CN104062224A - Measuring device for elasticity modulus of granular sludge and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Measuring device for elasticity modulus of granular sludge and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104062224A CN104062224A CN201410277267.5A CN201410277267A CN104062224A CN 104062224 A CN104062224 A CN 104062224A CN 201410277267 A CN201410277267 A CN 201410277267A CN 104062224 A CN104062224 A CN 104062224A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device for elasticity modulus of granular sludge, which is used for measuring the vertical deformation amount of the granular sludge under certain acting force. The invention further discloses a measuring method for the elasticity modulus of the granular sludge. The measuring method comprises the following steps: establishing a solid model of the granular sludge in ANSYS software, combining with the data measured by the measuring device, and utilizing the software to automatically analyze and solve so as to obtain the elasticity modulus of the granular sludge. The measuring device comprises a base and a fixed bracket, wherein the base is provided with an electronic scale for measuring the downward acting force of load of the granular sludge to be measured; a dial gauge for measuring the vertical deformation amount generated by the granular sludge to be measured is fixedly arranged right above the base by the fixed bracket; a measuring rod of the dial gauge is vertical to an object-carrying platform of the electronic scale, and a measuring head is upward; and a force-applying mechanism for applying the downward acting force on the measuring head is fixedly arranged above the measuring head by the fixed bracket. The measuring device and the measuring method have the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the use is convenient, so that the application in sewage treatment can be wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to elastic modulus analysis and testing technology field, relate in particular to measurement mechanism and the measuring method of the granule sludge elastic modulus forming in biological wastewater treatment process.
Background technology
In field of waste water treatment, floc sludge is cultivated into granule sludge to be conducive to holding of microorganism and to stay, strengthened the processing power to pollutant, because granule sludge easily disintegrates, therefore necessary to the plasto-elasticity analysis of granule sludge, elastic modulus is an important physical of granule sludge.
Granule sludge is the graininess active sludge being formed by microorganism self-cohesion action, and grain size is about 1～3mm, easily broken, contains more moisture content, and physical strength is lower, and the distortion that deformation produces is less.
Granule sludge stress condition is one of key factor affecting granule sludge stability, by further investigate particle surface is stressed comprehensively, and in conjunction with granule interior force analysis, to set up the bridge between stressed and stability, thereby can set up the response mechanism of operational elements and grain pattern stability, this will provide theoretical foundation and guidance for quantitatively controlling its stability, and these inner force analysis all depend on the mensuration to the elastic modulus of granule sludge.
At present, the device of existing mensuration elastic modulus is mainly used in the larger construction materials of shape such as measuring metal, concrete, ground, cannot measure the elastic modulus of the molecules such as granule sludge.Published Patents is all for measuring the physical strength of granule sludge, complex structure, cost of manufacture is high, can not measure the miniature deformation amount that granule sludge produces under small power effect, cannot carry out plasto-elasticity (elastic modulus) and finite element analysis.
Summary of the invention
For not measuring at present the device of granule sludge elastic modulus and the present situation of measuring method, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, with low cost, device and the measuring method of measurement granule sludge elastic modulus easy to use, can be widely used in wastewater treatment.
Because granule sludge is difficult to measure its bulk strain under acting force, cannot calculate the elastic modulus of granule sludge, so the invention provides a kind of measurement mechanism, first measure the vertical deformation amount of granule sludge under acting force, the present invention further provides a kind of measuring method, by set up the solid model of granule sludge in ANSYS software, in conjunction with the measured data of apparatus of the present invention, utilize software automatic analysis to solve the elastic modulus that obtains described granule sludge.
Take for achieving the above object following technical scheme:
A kind of measurement mechanism of granule sludge elastic modulus, comprise base and fixed support, it is characterized in that, described base is provided with for measuring the electronic balance of the downward acting force of granule sludge load to be measured, directly over described electronic balance, by fixed support, be installed with for measuring the clock gauge of the vertical deformation amount of granule sludge generation to be measured, the measuring staff of described clock gauge is perpendicular to the article carrying platform of electronic balance, and gauge head upward, described gauge head top is provided with for apply the force application mechanism of downward acting force to gauge head; Described force application mechanism is fixed by fixed support.
Described force application mechanism is comprised of inner thread sleeve and bolt, and described sleeve is installed on fixed support, and described bolt comprises bolt head and have externally threaded screw rod, and described sleeve coordinates with screw flight.
