CN104074915B - The multistage shearing type controllable vibration isolator of axial difference dynamic formula - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator, which includes a damping adjustment unit; the damping adjustment unit includes a shell provided with at least one cavity, passes through the cavity and connects The moving rod with body-sealed and sliding connection, the separator located inside the cavity to divide the cavity into at least two intercommunicating working chambers and fixed to the moving rod, and the excitation coil for providing a magnetic field for each working chamber; the cavity Filled with magnetorheological materials, the axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator of the present invention can make the magnetorheological materials shear and flow between different working chambers when the moving rod drives the partition to slide , compared with the extrusion mode, it can increase the damping force adjustment range, effectively make up for the shortcoming of the existing controllable vibration isolator with a narrow damping adjustment range, and can meet the requirements for use in the fields of automobiles, buildings, and rail transit.

Description

Axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator

technical field

The invention relates to a vibration isolator, in particular to an axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator which can be used in automobiles, buildings and rail transit.

Background technique

The disclosed magnetic current vibration isolation device mainly uses magnetorheological fluid working in extrusion mode to adjust damping, and uses rubber, metal elastic elements, and magnetorheological elastomer working in shear mode as static load supporting elements. Although the magnetorheological elastomer in the shear mode can adjust the stiffness, the existing magnetorheological elastomer controllable stiffness adjustment device has the disadvantages of complex magnetic circuit and narrow adjustable range; the existing one works in the extrusion mode to adjust the damping The unit can realize continuous adjustment of damping, but it has the disadvantage of a narrow damping adjustment range, which cannot meet the requirements for use in the fields of automobiles, buildings, and rail transit.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator, which can effectively make up for the shortcoming of the existing controllable vibration isolator with a narrow damping adjustment range, and can be used in automobiles, buildings, etc. , The use requirements of the rail transit field.

The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator of the present invention includes a damping adjustment unit; the damping adjustment unit includes a housing provided with at least one cavity, which passes through the cavity and seals and slides with the housing The connected movement rod, the compartment located inside the chamber to divide the chamber into at least two intercommunicating working chambers and fixed to the moving rod, and the excitation coil for providing a magnetic field for each working chamber; the chamber is filled with magnetic rheological materials;

Further, at least one side of the partition is fixed with a shearing plate for dividing the corresponding working chamber into a plurality of intercommunicating small chambers along the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the moving rod;

Further, the inner wall of the working chamber is fixed with a fixed disk that is misaligned with the shear disk and extends into each small cavity;

Further, the partition plate is provided with through holes communicating with the working chambers on both sides; the through holes are provided with at least one corresponding to each small cavity;

Further, the through hole at least partially overlaps with the projection of the part of the fixed plate protruding into the corresponding small cavity along the sliding direction of the moving rod;

Further, there are two cavities arranged along the sliding direction of the moving rod; the excitation coil is arranged between the two cavities and wound along the circumferential direction of the sliding rod;

Further, the housing includes an upper end cover, an upper outer cylinder, an upper support base, a lower end cover, a lower outer cylinder, a lower support base, a connecting cylinder and a shield; the upper end cover, upper support base, lower support base and lower end cover Arranged in order from top to bottom; the upper outer cylinder is sealed and fixed between the outer edge of the upper end cover and the outer edge of the upper support seat to form a cavity; the lower outer cylinder is sealed and fixed between the outer edge of the lower support seat and the outer edge of the lower end cover to form another cavity. A cavity; the upper support seat and the lower support seat are provided with through holes for the movement rod to pass through; the connecting cylinder is sealed and fixed between the inner edge of the upper support seat and the inner edge of the lower support seat; the excitation coil Wrapped around the outer wall of the connecting cylinder; the movement rod passes through the upper end cover, the connection cylinder and is connected to the lower end cover; the movement rod is in sealing and sliding fit with the upper end cover and the lower end cover; the upper end of the movement rod protrudes from the upper end cover to form a vibration isolation The connecting end of the fixed connection of the body; the shield cover is outside the excitation coil and fixed between the outer edge of the upper support seat and the outer edge of the lower support seat;

Further, the fixed disk, shear disk, upper outer cylinder, lower outer cylinder, shield and connecting cylinder are made of low carbon steel or soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability and high saturation strength;

Further, the magnetorheological material is magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological grease, magnetorheological viscoelastic fluid or magnetron polymer;

Further, the axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator also includes an elastic adjustment unit fixed between the housing and the moving rod; the elastic adjustment unit includes a magneto-rheological elastomer.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator of the present invention can make the magnetorheological material shear and flow between different working chambers when the moving rod drives the partition to slide , compared with the extrusion mode, it can increase the damping force adjustment range, effectively make up for the shortcoming of the existing controllable vibration isolator with a narrow damping adjustment range, and can meet the requirements for use in the fields of automobiles, buildings, and rail transit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

detailed description

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator of this embodiment includes a damping adjustment unit; the damping adjustment unit includes at least one capacity The casing of the cavity, the moving rod 1 that passes through the cavity and is sealingly and slidingly connected with the casing, the partition plate 2 that is arranged inside the cavity to divide the cavity into at least two communicating working chambers 5 and is fixed to the moving rod 1 and Exciting coils 3 used to provide magnetic fields for each working chamber 5; the cavity is filled with magnetorheological materials; by passing currents of different intensities into the exciting coils 3, each working chamber 5 generates a magnetic field that cannot be strong or weak , when the moving rod 1 drives the partition plate 2 to slide, the magnetorheological material can be sheared and flowed between different working chambers 5, and the shear flow direction is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 3. By changing the excitation coil 3 The size of the current can change the damping characteristics of the damping adjustment unit. Compared with the extrusion mode, it can increase the adjustment range of the damping force and effectively make up for the shortcoming of the existing controllable vibration isolator with a narrow damping adjustment range. , construction, and rail transit use requirements, when there are multiple cavities, a multi-stage damping structure is formed; the motion rod 1 is a straight rod, and the motion rod 1 is slidably connected to the housing along its own length, and the length of the motion rod 1 It is also its axial direction; the excitation coil 3 can be wound around the housing or the moving rod 1, both of which can achieve the purpose of the present invention; a certain gap can be left between the outer edge of the partition plate 2 and the inner wall of the cavity or a hole can be opened on the partition plate 2 to For the flow of magnetorheological materials.

In this embodiment, at least one side of the partition plate 2 is fixed with a shear plate 4 for dividing the corresponding working chamber 5 into a plurality of intercommunicating small chambers 6 along the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the moving rod 1. The cutting disk 4 is composed of a plurality of annular sleeves arranged concentrically. The annular sleeves can be square or circular.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the working chamber 5 is fixed with a fixed plate 7 that is dislocated with the shear plate 4 and extends into each small cavity 6; the fixed plate 7 is composed of a plurality of annular sleeves that are different in size from the shear plate 4, A plurality of annular sleeves constituting the fixed disk 7 are inserted between the plurality of annular sleeves constituting the shearing disk 4, so that the working chamber 5 forms a zigzag labyrinth-shaped cavity, which increases the flow resistance of the magnetorheological material, so in the magnetic field With the same strength, it can produce greater damping force.

In this embodiment, the partition 2 is provided with through holes 8 communicating with the working chambers 5 on both sides thereof; at least one through hole 8 is provided corresponding to each small cavity 6, so that the magnetorheological material 6 and the working chamber 5 located on the other side of the partition 2 have a shear flow to achieve a large damping adjustment range.

In this embodiment, the projection of the through hole 8 and the part of the fixed disk 7 extending into the corresponding small cavity 6 along the sliding direction of the moving rod 1 overlaps at least partially, and the projection of the through hole 8 along the sliding direction of the moving rod 1 completely overlaps in this embodiment. Falling into the projection range of each annular sleeve that constitutes the fixed disk 7, the magnetorheological material that flows into the corresponding small cavity 6 from the through hole 8 can radially shunt flow under the obstruction of the fixed disk 7, increasing the magnetorheological material. Shear flow effect.

In this embodiment, there are two cavities and they are arranged along the sliding direction of the moving rod 1; the excitation coil 3 is arranged between the two cavities and wound along the circumferential direction of the sliding rod, so that the utilization rate of the magnetic field is high. Circumferential winding of the sliding rod means that the winding direction of the exciting coil 3 is the circumferential direction around the moving rod 1 , and the exciting coil 3 can be wound around the casing or the moving rod 1 .

In this embodiment, the housing includes an upper end cover 9, an upper outer cylinder 10, an upper support base 11, a lower end cover 12, a lower outer cylinder 13, a lower support base 14, a connecting cylinder 15 and a shield 16; the upper end cover 9. The upper support seat 11, the lower support seat 14 and the lower end cover 12 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the upper outer cylinder 10 is sealed and fixed between the outer edge of the upper end cover 9 and the outer edge of the upper support seat 11 to form a cavity; The cylinder 13 is sealed and fixed between the outer edge of the lower support seat 14 and the outer edge of the lower end cover 12 to form another cavity; the upper support seat 11 and the lower support seat 14 are provided with through holes for the movement rod 1 to pass through The connecting cylinder 15 is sealed and fixed between the inner edge of the upper supporting base 11 and the inner edge of the lower supporting base 14; the excitation coil 3 is wound on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 15; the movement rod 1 passes through the upper end cover 9 and the connecting cylinder 15 and is connected to the The lower end cover 12; the movement rod 1 is sealed and slidably matched with the upper end cover 9 and the lower end cover 12; the upper end of the movement rod 1 protrudes from the outside of the upper end cover 9 to form a connection end for fixed connection with the vibration-isolated body; the shield 16 is covered outside the excitation coil 3 and fixed between the outer edge of the upper support base 11 and the outer edge of the lower support base 14; a certain radial gap is left between the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 15 and the moving rod 1, so that the two cavities communicate with each other. It plays the role of mutual compensation of magnetorheological materials.

