CN104073855A - Surface treating method for metal piece - Google Patents
Surface treating method for metal piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN104073855A CN104073855A CN201410298703.7A CN201410298703A CN104073855A CN 104073855 A CN104073855 A CN 104073855A CN 201410298703 A CN201410298703 A CN 201410298703A CN 104073855 A CN104073855 A CN 104073855A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treating method for a metal piece. The surface treating method is carried out according to the following steps: (1) pre-treating: carrying out polishing treatment on the surface of the metal piece; (2) film-coating: placing the metal piece treated in the step (1) into a vacuum chamber, and depositing a layer of metal film on the surface of the metal piece by adopting a vacuum film-coating method; and (3) carrying out anode oxidization treatment on the metal piece which is coated with the metal film. The metal film treated by the method disclosed by the invention is uniform and good in adhesion force, so that wearing resistance of a coating on the surface of the product is strengthened; and moreover, the coating film is rich in color after being oxidized, good in corrosion resistance, so that integral strength of the metal piece is improved; and the process has no pollution on environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surface treatment method of metalwork, belong to ion sputtering, oxidizing process field, be specifically applied to mobile phone, the processing of panel computer metal shell surface.
Background technology
At present, the electronic product that has beautiful and long-lived outward appearance made from metallic substance, will be subject to numerous human consumers' favor and pursue; But the problems such as initial investment expense and fraction defective are higher, process period, metal strength, surface fine processing have hindered the appearance component development of metallic substance, and in prior art with after magnesium-aluminium alloy material in-mould injection, external appearance spray finishing or electroplating processes are basis, the design of product is reached capacity, also lose gradually competitive power.At present, the competition spot analysis of mobile phone market, mainly concentrates on the competition of product design design and size, even if 0.1mm also can reduce in this trend of also wanting to reduce, Cell Phone Design engineering has reached the level that can not reduce again product thickness.From the design concept of the mobile phone delivered recently, competition is that picture is further expanded, and mobile phone thickness is to thinner, and size is to less development, but has reached physics limit.
Prior art belongs to blank in the technique of metalwork (as phone housing, panel computer shell body etc.) surface ion plating, and original technology can only be for the plating of metalwork water power or plastic parts vacuum plating, and its shortcoming is that metalwork water plating color is single; And plastic parts Vacuum Deposition rich color but casing rigidity is extremely low, can not meet handset size become large after requirement to casing rigidity.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, object of the present invention aims to provide a kind of surface treatment method of metalwork, adopt that metallic film after the method is processed is even and sticking power good, strengthened the wear resistance of product surface coating, and the rich color after plated film oxidation, corrosion resistance and good, has improved the bulk strength of metalwork and this technique environmentally safe.
Realizing object of the present invention can be by taking following technical scheme to reach:
A surface treatment method for metalwork, is characterized in that, carries out according to the following steps:
1) pre-treatment: polished finish is carried out in the surface of metalwork;
2) plated film: by through step 1) metalwork after processing is positioned in vacuum chamber, adopts vacuum coating method on metalwork surface, to deposit layer of metal film;
3) metalwork that has plated metallic film is carried out to anodic oxidation treatment.
As preferably, in step 2) in, described vacuum coating method, carries out according to the following steps:
2-1) vacuumize: start pumped vacuum systems, the vacuum tightness of controlling vacuum chamber reaches 3 * 10
-3pa-5 * 10
-3pa;
2-2) metalwork preheating: heater is heated to the metalwork in vacuum chamber more than 70 ℃, changes the atoms metal structure on metalwork surface, makes atoms metal in active state;
2-3) in vacuum chamber, pass into rare gas element, air pressure is controlled between 0.5-2Pa;
2-4) adopt any one release metal ions in following two kinds of modes:
A, metal targets is set in vacuum chamber, in metal targets, applies the negative voltage that is greater than 200V, make metal targets discharge metal ion;
B, metal coating materials is set in vacuum chamber, adopts electron beam gun facing to the shooting of metal coating materials, make metal coating materials discharge metal ion; The output rating of electron beam gun is 4-30KW;
When 2-5) metal ion is released, emit energy, glow discharge occurs, produce plasma body; Metal ion in plasma body accelerates to metalwork under the effect of electric field, after colliding with metalwork surface, metal ion on metalwork is spilt to be come, and makes metal ion in plasma body replace the metal ion being spilt on metalwork and be deposited on metalwork surface, to form layer of metal film.
