CN104064105A - Large vertical type unit vertical coaxiality measuring and adjusting experimental device and experimental method - Google Patents
Large vertical type unit vertical coaxiality measuring and adjusting experimental device and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a large vertical type unit vertical coaxiality measuring and adjusting experimental device and experimental method. The device comprises a supporting platform, a bearing socket component, four bearing socket dislocation adjusting devices, four bearing socket inclination adjusting devices, a gate-type centering frame and a vertical coaxiality measuring system. The supporting platform supports the bearing socket component through the four bearing socket inclination adjusting devices which are evenly distributed in the circumference of the upper portion of the supporting platform; the bearing socket component and a vertical type unit bearing socket are equivalent in size and mode, the bearing socket component is made of cast iron, and the bearing socket is internally provided with an upper spigot and a lower spigot which are used for installation and positioning of a bearing body. The four bearing socket dislocation adjusting devices are located at the lower portion of the bearing socket component, are fixed to the supporting platform, are evenly distributed on the inner side of the bearing socket component, abut against the periphery of the inner wall of the bearing socket component and are used for adjusting dislocation of the bearing socket component. According to the method, the vertical coaxiality of the bearing socket is measured through an electroacoustic method, a student can adjust the bearing socket while monitoring the bearing socket through a dial indicator at the corresponding position, the measuring and adjusting precision is high, the method is easy and convenient to implement, and the actual requirements of the student in practice and engineering process can be completely met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement test unit and the method for the vertical right alignment of a kind of vertical rotating mechanical axis nest, especially large-scale vertical unit vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment device and experimental technique.
Background technology
The vertical right alignment of guide bearing axle nest and motor stator is the important parameter that the rotary machines such as vertical water turbine unit and water pump assembly are installed, and affects the stability of unit operation and the permanance of bearing.After unit casing parts liftings, need to measure the vertical right alignment of calculating lower shaft nest seam and vertical machine stator on water pump or the hydraulic turbine, check whether coaxiality error meets installation specification requirement.Coaxiality error shows as and two aspects of dislocation.If error is excessive, need to adjust.Adjusting the vertical right alignment of processing axle nest often needs associated enclosure parts to carry out backing-off cutting and translation.Therefore, the vertical coaxality measurement adjustment in prototype unit installation process needs for a long time, and workload is large, and technical requirement is high.In power station or the student of pumping plant workshop practice or student, it is few that the practice of short time contacts the chance that vertical coaxality measurement adjusts, can not experience overall process, and more difficult participating, practice weak effect, in the urgent need to a set of special experimental provision and experimental technique.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention does not have the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of large-scale vertical unit device at present for overcoming exactly, need to arrive device context and learn vertical coaxality measurement method of adjustment, because learning time cannot guarantee, results of learning are poor, cause the vertical coaxality measurement of large-scale vertical unit to adjust the low shortcoming of precision.The present invention has designed and produced a set of experimental provision and experimental technique of adjusting for vertical coaxality measurement, and equipment cost is low, be easy to implement, easy row, effective.
For realizing above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of a kind of large-scale vertical unit device is provided, comprises support platform, axle nest parts, axle nest dislocation adjusting gear, axle nest inclination adjusting device coaxial measuring system vertical with radio-acoustic method; Described support platform is by the weight that circumferential equally distributed four axle nest inclination adjusting devices support described axle nest parts that is on it; Axle nest component sizes and form are suitable with vertical unit axle nest, and axle nest parts are cylinder iron made, and have upper and lower twice for bearing body being installed to the seam of location in axle nest; Four axle nest dislocation adjusting gears are positioned at axle nest parts bottom, are fixed in support platform, are evenly distributed, for adjusting the dislocation of axle nest parts in axle nest parts inner side near axle nest parts inwall surrounding; The vertical coaxial measuring system of described radio-acoustic method comprises that gate-type is asked heart frame, triangle ladder, asked heart device and adjusting gear thereof, oil drum, wire, battery, earphone and the micrometer inside caliper of piano wire, weight, charge of oil; Gate-type asks heart frame to be fixed on basis, ground with foot bolt, be used for installing and fixedly ask heart device, ask and on heart device, hang piano wire and weight, triangle ladder asks with gate-type that heart frame is separated not to be contacted, and piano wire, asks heart device, wire, battery, earphone and micrometer inside caliper to form current return.
Described axle nest inclination adjusting device is screw jack.
Described axle nest dislocation adjusting gear is spiral thimble.
Described gate-type asks four legs, crossbeam and the braces that heart frame is made by steel pipe to form.