A measuring method for granule sludge elastic modulus, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) get described granule sludge, by measurement mechanism, measure described granule sludge at the vertical deformation amount H necessarily producing under directed force F vertically downward
0, and measure the radius R of described granule sludge;
(2) in ANSYS finite element analysis software, set up granule sludge finite element model, described granule sludge finite element model is spheroid, and radius value is step (1) radius R, and Poisson ratio span is 0.45-0.5; Directly over described granule sludge finite element model and under set up with granule sludge solid model and form circumscribed top board and lower platen; Described upper and lower pressing plate Elastic Modulus Values is not less than 10000, Poisson ratio value 0.28-0.30; Described pressing plate is square, and the length of side is 2R;
(3) in ANSYS finite element analysis software, apply a pressure P to described top board upper surface, to granule sludge, apply a whole pressure P; Described pressure P=F/4R
2; The assumed value E of input flexibility modulus in ANSYS finite element analysis software, makes the corresponding vertical direction deflection H showing in ANSYS finite element analysis software
1with the deflection H in step (1)
0unanimously; Described elastic modulus assumed value E, is the elastic modulus of granule sludge to be measured.
Described granule sludge finite element model and upper and lower pressing plate all adopt SOLID186 unit.
Described granule sludge finite element model unit length of side value is not more than 0.30mm.
The present invention has following beneficial effect with respect to prior art:
Measurement mechanism of the present invention is first measured the vertical deformation amount of granule sludge under certain effect power, measuring method of the present invention, by set up the solid model of granule sludge in ANSS software, in conjunction with the measured data of apparatus of the present invention, utilize software automatic analysis to obtain the elastic modulus of described granule sludge.This measurement mechanism has the advantages such as simple in structure, easy to use, cost is lower, dirigibility is large, and this measuring method has the advantages such as easy-to-use, quick, accurate.Made up the defect that existing apparatus can only be used for measuring the construction material that the shapes such as metal, concrete, rock are larger.Be applicable to being applied in wastewater treatment to aerobic and plasto-elasticity (elastic modulus) and finite element analysis anaerobic grain sludge.
Adopt measurement mechanism of the present invention and measuring method, can measure easily and fast the elastic modulus of granule sludge, and its stress condition is analyzed, for setting up the response mechanism of operational elements and grain pattern stability, provide foundation, for cultivating stable particle mud, provide concrete optimal selection scheme.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of granule sludge elastic modulus measurement mechanism of the present invention
Fig. 2 is that granule sludge model and grid are divided
Number in the figure:
1-force application mechanism; 2-clock gauge; ; 3-electronic balance; 4-cross bar; 6-column; 7-link; 8-base; 9-top board; 10-granular model; 11-lower platen; 12 sleeves, 13 bolt heads, 14 screw rods, 21 gauge heads, 22 measuring staffs, 23 table parts, 24 shells.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 measurement mechanism of the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, apparatus of the present invention comprise base 8 and fixed support, base is provided with for measuring the electronic balance 3 of the downward acting force of mud granule load to be measured, directly over electronic balance, by fixed support, be installed with for measuring the clock gauge 2 of the deflection of the vertical direction that mud granule to be measured produces, the measuring staff 22 of clock gauge is perpendicular to the article carrying platform of electronic balance, and gauge head 21 upward, gauge head top is provided with for apply the force application mechanism of downward acting force to gauge head; Force application mechanism is comprised of inner thread sleeve 12 and bolt, and sleeve is installed on fixed support, and bolt comprises bolt head 13 and have externally threaded screw rod 14, and sleeve coordinates with screw flight.
In the present embodiment, bolt adopts M4*150 model bolt; It is the Electronic Digital Micrometer of 0-12.7mm range that clock gauge adopts specification, and clock gauge comprises gauge head 21, measuring staff 22, table part 23 and shell 24; Electronic balance adopts ten thousand/balance of OHAUS forerunner CP214 model, and maximum capacity value is 210g; Fixed support comprises base, column 6, link 7 and cross bar 4, column is vertically fixed on described base, cross bar is connected by link and column are vertical, and one end of cross bar is fixedly connected with the female sleeve being communicated with up and down of tool, and the sidewall of sleeve is provided with the female fixed orifice of tool.Link is rectangular parallelepiped iron block, the through hole that is provided with the through hole being communicated with up and down for being fixedly connected with column and is communicated with for the left and right being fixedly connected with cross bar, and the sidewall of through hole is provided with the female fixed orifice of tool.
Apparatus of the present invention using method is as follows:
1) preparation of mud sample: choose 20ml granule sludge in double dish, select some diameters at the granule sludge of 1～3mm left and right, standby.
2) adjust granule sludge elastic modulus measurement mechanism, make being centered close on a vertical line of force application mechanism, clock gauge, electronic balance, and bolt contact with clock gauge gauge head, measuring staff lower end is positioned at above electronic balance about 1cm.