As preferably, described metalwork is aluminum, and described metal targets is aluminum; Coating process parameter is as follows: vacuum tightness is 3 * 10
-3pa-5 * 10
-3pa, metalwork preheating temperature is 70-150 ℃, and the negative voltage putting in metal targets is 200-1000V, and depositing time is 50-120 minute, and the thickness of metallic film is 50 μ m-80 μ m.
As preferably, described metalwork is aluminum, and described metal coating materials is aluminum; Coating process parameter is as follows: vacuum tightness is 3 * 10
-3pa-5 * 10
-3pa, metalwork preheating temperature is 70-150 ℃, and the output rating that puts on the electron beam gun of metal coating materials is 4-30KW, and depositing time is 50-120 minute, and the thickness of metallic film is 50 μ m-80 μ m.
As preferably, described rare gas element is any one in helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe).
As preferably, step 3) described anodic oxidation treatment, carry out as follows:
3-1) alkali cleaning: the metalwork that has plated metallic film is put into alkaline wash and carry out alkali cleaning degreasing, remove surperficial organic grease and inorganic carbide; Wherein, alkaline wash comprises: 60-80g/L sodium hydroxide and 20g/L tensio-active agent; Temperature is 50-70 degree Celsius, and the time is 1-2 minute;
3-2) washing: the metalwork after alkali cleaning is washed to processing; Preferably first with the hot water of 80-100 ℃, rinse, be conducive to clean the alkaline matter on workpiece surface.
3-3) pickling: the metalwork after washing is put into pickle solution and carry out alkali cleaning; Wherein, pickle solution comprises: the sulfuric acid that concentration is 15-25%, and temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, the time is 1-2 minute.The effect of pickling itself be burn into dissolution of metals top layer, with the oxide compound generation reduction reaction of surface porosity, it also has strong degreasing and neutralization of acid with base simultaneously.
3-4) metalwork after pickling is put into solvent and carry out chemical etching, wherein, solvent is any one in the nitric acid that concentration is the sulfuric acid of 15-20%, phosphoric acid that concentration is 75-85%, concentration is 15-20%, and temperature is 100-130 degree Celsius, and the time is 5-10 minute; Utilize the effect of chemical etching, make product reach the effect of leveling, light.
The nitric acid of 3-5) metalwork after chemical etching being put into 250-350ml/L carries out nitric acid bright dipping, removes surperficial oxide skin or insolubles, makes surface expose crystallizing layer; Wherein, temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, and the time is 1-2 minute;
The nitric acid of 3-6) metalwork after nitric acid bright dipping being put into 20-30g/L carries out anodic oxidation treatment, concrete technology parameter: temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, and voltage is 12-24V, and electric current is 0.8-2.5A/dm
2, the time is 30-50 minute;
As preferably, step 3) also comprise step 3-7): the metalwork after anodic oxidation treatment is immersed in dye solution and dyeed.
Because anode oxide film is comprised of a large amount of hexagon structure cells perpendicular to metallic surface, there is a fenestra at each structure cell center, and there is extremely strong adsorptive power, when the aluminum products that were oxidized immerse in dye solution, dyestuff atom enters by diffusion in the fenestra of oxide film, forms and is difficult to separated covalent linkage and ionic linkage simultaneously with oxide film.It is reversible that this bond is closed, and desorption can occur under certain condition.Therefore, after dyeing, metalwork surface can form rough plane, must be through sealing of hole processing (solving rough problem), the fixing of dye, in fenestra, is increased to the performance such as anti-corrosion, wear-resisting of oxide film simultaneously.