This experimental provision copies prototype unit key position to make, can allow student or student take action on one's own to test, the overall process that can experience preparation, measurement, calculating, adjustment in the short time and check, improve efficiency of teaching and teaching efficiency, when the student who trains through this experimental provision carries out vertical coaxality measurement and adjusts, precision improves greatly.
The present invention also provides the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of large-scale vertical unit method, comprises following three experimental techniques:
(1) the piano wire experiment that centers: the vertical coaxial measuring system piano wire of radio-acoustic method lower end hangs weight, abundant stretching piano wire.Weight is placed in the oil of oil drum.Measure and adjust the vertical right alignment of axle nest, following seam is benchmark, first, by measuring, piano wire is moved to the center of seam under axle nest.On tested four of east, south, west, norths of the upper and lower seam of axle nest measuring point, with slate pencil, finish testing position, in order to avoid shift in position causes personal error during repetition measurement.First with ruler rough measure, adjust piano wire to seam center under axle nest.Selection can be measured the micrometer inside caliper of the appropriate length of axle nest radius, micrometer inside caliper afterbody leans against on axle nest seam, micrometer inside caliper head swings up and down on one side in vertical plane, one side is adjusted screw rod and extended gradually, when its head contacts with piano wire just, current return moment connection, earphone is sounded, and now micrometer inside caliper reading is this surveyed azimuth axis nest seam and the distance between piano wire.The distance of Si Ge orientation, seam east, south, west, north and piano wire under the accurate measurement of difference axle nest, calculate the deviation value at piano wire seam center under thing and north and south both direction off-axis nest, be piano wire meticulous center need to be in thing and North and South direction shift value.Asking upper planker and the lower planker end face in two orientation in 90 ° of heart device, level is installed dial gauge and is monitored shift value respectively, and upper planker and the lower planker of heart device asked in translation respectively, piano wire moved to the center of seam under axle nest, repetition measurement piano wire is at the center of lower seam, and its error meets code requirement;
(2) axle nest inclination measurement and regulation experiment: by the distance of seam and Si Ge orientation, lower seam east, south, west, north and piano wire on radio-acoustic method measurement axle nest, on reference axis nest, the value of piano wire is departed from seam center and lower seam center at thing and north and south both direction respectively respectively.If in a direction, the value of upper and lower seam misalignment piano wire differs larger, illustrates that axle nest is inclined upwardly the party.Reference axis nest, at the tilting value of thing, north and south both direction, is calculated as and adjusts the value that axle nest is tilted in the required rising of one side of axle nest parts or reduction respectively.Utilize axle nest inclination adjusting device, adjust axle nest and tilt, and monitor and adjust the value that side raises or reduces with dial gauge.Repetition measurement axle nest should be vertical, and its error meets code requirement;
(3) axle nest dislocation is measured and regulation experiment: measure respectively the distance of seam and Si Ge orientation, lower seam east, south, west, north and piano wire on axle nest, on reference axis nest, the value of piano wire is departed from seam center and lower seam center at thing and north and south both direction respectively.If in a direction, the value of upper and lower seam misalignment piano wire is all larger, but upper seam deviation value and lower seam deviation value be more or less the same, and illustrates that axle nest does not upwards tilt substantially the party, but has larger dislocation.Reference axis nest is in the dislocation value of thing, north and south both direction respectively, and this is adjusts the axle nest parts shift value on thing, north and south both direction respectively, determines translation orientation.Utilize axle nest dislocation adjusting gear, the dislocation of axle nest is adjusted in translation, in translation orientation, with dial gauge, monitors shift value.Repetition measurement axle nest dislocation value should make zero, and its error meets code requirement.
This experimental technique adopts radio-acoustic method to measure the vertical right alignment of axle nest, and lift heavy hammer below piano wire, is for abundant stretching piano wire, guarantees measuring accuracy; Weight is placed in the oil of oil drum, is that the glutinousness of oil plays damping action to weight, can recover as early as possible plateau for when weight and piano wire rock.The method is simple, to axle nest, tilts to adopt screw rod jacking or the reduction of homemade screw jack to adjust, and to axle nest, dislocation adopts the thimble pushing tow translation on homemade spiral thimble to adjust.Before adjustment, adjusting position installation dial gauge, monitor rise (decline) or translation adjusted value.The method measurement and adjustment precision are high, can meet actual demands of engineering completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of axle nest of the present invention apparatus structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that axle nest parts tilt, dislocation adjusting gear partial enlarged drawing.