In this embodiment, the fixed disk 7, the shear disk 4, the upper outer cylinder 10, the lower outer cylinder 13, the shield 16 and the connecting cylinder 15 are made of low carbon steel or soft steel with high magnetic permeability and high saturation strength. Made of magnetic material; upper end cover 9, upper support base 11, lower end cover 12, lower support base 14, moving rod 1 and partition plate 2 are made of non-magnetic materials, and in this embodiment, the fixed disc 7 and the shear disc 4 , the upper outer cylinder 10, the lower outer cylinder 13, the shield 16 and the connecting cylinder 15 are made of low carbon steel, the upper end cover 9, the upper support seat 11, the lower end cover 12, the lower support seat 14, the movement rod 1 and the partition plate 2 Made of stainless steel.

In this embodiment, the magnetorheological material is magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological grease, magnetorheological viscoelastic fluid or magnetron polymer.

In this embodiment, the axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator also includes an elastic adjustment unit fixed between the shell and the moving rod 1; the elastic adjustment unit includes a magneto-rheological elastomer The magnetorheological elastomer comprises a conical elastic shell 17 and a plurality of helical excitation coils 18 that are solidified inside the conical elastic shell 17 and arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction, and the cone tip of the conical elastic shell 17 is fixedly connected to the movement bar 1 Connecting end; the edge of the conical bottom of the conical elastic shell 17 is fixed to the shell, and the space between the conical elastic shell 17 and the shell forms a space for the magnetorheological elastomer to move and deform with the moving rod 1, which greatly optimizes the magnetorheological The applied magnetic circuit structure of the elastic body reduces the volume of the elastic adjustment unit.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator, characterized in that: it includes a damping adjustment unit; the damping adjustment unit includes a housing provided with at least one cavity, passing through the cavity and A movement rod that is sealed and slidably connected with the housing, a separator that is arranged inside the chamber to divide the chamber into at least two communicating working chambers and fixed to the movement rod, and an excitation coil for providing a magnetic field for each working chamber; The cavity is filled with magnetorheological material; at least one side of the partition is fixed with a shear plate for dividing the corresponding working cavity into a plurality of intercommunicating small cavities along the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the moving rod. 2. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the working cavity is fixed with a fixing plate that is offset from the shearing plate and extends into each small cavity. plate. 3. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the partition plate is provided with through holes communicating with the working chambers on both sides; At least one hole is provided corresponding to each small cavity. 4. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to claim 3, characterized in that: the projection of the through hole and the part of the fixed plate extending into the corresponding small cavity along the sliding direction of the moving rod overlap at least partially. 5. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to claim 4, characterized in that: there are two cavities arranged along the sliding direction of the moving rod; It is wound between the two cavities and along the circumferential direction of the sliding rod. 6. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that: the housing includes an upper end cover, an upper outer cylinder, an upper support seat, a lower end cover, a lower outer cylinder, lower support seat, connecting cylinder and shield; the upper end cover, upper support seat, lower support seat and lower end cover are arranged in order from top to bottom; the upper outer cylinder is sealed and fixed on the outer edge of the upper end cover and the upper support seat A cavity is formed between them; the lower outer cylinder is sealed and fixed between the outer edge of the lower support base and the outer edge of the lower end cover to form another cavity; the upper support base and the lower support base are equipped with a The connecting cylinder is sealed and fixed between the inner edge of the upper support seat and the inner edge of the lower support seat; the excitation coil is wound on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder; the movement rod passes through the upper end cover, the connection cylinder and is connected to the lower end cover; the movement rod It is sealed and slidably matched with the upper end cover and the lower end cover; the upper end of the movement rod protrudes outside the upper end cover to form a connection end for fixed connection with the vibration-isolated body; the shield covers the outside of the excitation coil and is fixed on the upper support base Between the outer edge and the outer edge of the lower support seat. 7. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to claim 6, characterized in that: the fixed plate, shear plate, upper outer cylinder, lower outer cylinder, shield and The connecting cylinder is made of low carbon steel or soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability and high saturation strength. 8. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the magnetorheological material is magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological grease, magnetorheological viscoelastic fluid or magnetron polymer. 9. The axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable vibration isolator according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the axial differential multi-stage shear type controllable isolator The vibrator also includes an elastic adjustment unit fixed between the housing and the moving rod; the elastic adjustment unit includes a magneto-rheological elastic body.