As preferably, step 3) also comprise step 3-8): the metalwork after dyeing is washed, to remove the loose colour that is attached to aluminum products surface.Because the metalwork after sputter is invaded bubble in solution, metallic diaphragm due to different electric currents and voltage effect, causes the color meeting after oxidation different when oxidation, therefore, after dyeing, metalwork be washed, to remove the loose colour that is attached to metalwork surface.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
First the present invention adopts vacuum coating method on metalwork surface, to form layer of metal film, specifically, be to discharge metal ion by metal targets or metal coating materials, when being released, genus ion emits energy, there is glow discharge, produce plasma body; Metal ion in plasma body accelerates to metalwork under the effect of electric field, after colliding with metalwork surface, metal ion on metalwork is spilt to be come, and makes metal ion in plasma body replace the metal ion being spilt on metalwork and be deposited on metalwork surface, to form layer of metal film.That is to say, the present invention discharges metal ion by metal targets or metal coating materials to replace the metal ion being spilt on metalwork, and traditional coating process is only that metal targets or metal coating materials are deposited on plastic component.Therefore, metallic film that the method for the invention obtains is even and sticking power good, has strengthened the wear resistance of product surface electrolytic coating; Secondly, the present invention carries out anodic oxidation treatment by the metalwork that has plated metallic film, makes the rich color after plated film oxidation, and corrosion resistance and good has improved the bulk strength of metalwork and this technique environmentally safe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is illustrated
Embodiment 1:
A surface treatment method for metalwork, carries out according to the following steps:
1) pre-treatment: polished finish is carried out in the surface of metalwork; Described metalwork adopts aluminum to be made.
2) plated film: by through step 1) metalwork after processing is positioned in vacuum chamber, adopts vacuum coating method on metalwork surface, to deposit layer of metal film;
3) metalwork that has plated metallic film is carried out to anodic oxidation treatment.
In step 2) in, described vacuum coating method, carries out according to the following steps:
2-1) vacuumize: start pumped vacuum systems, the vacuum tightness of controlling vacuum chamber reaches 3 * 10
-3pa;
2-2) metalwork preheating: heater is heated to 70 ℃ by the metalwork in vacuum chamber, changes the atoms metal structure on metalwork surface, makes atoms metal in active state;
2-3) in vacuum chamber, pass into rare gas element, air pressure is controlled between 0.5-2Pa; Described rare gas element is argon (Ar);
2-4) release metal ions in the following way:
A, metal targets is set in vacuum chamber, in metal targets, applies the negative voltage of 200V, make metal targets discharge metal ion; Described metal targets adopts aluminum to be made.
2-5) discharge metal ion and be excited, emit energy simultaneously, glow discharge occurs, produce plasma body; Metal ion in plasma body accelerates to metalwork, after colliding with metalwork surface, metal ion on metalwork is spilt to be come, and makes metal ion in plasma body replace the metal ion on metalwork and be deposited on metalwork surface, to form layer of metal film.
Because film forming thickness is relevant with the depositing time of plated film, control depositing time is: 50 minutes, the thickness of the described metallic film obtaining was 50 μ m.
Step 3) described anodic oxidation treatment, carry out as follows:
3-1) alkali cleaning: the metalwork that has plated metallic film is put into alkaline wash and carry out alkali cleaning degreasing, remove surperficial organic grease and inorganic carbide; Wherein, alkaline wash comprises: 60-80g/L sodium hydroxide and 20g/L tensio-active agent; Temperature is 50-70 degree Celsius, and the time is 1-2 minute;
3-2) washing: the metalwork after alkali cleaning is washed to processing; Preferably first with the hot water of 80-100 ℃, rinse, be conducive to clean the alkaline matter on workpiece surface.
3-3) pickling: the metalwork after washing is put into pickle solution and carry out alkali cleaning; Wherein, pickle solution comprises: the sulfuric acid that concentration is 15-25%, and temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, the time is 1-2 minute.The effect of pickling itself be burn into dissolution of metals top layer, with the oxide compound generation reduction reaction of surface porosity, it also has strong degreasing and neutralization of acid with base simultaneously.
3-4) metalwork after pickling is put into solvent and carry out chemical etching, wherein, solvent is any one in the nitric acid that concentration is the sulfuric acid of 15-20%, phosphoric acid that concentration is 75-85%, concentration is 15-20%, and temperature is 100-130 degree Celsius, and the time is 5-10 minute; Utilize the effect of chemical etching, make product reach the effect of leveling, light.
