CN104072698A - Drug-carrying block macromolecular material with star-shaped and porous structure - Google Patents
Drug-carrying block macromolecular material with star-shaped and porous structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104072698A CN104072698A CN201410321041.0A CN201410321041A CN104072698A CN 104072698 A CN104072698 A CN 104072698A CN 201410321041 A CN201410321041 A CN 201410321041A CN 104072698 A CN104072698 A CN 104072698A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drug-carrying block macromolecular material with a star-shaped and porous structure. A preparation method of the material comprises the steps: synthesizing three-arm or multi-arm star-shaped polylactic acid (SPLA) from L-lactide, which serves as a raw material, by using a classical stannous octoate catalyzed ring opening method, and enabling SPLA to react with bromo-isobutyryl bromide in an ice bath due to the existence of terminal hydroxyl of the polymer, so as to obtain a star-shaped macromolecular initiator SPLA-Br with bromine-terminated functional groups; carrying out ring opening polymerization on the macromolecular initiator and DMA (Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate) according to a certain ratio, so as to obtain a PDMA (Poly Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate) star-shaped block polymer which takes PLA (Polylactic Acid) as a core; and adding PDMA with low molecular weight, and dissolving the block copolymer by using the amphiphilic nature of the block copolymer, thereby forming a nano-scale porous material. The block copolymer has a hexagonal columnar structure, and a continuous phase is PLA, so that the material is provided with nano-scale pores. The material has the following advantages that the material is provided with nano-scale micropores; the defect of the traditional linear PLA materials that the processability is poor is overcome; the material is free from toxic and side effects; the material can serve as a drug carrier material; the material can serve as a medical implant material; and the material can serve as a component material for in-vivo sustained medication devices.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of star block copolymer porous drug carrier, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method with nanometer level microporous block macromolecular material.Belong to polymer chemistry and technical field of polymer.
Background technology
Poly(lactic acid) (Polylactic acid, PLA) be that a new generation of developing rapidly the nineties in 20th century can degradable macromolecular material, it has good biocompatibility, class bio-medical material and environment-friendly materials of food and drug administration (Food and Drug Adiministration, FDA) approval.From the sixties in 20th century, scientific worker starts to pay close attention to the degradation property of poly-lactic acid material, and first using poly-lactic acid material as degradable operation stitching wire material.1966, (the Kricheldorf H. R. such as Kulkarni
chemospherein 2001,43,49-54., propose first: low-molecular-weight PLA can degradation in vivo, and final meta-bolites is CO
2and H
2o, harmless, environmentally safe.Simultaneously, by the research of poly(lactic acid) vivo degradation process is found, the intermediate product lactic acid of degraded is the product of eubolism in body, can not accumulate in vivo, therefore PLA can not produce detrimentally affect to organism after degrading in vivo, has caused thus and has usingd the beginning of this class material as bio-medical material.In recent years, it in medicine sustained and controlled release system, has more and more received the concern of scientists as pharmaceutical carrier.
But common line style poly(lactic acid) (Linear polylactic acid, LPLA) there are some shortcomings, for example its solution and bulk viscosity are higher, degree of crystallinity is large, material fragility is high, thermostability is low and low degradation speed, limited to a certain extent it in the widespread use in the fields such as medical, agricultural and packing, particularly at the application aspect Thermosensitive Material Used for Controlled Releasing of Medicine (Wang L., Dong C. M.
j. Polym. Sci. PDMArt A:Polym. Chem.2006,44 (7), 2226-2236.).Star-like poly(lactic acid) (Star-shaped polylactic acids, SPLA) there is the short and molecular weight advantages of higher of side chain, its solution and bulk viscosity are more much lower than same molecular amount LPLA, mobility and solubility property improve, and its degradation speed is but fast than same molecular amount LPLA, thermostability is higher, is conducive to its processed and applied in the bio-medical materials such as medicament slow release.
No matter although line style or star-like poly-lactic acid material have been widely used in Thermosensitive Material Used for Controlled Releasing of Medicine and tissue engineering material aspect, but the restriction due to himself hydrophobic structure, also part comes with some shortcomings, for example its wetting ability is not good, degradation rate is slower, degradation cycle is difficult to regulation and control, and implant inner posterior quadrant easily adheres to material surface etc.Scientists has been carried out the research of the modification of configuration aspects to PLA material for these problems.In order to increase the wetting ability of PLA, common material modified have polyoxyethylene glycol (Polyethylene glycol, PEG) (Moffatt S., Cristiano R.
j. Int. J. Pharm.2006,317,10-13.), polyvinyl alcohol (Poly vinyl alcohol, PVA), dextran (dextran), chitosan and polypeptide (polypeptide) etc.Because polypeptide (also referred to as polyamino acid) is the biodegradable polymer of a class, have low toxicity, good biocompatibility, biodegradable, easily by body, absorbed and the advantage such as metabolism, Amino Acid Unit structure can be selected, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is adjustable, started to be applied in the study on the modification of poly(lactic acid), but only had seldom report.
