The processing method of a kind of salty crab
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of processing of aquatic products, particularly a kind of processing technology of Species of Crustacea, the specifically processing method of a kind of salty crab.
Background technology
Salty crab is the traditional characteristics food in Along The East Coast of Zhejiang And Jiangsu Provinces area, the main crab classes such as swimming crab that adopt fisherman to catch, get the female crab that its stout and strong cream is full, with after the pickled bittern such as salt solution condiment, putting into curing container preserves, by the time need to take out when edible put with rice vinegar etc., both can, for food and drink, can help meal again.
Yet in the preparation method of traditional salty crab, direct salt marsh and without any processing after catching often, after salt marsh also without the direct exposed placement of any packing until edible, the salty crab product that such preparation method obtains is extremely unhygienic, bacterial content is very high, can not preserve for a long time, normally now does cash sale, local sales, make original very high-grade aquatic products lose due value, be difficult to effectively open up market both domestic and external and affected further developing of the sector.
Application number is to disclose a kind of method that improves salty crab preservation term and product quality in 95111581.2 patent, and it specifically soaks fresh crab with disinfection in ClO 2 solution, carries out subsequently salt marsh again.Yet this method can only temporarily reduce the quantity of salty crab bacterium, after by the time bactericide volatilization, its fresh-keeping effect also disappears thereupon, and not killed bacterium still can continue Fast-propagation in preserving process subsequently, of long duration is still difficult to avoid rotten.
Although salty crab processing technology has before been carried out to further improvement in the patent of application number 03151110.1, adopted the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT of vacuum packaging and cold sterilization, but it is guaranteeing to there is no progress aspect the fresh and local flavor of aquatic products, its processing mode adopting remains obvious deficiency for the requirement of permanent preservation simultaneously, also higher for the raw-material requirement of aquatic products, need catch and swimming crab that stout and strong cream is full with fresh.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of the salty crab processing method of tradition, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selecting materials to require low, to adapt to permanent storage and transport needs and meat delicate flavour U.S. new salty crab processing method.
For achieving the above object, the salty crab processing method that the present invention adopts mainly comprises the following steps:
1) washing: the fresh crab catching or freezing crab are cleaned with clear water;
2) pre-preg: adopt the concentrated mixed solution of seawater that mainly contains tealeaves elite, glycine and salt thereof to carry out pre-preg the crab after washing;
3) heating: crab after pre-preg is removed to pre-preg mixed solution, put into hot clear water and heat;
4) fragmentation: the crab after heating is broken in disintegrating apparatus, until crab becomes atherosclerotic fluid;
5) stir dipping: the atherosclerotic fluid after fragmentation and pickled sauce are fully uniformly mixed to rear dipping;
6) encapsulation sterilizing: by after the salty crab encapsulation of having flooded, distill sterilizing, obtain final product.
Preferably, in described step 1) washing, clear water temperature is 2-5 ℃, and washing time is 15-20min;
Preferably, described step 2) in pre-preg, tealeaves elite is that the ratio mix and blend with mass ratio 1:1 is placed in closed container by black tea and yellow rice wine, be heated to 90 ℃ of after fermentation 2 days, use 90 ℃ of hot-water soaks of 30 times of quality of original material with by water soluble ingredient stripping tunning subsequently, obtain the solution that contains tealeaves elite; The concentrated mixed solution of described seawater is first to adopt ion exchange membrane that natural sea-water is concentrated, to obtain brine concentration at the seawater concentrate of 12-15wt%, then by the tealeaves elite solution making before and seawater concentrate by volume 1:1 be mixed, adding glycine and salt thereof so that calculate its content by glycine is 2-3wt% again, the pH value of regulator solution is 6-7 subsequently, finally obtains the concentrated mixed solution of seawater; The time of described pre-preg is 10-15h, and temperature is 5-10 ℃, and the part by weight of the concentrated mixed solution of crab and seawater is 1:2-3;
Further preferred, described black tea is the black brick in Hunan, and described yellow rice wine is shao-hsing rice wine;
Preferably, described step 3) adds hankers, and clear water temperature is 85-90 ℃, and the heat time is 1-2min;
Preferably, described step 5) stirs in dipping, the main component of described pickled sauce and part by weight thereof are, mushroom essence: salt: capsicum: Glucose Liquid: white granulated sugar: enriched soy sauce: pure water=5:5:0.5:5:2:20:50, the part by weight of pickled sauce and atherosclerotic fluid is 1:2-2.5; Described dip time is 1-2 days;
Preferably, in described step 6) encapsulation sterilizing, what described encapsulation adopted is distillation sterilizing bag, and the temperature of described distillation is 110-115 ℃, and distillation time is 15-20min.
The beneficial effect of the inventive method is:
1) clean and used the clear water of lower temperature to clean in advance, make the meat of crab more fresh and tender, particularly for the freezing crab of waiting for death, it can effectively avoid further embrittlement and the sclerosis of crab meat fiber, for subsequent treatment provides assurance.
2) the pre-preg mixed solution adopted applicant's particular arrangement is processed in pre-preg, and the tealeaves elite that wherein black tea and yellow wine fermentation refining obtain is the fishy smell of place to go aquatic products effectively, the growth that the while to a certain extent can anti-bacteria; And the interpolation of glycine and salt thereof can either effectively strengthen the water-retaining property of crab meat, prevent the violent contraction that heating subsequently causes, and then improve dressing percentage, can guarantee enough mouthfeels and local flavor again; In concentrated seawater, contain a large amount of divalent metal ions, can either play the effect of water-retaining property, can soften crab meat again; Meanwhile, pre-preg is processed with mixed solution and is remained on neutrality or omit slant acidity, also can improve water-retaining property, and improve mouthfeel and local flavor.
3) effect of heating can make fragmentation subsequently more easy and abundant, broken can guarantee to flood abundant smooth, the while also make the packing of salty crab and accumulating more convenient.
4) the pickled sauce that dipping adopts is that applicant obtains through repeatedly attempting in a large number summing up, and through the sufficient dipping of appropriateness, can obtain taste excellence, is easy to the salty crab product of preserving.
5) even if distillation sterilization can make salty crab product also can adapt to long accumulating at normal temperature state.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) washing: be that 3 ℃ of clear water clean 20min by water temperature by freezing crab;
2) pre-preg: adopt the concentrated mixed solution of seawater that mainly contains tealeaves elite, glycine and salt thereof to carry out pre-preg the crab after washing; Concrete, tealeaves elite is that the ratio mix and blend with mass ratio 1:1 is placed in closed container by the black brick in Hunan and shao-hsing rice wine, be heated to 90 ℃ of after fermentation 2 days, use 90 ℃ of hot-water soaks of 30 times of quality of original material with by water soluble ingredient stripping tunning subsequently, obtain the solution that contains tealeaves elite; The concentrated mixed solution of described seawater is first to adopt ion exchange membrane that natural sea-water is concentrated, to obtain brine concentration at the seawater concentrate of 12-15wt%, then by the tealeaves elite solution making before and seawater concentrate by volume 1:1 be mixed, adding weight ratio is that glycine and the Sodium Glycinate of 1:1 is 3wt% so that calculate its content by glycine again, the pH value of regulator solution is 6 subsequently, finally obtains the concentrated mixed solution of seawater; The time of described pre-preg is 12h, and temperature is 8 ℃, and the part by weight of the concentrated mixed solution of crab and seawater is 1:2;
3) heating: crab after pre-preg is removed to pre-preg mixed solution, and the clear water of putting into 85 ℃ heats 1.5min;
4) fragmentation: the crab after heating is broken in disintegrating apparatus, until crab becomes atherosclerotic fluid;
5) stir dipping: the atherosclerotic fluid after fragmentation and pickled sauce are fully uniformly mixed to rear dipping; Concrete, the main component of described pickled sauce and part by weight thereof are, mushroom essence: salt: capsicum: Glucose Liquid: white granulated sugar: enriched soy sauce: pure water=5:5:0.5:5:2:20:50, the part by weight of pickled sauce and atherosclerotic fluid is 1:2.5; Described dip time is 1 day;
6) encapsulation sterilizing: the salty crab of having flooded is encapsulated into after distillation sterilizing bag, distills sterilizing 20min at 110 ℃, obtain final product.
As a comparison, comparative example 1A-1F has adopted respectively following fabrication process condition:
Comparative example 1A has adopted normal temperature clear water (25 ℃) to wash;
It is 0.2:1 by the volume ratio of tealeaves elite solution in mixed solution and seawater concentrate that comparative example 1B pre-preg is processed;
It is 1wt% that comparative example 1C calculates its content by glycine, and the pH value of mixed solution is 9;
The hot water temperature of comparative example 1D heating is 70 ℃, and the heat time is 1min;
In comparative example 1E, the part by weight of pickled sauce and atherosclerotic fluid is 1:3, and dip time is 1 day;
The temperature of comparative example 1F distillation sterilizing is 100 ℃, and the time is 10min.
Embodiment 1 and contrast are listed in table 1 for the test result of example 1A-1F.
Table 1
? |
Dressing percentage |
Stretch breaking strength |
Bacterial index |
Fishy smell |
Local flavor |
1 |
89 |
570 |
+ |
+ |
+ |
1A |
82 |
950 |
+ |
+ |
+ |
1B |
88 |
580 |
- |
- |
- |
1C |
79 |
820 |
+ |
+ |
- |
1D |
82 |
1070 |
+ |
+ |
+ |
1E |
88 |
600 |
- |
- |
- |
1F |
87 |
580 |
- |
+ |
+ |
Wherein, in table 1, each test result is described as follows:
Dressing percentage refers to, final salty crab product and the weight ratio (%) between crab raw material;
Stretch breaking strength refers to, before fragmentation, adopts the draw speed of 20mm/min to be broken maximum load value (g) used crab meat after shelling;
Bacterial index refers to, final salty crab product is placed after January at normal temperature (25 ℃), records Escherichia coli and staphylococcic quantity, if quantity is less than 10/g, be qualified (+), over 10/g, is defective (-);
Fishy smell and local flavor refer to, random selection 10 bit test personnel make it respectively tested product be take to embodiment 1 as benchmark compares, and are worse than being designated as of embodiment 1 defective (-), otherwise are qualified (+);
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to the selection of the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and auxiliary element, concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.