Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the deficiency that above-mentioned existing vacuum degreasing fritting furnace exists, it is provided that a kind of novel structure, a degreasing rate height, the vacuum degreasing fritting furnace that working (machining) efficiency is high.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, including stove seat and sintering furnace fixed thereon, also includes the aerating device, water cooling plant, vacuum extractor and the degreasing plant that are connected with sintering furnace;Sintering furnace includes fire door and body of heater, and fire door is connected by hinge with body of heater, and fire door arranges handle, and the edge along fire door and body of heater arranges many group fire door locking members;Interior insulated door, graphite material storing box, pulley, bracket and escape pipe it is provided with in body of heater, interior insulated door will seal in the middle part of the burner hearth in body of heater, the inside edge wall of interior insulated door is provided with carbon felt heat-insulation layer, graphite material storing box is in the burner hearth of sealing, bracket is fixed on the medial wall of body of heater, and graphite material storing box is arranged on the top of bracket by pulley, and graphite material storing box is slided on bracket by pulley, escape pipe upper end is in the burner hearth of sealing, and escape pipe lower end is in outside body of heater;Aerating device includes effusion meter, Pressure gauge, charge valve and super-pressure safety valve, and the charge valve of effusion meter, Pressure gauge, super-pressure safety valve and charge valve switch is on body of heater lateral wall, charge valve inflation inlet be in body of heater;Water cooling plant includes the recovery tank outside body of heater and coupled circulating water line, and circulating water line connects the bracket in fire door, body of heater and body of heater;Vacuum extractor includes vacuum tube, pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve, the first corrugated tube amortisseur, Roots vaccum pump, the second corrugated tube amortisseur, rotary-vane vaccum pump, vacuum pump support and exhaustor;Rotary-vane vaccum pump and Roots vaccum pump are arranged on vacuum pump support, vacuum tube air inlet is in body of heater, vacuum tube gas outlet connection exhaustor, pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve, Roots vaccum pump and rotary-vane vaccum pump are successively set on vacuum tube along air inlet to the direction given vent to anger, first corrugated tube amortisseur is located on the vacuum tube between pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve and Roots vaccum pump, and the second corrugated tube amortisseur is located on the vacuum tube between Roots vaccum pump and rotary-vane vaccum pump;
Degreasing plant includes the first valve, defat pipe, collection fat tank, collecting vessel, the first degreasing tank, the second degreasing tank, anti-recovery tank, the second valve, water-ring vacuum pump, Rose Box, air vent, hot and cold water switch and multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur, the entrance point of defat pipe connects escape pipe, and the first valve is arranged on the junction of defat pipe and escape pipe;Import along defat pipe is sequentially arranged on defat pipe to Way out collection fat tank, the first degreasing tank, the second degreasing tank, anti-recovery tank and water-ring vacuum pump, second valve is on the defat pipe between anti-recovery tank and water-ring vacuum pump, the defat pipe port of export connects Rose Box, and air vent is located on Rose Box;The collecting vessel being connected with collection fat tank is in the bottom of collection fat tank;Multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseurs are installed on the defat pipe of body of heater;Collection fat tank, the first degreasing tank and the second degreasing tank are arranged in order from lower to upper by the height of rigging position, the first degreasing tank and be equipped with condensation rod in the second degreasing tank;Being equipped with and hot-water line and cold water pipe in collection fat tank, the first degreasing tank and the second degreasing tank, hot and cold water switch is connected with the hot-water line in defat pipe and collection fat tank, the first degreasing tank and the second degreasing tank and cold water pipe;Defat pipe between first valve and the second degreasing tank is made up of the first defat pipe, the second defat pipe and the 3rd defat pipe, first defat pipe two ends connect the first valve and collection fat tank respectively, first defat pipe and the junction collecting fat tank are in the bottom of collection fat tank, and the position of collecting vessel is in the lower section of the first defat pipe and the junction of collection fat tank;The bottom of the second defat pipe connects the top of collection fat tank, and the top of the second defat pipe connects the bottom of the first degreasing tank, and the bottom of the 3rd defat pipe connects the top of the first degreasing tank, and the top of the 3rd defat pipe connects the bottom of the second degreasing tank;Multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseurs on defat pipe include the 3rd corrugated tube amortisseur, the 4th corrugated tube amortisseur and the 5th corrugated tube amortisseur, 3rd corrugated tube amortisseur is on the first defat pipe, 4th corrugated tube amortisseur is on the second defat pipe, and the 5th corrugated tube amortisseur is on the defat pipe between the second degreasing tank and anti-recovery tank.