On the other hand, multiporous biological degradable material is the brand-new material system that development in recent years is got up, and is a kind of material with network structure consisting of mutual perforation or blind hole hole, and the border of hole or surface consist of pillar or flat board.It has regularly arranged and big or small adjustable pore passage structure, relative density is low, specific tenacity is high, porosity and surface-area large, perviousness and excellent adsorption and good biocompatibility, the features such as environmental friendliness, are all with a wide range of applications with fields such as separated, nanomaterial assembly, biological chemistry, molecular recognition and pharmaceutical carriers in bulky molecular catalysis, absorption.By us, to the consulting of documents and materials, also there is no so far that a kind of poly-lactic acid material has that processing characteristics is high simultaneously, a feature such as wetting ability, good biodegradability, nanometer level microporous, high Drug loading capacity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to set up a kind of preparation method of degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid), this polymer materials has the following advantages: good processability, wetting ability, good biodegradability, nanometer level microporous, high Drug loading capacity.
This poly-lactic acid material is a kind of star-like poly(lactic acid)/PDMA segmented copolymer; Take L-rac-Lactide as raw material, utilize stannous octoate catalysis open loop method to synthesize three arm poly(lactic acid); Prepare macromole evocating agent; With methacrylic acid N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (DMA) carries out atom transfer radical polymerization and obtains take the star block copolymer that PLA is arm as core PDMA; Add lower molecular weight PDMA, utilize the amphiphilic water of segmented copolymer to be dissolved, form nanoscale porous material.
The technology of preparing scheme of porous poly-lactic acid material is as follows:
1) star-like poly(lactic acid) is synthetic
2) macromole evocating agent is synthetic
3) preparation of star block copolymer
By above technical scheme, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) has nano micropore structure capable;
2) degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) has hexagonal columnar structure;
3) degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) has high drug loading amount, and good biocompatibility;
4) degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) has pharmaceutical carrier function and discharges pharmic function, can effectively reduce medicine normal tissue organ toxic side effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vesicular structure schematic diagram of this polymer materials;
Fig. 2 is the electron photomicrograph of this polymer materials.
Embodiment
Provide embodiment below so that the present invention is specifically described; but it is worthy of note that following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, some nonessential improvement that the person skilled in the art in this field makes the present invention according to the invention described above content and adjustment still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
1. prepare star block copolymer
Take L-rac-Lactide as raw material, utilize classical stannous octoate catalysis open loop method to synthesize three arms or multi-arm star-shaped poly(lactic acid), due to the existence of the hydroxyl of polymer ends, react in ice bath with bromo isobutyl acylbromide, obtained the star-like macromole evocating agent SPLA-Br of bromine terminal functionality.Macromole evocating agent and DMA are carried out to ATRP polymerization by a certain percentage, obtain take the star block copolymer of PLA as core PDMA.
2. the sign of star block copolymer material self-assembled structures and performance
The chemical structure of polymkeric substance and shape characteristic are the bases of the every character of Study Polymer Melts.This problem intends utilizing gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nucleus magnetic resonance (NMR) method detect chemical structure and the polymerization degree of polymkeric substance, utilize thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) to study the thermal characteristics of polymkeric substance, the transformation mutually, the liquid crystal behavior that use differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) research segmented copolymer, utilize one dimension, two-dimentional wide-angle x-ray diffraction instrument (WAXD) to determine the phase structure of each segment in segmented copolymer.The star block copolymer proposing in this problem more easily forms micro phase separation structure, can utilize atomic force microscope (AFM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) to observe star block copolymer at the self-assembled structures of substrate surface, utilize little angle one dimension, two-dimentional x-ray diffractometer (SAXS) to study the micro phase separation structure of star block copolymer.
3. the preparation of porous material
Obtain after required poly(lactic acid)/PDMA star block copolymer, we will observe its body self-assembly behavior, mainly study its micro phase separation structure.Because the body microphase-separated self-assembled structures of segmented copolymer is relevant with the relative proportion that forms component, by the impacts of factor on the phase of micro phase separation structure and size such as content, molecular weight of research block component, we can determine may be applicable segmented copolymer to carry out aftertreatment.Particularly for the segmented copolymer that forms (six sides) column phase or co-continuous double helix phase, when material forms nano pore, and micro phase separation structure is arranged when even, material is higher for the release efficiency of medicine, during as embedded material and the contact area of body fluid increase, be conducive to improve the degradation speed of material.We as the impact on material micro phase separation structure such as solvent species, solvent evaporates speed, make the PDMA block in polymkeric substance outside form column or double-spiral structure to obtain top condition research material preparation condition.
