CN104062402B - A kind of sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104062402B CN104062402B CN201410224396.8A CN201410224396A CN104062402B CN 104062402 B CN104062402 B CN 104062402B CN 201410224396 A CN201410224396 A CN 201410224396A CN 104062402 B CN104062402 B CN 104062402B
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit and detection method.Pick-up unit is made up of elution device, filtration unit and iron stand, and elution device connects the grass tube of bottom by top drip washing bottle and shower nozzle is formed, and grass tube is equipped with operation valve; Filtration unit filters post by inside and outer glass post is formed, and have thin river sand in inner filter post, elution device is placed in filtration unit top, and the shower nozzle of elution device stretches into the top of filtration unit inside filter post, and the outer glass post of filtration unit is placed on iron stand.Sample sets and control group are set during inspection, each sample thief adds in this filtration unit, and often group arranges three repetitions, then in drip washing bottle, adds distilled water, by shower nozzle with the process of the form simulation rainfall of drip irrigation, collect leacheate by filtration unit and calculate control mistake rate.Very well, test error is less, and testing result is more accurate for testing result repeatability of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit and detection method.
Background technology
According to ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, chemical fertilizer drop into account for peasant carry out plant husbandry produce total drop into about 50%, 50% effect coming from chemical fertilizer in China's increases in grain production.But China's this season utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is only 20% ~ 35% at present, and the utilization factor of phosphate fertilizer is 10% ~ 20%, and the utilization factor of potash fertilizer is 30% ~ 60%, utilizes level far below World Developed Countries.The low huge waste not only causing resource of utilization rate of fertilizer, returns the environment that the mankind depend on for existence and causes severe contamination.Therefore the sustained-release fertilizer material of environment-friendly type has become the emphasis of Fertilizer development.
At present, the detection for sustained-release fertilizer material there is no corresponding national standard, and the quality of sustained-release fertilizer material can not accurately control.The current detection for sustained-release fertilizer material control mistake rate adopts and is placed in filtration unit by sample, the method that simulated rainfall detects fertilizer nutrient turnover rate is carried out, only have simple filtration unit and comparatively extensive course control method for use, in the process of simulated rainfall, strict control is not carried out to inflow and inlet method, between each detection easily there is error in result, affects the accuracy of testing result.So, develop a kind of more accurately, the detection method of easier, more advanced sustained-release fertilizer control mistake rate is very important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve existing detection method deficiency, provide a kind of detection method of slow control mistake type complex fertilizer control mistake rate, the method has easy to detect, and detection method is advantage accurately.
Pick-up unit of the present invention is made up of elution device, filtration unit and iron stand, and elution device connects the grass tube of bottom by top drip washing bottle and shower nozzle is formed, and grass tube is equipped with operation valve; Filtration unit filters post by inside and outer glass post is formed, and has thin river sand in inner filter post, and inner filter post upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, and many drainage seams that 0.5-0.6mm is wide, 2-3cm is long are arranged at bottom, and outer glass post upper end is uncovered, lower end closed; Elution device is placed in filtration unit top, and the shower nozzle of elution device stretches into the top of filtration unit inside filter post, and the outer glass post of filtration unit is placed on iron stand.
Rubber plug is had between the drip washing bottle and grass tube of elution device.
Inner filter post upper end-face edge has a broadside, make its can frame on outside glass column.
Detection method is: adopt pick-up unit described above, the high thin river sand of 20-22cm is loaded by inside filter post, a pitting is dug in dust devil central authorities, make it formation center to sink, then a small amount of powdered samples is added in sand pit, make it to be positioned at center as far as possible, and then cover the thin river sand of 5-6cm up, at the bottom of elution device bottle upwards, shower nozzle is downward, and little shower nozzle is stretched into 5-6cm in filtration unit; Sample sets and control group are set during inspection, control group is ordinary compound fertilizer, sample sets is control mistake type complex fertilizer, respectively getting 1g sample adds in this filtration unit, often group arranges three repetitions, then in drip washing bottle, 150mL distilled water is added, open operation valve, by shower nozzle with the process of the form simulation rainfall of drip irrigation, added by distilled water in filtration unit, in 5min, no liquid is dripped by the time, leacheate is settled to 250mL, detect wherein total nutrient content according to GB15063-2009, calculate control mistake rate, the computing formula of control mistake rate is:
X=（x
1-x
2）/x
1×100%
In formula: X---control mistake rate;
X
1---control group leaching liquor total nutrient content;
X
2---sample sets leaching liquor total nutrient content.