As preferably, the vacuum tube in rotary-vane vaccum pump and Roots vaccum pump front being respectively mounted filter.
As preferably, the multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseurs on defat pipe also include the 6th corrugated tube amortisseur, and the 6th corrugated tube amortisseur is between anti-recovery tank and water-ring vacuum pump.
Have employed the vacuum degreasing fritting furnace of technique scheme, including stove seat, sintering furnace, aerating device, water cooling plant, vacuum extractor and degreasing plant.The sealing property of sintering furnace and good heat insulating, be used conveniently and safely.The effect of aerating device is suitably to be filled with trace Ar gas in body of heater by charge valve, realize windstream defat, and by effusion meter and Pressure gauge, body of heater intrinsic parameter is monitored, when overvoltage in body of heater, by super-pressure safety valve releasing pressure automatically, it is ensured that vacuum degreasing fritting furnace runs safety.The effect of vacuum extractor is before sintering by evacuation in the body of heater of sintering furnace, improves the efficiency of sintering.Interior insulated door and carbon felt heat-insulation layer are applied not only to insulation, and reduce the pollution by lipid material of the parts such as body of heater internal protecting wall, heater, namely prevent the parts between interior insulated door and body of heater internal protecting wall by the pollution of lipid material, improve defat efficiency and product quality.Escape pipe upper end is in carbon felt heat-insulation layer, the lipid material in burner hearth and impurity is extracted out by escape pipe, defat pipe and water-ring vacuum pump, and completes to collect and filter, a degreasing rate height by collecting vessel and Rose Box, generally can reach 99.98%.In sum, the advantage of this vacuum degreasing fritting furnace is novel structure, good heat insulating, a degreasing rate height.
Detailed description of the invention
Make a detailed explanation below in conjunction with-4 pairs of the specific embodiment of the present invention of Fig. 1.
Vacuum degreasing fritting furnace as Figure 1-4, including stove seat 2, the sintering furnace 1 that is fixed on stove seat, and the aerating device 3 being connected with sintering furnace, water cooling plant 4, vacuum extractor 5 and degreasing plant 6.
Sintering furnace 1 includes fire door 11 and body of heater 12, and fire door 11 is connected by hinge 13 with body of heater 12, and fire door 11 arranges handle 15, and the edge along fire door 11 and body of heater 12 arranges many group fire door locking members 14.
Interior insulated door 121 it is provided with in body of heater, graphite material storing box 125, pulley 122, bracket 123 and escape pipe 124, interior insulated door 121 will seal in the middle part of the burner hearth 126 in body of heater 12, the inside edge wall of interior insulated door 121 is provided with carbon felt heat-insulation layer, graphite material storing box 125 is in the burner hearth 126 of sealing, bracket 123 is fixed on the medial wall of body of heater 12, graphite material storing box 125 is arranged on the top of bracket 123 by pulley 122, graphite material storing box 125 is slided on bracket 123 by pulley 122, escape pipe 124 upper end is in the burner hearth 126 of sealing, escape pipe 124 lower end is in outside body of heater 12.
The shell of body of heater 12 is cold chuck, outer layer is carbon steel internal layer is high temperature stainless steel, material storing box adopts graphite material manufacture, interior insulated door 121 will seal in the middle part of the burner hearth 126 in body of heater 12, the inside edge wall of interior insulated door 121 is provided with carbon felt heat-insulation layer, not only prevent furnace heat to run off and improve the effect of insulation, also solve the problem that rustless steel normally effectively cannot use when high-temperature high pressure simultaneously.
Aerating device 3 includes effusion meter 31, Pressure gauge 32, super-pressure safety valve and charge valve 33, and the charge valve switch of effusion meter 31, Pressure gauge 32, super-pressure safety valve and charge valve 33 is on the lateral wall of body of heater 12, and the inflation inlet of charge valve 33 is in body of heater 12.Can according to the number of product fat content in the defat stage, suitably in body of heater, it is filled with trace Ar gas by charge valve, realize windstream defat, and by effusion meter and Pressure gauge, body of heater intrinsic parameter is monitored, size adjustment is carried out including to the Ar throughput being filled with in stove, when overvoltage in body of heater, by super-pressure safety valve releasing pressure automatically, it is ensured that vacuum degreasing fritting furnace runs safety.
Water cooling plant 4 includes the recovery tank 41 outside body of heater 12 and coupled circulating water line 42, and circulating water line 42 connects the bracket 123 in fire door 11, body of heater 12 and body of heater, and water cooling plant 4 is mainly used in the cooling of sintering furnace 1.