The nitric acid of 3-5) metalwork after chemical etching being put into 250-350ml/L carries out nitric acid bright dipping, removes surperficial oxide skin or insolubles, makes surface expose crystallizing layer; Wherein, temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, and the time is 1-2 minute;
The nitric acid of 3-6) metalwork after nitric acid bright dipping being put into 20-30g/L carries out anodic oxidation treatment, concrete technology parameter: temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, and voltage is 12-24V, and electric current is 0.8-2.5A/dm
2, the time is 30-50 minute;
3-7): the metalwork after anodic oxidation treatment is immersed in dye solution and dyeed.Because anode oxide film is comprised of a large amount of hexagon structure cells perpendicular to metallic surface, there is a fenestra at each structure cell center, and there is extremely strong adsorptive power, when the aluminum products that were oxidized immerse in dye solution, dyestuff atom enters by diffusion in the fenestra of oxide film, forms and is difficult to separated covalent linkage and ionic linkage simultaneously with oxide film.It is reversible that this bond is closed, and desorption can occur under certain condition.Therefore, after dyeing, metalwork surface can form rough plane, must process (solving rough problem) through sealing of hole, by the fixing of dye in fenestra, the same performance such as anti-corrosion, wear-resisting of entering to increase oxide film.
3-8): the metalwork after dyeing is washed, to remove the loose colour that is attached to aluminum products surface.Because the metalwork after sputter is invaded bubble in solution, metallic diaphragm due to different electric currents and voltage effect, causes the color meeting after oxidation different when oxidation, therefore, after dyeing, metalwork be washed, to remove the loose colour that is attached to metalwork surface.
Embodiment 2:
The feature of the present embodiment is: in step 2) in, technique for vacuum coating parameter is as follows: vacuum tightness is 3.5 * 10
-3pa, metalwork preheating temperature is 100 ℃, and the negative voltage putting in metal targets is 600V, and depositing time is 80 minutes, and the thickness of metallic film is 60 μ m.
Other are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
The feature of the present embodiment is: in step 2) in, described vacuum coating method, carries out according to the following steps:
2-1) vacuumize: start pumped vacuum systems, the vacuum tightness of controlling vacuum chamber reaches 4 * 10
-3pa;
2-2) metalwork preheating: heater is heated to 120 ℃ by the metalwork in vacuum chamber, changes the atoms metal structure on metalwork surface, makes atoms metal in active state;
2-3) in vacuum chamber, pass into rare gas element, air pressure is controlled between 0.5-2Pa; Described rare gas element is argon (Ar);
2-4) release metal ions in the following way:
A, metal coating materials is set in vacuum chamber, adopts electron beam gun facing to the shooting of metal coating materials, make metal coating materials discharge metal ion; The output rating of electron beam gun is 20KW.
2-5) discharge metal ion and be excited, emit energy simultaneously, glow discharge occurs, produce plasma body; Metal ion in plasma body accelerates to metalwork, after colliding with metalwork surface, metal ion on metalwork is spilt to be come, and makes metal ion in plasma body replace the metal ion on metalwork and be deposited on metalwork surface, to form layer of metal film.
Because film forming thickness is relevant with the depositing time of plated film, control depositing time is: 100 minutes, the thickness of the described metallic film obtaining was 70 μ m.
Other are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
The feature of the present embodiment is: in step 2) in, technique for vacuum coating parameter is as follows: vacuum tightness is 5 * 10
-3pa, metalwork preheating temperature is 150 ℃, and the output rating that puts on the electron beam gun of metal coating materials is 30KW, and depositing time is 120 minutes, and the thickness of metallic film is 80 μ m.
Other are identical with embodiment 3.
Comparative example 1-2:
The metalwork that method described in embodiment of the present invention 1-4 is obtained with adopt conventional hydropower be coated with metalwork (comparative example 1), adopt the plastic component (comparative example 2) that conventional vacuum plating makes to compare, particular case is referring to table 1.
The contrast of table 1 Performance Detection
Above-described embodiment, only for the preferred case study on implementation of the present invention, can not limit the present invention's scope required for protection with this, any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art does on basis of the present invention and replace and all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a surface treatment method for metalwork, is characterized in that, carries out according to the following steps:
1) pre-treatment: polished finish is carried out in the surface of metalwork;
2) plated film: by through step 1) metalwork after processing is positioned in vacuum chamber, adopts vacuum coating method on metalwork surface, to deposit layer of metal film;
3) metalwork that has plated metallic film is carried out to anodic oxidation treatment.
2. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, described vacuum coating method, carries out according to the following steps:
2-1) vacuumize: start pumped vacuum systems, the vacuum tightness of controlling vacuum chamber reaches 3 * 10
-3pa-5 * 10
-3pa;
2-2) metalwork preheating: heater is heated to the metalwork in vacuum chamber more than 70 ℃, changes the atoms metal structure on metalwork surface, makes atoms metal in active state;
2-3) in vacuum chamber, pass into rare gas element, air pressure is controlled between 0.5-2Pa;
2-4) adopt any one release metal ions in following two kinds of modes:
A, metal targets is set in vacuum chamber, in metal targets, applies the negative voltage that is greater than 200V, make metal targets discharge metal ion;
B, metal coating materials is set in vacuum chamber, adopts electron beam gun facing to the shooting of metal coating materials, make metal coating materials discharge metal ion; The output rating of electron beam gun is 4-30KW;
When 2-5) metal ion is released, emit energy, glow discharge occurs, produce plasma body; Metal ion in plasma body accelerates to metalwork under the effect of electric field, after colliding with metalwork surface, metal ion on metalwork is spilt to be come, and makes metal ion in plasma body replace the metal ion being spilt on metalwork and be deposited on metalwork surface, to form layer of metal film.
3. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, described metalwork is aluminum, described metal targets is aluminum; Coating process parameter is as follows: vacuum tightness is 3 * 10
-3pa-5 * 10
-3pa, metalwork preheating temperature is 70-150 ℃, and the negative voltage putting in metal targets is 200-1000V, and depositing time is 50-120 minute, and the thickness of metallic film is 50 μ m-80 μ m.
4. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, described metalwork is aluminum, described metal coating materials is aluminum; Coating process parameter is as follows: vacuum tightness is 3 * 10
-3pa-5 * 10
-3pa, metalwork preheating temperature is 70-150 ℃, and the output rating that puts on the electron beam gun of metal coating materials is 4-30KW, and depositing time is 50-120 minute, and the thickness of metallic film is 50 μ m-80 μ m.
5. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, described rare gas element is any one in helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon.
6. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) described anodic oxidation treatment, carry out as follows:
3-1) alkali cleaning: the metalwork that has plated metallic film is put into alkaline wash and carry out alkali cleaning degreasing, remove surperficial organic grease and inorganic carbide; Wherein, alkaline wash comprises: 60-80g/L sodium hydroxide and 20g/L tensio-active agent; Temperature is 50-70 degree Celsius, and the time is 1-2 minute;
3-2) washing: the metalwork after alkali cleaning is washed to processing;
3-3) pickling: the metalwork after washing is put into pickle solution and carry out alkali cleaning; Wherein, pickle solution comprises: the sulfuric acid that concentration is 15-25%, and temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, the time is 1-2 minute;
3-4) metalwork after pickling is put into solvent and carry out chemical etching, wherein, solvent is any one in the nitric acid that concentration is the sulfuric acid of 15-20%, phosphoric acid that concentration is 75-85%, concentration is 15-20%, and temperature is 100-130 degree Celsius, and the time is 5-10 minute;
The nitric acid of 3-5) metalwork after chemical etching being put into 250-350ml/L carries out nitric acid bright dipping, removes surperficial oxide skin or insolubles, makes surface expose crystallizing layer; Wherein, temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, and the time is 1-2 minute;
The nitric acid of 3-6) metalwork after nitric acid bright dipping being put into 20-30g/L carries out anodic oxidation treatment, concrete technology parameter: temperature is 20-30 degree Celsius, and voltage is 12-24V, and electric current is 0.8-2.5A/dm
2, the time is 30-50 minute.
7. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) also comprise step 3-7): the metalwork after anodic oxidation treatment is immersed in dye solution and dyeed.
8. the surface treatment method of metalwork according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) also comprise step 3-8): the metalwork after dyeing is washed, to remove the loose colour that is attached to metalwork surface.
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| CN104879109B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2018-08-14 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Decomposable asymmetric choice net pressure break ball holder surface composite film and ball seat and ball seat preparation method |
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| CN107130275B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-04-02 | 深圳天珑无线科技有限公司 | A kind of method of zinc alloy anode oxidation |
| CN107365965A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-21 | 珠海承鸥卫浴用品有限公司 | PVD aura aoxidizes ornamental film plating process |
| CN110512250A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳市裕展精密科技有限公司 | Anode oxide film and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |