CN104064856A - Miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna - Google Patents
Miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN104064856A CN104064856A CN201310084769.1A CN201310084769A CN104064856A CN 104064856 A CN104064856 A CN 104064856A CN 201310084769 A CN201310084769 A CN 201310084769A CN 104064856 A CN104064856 A CN 104064856A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna which mainly solves the problem that the antenna in the prior art cannot realize circular polarization, ultra wideband and miniaturization at the same time. The miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna comprises a transmission line conductor, a radiation unit, a feeder and an antenna base plate. The transmission line conductor uses a metal square tube structure. A cylindrical through hole is arranged in the metal square tube. The radiation unit combines a traditional oscillator and a fractal Koch oscillator. The widths of metal lines of the radiation oscillators are 6mm</=W</=8mm. The metal lines of the radiation oscillators are alternately welded on two metal square tubes of an assembly line in the relationship of sigma. According to the invention, the size of the antenna is 4cm*4cm*5cm; impedance matching of ultra wideband from 2 to 6GHz can be realized; the performance of circular polarization is good; and the miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna has an excellent application foreground in an environment with a harsh demand on the antenna size.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna.
Background technology
Traditional circular polarized antenna form has right-angled intersection a period of time antenna, microstrip antenna, four-arm spiral antenna etc., these antenna mostly is arrowband work, such as right-angled intersection a period of time, the bandwidth of antenna is about 15%, many researchers are with regard to how broadening microstrip antenna circular polarization bandwidth is attempted, such as to paster loading resistor, electric capacity, the technology such as integrating circuit, in addition, synthetic material, organo-metallic material, the new materials such as high-temperature superconductor can be greatly improved as dielectric substrate, but these grades are accompanied by high loss and the expensive shortcoming for cost, and the maximum bandwidth realizing is about 2: 1.Four-arm spiral antenna can be realized wider broadband, but its volume is large and gain is lower, thereby application is subject to certain restrictions.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned existing shortcoming, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of practicality, adopt logarithm period form, realize the characteristic of ultra broadband, the cross oscillator that one is long and the other is short can be realized circularly polarised wave, avoid complicated merit and divided phase shifter, simultaneously because the distance of two supports is gradual changes, realized simply balanced feeding and the impedance transformation in antenna broadband.In addition, antenna uses fractal theory, and low frequency oscillator adopts the form of fractal Koch, has greatly reduced the size of antenna.
For reaching above-described object, a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention is taked following technical scheme:
A kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna, comprise transmission line conductors, radiating element, feeder line and Antenna baseplate, it is characterized in that, Antenna baseplate and the transmission line conductors of at least one are set on described feeder line, the radiating element of at least one is set on described transmission line conductors, described radiating element is paired appearance at each weld, and intersects 90 ° of welding.
The mode that described radiating element adopts traditional oscillator and fractal Koch oscillator to combine, radiating element metal live width is W, and be alternately welded on σ relation on two metal side tubes of assembly line, 0.06≤σ≤0.22,6mm≤W≤8mm, the knuckle of Koch oscillator not etc., 30 °≤θ≤60 °, the dimension scale of seven pairs of radiating elements is τ, 0.8≤τ≤0.97.
Described feeder line adopts coaxial feeding, and coaxial cable carries out feed through a transmission line conductors at top.
Described transmission line conductors adopts metal side tube structure, at the center of rhs-structure, cylindrical hole is set, and coaxial cable is through metal side tube to antenna top, and crust is welded in square tube, and heart yearn is welded on another transmission line conductors on antenna top, carries out feed.
Described Antenna baseplate adopts circular bottom plate, and is soldered to coaxial line crust.
Thereby described two transmission line conductors are realized impedance matching according to certain subtended angle parallel arranged, and the subtended angle of two transmission line conductors is θ, 5 °≤θ≤15 °.
Adopt as above the present invention of technical scheme, there is following characteristic:
Adopt logarithm period form, realized the characteristic of ultra broadband, the cross oscillator that one is long and the other is short can be realized circularly polarised wave, has avoided complicated merit and has divided phase shifter, because the distance of two supports is gradual changes, realized simply balanced feeding and the impedance transformation in antenna broadband simultaneously.In addition, antenna uses fractal theory, and low frequency oscillator adopts the form of fractal Koch, has greatly reduced the size of antenna.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is structural representation end view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is antenna standing wave ratio measured drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the actual measurement directional diagram of antenna spacing frequency of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the axial ratio measured drawing of antenna spacing frequency of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to further illustrate the present invention, further describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, comprise transmission line conductors 1, radiating element 2, feeder line 3 and Antenna baseplate 4, Antenna baseplate 4 and the transmission line conductors 1 of at least one are set on feeder line 3, the radiating element 2 of at least one is set on transmission line conductors 1, radiating element 2 is paired appearance at each weld, and intersects 90 ° of welding.The mode that radiating element 2 adopts traditional oscillator and fractal Koch oscillator to combine, radiating element 2 metal live widths are W, and be alternately welded on σ relation on two metal side tubes of assembly line, 0.06≤σ≤0.22,6mm≤W≤8mm, the knuckle of Koch oscillator not etc., 30 °≤θ≤60 °, the dimension scale of seven pairs of radiating elements 2 is τ, 0.8≤τ≤0.97.Feeder line 3 adopts coaxial feeding, and coaxial cable carries out feed 5 through a transmission line conductors 1 at top.Transmission line conductors 1 adopts metal side tube structure, at the center of rhs-structure, cylindrical hole is set, and coaxial cable is through metal side tube to antenna top, and crust is welded in square tube, and heart yearn is welded on another transmission line conductors 1 on antenna top, carries out feed 5.Antenna baseplate 4 adopts circular bottom plate, and is soldered to coaxial line crust.Thereby two transmission line conductors 1 are realized impedance matching according to certain subtended angle parallel arranged, and the subtended angle of two transmission line conductors is θ, 5 °≤θ≤15 °.
A kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, transmission line conductors 1 is metal side tube structure, square tube diameter is 2mm, interiorly beats the through hole that diameter is 1.3mm.The dimension scale of seven pairs of radiating elements 2 is τ=0.895, distance between radiating element 2 is alternately welded on according to σ=0.15 relation on two metal side tubes of assembly line, the live width W of radiating element is taken as 0.6mm, and the Koch knuckle of radiating element is respectively 44 °, 32 °, 60 °, 58 °.
In order to realize balanced feeding and impedance matching, allow coaxial cable penetrate into top from a metal side tube through hole wherein and carry out feed, coaxial cable crust is welded on this metal tube, coaxial cable core wire is soldered on another root metal side tube at Base top contact, then by two metal side tubes with 12 ° of angles side by side, thus ensured the impedance matching of antenna in required frequency range.In order to obtain better more symmetrical directional diagram, Antenna baseplate 4 adopts circular base plate, and thickness is 1.5mm, and diameter is taken as 30mm, distance below the outer skin-deep welding of oscillator 18mm place and coaxial line, so also reinforced whole antenna.
A kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, transmission line conductors 1 is metal side tube structure, square tube diameter is 2.5mm, interiorly beats the through hole that diameter is 1.3mm.The dimension scale of seven pairs of radiating elements 2 is τ=0.8, distance between radiating element 2 is alternately welded on according to σ=0.18 proportionate relationship on two metal side tubes of assembly line, the live width W of radiating element is taken as 0.6mm, and the Koch knuckle of radiating element is respectively 48 °, 32 °, 58 °, 60 °.In order to realize balanced feeding and impedance matching, allow coaxial cable penetrate into the distributing point at top in the air from a square tube wherein, coaxial cable crust is welded on this metal tube, coaxial cable heart yearn is soldered on another root metal side tube at Base top contact, then by two metal side tubes with 13 ° of angles side by side, thus ensured the impedance matching of antenna in required frequency range.In order to obtain better more symmetrical directional diagram, Antenna baseplate 4 adopts circular base plate, and thickness is 1.5mm, and diameter is taken as 30mm, distance below the outer skin-deep welding of oscillator 18mm place and coaxial line, so also reinforced whole antenna.
A kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, transmission line conductors 1 is metal side tube structure, square tube diameter is 2mm, interiorly beats the through hole that diameter is 1.5mm.Seven pairs of radiating elements 2 are of a size of τ=0.85, distance between radiating element 2 is alternately welded on according to σ=0.18 proportionate relationship on two metal side tubes of assembly line, the live width W of radiating element 2 is taken as 0.8mm, and the Koch knuckle of radiating element 2 is respectively 45 °, 30 °, 60 °, 58 °.In order to realize balanced feeding and impedance matching, allow coaxial cable penetrate into the distributing point at top in the air from a square tube wherein, coaxial line crust is welded on this metal tube, coaxial cable heart yearn is soldered on another root metal side tube at Base top contact, then by two metal side tubes with 10 ° of angles side by side, thus ensured the impedance matching of antenna in required frequency range.In order to obtain better more symmetrical directional diagram, Antenna baseplate 4 adopts circular base plate, and thickness is 1.5mm, and diameter is taken as 35mm, distance below the outer skin-deep welding of oscillator 18mm place and coaxial line, so also reinforced whole antenna.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, antenna working frequency range is 2GHz～6GHz, tests its standing-wave ratio at microwave dark room with Agilent 8753ES, measured result is as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from Figure 3, the standing-wave ratio of antenna of the present invention in whole frequency range: VSWR≤3: 1.
As Fig. 4, a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, measure antenna radiate pattern at Airlink3D microwave dark room, measured result as shown in Figure 4, the actual measurement directional diagram that wherein Fig. 4 (a) is f=2GHz, the actual measurement directional diagram that Fig. 4 (b) is f=4GHz, the actual measurement directional diagram that Fig. 4 (c) is f=6GHz.Antenna of the present invention all has good directional diagram at low-and high-frequency end as seen from Figure 4.
As Fig. 5, a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna of the present invention, at microwave dark room, be operated in 2GHz by repeatedly rotating one week this antenna of test of a linear polarization horn antenna, 4GHz, the half space Circular polarization ratio of 6GHz, result is as shown in Figure 5, wherein Fig. 5 (a) is the axial ratio measured drawing of antenna x-z face height frequency, and Fig. 5 (b) is the axial ratio measured drawing of antenna y-z face height frequency.60 °～90 °, the elevation angle of antenna of the present invention as seen from Figure 5, axial ratio is less than 6dB, and the Circular polarization ratio in principal direction is about 2.5dB, presents good circular polarization effect.
More than show and described general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna, comprise transmission line conductors, radiating element, feeder line and Antenna baseplate, it is characterized in that, Antenna baseplate and the transmission line conductors of at least one are set on described feeder line, the radiating element of at least one is set on described transmission line conductors, described radiating element is paired appearance at each weld, and intersects 90 ° of welding.
2. a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mode that described radiating element adopts traditional oscillator and fractal Koch oscillator to combine, radiating element metal live width is W, and is alternately welded on σ relation on two metal side tubes of assembly line, 0.06≤σ≤0.22,6mm≤W≤8mm, the knuckle of Koch oscillator not etc., 30 °≤θ≤60 °, the dimension scale of seven pairs of radiating elements is τ, 0.8≤τ≤0.97.
3. a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described feeder line adopts coaxial feeding, and coaxial cable carries out feed through a transmission line conductors at top.
4. a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described transmission line conductors adopts metal side tube structure, center at rhs-structure arranges cylindrical hole, coaxial cable passes metal side tube to antenna top, crust is welded in square tube, and heart yearn is welded on another transmission line conductors on antenna top, carries out feed.
5. a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Antenna baseplate adopts circular bottom plate, and is soldered to coaxial line crust.
6. according to a kind of miniature ultra wide band circular polarization fractal antenna described in claim 3 and 4, it is characterized in that, thereby described two transmission line conductors are realized impedance matching according to certain subtended angle parallel arranged, and the subtended angle of two transmission line conductors is θ, 5 °≤θ≤15 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310084769.1A CN104064856A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna |
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| CN201310084769.1A CN104064856A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Miniaturized ultra wideband circular polarization fractal antenna |
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| CN104064856A true CN104064856A (en) | 2014-09-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107579338A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2018-01-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of broadband circle polarized log-periodic antenna |
| CN112803167A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-14 | 西安方元明科技股份有限公司 | Double-frequency log periodic antenna for jammer |
-
2013
- 2013-03-18 CN CN201310084769.1A patent/CN104064856A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107579338A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2018-01-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of broadband circle polarized log-periodic antenna |
| CN112803167A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-14 | 西安方元明科技股份有限公司 | Double-frequency log periodic antenna for jammer |
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Application publication date: 20140924 |