3) connect the power supply of electronic balance, carry out leveling, correction, zeroing.
4) get single granule sludge to be measured on microslide, microslide is placed on to the objective table central authorities of electronic balance, press electronic balance " peeling " button and make to show zero setting.
5) be rotated down that bolt promotes gauge head and measuring staff moves downward, at measuring staff lower end and granule sludge to be measured, when just contact load is zero state, read the initial reading of clock gauge; Continue to be rotated down described application of force bolt, promote the described measuring staff extruding granule sludge of surveying, extruding makes the deflection of the vertical direction of surveyed granule sludge generation read by clock gauge, and its value is H
0, unit is mm; The m value that extruding makes the downward directed force F of granule sludge load to be measured be read by electronic balance calculates, and computing formula is F=mg/1000, and wherein the unit of F is N, and m unit is g.
Embodiment 2 measuring method of the present invention:
Specifically comprise the steps:
6) get 10 of granule sludges to be measured, adopt measurement mechanism as shown in Figure 1 to measure respectively each granule sludge at the distortion H of the vertical direction necessarily producing under directed force F vertically downward
0, measure the radius R of each granule sludge, adopt in the present embodiment Motic Images Advanced graphics software to measure the radius R of granule sludge.
7) in ANSYS finite element analysis software, set up granule sludge solid model, as shown in Figure 2, consider the most similar ellipse of granule sludge or spheroid, solid model 10 adopts the spheroid of radius R, top board 9 is established in spheroid top, is equivalent to the lower surface of clock gauge measuring staff in measurement mechanism; Pressing plate 10 is set in spheroid below, is equivalent to microslide in measurement mechanism and the objective table of electronic balance.Pressing plate is square, and the length of side is 2R.Spheroid and upper and lower pressing plate all adopt SOLID186 unit.
8) in ANSYS finite element analysis software, input the material properties parameter of solid model: the Elastic Modulus Values of pressing plate is not less than 10000, in the present embodiment, value is 2 * 10
9; Poisson ratio value be equivalent to measuring staff material therefor Poisson ratio 0.28-0.30, in the present embodiment, value is 0.3; The water cut of considering granule sludge is greater than 90%, and in the present embodiment, the Poisson ratio value of granule sludge is 0.48, the arbitrary value within the scope of certain also desirable 0.45-0.50; Solid model is carried out to grid division, and unit length of side value is not more than 0.30mm, and in the present embodiment, the unit length of side is 0.25mm, to generate finite element model.
9) upper surface at the top board of model applies evenly load, the P value of this evenly load value for being calculated by the measured F value of above-mentioned measurement mechanism, and computing formula is P=F/4R
2, the assumed value E of the elastic modulus of input model, the deflection of the vertical direction of the corresponding generation of model is H, when H is greater than or less than H
0time, increase respectively or reduce E, make the measured H of H and measurement mechanism
0unanimously, the E that now inputted thinks the elastic modulus of surveyed granule sludge.In the present embodiment " unanimously " refer to that H is at H
0in ± 10% scope.
10) 10 elastic modulus Es that granule sludge obtains by above-mentioned steps respectively, see the following form 1.Because got granule sludge there are differences and experimental error, cast out the larger data of deviation in experimental data, cast out the 1st, 7,10 groups of data, average for other 7 groups, calculating elastic modulus is 0.21MPa, is the representative elastic mould value of surveyed granule sludge.