In figure, 1-support platform; 2-axle nest inclination adjusting device; 2a-inclination adjusting device pedestal; 2b-inclination adjusting device screw rod; 3-axle nest parts; 3a-seam; 4-axle nest dislocation adjusting gear; 4a-dislocation adjusting gear riser; 4b-dislocation adjusting gear thimble; 5-gate-type is asked heart frame; 6-asks heart device and adjusting gear thereof; 7-piano wire; 8-weight; 9-oil drum; 10-wire; 11-battery; 12-earphone; 13-micrometer inside caliper; 14-foot bolt.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
In experimental provision of the present invention, support platform 1 is the circumferentially weight of equally distributed four axle nest inclination adjusting device 2 back shaft nest parts 3 by its top.Support platform 1 need to have enough strength and stiffness for supporting and adjust axle nest parts 3.Axle nest parts 3 sizes are suitable with the vertical unit axle of prototype nest with form, and inwall is provided with the precision machined seam 3a of twice, for bearing body is installed to location, are also that this experimental provision is measured the benchmark of adjusting vertical right alignment.Axle nest parts 3 require to have enough strength and stiffness, guarantee to measure while adjusting indeformable.Axle nest inclination adjusting device 2 is homemade screw jack, by inclination adjusting device pedestal 2a and inclination adjusting device screw rod 2b two parts, formed, utilize the inclination of spanner rotation inclination adjusting device screw rod 2b adjustable axle nest parts 3, adjust rising or reduction value and monitor with dial gauge.Four axle nest dislocation adjusting gears 4 are homemade spiral thimble, are positioned at axle nest parts 3 bottoms, are fixed in support platform 1, in axle nest parts 3 inner sides, near axle nest parts 3 inwalls, in surrounding, are evenly distributed.Spiral thimble is comprised of misplace adjusting gear riser 4a and dislocation adjusting gear thimble 4b two parts, operates the dislocation of adjustable axle nest parts 3 by the pushing tow of dislocation adjusting gear thimble 4b, and the shift value of adjusting dislocation monitors with dial gauge.
The vertical coaxial measuring system of radio-acoustic method comprises that gate-type is asked heart frame 5, triangle ladder, asked heart device and adjusting gear 6 thereof, piano wire 7, weight 8, oil drum 9, wire 10, battery 11, earphone 12, micrometer inside caliper 13.Gate-type is asked heart frame 5 overall height 2.0～3.0m, with foot bolt 14, is fixed on basis, ground, for piano wire 7 and the weight 8 of fixedly asking heart device 6 and hanging is installed, need to have enough rigidity.Triangle ladder climbs up and adjusts translation and ask the upper planker of heart device and the position that lower planker adjustment is asked heart device piano wire for tester.Triangle ladder requires to ask with gate-type that heart frame 5 is separated not to be contacted, in order to avoid cause, asks the displacement of heart frame and rocks, and affects measuring accuracy.Piano wire 7, ask heart device 6, wire 10, battery 11, earphone 12 and micrometer inside caliper 13 to form current returns.During actual measurement, selection can be measured the micrometer inside caliper 13 of the appropriate length of axle nest radius, micrometer inside caliper 13 afterbodys lean against on axle nest seam 3a, head swings up and down in vertical plane, and extend gradually, when its head contacts with piano wire 7 just, loop moment connection, earphone 12 is sounded, and now micrometer inside caliper 13 readings are surveyed this azimuth axis nest seam 3a and the distance (being commonly called as " radius value ") between piano wire 7.Piano wire 7 is lift heavy hammer 8 below, is for abundant stretching piano wire 7, guarantees measuring accuracy.Weight 8 is placed in the oil of oil drum 9, is that the glutinousness of oil plays damping action to weight 8, can recover as early as possible plateau for when weight 8 and piano wire 7 rock.
