A kind of flame-retardant wood-plastic and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Wood-plastic material, be specifically related to a kind of flame-retardant wood-plastic, belong to Material Field.
Background technology
Wood-plastic material is that a kind of PE of utilization and string are mixed into new material, then through extruding, mold pressing, notePenetrating moulding etc. processes as advanced composite material (ACM). Because the wood powder and the plastics that form wood plastic composite all belong toIn combustible material, so this has restricted it in architectural engineering particularly in fire-protection rating to a certain extentApplication in high place.
In order to address this problem, in prior art by mould middle interpolation halogen containing flame-retardant at wood---be mainlyOrganic bromide/Sb2O3 fire retardant, fire-retardant for wood plastic composite, fire resistance is better, but thisWhen fire proofing burning, can produce the gas of a large amount of poisonous and harmful strong and stimulatings, to people's healthy and environmentCause direct, potential and permanent harm. On market, applying more another kind of fire retardant is phosphorus-nitrogen classFire retardant, but this based flame retardant needs the amount of interpolation more in Wood-plastic material, but dispersed and compatibleProperty is poor, thereby flame retarding efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide high, the fire-retardant effect of a kind of mechanical strengthWood-plastic material that fruit is good and preparation method thereof.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of flame-retardant wood-plastic, the parts by weight that comprise following component and each component are respectively: composite flame-retardant agent:10-20 part; PE:30-35 part; Wood powder: 30-65 part; Lubricant: 3-6 part; Described composite flame-retardant agent isThe compound that pentaerythritol phosphate and melamine are synthetic.
Preferably, in described composite flame-retardant agent, the weight portion of pentaerythritol phosphate is 40-60 part, melamineThe weight portion of amine is 40-60 part, and pentaerythritol phosphate and melamine, at 60 DEG C, are stirred to 3-6h,Make both that chemical reaction occur, products therefrom obtains composite flame-retardant agent through 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 3-6h.
Aforementioned lubricants is one or more of stearic acid, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, paraffin.
The preparation method of aforesaid a kind of flame-retardant wood-plastic, comprises the steps:
S1, batch mixing: 30-35 part PE, 30-65 part wood powder and 3-6 part lubricant are placed in to mixer and carry outStir, when stirring, gradation adds 10-20 part composite flame-retardant agent and is uniformly mixed wherein;
S2, granulation: the material that step S1 is mixed is sent into the main spout of dual-screw pelletizer and madeGrain carries out cooling by blast system conveyance conduit in course of conveying;
S3, extrude: the material after step S2 granulation is added and in double screw extruder, carries out extrusion molding,To flame-retardant wood-plastic.
Preferably, in step S1, mixing speed when mixing is 100-300r/min, and mixing temperature is normal temperature.
Preferably, in step S2, dual-screw pelletizer is total arranges Ba Ge district by feedstock direction order, eachThe temperature in district is controlled respectively and is: a district 180-190 DEG C, two district 180-200 DEG C, three district 190-210 DEG C, 4th district220-230 DEG C, five district 220-230 DEG C, six district 190-210 DEG C, seven district 180-200 DEG C, eight district 180-190 DEG C,The temperature range in four He Wu district of districts is identical and the highest.
Preferably, in step S3, double screw extruder is total arranges Si Ge district by feedstock direction order, eachThe temperature in district is controlled respectively and is: a district 195-210 DEG C, two district 200-220 DEG C, three district 180-195 DEG C, 4th district170-190℃。
Usefulness of the present invention is: the present invention is by selecting suitable component and constituent content, simultaneously excellentChange technical process, obtained a kind of flame-retardant wood-plastic material of superior performance. Adopt pentaerythritol phosphate andThe synthetic compound of melamine is as composite flame-retardant agent, and wherein, melamine is source of the gas, pentaerythrite phosphorusAcid esters is acid source and charcoal source, as coupling agent (without adding the coupling agent of maleic anhydride as grafting PE),With the hydroxyl generation ester exchange reaction in wood powder, by chemical bonds, thereby increase the power of plastic-wood materialLearn intensity, significantly reduce the quantity of water imbibition hydroxyl in wood powder simultaneously, make the plastic wood sheet of ultralow water absorption rate,There is again good flame retardant effect simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done to concrete introduction.
Embodiment 1
S1, batch mixing: 35 parts of PE, 39 parts of wood powders and 6 parts of lubricants are placed in to mixer and stir,When stirring, divide wherein and add 20 parts of composite flame-retardant agents for three times and be uniformly mixed, mixing speed is100r/min, gradation adds can further improve the uniformity of mixing, effectively reduces water imbibition hydroxyl in wood powderQuantity, thereby support the Wood plastic boards of ultralow water absorption rate;
S2, granulation: the material that step S1 is mixed is sent into the main spout of dual-screw pelletizer and madeGrain carries out cooling by blast system conveyance conduit in course of conveying; Dual-screw pelletizer is total by charging sideTo order, Ba Ge district is set, the temperature in each district is controlled respectively and is: a district 180-190 DEG C, two district 180-200 DEG C,Three district 190-210 DEG C, four district 220-230 DEG C, five district 220-230 DEG C, six district 190-210 DEG C, 7th district180-200 DEG C, eight district 180-190 DEG C, the temperature range in four He Wu districts of district is identical and the highest, can guarantee like thisTemperature in granulation stage casing is the highest, thus the bending strength the best obtaining;
S3, extrude: the material after step S2 granulation is added and in double screw extruder, carries out extrusion molding,To flame-retardant wood-plastic; Double screw extruder is total arranges Si Ge district by feedstock direction order, and the temperature in each district is dividedKong Zhi not be: a district 195-210 DEG C, two district 200-220 DEG C, three district 180-195 DEG C, four district 170-190 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference part is: the content of (1), raw material components is:10 parts of composite flame-retardant agents, PE30 part, 57 parts of wood powders, 3 parts of lubricants; (2), composite flame-retardant agent at twiceAdd in mixer.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference part is raw material components content: composite flame-retardant agent15 parts, PE30 part, 50 parts of wood powders, 3 parts of lubricants.
Performance Detection
For the present invention is described better, the performance of the Wood-plastic material below each embodiment being obtained is tested,Adopt standard method of test in industry to product carry out bending strength, the modulus of elasticity in static bending, 24h water absorption rate,Oxygen index (OI) and flame retardant rating test, compare in conjunction with comparative example meanwhile, and comparative example is commercial employingThe Wood-plastic material of P-N flame retardant, test result is in table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1-3 and the contrast of comparative example test result
As seen from Table 1, the product that various embodiments of the present invention are prepared, mechanical performance (bending strength and curvedModulus in elasticity in bending) be all better than comparative example, the mechanical strength of Wood-plastic material is significantly promoted; Due to pentaerythritePhosphate, as coupling agent, has not only played the effect of grafting PE, can also with wood powder in hydroxyl generation ester hand overChange reaction, significantly reduced the quantity of water imbibition hydroxyl in wood powder, mould so made the ultralow wood of water absorption rateMaterial; And, the favorable dispersibility of composite flame-retardant agent, simultaneously by optimizing the process for dispersing in preparation process,The fire resistance of product is very good, and environment-protecting asepsis.
More than show and described general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage. The technology people of the industryMember should understand, and above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or equivalence changeThe technical scheme that the mode of changing obtains, all drops in protection scope of the present invention.