CN104056828A - Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 8
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007039 two-step reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及热等离子体高温下的反应工程领域，特别涉及一种热等离子体反应器的清焦方法。The invention relates to the field of thermal plasma reaction engineering at high temperature, in particular to a coke cleaning method for a thermal plasma reactor.
背景技术Background technique
随着石油资源的逐渐耗竭和油价的不断上涨，人们纷纷将目光投向资源更加丰富的煤。乙炔作为可从煤中大量获取的基础化工原料，对石油及乙烯下游产品有很好的替代性。我国生产乙炔的方法有电石水解法和甲烷部分氧化法两种，前者生产流程长、CO2排放量大、污染严重，后者则受限于国内有限的天然气资源。With the gradual depletion of oil resources and rising oil prices, people have turned their attention to coal, which is richer in resources. As a basic chemical raw material that can be obtained in large quantities from coal, acetylene is a good substitute for downstream products of petroleum and ethylene. There are two ways to produce acetylene in China: calcium carbide hydrolysis and partial methane oxidation. The former has a long production process, large CO2 emissions and serious pollution, while the latter is limited by the limited domestic natural gas resources.
热等离子体裂解煤制乙炔技术利用热等离子体高温(＞3000K)、高焓、富含活性粒子的特点，首先将煤粉通入热等离子体中，使其快速升温热解、释放出挥发分，并发生毫秒级裂解反应，裂解气淬冷后可得到乙炔为主要成分的裂解气。该技术用水量少、不额外产生CO2、也无严峻的废水处理问题，是一种典型的清洁、高效煤转化过程，具有很好的发展前景。Thermal plasma cracking coal to acetylene technology utilizes the characteristics of thermal plasma high temperature (>3000K), high enthalpy, and rich in active particles. Firstly, coal powder is passed into thermal plasma to rapidly heat up and pyrolyze and release volatile matter. , and a millisecond-level cracking reaction occurs, and the cracked gas can be obtained after the cracked gas is quenched with acetylene as the main component. This technology consumes less water, does not produce additional CO 2 , and does not have severe wastewater treatment problems. It is a typical clean and efficient coal conversion process and has a good development prospect.
目前对热等离子体裂解煤、烃类等富含碳氢化合物原料制乙炔的机理及工艺研究已基本成熟，美国、德国和中国还分别建立了1～5MW热等离子体裂解煤制乙炔中试装置，开展了大量的工程研究工作，证明了该技术的经济可行性。At present, the research on the mechanism and process of thermal plasma pyrolysis of coal, hydrocarbons and other hydrocarbon-rich raw materials to produce acetylene has been basically mature. The United States, Germany and China have also established 1-5MW thermal plasma pyrolysis coal to acetylene pilot plants. , carried out extensive engineering research work to prove the economic feasibility of the technology.
但是在煤粉进入等离子体反应器内，在发生裂解反应过程中，反应器内壁不断有结焦物生成并逐渐变厚，造成反应器内壁的直径缩小，增加气体流动的阻力，极大地破坏系统运行的稳定性，严重影响着该技术的工业化。因此，如何彻底、高效的清焦成为产业化过程中急需解决的关键问题。However, when the pulverized coal enters the plasma reactor, during the cracking reaction, the inner wall of the reactor is continuously formed with coke and gradually becomes thicker, causing the diameter of the inner wall of the reactor to shrink, increasing the resistance of the gas flow, and greatly disrupting the operation of the system. The stability seriously affects the industrialization of this technology. Therefore, how to clean the coke thoroughly and efficiently has become a key problem that needs to be solved urgently in the process of industrialization.
常用的清焦方法包括物理清焦和化学清焦。物理清焦法，如机械清焦或激波清焦，机械清焦法是采用刮削器清除结焦物，优点是不影响反应器的连续运行，缺点是刮削器易烧损，且对材料要求很高。化学清焦法是向反应器中通入氧气或水(水蒸气)，直接与壁面的结焦物反应，达到快速清焦的目的。其中，氧气清焦法的反应器结构简单、容易实现，但若通入的氧气与氢气混合时操作不当，有爆炸的危险；水(水蒸气)清焦法效果虽好，但能耗较高，水蒸气冷凝还容易引起设备短路，存在安全隐患。Commonly used coke cleaning methods include physical coke cleaning and chemical coke cleaning. Physical coke cleaning method, such as mechanical coke cleaning or shock wave cleaning, mechanical coke cleaning method uses a scraper to remove coke, the advantage is that it does not affect the continuous operation of the reactor, the disadvantage is that the scraper is easy to burn out, and the material requirements are very high high. The chemical decoking method is to introduce oxygen or water (steam) into the reactor to directly react with the coke on the wall to achieve the purpose of rapid decoking. Among them, the reactor structure of the oxygen decoking method is simple and easy to implement, but if the mixed oxygen and hydrogen are not properly operated, there is a risk of explosion; although the water (steam) decoking method has a good effect, the energy consumption is relatively high , Water vapor condensation is also likely to cause a short circuit of the equipment, which poses a safety hazard.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种新型的化学清焦方法，以二氧化碳或二氧化碳与氢气的混合气作为清焦气体，具有清焦时间短、清焦效率高的特点，而且更加安全、能耗更低。The invention provides a novel chemical decoking method, using carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen as the decoking gas, which has the characteristics of short decoking time and high decoking efficiency, and is safer and consumes less energy.
本发明公开了一种热等离子体反应器的清焦方法，裂解反应结束后，通入清焦气体，通过与结焦物发生反应完成清焦；所述的清焦气体为二氧化碳或二氧化碳与氢气的混合气。The invention discloses a coke-cleaning method for a thermal plasma reactor. After the cracking reaction is completed, a coke-cleaning gas is introduced to complete the coke-cleaning by reacting with coke; the coke-cleaning gas is carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen mixed gas.
本发明中，当热等离子体裂解反应结束时，停止向反应器中通入裂解反应的原料，而是向反应器中通入清焦气体，清焦气体在反应器的高温、高焓、富含活性粒子的等离子体环境中，与反应器内壁的结焦物接触并发生反应，从而将结焦物清除干净。In the present invention, when the thermal plasma cracking reaction ends, stop feeding the raw material of the cracking reaction into the reactor, but feed the coke-cleaning gas into the reactor, and the coke-cleaning gas is in the high temperature, high enthalpy, rich In the plasma environment containing active particles, it contacts and reacts with the coke on the inner wall of the reactor, thereby removing the coke.
当清焦气体为二氧化碳时，CO2可在高温下与碳反应生成CO，该反应在碳表面分两步进行，第一步：CO2分子接近碳表面，其中一个氧在碳表面生成氧化复合物并解离出一分子CO，第二步：氧化复合物分解并从碳表面脱附生成另一分子CO，结焦物的主要成分是碳，因此在热等离子体高温状态下，通过CO2与碳的两步反应可以达到清焦的目的；When the decoking gas is carbon dioxide, CO2 can react with carbon at high temperature to generate CO. This reaction is carried out in two steps on the carbon surface. The first step: CO2 molecules approach the carbon surface, and one of the oxygen forms an oxidized compound on the carbon surface and dissociate a molecule of CO. The second step: the oxidation complex decomposes and desorbs from the carbon surface to generate another molecule of CO. The main component of the coke is carbon. Therefore, in the high temperature state of the thermal plasma, through CO 2 and The two-step reaction of carbon can achieve the purpose of coke cleaning;
当清焦气体为二氧化碳与氢气的混合气时，部分CO2按上述机理与结焦物发生反应从而清除结焦物，此外，CO2还与H2在热等离子体高温下发生逆水汽变换反应，反应生成的水蒸汽等离子体可以与结焦物发生快速反应，起到清焦的作用。因此，以二氧化碳与氢气的混合气作为清焦气体时，两种清焦作用同时发生，起到协同作用，提高了清焦速率及清焦效果。因此，优选清焦气体为二氧化碳与氢气的混合气。When the coke cleaning gas is a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, part of the CO 2 reacts with the coke according to the above mechanism to remove the coke. In addition, CO 2 and H 2 undergo an inverse water vapor shift reaction at the high temperature of the thermal plasma. The generated water vapor plasma can quickly react with the coke to clear the coke. Therefore, when the mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen is used as the coke-cleaning gas, the two coke-cleaning effects occur simultaneously and play a synergistic effect, improving the coke-cleaning rate and the coke-cleaning effect. Therefore, it is preferable that the decoking gas is a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
通过改变混合气中CO2与H2的比例，可以调节清焦反应的速率，作为优选，混合气中二氧化碳的含量≥5vol％，进一步优选，混合气中二氧化碳的含量为20～80vol％，优选范围内，清焦速率最快且清焦效果最好。By changing the ratio of CO2 and H2 in the mixed gas, the rate of coke cleaning reaction can be adjusted. As preferred, the content of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas is ≥ 5vol%, more preferably, the content of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas is 20-80vol%, preferably Within the range, the defocusing speed is the fastest and the defocusing effect is the best.
作为优选，所述的清焦气体在裂解反应结束的同时通入反应器中，一方面避免裂解原料与清焦气体反应造成不必要的原料消耗，另一方面减少非裂解反应占用的时间、降低过程能耗。As a preference, the coke-cleaning gas is passed into the reactor when the cracking reaction ends, on the one hand avoiding the unnecessary raw material consumption caused by the reaction of the cracking raw material and the coke-cleaning gas, on the other hand reducing the time taken by the non-cracking reaction, reducing Process energy consumption.