Pick-up unit of the present invention and detection method are compared with other detection method, upper part adds elution device, current are controlled by operation valve, spray through shower nozzle again, closer to the Precipitation Process of the Nature, and current detection method is all directly add water toward filtration unit, and the water yield is excessive too urgent, easily the fertilizer detected is formed and wash away, affect Detection results.The design of filtration unit ideally can be combined with elution device, and the Precipitation Process realized close to the Nature operates, and operation is upper more convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sustained-release fertilizer material structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is filter apparatus configuration schematic diagram in sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is elution device structural representation in sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit of the present invention.
In figure: 1-elution device, 2-filtration unit, 3-iron stand, 4-operation valve, 5-shower nozzle, 6-inside filter post, 7-sample, 8-outer glass post, the thin river sand of 9-, 10-grass tube, 11-rubber plug, 12-drip washing bottle.
Embodiment
Sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit of the present invention is made up of elution device 1, filtration unit 2 and iron stand 3, and elution device connects the grass tube 10 of bottom by top drip washing bottle 12 and shower nozzle 5 is formed, and grass tube is equipped with operation valve 4; Filtration unit 2 is filtered post 6 and outer glass post 8 by inside and is formed, and has thin river sand 9 in inner filter post, and inner filter post upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, and bottom has 12, and to be about 0.5mm wide, the drainage seam that 2cm is long, and outer glass post upper end is uncovered, lower end closed; Elution device is placed in filtration unit top, and the shower nozzle of elution device stretches into the top of filtration unit inside filter post, and the outer glass post of filtration unit is placed on iron stand.Rubber plug 11 is had between the drip washing bottle and grass tube of elution device.Inner filter post upper end-face edge has a broadside, make its can frame on outside glass column.
Operation and detection method are: preparing a diameter is 10cm, column part height is the drip washing bottle of 15cm, bottle mouth position clogs with rubber plug, rubber plug inserts a grass tube, conduit mouth is concordant with bottom rubber plug, conduit has a by-pass valve control, can control whether discharge opeing, the conduit other end connects the little shower nozzle that a diameter is 4.5cm, as shown in Figure 3.Prepare filtration unit, outside is long 47cm, and diameter is the outer glass post of 5cm, and upper end is uncovered, lower end closed; Inner filter column length 35cm, diameter is 4.75cm, and upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, as shown in Figure 2.In inside filter post, load the thin river sand of 400g, be about 20cm high, dig a pitting in dust devil central authorities, make it formation center to sink, then a small amount of powdered samples is added in sand pit, make it to be positioned at center as far as possible, and then cover the thin river sand of 100g up, be about 5cm, be arranged on iron stand by elution device and filtration unit, shower nozzle is downward at the bottom of elution device bottle upwards, little shower nozzle is stretched into about 5cm in filtration unit, after device has combined as shown in Figure 1.
Arrange sample sets and control group during inspection, control group is ordinary compound fertilizer, and sample sets is control mistake type complex fertilizer, and wherein, ordinary compound fertilizer is not for adding control mistake type fertilizer additive, but other compositions are with to control in mistake type complex fertilizer identical.Respectively getting 1g sample adds in this filtration unit, often group arranges three repetitions, then in drip washing bottle, add 150mL distilled water, open operation valve, by shower nozzle with the process of the form simulation rainfall of drip irrigation, distilled water is added in filtration unit, by the time in 5min, no liquid is dripped, and leacheate is settled to 250mL, detects wherein total nutrient content according to GB15063-2009, calculate control mistake rate, the computing formula of control mistake rate is:
X=（x
1-x
2）/x
1×100%
In formula: X---control mistake rate;
X
1---control group leaching liquor total nutrient content;
X
2---sample sets leaching liquor total nutrient content.