Adopt experimental provision of the present invention to carry out before the vertical coaxality measurement adjustment of axle nest, according to accompanying drawing, by experimental provision and survey instrument calibration accuracy, the vertical coaxality measurement adjustment process of axle nest is as follows:
1, the piano wire experiment that centers: piano wire hangs weight 87 times, abundant stretching piano wire 7, weight 8 is placed in the oil of oil drum 9, on tested axle nest 3, lower seam 3a east, south, west, on four measuring points in north, with slate pencil, finish testing position, in order to avoid shift in position causes personal error during repetition measurement, selection can be measured the micrometer inside caliper 13 of the appropriate length of axle nest radius, micrometer inside caliper 13 afterbodys lean against on axle nest seam 3a, take seam 3a as adjusting the benchmark of vertical right alignment, micrometer inside caliper 13 heads swing up and down on one side in vertical plane to be adjusted screw rod on one side and extends gradually, when its head contacts with piano wire 7 just, current return moment connection, earphone 12 is sounded, now micrometer inside caliper 13 readings are surveyed this azimuth axis nest seam 3a and the distance between piano wire 7, measure respectively the distance in Si Ge orientation, seam 3a east, south, west, north and piano wire 7 under axle nest and be respectively b
e, b
s, b
w, b
n, as shown in table 1.The deviation value that calculates piano wire 7 seam 3a center under thing and north and south both direction off-axis nest is respectively
Piano wire west is inclined to one side:
b
EW＝(b
E－b
W)/2 (1)
Piano wire north is inclined to one side:
b
SN＝(b
S－b
N)/2 (2)
B
eW, b
sNbe piano wire 7 center need to be in thing and North and South direction shift value, piano wire translation direction:
East-west direction: translation b eastwards
eWmm (if negative, reality translation westwards);
North and South direction: translation b to the south
sNmm (if negative, reality translation northwards).
Asking upper planker and the lower planker end face in 6 two orientation in 90 ° of heart device, level is installed dial gauge and is monitored shift value, upper planker and the lower planker of heart device 6 asked in translation respectively, piano wire 7 is moved to seam 3a center under axle nest, repetition measurement piano wire 7 should be at lower seam 3a center, and its error meets code requirement.
Table 1 piano wire is fixed survey record list position, seam center: mm
| Orientation | East | West | Thing is poor | South | North | North and south is poor |
| Lower seam | b E | b W | b EW | b S | b N | b SN |
2, axle nest inclination measurement regulation experiment: measure respectively the distance of seam and Si Ge orientation, lower seam 3a east, south, west, north and piano wire 7 on axle nest and be respectively a
e, a
s, a
w, a
nand b
e, b
s, b
w, b
n, as table 2, on reference axis nest, the value a of piano wire 7 is departed from seam center and lower seam center at thing and north and south both direction respectively
eW, a
sNand b
eW, b
sN.If in a direction, the value of upper and lower seam misalignment piano wire 7 differs larger, if i.e. east-west direction a
eW-b
eWabsolute value is larger, or North and South direction a
sN-b
sNabsolute value is larger, illustrates that axle nest is inclined upwardly the party.Be calculated as and adjust axle nest sloping shaft nest parts 3 respectively in the required rising of a side of thing, north and south both direction or the value of reduction.If the distance of seam and lower seam is h on axle nest, axle nest parts overall diameter is D, and rising or the reduction value of east-west direction and North and South direction axle nest inclination adjusting device are respectively
The orientation that judgement raises or reduces, utilizes axle nest inclination adjusting device raise or reduce, and adjusts axle nest and tilts, and adjust with dial gauge monitoring arrangement the value that side raises or reduces.Repetition measurement axle nest should be vertical, and its error meets code requirement.
The vertical coaxality measurement of table 2 axle nest record sheet unit: mm
3, regulation experiment is measured in axle nest dislocation: measure respectively the distance of seam and Si Ge orientation, lower seam 3a east, south, west, north and piano wire 7 on axle nest and be respectively a
e, a
s, a
w, a
nand b
e, b
s, b
w, b
n, as table 2, on reference axis nest, the value a of piano wire 7 is departed from seam center and lower seam center at thing and north and south both direction respectively
eW, a
sNand b
eW, b
sN.If in a direction, the value of upper and lower seam misalignment piano wire 7 is all larger, but upper seam deviation value and lower seam deviation value be more or less the same, if i.e. east-west direction a
eWwith b
eWbe worth closely, and absolute value is all larger, or North and South direction a
sNwith b
sNbe worth closely, and absolute value is all larger, illustrates that axle nest does not upwards tilt substantially the party, but has larger dislocation with respect to piano wire.Respectively reference axis nest is in the shift value of thing, north and south both direction:
Determine translation orientation, utilize axle nest dislocation adjusting gear, the dislocation of axle nest is adjusted in translation, and with dial gauge, monitors shift value in translation orientation.Repetition measurement axle nest dislocation value should make zero, and its error meets code requirement.