本发明的清焦过程与裂解反应交替进行，为了尽量降低清焦过程对裂解反应和后续气体分离过程的影响，一般将清焦气体与结焦物反应清焦的时间控制在1～30s，最佳时间为1～10s。The decoking process of the present invention is carried out alternately with the cracking reaction. In order to minimize the influence of the decoking process on the cracking reaction and the subsequent gas separation process, the decoking time of the decoking gas and the coke is generally controlled within 1 to 30 seconds. The time is 1-10s.
所述热等离子体裂解反应采用的热等离子体可以是由氢气、氩气或氮气中的至少一种在等离子体发生器中进行电弧放电产生的，其温度一般在2,000K以上，最高可以高于10,000K。The thermal plasma used in the thermal plasma cracking reaction can be generated by arc discharge in a plasma generator of at least one of hydrogen, argon or nitrogen, and its temperature is generally above 2,000K, and the highest can be higher than 10,000K.
所述热等离子体裂解反应的原料包括煤、气态或液态的烃类、生物质，以及其它富含碳氢化合物的物质。虽然不同原料的元素组成有较大差异，导致其产生的结焦物的含量差异很大、性质上也有所差别，但这些结焦物均可用本发明的清焦方法进行清除。因此，本发明的清焦方法具有广泛的适用性。The raw materials for the thermal plasma cracking reaction include coal, gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons, biomass, and other substances rich in hydrocarbons. Although the element composition of different raw materials is quite different, resulting in great differences in the content and properties of the cokes produced, these cokes can be removed by the coke cleaning method of the present invention. Therefore, the defocusing method of the present invention has wide applicability.
所述的裂解反应器包括电弧法裂解反应器和射流法裂解反应器两种类型。电弧法裂解反应器的原料一般从电弧上游通入反应器中，射流法裂解反应器的原料从等离子体射流侧面通入反应器中。The cracking reactor includes two types of arc cracking reactor and jet cracking reactor. The raw material of the arc pyrolysis reactor is generally passed into the reactor from the upstream of the arc, and the raw material of the jet pyrolysis reactor is passed into the reactor from the side of the plasma jet.
当采用电弧法裂解反应器时，清焦气体通入反应器的方式有两种：一种是清焦气体从电弧上游通入反应器，另一种是清焦气体从电弧下游的等离子体射流侧面通入反应器；When the arc method is used to crack the reactor, there are two ways for the cleaning gas to enter the reactor: one is that the cleaning gas enters the reactor from the upstream of the arc, and the other is that the cleaning gas flows from the plasma jet downstream of the arc. Side access to the reactor;
当采用射流法裂解反应器时，清焦气体从等离子体射流侧面通入反应器。When the reactor is pyrolyzed by the jet flow method, the decoking gas is passed into the reactor from the side of the plasma jet.
当清焦气体为二氧化碳与氢气的混合气时，二氧化碳与氢气在热等离子体反应器外预混合；When the decoking gas is a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, the carbon dioxide and hydrogen are pre-mixed outside the thermal plasma reactor;
或者是，将二氧化碳与氢气分别通入热等离子体反应器后在反应器中混合。Alternatively, the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are passed into the thermal plasma reactor separately and then mixed in the reactor.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:
1)经济性好：CO2来源广泛、价格低廉，CO2清焦过程能耗低，大大降低了清焦过程的成本；1) Good economy: CO 2 has a wide range of sources and is cheap, and the energy consumption of the CO 2 cleaning process is low, which greatly reduces the cost of the cleaning process;
2)安全性高：CO2化学性质稳定，不燃烧也无爆炸性危险，也不会引起设备短路；2) High safety: CO 2 has stable chemical properties, does not burn or explode, and will not cause short circuit of equipment;
3)绿色环保：采用CO2清焦可以降低碳排放量，清焦的产物为CO和H2，不会产生二次污染；3) Green and environmental protection: CO 2 coke cleaning can reduce carbon emissions, and the products of coke cleaning are CO and H 2 , which will not cause secondary pollution;
4)适应性广：CO2清焦适合于不同类型的热等离子体反应器，且针对不同性质及不同含量的结焦物均具有显著的清除效果。4) Wide adaptability: CO 2 coke removal is suitable for different types of thermal plasma reactors, and has a significant removal effect for cokes with different properties and different contents.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以煤粉为裂解原料。裂解反应进行3min后停止进煤和氢气，同时从电弧的上游通入CO2进行清焦。清焦反应进行20s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物仍有少量残留。装配好反应器，继续通入CO2进行清焦反应，5s打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and coal powder is used as cracking raw material. After the pyrolysis reaction was carried out for 3 minutes, coal and hydrogen were stopped, and CO 2 was introduced from the upstream of the arc to clean the coke. After 20 seconds of the coke cleaning reaction, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that a small amount of coke remained. After assembling the reactor, continue to feed CO 2 to carry out the decoking reaction, open the reactor for observation in 5 seconds, and find that the coke has been removed.