The elastic modulus of table 1 granule sludge
The command stream of the embodiment of the present invention modeling and solution procedure in ANSYS finite element analysis software is as shown below:
FINISH
/CLEAR
/FILN,Aerobic Granular Sludge,1
/TITLE,Aerobic Granular Sludge
/PMETH,OFF,0
KEYW,PR_SET,1
KEYW,PR_STRUC,1
! * * * * * * * * * setting parameter * * * * * * * * * *
A R=0.97! Particle radius (mm)
A H=1.4! Cushion block height coefficient
An E1=0.2! Particle elastic modulus (MPa)
A NU1=0.48! Particle Poisson ratio
An E2=2E+9! Cushion block elastic modulus (MPa)
A NU2=0.3! Cushion block Poisson ratio
A P=0.001164! Evenly load (MPa)
A R0=0.25! Cell size
! * * * * * * * * * * pre-treatment * * * * * * * * * * *
/PREP7
ET, 1 a, SOLID186! Cell type
KEYOPT,1,2,1
KEYOPT,1,3,0
KEYOPT,1,6,0
KEYOPT,1,10,0
MP,EX,1,E1
MP,NUXY,1,NU1
MP,EX,2,E2
MP,NUXY,2,NU2
!------set up model------
SPH4,0,0,R,0
BLOCK,-R,R,R,R*H,-R,R
BLOCK,-R,R,-R*H,-R,-R,R
VSBW,ALL
WPROTA,0,0,90
VSBW,ALL
WPROTA,0,90,0
VSBW,ALL
VSEL,S,LOC,Y,-R,R
CM,SPHERE,VOLU
ALLSEL,ALL
VSEL,U,,,SPHERE
CM,CUSHION,VOLU
VSEL,S,,,SPHERE
VATT,1,,1
VSEL,S,,,CUSHION
VATT,2,,1
ALLSEL,ALL
ESIZE, a R0! Manual grid division
MSHAPE,0,3D
MSHKEY,1
VMESH,ALL
ALLSEL,ALL
!------touch controls------
MP,MU,1,0.3
MAT,1
MP,EMIS,1,7.88860905221e-031
R,3
REAL,3
ET,2,170
ET,3,174
R,3,,,1.0,0.1,0,
RMORE,,,1.0E20,0.0,1.0,
RMORE,0.0,0,1.0,,1.0,0.5
RMORE,0,1.0,1.0,0.0,,1.0
KEYOPT,3,4,0
KEYOPT,3,5,3
KEYOPT,3,7,0
KEYOPT,3,8,0
KEYOPT,3,9,0
KEYOPT,3,10,2
KEYOPT,3,11,0
KEYOPT,3,12,0
KEYOPT,3,2,0
KEYOPT,2,5,0
ASEL,S,,,1
ASEL,A,,,7
ASEL,A,,,12
ASEL,A,,,38
TYPE,2
NSLA,S,1
ESLN,S,0
ESLL,U
ESEL,U,ENAME,,188,189
NSLE,A,CT2
ESURF
ASEL,S,,,42
ASEL,A,,,47
ASEL,A,,,50
ASEL,A,,,54
TYPE,3
NSLA,S,1
ESLN,S,0
NSLE,A,CT2
ESURF
ALLSEL,ALL
MP,MU,1,0.3
MAT,1
MP,EMIS,1,7.88860905221e-031
R,4
REAL,4
ET,4,170
ET,5,174
R,4,,,1.0,0.1,0,
RMORE,,,1.0E20,0.0,1.0,
RMORE,0.0,0,1.0,,1.0,0.5
RMORE,0,1.0,1.0,0.0,,1.0
KEYOPT,5,4,0
KEYOPT,5,5,3
KEYOPT,5,7,0
KEYOPT,5,8,0
KEYOPT,5,9,0
KEYOPT,5,10,2
KEYOPT,5,11,0
KEYOPT,5,12,0
KEYOPT,5,2,0
KEYOPT,4,5,0
ASEL,S,,,2
ASEL,A,,,8
ASEL,A,,,13
ASEL,A,,,39
TYPE,4
NSLA,S,1
ESLN,S,0
ESLL,U
ESEL,U,ENAME,,188,189
NSLE,A,CT2
ESURF
ASEL,S,,,57
ASEL,A,,,62
ASEL,A,,,67
ASEL,A,,,71
TYPE,5
NSLA,S,1
ESLN,S,0
NSLE,A,CT2
ESURF
ALLSEL,ALL
KEYOPT,3,4,1
KEYOPT,3,2,3
KEYOPT,5,4,1
KEYOPT,5,2,3
FINISH
! * * * * * * * * * * * solves * * * * * * * * * * * *
/SOL
ANTYPE,0
ASEL,S,LOC,Y,R*H
SFA,ALL,,PRES,P
ASEL,S,LOC,Y,-R*H
DA,ALL,UY
KSEL,S,LOC,Y,-R*H
KSEL,R,LOC,X,0
KSEL,R,LOC,Z,0
DK,ALL,,,,0,UX,UZ,,,,,
OUTPR,BASIC,ALL,
/GST,1
TSRES,ERASE
OUTRES,ALL,ALL,
SOLCONTROL,ON,0,NOPL
TIME,1
AUTOTS,-1
KBC,0
NCNV,2
CNVTOL,,-1,23
CNVTOL,F,,0.001,2,-0.1
LNSRCH,-1
OUTPR,BASIC,ALL,
/GST,1
SOLCONTROL,ON,1,
DELTIM,1e-005,1e-008,0.1,1
NSUBST,1e5,1e8,10,1
ALLSEL,ALL
SOLVE
FINI
! * * * * * * * * * * aftertreatment * * * * * * * * * * *
/POST1
PLNSOL,U,Y
NSEL,S,LOC,Y,R*H
NSEL,R,LOC,X,0
NSEL,R,LOC,Z,0
PRNSOL,U,Y。
Claims (5)
1. the measurement mechanism of a granule sludge elastic modulus, comprise base and fixed support, it is characterized in that, described base is provided with for measuring the electronic balance of the downward acting force of granule sludge load to be measured, directly over described electronic balance, by fixed support, be installed with for measuring the clock gauge of the vertical deformation amount of granule sludge generation to be measured, the measuring staff of described clock gauge is perpendicular to the article carrying platform of electronic balance, and gauge head upward, described gauge head top is provided with for apply the force application mechanism of downward acting force to gauge head; Described force application mechanism is fixed by fixed support.