Vacuum extractor 5 includes vacuum tube 51, pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve the 52, first corrugated tube amortisseur 53, Roots vaccum pump the 54, second corrugated tube amortisseur 55, rotary-vane vaccum pump 56, exhaustor 57 and vacuum pump support 58.Rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 and Roots vaccum pump 54 are arranged on vacuum pump support 58, the vacuum tube 51 in rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 and Roots vaccum pump 54 front is respectively mounted filter, filter the impurity in pumping process, improve the service life of rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 and Roots vaccum pump 54.Vacuum tube 51 air inlet is in body of heater 12, vacuum tube 51 gas outlet connection exhaustor 57, pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve 52, Roots vaccum pump 54 and rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 are successively set on vacuum tube 51 along air inlet to the direction given vent to anger, first corrugated tube amortisseur 53 is located on the vacuum tube 51 between pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve 52 and Roots vaccum pump 54, and the second corrugated tube amortisseur 55 is located on the vacuum tube 51 between Roots vaccum pump 54 and rotary-vane vaccum pump 56.
The effect of vacuum extractor 5 is before sintering by evacuation in the body of heater of sintering furnace 1, improves the efficiency of sintering.Coordinating evacuation especially with rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 and Roots vaccum pump 54, efficiency is high, and the effect of pneumatic high vacuum flapper valve 52 is to prevent air return.The effect of the first corrugated tube amortisseur 53 and the second corrugated tube amortisseur 55 is that sintering furnace 1 is carried out damping process, product is greatly lowered to the structural behaviour of product in the process of sintering after defat, and the vibration of sintering furnace is excessive directly affects the qualification rate of product in graphite material storing box 125.
Degreasing plant 6 includes the first valve 61, defat pipe 62, collection fat tank 63, collecting vessel the 64, first degreasing tank 65a, the second degreasing tank 65b, anti-recovery tank the 66, second valve 67, water-ring vacuum pump 68, Rose Box 69, air vent 691 and multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur 6a.The entrance point of defat pipe 62 connects the escape pipe 124 outside body of heater 12, and the first valve 61 is arranged on the junction of defat pipe 62 and escape pipe 124.Import along defat pipe 62 is sequentially arranged on defat pipe 62 to Way out collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a, the second degreasing tank 65b, anti-recovery tank 66 and water-ring vacuum pump 68, second valve 67 is on the defat pipe 62 between anti-recovery tank 66 and water-ring vacuum pump 68, defat pipe 62 port of export connects Rose Box 69, and air vent 691 is located on Rose Box 69.The collecting vessel 64 being connected with collection fat tank 63 is in the bottom of collection fat tank 63.Condensation rod 651 it is equipped with in first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b.Being equipped with hot-water line and cold water pipe in collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b, hot and cold water switch is connected with the hot-water line in defat pipe 62 and collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b and cold water pipe and controls their water flowing situation.Water-ring vacuum pump 68 is to adopt water to do medium to carry out evacuation and carry out defat, the logical cold water of collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b is in order to adsorb and fixing lipid material, logical hot water makes the temperature melting temperature higher than lipid material of defat pipe 62 and collection fat tank 63, to avoid the blocking to defat pipe 62, the lipid material that in fat tank 63, on condensation rod 651, condensation and trapping obtain can be collected clearly simultaneously.
One effect of the second valve 67 is to reduce negative conjunction when water-ring vacuum pump 68 opens car, and owing to defat pipe 62 is very long, another effect of the second valve 67 is that convenient detection defat pipe 62 unloads leak rate.The effect of anti-recovery tank 66 is that to prevent the first valve 61 and the second valve 67 from opening be that in defat pipe 62, vacuum occurs that vacuum difference produces the situation of suck-back.
Defat pipe 62 between first valve 61 and the second degreasing tank 65b is made up of first defat pipe the 621, second defat pipe 622 and the 3rd defat pipe 623, first defat pipe 621 two ends connect the first valve 61 and collection fat tank 63 respectively, first defat pipe 621 and the junction collecting fat tank 63 are in the bottom of collection fat tank 63, and the position of collecting vessel 64 is in the lower section of the first defat pipe 621 and the junction of collection fat tank 63, collecting vessel 64 can better collect the lipid material dissolving backward lower landing.The bottom of the second defat pipe 622 connects the top of collection fat tank 63, the top of the second defat pipe 622 connects the bottom of the first degreasing tank 65a, the bottom of the 3rd defat pipe 623 connects the top of the first degreasing tank 65a, and the top of the 3rd defat pipe 623 connects the bottom of the second degreasing tank 65b.Collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b is arranged in order from lower to upper by the height of rigging position, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b is all by the high dip arrangement of low export department of import department, so the main purpose of arrangement is that marquis allows the molten lipid material got off be mainly forming agent in gradient inflow collecting vessel when fat melting, it play the guiding role, improve the efficiency receiving fat.
Multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur 6a are installed on the defat pipe 62 of body of heater 12, multiple stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur 6a include the 3rd corrugated tube amortisseur 6a1, 4th corrugated tube amortisseur 6a2 and the five corrugated tube amortisseur 6a3, 3rd corrugated tube amortisseur 6a1 is on the first defat pipe 621, 4th corrugated tube amortisseur 6a2 is on the second defat pipe 622, 5th corrugated tube amortisseur 6a3 is on the defat pipe 62 between the second degreasing tank 65b and anti-recovery tank 66, stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur 6a is for higher lifting damping effect, away from the defat pipe 62 of body of heater 12 can also arrange stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur 6a, defat pipe 62 between anti-recovery tank 66 and water-ring vacuum pump 68 such as, can also arrange the 6th stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur.The effect of stricture of vagina pipe amortisseur 6a is that sintering furnace 1 is carried out damping process, and product is greatly lowered to the structural behaviour of product in the process of sintering after defat, and the vibration of sintering furnace is excessive directly affects the qualification rate of product in graphite material storing box 125.
When vacuum degreasing fritting furnace uses, step is as follows:
(1) feeding, by metal dust product placement to be processed in graphite material storing box 125, in closing successively, insulated door 121 and fire door 11, lock fire door 11 by fire door locking member 14;
(2) evacuation, open rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 and pneumatic cap of high-vacuum baffle valve 52, by rotary-vane vaccum pump 56 to carrying out evacuation process in body of heater, the gas extracted out is discharged by exhaustor, treat in body of heater that vacuum is evacuated to 1.1-3 holder and is then turned on Roots vaccum pump 54, vacuum in stove is evacuated to 1.010-1 holder, and in body of heater, evacuation completes to close rotary-vane vaccum pump 56, Roots vaccum pump 54 and pneumatic cap of high-vacuum baffle valve 52;
(3) defat, heats in burner hearth, and process of heating is begun to ramp up by 20 degree until 650 degree of defats terminate, and hot and cold water switch controls defat pipe 62 and leads to hot water, the logical cold water of cold water pipe in collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b;nullOpen charge valve,Effusion meter shows the flow 20-230L/min reaching Product Process requirement,Open water ring vacuum pumps 68,First open the second valve 67,Open the first valve 61 again,Metal dust interiors of products in graphite material storing box 125 is because of high-temperature digestion mixture out,Comprise nitrogen、Hydrogen、It is mainly the lipid materials such as forming agent and enters defat pipe 62 by escape pipe,Sequentially pass through collection fat tank 63、First degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b,Utilize condensation ratio juris,The lipid materials such as forming agent run into the condensation rod 651 in the first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b,The atmosphere such as the lipid materials such as forming agent and nitrogen hydrogen are set in after separating on the surface of condensation rod 651,The atmosphere such as nitrogen hydrogen enter Rose Box 69 by defat pipe 62,Finally discharged by air vent 691;Defat pipe 62 leads to hot water, the logical hot water of hot-water line in collection fat tank the 63, first degreasing tank 65a and the second degreasing tank 65b, hot water temperature is between 63-99 degree, hot water temperature is adjusted with the molten point of the lipid materials such as forming agent, the molten point of the lipid materials such as general forming agent is between 60-90 degree, hot water temperature exceeds molten some 3-9 degree of forming agent, and the lipid material such as the first degreasing tank 65a and the forming agent that condenses on the second degreasing tank 65b starts fat melting, finally wanders to collecting vessel 64 and completes defat;
(4) the metal dust product completing ungrease treatment being carried out high temperature sintering so that it is molding, the temperature of high temperature sintering is 1300-1500 degree.
(5) product terminates, and opens fire door and take out the product sintered after temperature in burner hearth drops to room temperature, opens collecting vessel and removes the lipid materials such as forming agent, is sequentially carried out next stove sintering.
The temperature of above-mentioned sintering is adjusted with the difference of product, for instance product is 316L rustless steel, and general sintering temperature is 1365 degree.Adopt degreasing rate of above-mentioned vacuum degreasing fritting furnace can reach 99.98%.