Claims (5)
1. the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of a large-scale vertical unit device, is characterized in that, comprises support platform, axle nest parts, axle nest dislocation adjusting gear, axle nest inclination adjusting device coaxial measuring system vertical with radio-acoustic method; Described support platform is by its top the weight that circumferential equally distributed four axle nest inclination adjusting devices support described axle nest parts; Axle nest component sizes and form are suitable with vertical unit axle nest, and axle nest parts are cylinder iron made, and have upper and lower twice for bearing body being installed to the seam of location in axle nest; Four axle nest dislocation adjusting gears are positioned at axle nest parts bottom, are fixed in support platform, are evenly distributed, for adjusting the dislocation of axle nest parts in axle nest parts inner side near axle nest parts inwall surrounding; The vertical coaxial measuring system of described radio-acoustic method comprises that gate-type is asked heart frame, triangle ladder, asked heart device and adjusting gear thereof, oil drum, wire, battery, earphone and the micrometer inside caliper of piano wire, weight, charge of oil; Gate-type asks heart frame to be fixed on basis, ground with foot bolt, for installing, fixedly asks heart device; Ask and on heart device, hang piano wire and weight; Triangle ladder asks with gate-type that heart frame is separated not to be contacted; Piano wire, ask heart device, wire, battery, earphone and micrometer inside caliper to form current return.
2. the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of large-scale vertical unit according to claim 1 device, is characterized in that: described axle nest inclination adjusting device is screw jack.
3. the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of large-scale vertical unit according to claim 1 device, is characterized in that: described axle nest dislocation adjusting gear is spiral thimble.
4. the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of large-scale vertical unit according to claim 1 device, is characterized in that: described gate-type asks four legs, crossbeam and the braces that heart frame is made by steel pipe to form.
5. the vertical coaxality measurement regulation experiment of a large-scale vertical unit method, is characterized in that: the experimental procedure that comprises following three kinds of experiments:
(1) the piano wire experiment that centers: under piano wire, hang weight, abundant stretching piano wire, weight is placed in the oil of oil drum; On tested four of east, south, west, norths of the upper and lower seam of axle nest measuring point, with slate pencil, finish testing position, in order to avoid shift in position causes personal error during repetition measurement; Selection can be measured the micrometer inside caliper of the appropriate length of axle nest radius, micrometer inside caliper afterbody leans against on axle nest seam, micrometer inside caliper head swings up and down on one side in vertical plane to be adjusted screw rod on one side and extends gradually, when its head contacts with piano wire just, current return moment connection, earphone is sounded, and now micrometer inside caliper reading is this surveyed azimuth axis nest seam and the distance between piano wire; Measure respectively the distance in Si Ge orientation, seam east, south, west, north and piano wire under axle nest, calculate the deviation value at piano wire seam center under thing and north and south both direction off-axis nest, be piano wire center need to be in thing and North and South direction shift value; Asking upper planker and the lower planker end face in two orientation in 90 ° of heart device, level is installed dial gauge and is monitored shift value, and upper planker and the lower planker of heart device asked in translation respectively, piano wire moved to the center of seam under axle nest, repetition measurement piano wire should be at the center of lower seam, and its error meets code requirement;
(2) axle nest inclination measurement and regulation experiment: measure respectively the distance of seam and Si Ge orientation, lower seam east, south, west, north and piano wire on axle nest, on reference axis nest, the value of piano wire is departed from seam center and lower seam center at thing and north and south both direction respectively; If in a direction, the value of upper and lower seam misalignment piano wire differs larger, illustrate that axle nest is inclined upwardly the party, reference axis nest is at the tilting value of thing, north and south both direction respectively, be calculated as and adjust the value that axle nest is tilted in the required rising of one side of axle nest parts or reduction, utilize axle nest inclination adjusting device, adjust axle nest and tilt, and the value that raises or reduce with the adjustment of dial gauge monitoring arrangement; Repetition measurement axle nest should be vertical, and its error meets code requirement;
(3) axle nest dislocation is measured and regulation experiment: measure respectively the distance of seam and Si Ge orientation, lower seam east, south, west, north and piano wire on axle nest, on reference axis nest, the value of piano wire is departed from seam center and lower seam center at thing and north and south both direction respectively, if in a direction, on, the value of lower seam misalignment piano wire is all larger, but upper seam deviation value and lower seam deviation value are more or less the same, illustrate that axle nest does not upwards tilt substantially the party, but there is larger dislocation, reference axis nest is at thing respectively, the dislocation value of north and south both direction, this is adjusts axle nest dislocation axle nest parts respectively at thing, shift value on the both direction of north and south, determine translation orientation, utilize axle nest dislocation adjusting gear, the dislocation of axle nest is adjusted in translation, and with dial gauge, monitor shift value in translation orientation, repetition measurement axle nest dislocation value should make zero, its error meets code requirement.
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| CN109282735A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-29 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic generator stator surveys round frame central detection device and detection method |
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|---|---|
| CN104064105B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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