实施例2Example 2
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2和Ar混合气(Ar含量为30vol％)放电产生热等离子体，以煤粉为裂解原料。裂解反应进行3min后停止进煤和氢气，同时从电弧上游通入CO2进行清焦。清焦反应进行30s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to discharge the mixed gas of H2 and Ar (the Ar content is 30vol%) to generate thermal plasma, and the coal powder is used as the cracking raw material. After the pyrolysis reaction was carried out for 3 minutes, coal and hydrogen were stopped, and CO 2 was introduced from the upstream of the arc to clean the coke. After 30s of the coke removal reaction, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例3Example 3
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以煤粉为裂解原料。裂解反应进行5min后停止进煤，同时从电弧上游通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器内形成混合气(CO2含量为50vol％)。清焦反应进行10s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and coal powder is used as cracking raw material. Coal feeding was stopped after the pyrolysis reaction was carried out for 5 minutes, and CO 2 was introduced from the upstream of the arc to clean the coke. CO 2 and H 2 formed a mixed gas in the reactor (the content of CO 2 was 50vol%). After 10 seconds of the coke removal reaction, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例4Example 4
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以丙烷为裂解原料。裂解反应进行2min后停止进丙烷，同时从电弧上游通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器内形成混合气(CO2含量为30vol％)。清焦反应进行1s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and propane is used as the cracking raw material. After the cracking reaction was carried out for 2 minutes, propane was stopped, and CO 2 was introduced from the upstream of the arc to clean the coke. CO 2 and H 2 formed a mixed gas in the reactor (CO 2 content was 30vol%). After the coke cleaning reaction was carried out for 1 second, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例5Example 5
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以丙烷为裂解原料。裂解反应进行8min后停止进丙烷，同时从电弧上游通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器内形成混合气(CO2含量为40vol％)。清焦反应进行10s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and propane is used as the cracking raw material. After the cracking reaction was carried out for 8 minutes, the feed of propane was stopped, and CO 2 was introduced from the upstream of the arc to clean the coke. CO 2 and H 2 formed a mixed gas in the reactor (the content of CO 2 was 40vol%). After 10 seconds of the coke removal reaction, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例6Example 6
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以丙烷为裂解原料。裂解反应进行5min后停止进丙烷，同时从电弧上游通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器外预先混合(CO2含量为70vol％)。清焦反应进行5s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and propane is used as the cracking raw material. After the cracking reaction was carried out for 5 minutes, propane was stopped, and CO 2 was introduced from the upstream of the arc to clean the coke. CO 2 and H 2 were pre-mixed outside the reactor (the content of CO 2 was 70vol%). After the coke cleaning reaction was carried out for 5 seconds, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例7Example 7
采用电弧法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以丙烷为裂解原料。裂解反应进行3min后停止进丙烷，同时电弧侧面弧根下方通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器外预先混合(CO2含量为80vol％)。清焦反应进行5s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The electric arc plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and propane is used as the cracking raw material. After the cracking reaction was carried out for 3 minutes, propane was stopped, and CO 2 was introduced under the arc root on the side of the arc to clean the coke. CO 2 and H 2 were pre-mixed outside the reactor (CO 2 content was 80vol%). After the coke cleaning reaction was carried out for 5 seconds, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例8Example 8
采用射流法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以丙烷为裂解原料。裂解反应进行5min后停止进丙烷，同时从热等离子体射流的侧面通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器内形成混合气(CO2含量为50vol％)。清焦反应进行3s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The jet method plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and propane is used as the cracking raw material. After the pyrolysis reaction was carried out for 5 minutes, the propane was stopped, and CO2 was introduced from the side of the thermal plasma jet to clean the coke. CO2 and H2 formed a mixed gas in the reactor (the content of CO2 was 50vol%). After the coke cleaning reaction was carried out for 3 seconds, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
实施例9Example 9
采用射流法等离子体裂解反应器，以H2放电产生热等离子体，以甲烷为裂解原料。裂解反应进行15min后停止进甲烷，同时从热等离子体射流的侧面通入CO2进行清焦，CO2与H2在反应器内形成混合气(CO2含量为50vol％)。清焦反应进行5s后，打开反应器观察，发现结焦物已经被清除干净。The jet method plasma cracking reactor is used to generate thermal plasma by H2 discharge, and methane is used as cracking raw material. After the cracking reaction was carried out for 15 minutes, methane was stopped, and CO 2 was introduced from the side of the thermal plasma jet to clean the coke. CO 2 and H 2 formed a mixed gas in the reactor (the content of CO 2 was 50 vol%). After the coke cleaning reaction was carried out for 5 seconds, the reactor was opened for observation, and it was found that the coke had been removed.
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