
For the defect mending of weldment, so range of application is relatively wide, along with the exploitation of marine resources is deep, the expansion of ocean platform is built
And if chemical equipment the most perfect, the welding wire of this invention has a extensive future, and is expected to obtain considerable economic results in society.