2. the measurement mechanism of granule sludge elastic modulus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described force application mechanism is comprised of inner thread sleeve and bolt, and described sleeve is installed on fixed support, described bolt comprises bolt head and have externally threaded screw rod, and described sleeve coordinates with screw flight.
3. a measuring method for granule sludge elastic modulus, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) get described granule sludge, by measurement mechanism, measure described granule sludge at the vertical deformation amount H necessarily producing under directed force F vertically downward
0, and measure the radius R of described granule sludge;
(2) in ANSYS finite element analysis software, set up granule sludge finite element model, described granule sludge finite element model is spheroid, and radius value is step (1) radius R, and Poisson ratio span is 0.45-0.5; Directly over described granule sludge finite element model and under set up with granule sludge solid model and form circumscribed top board and lower platen; Described upper and lower pressing plate Elastic Modulus Values is not less than 10000, Poisson ratio value 0.28-0.30; Described pressing plate is square, and the length of side is 2R;
(3) in ANSYS finite element analysis software, apply a pressure P to described top board upper surface, to granule sludge, apply a whole pressure P, described pressure P=F/4R
2; The assumed value E of input flexibility modulus in ANSYS finite element analysis software, makes the corresponding vertical direction deflection H showing in ANSYS finite element analysis software
1with the deflection H in step (1)
0unanimously; Described elastic modulus assumed value E, is the elastic modulus of surveyed granule sludge.
4. the method for measurement granule sludge elastic modulus according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described granule sludge finite element model and upper and lower pressing plate all adopt SOLID186 unit.
5. the method for measurement granule sludge elastic modulus according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described granule sludge finite element model unit length of side value is not more than to 0.30mm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610241123.3A CN105928868B (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of measuring method of granule sludge elasticity modulus |
| CN201410277267.5A CN104062224B (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of measurement mechanism of granule sludge elastic modelling quantity and measuring method thereof |
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| CN201410277267.5A CN104062224B (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of measurement mechanism of granule sludge elastic modelling quantity and measuring method thereof |
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| CN201610241123.3A Division CN105928868B (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of measuring method of granule sludge elasticity modulus |
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| CN104062224B CN104062224B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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| CN201410277267.5A Expired - Fee Related CN104062224B (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of measurement mechanism of granule sludge elastic modelling quantity and measuring method thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006111559A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Sika Technology Ag | Device and method for ultrasonically determining the dynamic elastic modulus of a material |
| CN101344469A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-01-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Particle sludge intensity measuring instrument and method |
| CN103196781A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-10 | 杭州师范大学 | Measuring method and device for mechanical strength of granular sludge |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2526501A4 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2017-09-20 | Firehole Technologies | Automated method to determine composite material constituent properties |
| JP5266366B2 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-08-21 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Rubber material simulation method |
| CN102323976B (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2014-04-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Shrinkage creep and prestress loss computation method of concrete bridge |
| CN103321656B (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-14 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel pipe piece designing method taking double-liquid synchronous grouting layer performance degradation into consideration |
| CN103439177B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-12-07 | 金陵科技学院 | Cement paste macroscopic elastic modulus computational methods in early days under uniaxial force state |
| CN103605832B (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2016-10-05 | 上海工程技术大学 | The method that prediction human calf is distributed for garment pressure |
-
2014
- 2014-06-19 CN CN201610241123.3A patent/CN105928868B/en active Active
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006111559A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Sika Technology Ag | Device and method for ultrasonically determining the dynamic elastic modulus of a material |
| CN101344469A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-01-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Particle sludge intensity measuring instrument and method |
| CN103196781A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-10 | 杭州师范大学 | Measuring method and device for mechanical strength of granular sludge |
Also Published As
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| CN105928868B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
| CN104062224B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN105928868A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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