Testing result is as follows:
Repeat one: 64.7%, repeat two: 65.3%, repeat three: 63.7%, mean value is 64.6%.
As can be seen from test findings, very well, test error is less, and testing result is more accurate for testing result repeatability of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit, is characterized in that being made up of elution device, filtration unit and iron stand, and elution device connects the grass tube of bottom by top drip washing bottle and shower nozzle is formed, and grass tube is equipped with operation valve; Filtration unit filters post by inside and outer glass post is formed, and has thin river sand in inner filter post, and inner filter post upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, and many drainage seams that 0.5-0.6mm is wide, 2-3cm is long are arranged at bottom, and outer glass post upper end is uncovered, lower end closed; Elution device is placed in filtration unit top, and the shower nozzle of elution device stretches into the top of filtration unit inside filter post, and the outer glass post of filtration unit is placed on iron stand.
2. sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that there is rubber plug between the drip washing bottle and grass tube of elution device.
3. sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that inner filter post upper end-face edge has a broadside.
4. the detection method of a sustained-release fertilizer material, it is characterized in that with sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit according to claim 1, be carried out as follows: in inside filter post, load the high thin river sand of 20-22cm, dig a pitting in dust devil central authorities, make it formation center and sink, then a small amount of powdered samples is added in sand pit, make it to be positioned at center as far as possible, and then cover the thin river sand of 5-6cm up, at the bottom of elution device bottle upwards, shower nozzle is downward, shower nozzle is stretched into 5-6cm in filtration unit, sample sets and control group are set during inspection, control group is ordinary compound fertilizer, sample sets is control mistake type complex fertilizer, respectively getting 1g sample adds in this filtration unit, often group arranges three repetitions, then in drip washing bottle, 150mL distilled water is added, open operation valve, by shower nozzle with the process of the form simulation rainfall of drip irrigation, distilled water is added in filtration unit, by the time the thin river sand no liquid in 5min inner filtration device is dripped, leacheate is settled to 250mL, wherein total nutrient content is detected according to GB15063-2009, calculate control mistake rate, the computing formula of control mistake rate is:
X=（x
1-x
2）/x
1×100%
In formula: X---control mistake rate;
X
1---control group leaching liquor total nutrient content;
X
2---sample sets leaching liquor total nutrient content.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410224396.8A CN104062402B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit and detection method |
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| CN201410224396.8A CN104062402B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of sustained-release fertilizer material pick-up unit and detection method |
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| CN104062402A CN104062402A (en) | 2014-09-24 |
| CN104062402B true CN104062402B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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| CN110542605A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-06 | 中国农业大学 | Device for evaluating fertilizer nutrient release and leaching and using method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101493404A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2009-07-29 | 安徽省帝元生物科技有限责任公司 | Method for detecting loss-controlling rate of fertiliser nutrient loss-controlling agent agent |
| CN202033343U (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2011-11-09 | 山东农业大学 | Simple experimental device used for simulating soil column leaching and volatilization |
| CN103323382A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Device for measuring leaching loss amount of fertilizer and water retaining effect of soil water-retaining agent |
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2014
- 2014-05-26 CN CN201410224396.8A patent/CN104062402B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101493404A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2009-07-29 | 安徽省帝元生物科技有限责任公司 | Method for detecting loss-controlling rate of fertiliser nutrient loss-controlling agent agent |
| CN202033343U (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2011-11-09 | 山东农业大学 | Simple experimental device used for simulating soil column leaching and volatilization |
| CN103323382A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-09-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Device for measuring leaching loss amount of fertilizer and water retaining effect of soil water-retaining agent |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 包膜控释肥料养分释放速率测定方法的研究;熊又升等;《华中农业大学学报》;20001031;第19卷(第5期);第442页及图1 * |
| 有机-无机复合材料胶结包膜型缓/控释肥料的研制及评价;肖强;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库（工程科技Ⅰ辑）》;20071115;第31-34页及图3.1 * |
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