By the synthetic PLA-obtaining in a certain amount of lower molecular weight PDMA homopolymer and above-mentioned route
b-PDMA star block copolymer carries out blend, can obtain the hexagonal columnar phase micro phase separation structure that we need, and phase structure can be by confirmations such as low-angle scattering of X-rays and high-resolution electron microscopes.The impact of composition etc. by research blend on the phase of micro phase separation structure and size, we can select suitable blend to carry out aftertreatment.On the other hand, if multipolymer forms co-continuous double helix phase, also may be used as porous material.Then we,, by having the film water treatment of column phase or co-continuous double helix phase structure, dissolve PDMA homopolymer, just obtain the star-like polylactic acid modified porous material containing hydrophilic nano duct, the carrier of useful as drug model compound.
4. porous star block copolymer is as the research of pharmaceutical carrier
This experiment is intended by existence form and the concentration of steady-state fluorescence spectral characterization and mensuration pyrene, with prove this based block copolymer whether can be in water solution system stable micro-molecular compound, and then discharge in EPC liposome, thereby explore this type of macromolecular material as the potential application of pharmaceutical carrier from the complex body of high-molecular block copolymer-pyrene.Main employing steady-state fluorescence spectroscopic analysis: the spectrum of all samples all records by right angle light path in 4 mL cuvettes.The spectrum of solid-state pyrene crystal is measured by solid support.While doing fluorescence emission spectrum mensuration, emission spectrum wavelength region is 350～650 nm, and excitation wavelength is 336 nm.Excitation spectrum records at emission wavelength 374 nm and 470 nm that represent pyrene monomer and excimer transmitting respectively.All scanning exciting light slits are made as 5 nm, and utilizing emitted light slit is made as 2.5 nm, and PMT voltage is all made as 400 volts, and sweep velocity is 240 nm/min, and spectrum correction is all made as opens to eliminate the wavelength dependency of grating and monitor response.Each Sample Scan is averaged for three times.Be determined at 25
ounder C, carry out.
Finally it should be noted that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand, can a minute technical scheme for invention be modified or be replaced on an equal basis, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid), its constitutional features is: described macromolecular material is the star copolymer being formed by hydrophobicity polylactic acid chain segment and the coupling of wetting ability PDMA segment.
2. a method of preparing degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) claimed in claim 1 is carried out as follows:
1) take L-rac-Lactide as raw material, utilize stannous octoate catalysis open loop method to synthesize three arm poly(lactic acid);
2) prepare macromole evocating agent;
3) carry out by a certain percentage ATRP polymerization with DMA, obtain take the star block copolymer of PLA as core PDMA;
4) add lower molecular weight PDMA, utilize the amphiphilic water of segmented copolymer to be dissolved, form nanoscale porous material.
3. the preparation method of a kind of degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) according to claim 2, is characterized in that the catalyzer that in aforesaid method, star-type polymer that step 1) is closed is used is stannous octoate.
4. the preparation method of a kind of degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) according to claim 2, is further characterized in that the polymerization single polymerization monomer that in aforesaid method, step 3) is used is DMA.
5. the preparation method of a kind of degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) according to claim 2, is further characterized in that in the ring-opening polymerization that in aforesaid method, step 3) is carried out and uses isobutyl bromide to carry out polyreaction as initiator.
6. a kind of degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) according to claim 2, is further characterized in that: this macromolecular material is the formed porous material of poly(lactic acid) and PDMA.
7. a kind of degradable multiporous poly(lactic acid) according to claim 2, is further characterized in that: described porous polymer materials has hexagonal columnar structure clearly.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104059206A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-09-24 | 成都市绿科华通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of multifunctional medicinal polylactic acid (PLA) derivative ABC triblock polymer |
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| CN102250290A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-23 | 四川省原子能研究院 | Method for preparing polylactic acid radiation grafting copolymer with electron accelerator |
| CN104059206A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-09-24 | 成都市绿科华通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of multifunctional medicinal polylactic acid (PLA) derivative ABC triblock polymer |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2634830A1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-05 | Labopharm Inc. | Degradable polymeric microsphere composition |
| CN102250290A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-23 | 四川省原子能研究院 | Method for preparing polylactic acid radiation grafting copolymer with electron accelerator |
| CN104059206A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-09-24 | 成都市绿科华通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of multifunctional medicinal polylactic acid (PLA) derivative ABC triblock polymer |
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| WEIZHONG YUAN ET AL: "Synthesis, characterization, and controllable drug release of dendritic star-block copolymer by ring-opening polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization", 《POLYMER》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104059206A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-09-24 | 成都市绿科华通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of multifunctional medicinal polylactic acid (PLA) derivative ABC triblock polymer |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |