CN104056828A - Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor - Google Patents
Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104056828A CN104056828A CN201410239697.8A CN201410239697A CN104056828A CN 104056828 A CN104056828 A CN 104056828A CN 201410239697 A CN201410239697 A CN 201410239697A CN 104056828 A CN104056828 A CN 104056828A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coke cleaning
- reactor
- carbon dioxide
- cracking
- coke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a decoking method for a thermal plasma reactor. The decoking method is characterized in that when a cleavage reaction is finished, decoking gas is continuously introduced to react with a coking material so as to finish coke cleaning; the decoking gas is carbon dioxide or a gas mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. According to the invention, the decoking method has the characteristics of good economy, high safety, green and environmental protection and wide application range; the decoking method is suitable for different thermal plasma reactors and has an obvious cleaning effect for coking materials with different properties and contents.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reaction engineering field under hot plasma high temperature, particularly a kind of coke cleaning method of hot plasma reactor.
Background technology
Along with exhausting gradually of petroleum resources and rising steadily of oil price, people turn one's attention to the coal that resource is abundanter one after another.Acetylene, as the basic chemical industry raw material that can obtain in a large number from coal, has well substituting to oil and ethene downstream product.The method that China produces acetylene has two kinds of calcium carbide Hydrolyze method and methane portion oxidation methods, and the former production procedure is long, CO
2discharge capacity is large, seriously polluted, and latter is limited to domestic limited natural gas resource.
Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Coal acetylene technology processed is utilized hot plasma high temperature (> 3000K), Gao Han, is rich in the feature of active particle, first coal dust is passed in hot plasma, make its pyrolysis that is rapidly heated, discharge volatile matter, and there is Millisecond cracking reaction, after cracking gas quenching, can obtain the cracking gas that acetylene is main component.This technology water consumption is few, additionally do not produce CO
2, also without severe waste water handling problem, be a kind of typical clean, efficient coal conversion process, there is good development prospect.
The mechanism and the technical study that at present Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Coal, hydro carbons etc. are rich in to hydrocarbon material acetylene processed have been mature on the whole, the U.S., Germany and China have also set up respectively 1～5MW Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Coal acetylene pilot-plant processed, carry out a large amount of engineering research work, proved the economic feasibility of this technology.
But in coal dust enters plasma reactor, in there is cracking reaction process, reactor wall constantly has coking material to generate also thickening gradually, cause the reduced of reactor wall, increase the resistance of gas flow, greatly the stability of destruction system operation, is having a strong impact on the industrialization of this technology.Therefore,, how thoroughly coke cleaning becomes the key issue of being badly in need of solution in industrialization process efficiently.
Conventional coke cleaning method comprises physical coke cleaning and chemical coke cleaning.Physical coke cleaning method, as mechanical decoking or shock wave coke cleaning, mechanical decoking method is to adopt scraper to remove coking material, and advantage is the continuous operation that does not affect reactor, and shortcoming is the easy scaling loss of scraper, and very high to material requirements.Chemistry coke cleaning method is in reactor, to pass into oxygen or water (steam), directly reacts with the coking material of wall, reaches the object of rapid decoking.Wherein, the structure of reactor of oxygen coke cleaning method simply, is easily realized, if but the oxygen passing into misoperation while mixing with hydrogen has the danger of blast; Water (steam) is though coke cleaning method effect is good, and energy consumption is higher, and water vapor condensation also easily causes equipment short circuit, has potential safety hazard.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of novel chemical coke cleaning method, using the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen as coke cleaning gas, have the advantages that the coke cleaning time is short, coke cleaning efficiency is high, and safer, energy consumption is lower.
The invention discloses a kind of coke cleaning method of hot plasma reactor, after cracking reaction finishes, pass into coke cleaning gas, by with the coking material coke cleaning that reacted; Described coke cleaning gas is the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
In the present invention, when hot plasma cracking reaction finishes, stop passing into the raw material of cracking reaction in reactor, but pass into coke cleaning gas in reactor, coke cleaning gas at high temperature, the Gao Han of reactor, be rich in the plasma environment of active particle, contact and react with the coking material of reactor wall, thereby coking material being removed clean.
When coke cleaning gas is carbon dioxide, CO
2can at high temperature react with carbon and generate CO, this reaction is carried out in two steps at carbon surface, the first step: CO
2molecule approaches carbon surface, one of them oxygen generates oxide complex and dissociates a part CO, second step at carbon surface: oxide complex is decomposed and generated another molecule CO from carbon surface desorption, and the main component of coking material is carbon, therefore under the hot plasma condition of high temperature, pass through CO
2can reach the object of coke cleaning with the two-step reaction of carbon;
When coke cleaning gas is the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, part CO
2thereby by above-mentioned mechanism and coking material, react and remove coking material, in addition, CO
2also with H
2under hot plasma high temperature, there is vapour transformationreation against the current, the water-vapor plasma that reaction generates can with coking material generation fast reaction, play the effect of coke cleaning.Therefore, using the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen during as coke cleaning gas, two kinds of coke cleaning effects occur simultaneously, play synergy, have improved coke cleaning speed and coke cleaning effect.Therefore, preferably coke cleaning gas is the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
By changing CO in gaseous mixture
2with H
2ratio, can regulate the speed of coke cleaning reaction, as preferably, the content>=5vol% of carbon dioxide in gaseous mixture, further preferred, in gaseous mixture, the content of carbon dioxide is 20～80vol%, in preferable range, coke cleaning speed is the fastest and coke cleaning effect is best.
As preferably, described coke cleaning gas passes in reactor when cracking reaction finishes, avoids cracking stock and coke cleaning gas reaction to cause unnecessary consumption of raw materials on the one hand, reduces on the other hand time, reduction process energy consumption that non-cracking reaction takies.
Coke-removing procedure of the present invention and cracking reaction hocket, and in order to reduce the impact of coke-removing procedure on cracking reaction and follow-up gas separation process as far as possible, the time of generally coke cleaning gas being reacted to coke cleaning with coking material is controlled at 1～30s, and Best Times is 1～10s.
The hot plasma that described hot plasma cracking reaction adopts can be that at least one in hydrogen, argon gas or nitrogen carried out arc discharge generation in plasma generator, its temperature generally more than 2,000K, the highest can be higher than 10,000K.
The raw material of described hot plasma cracking reaction comprises coal, gaseous state or liquid hydro carbons, living beings, and other is rich in the material of hydrocarbon.Although the element of different material forms and to have larger difference, cause its generation coking material content difference very greatly, also difference to some extent in nature, these coking materials all available coke cleaning method of the present invention are removed.Therefore, coke cleaning method of the present invention has applicability widely.
Described cracking reactor comprises two types of arc process cracking reactor and fluid jet cracking reactors.The raw material of arc process cracking reactor generally passes into reactor from electric arc upstream, and the raw material of fluid jet cracking reactor passes into reactor from plasma jet side.
When adopting arc process cracking reactor, the mode that coke cleaning gas passes into reactor has two kinds: a kind of is that coke cleaning gas passes into reactor from electric arc upstream, and another kind is that coke cleaning gas passes into reactor from the plasma jet side in electric arc downstream;
When adopting fluid jet cracking reactor, coke cleaning gas passes into reactor from plasma jet side.
When coke cleaning gas is the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, the premixed outside hot plasma reactor of carbon dioxide and hydrogen;
Or, after being passed into respectively to hot plasma reactor with hydrogen, mixes in reactor carbon dioxide.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) good economy performance: CO
2wide material sources, cheap, CO
2coke-removing procedure energy consumption is low, greatly reduces the cost of coke-removing procedure;
2) safe: CO
2stable chemical nature, the yet non-explosive danger of not burning, can not cause equipment short circuit yet;
3) environmental protection: adopt CO
2coke cleaning can reduce carbon emission amount, and the product of coke cleaning is CO and H
2, can not produce secondary pollution;
4) wide adaptability: CO
2coke cleaning is suitable for dissimilar hot plasma reactor, and all has significant removing effect for the coking material of heterogeneity and different content.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take coal dust as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into coal and hydrogen after 3min, passes into CO from the upstream of electric arc simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning.Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 20s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material still has residual on a small quantity.Assemble reactor, continue to pass into CO
2carry out coke cleaning reaction, 5s opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 2
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2with Ar gaseous mixture (Ar content is 30vol%) discharge generation hot plasma, take coal dust as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into coal and hydrogen after 3min, passes into CO from electric arc upstream simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning.Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 30s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 3
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take coal dust as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into coal after 5min, passes into CO from electric arc upstream simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2in reactor, form gaseous mixture (CO
2content is 50vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 10s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 4
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take propane as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into propane after 2min, passes into CO from electric arc upstream simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2in reactor, form gaseous mixture (CO
2content is 30vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 1s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 5
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take propane as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into propane after 8min, passes into CO from electric arc upstream simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2in reactor, form gaseous mixture (CO
2content is 40vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 10s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 6
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take propane as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into propane after 5min, passes into CO from electric arc upstream simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2at reactor, be pre-mixed (CO outward
2content is 70vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 5s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 7
Adopt arc process plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take propane as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into propane after 3min, and arc root below in electric arc side passes into CO simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2at reactor, be pre-mixed (CO outward
2content is 80vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 5s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 8
Adopt fluid jet plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take propane as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into propane after 5min, passes into CO from the side of jet simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2in reactor, form gaseous mixture (CO
2content is 50vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 3s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Embodiment 9
Adopt fluid jet plasma cracking reactor, with H
2discharge generation hot plasma, take methane as cracking stock.Cracking reaction carries out stopping into methane after 15min, passes into CO from the side of jet simultaneously
2carry out coke cleaning, CO
2with H
2in reactor, form gaseous mixture (CO
2content is 50vol%).Coke cleaning reaction is carried out after 5s, opens reactor and observes, and finds that coking material has been eliminated totally.
Claims (7)
1. a coke cleaning method for hot plasma reactor, is characterized in that, after cracking reaction finishes, passes into coke cleaning gas, by with the coking material coke cleaning that reacted;
Described coke cleaning gas is the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
2. coke cleaning method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coke cleaning gas is the gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, the content >=5vol% of carbon dioxide in gaseous mixture.
3. coke cleaning method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described gaseous mixture, the content of carbon dioxide is 20～80vol%.
4. according to the coke cleaning method described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the premixed outside hot plasma reactor of described carbon dioxide and hydrogen,
Or, after being passed into respectively to hot plasma reactor with hydrogen, mixes in reactor carbon dioxide.
5. coke cleaning method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coke cleaning gas passes in reactor when cracking reaction finishes.
6. coke cleaning method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, coke cleaning gas is 1～30s with the time of reacting coke cleaning of coking material.
7. coke cleaning method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, coke cleaning gas is 1～10s with the time of reacting coke cleaning of coking material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410239697.8A CN104056828A (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410239697.8A CN104056828A (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104056828A true CN104056828A (en) | 2014-09-24 |
Family
ID=51544925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410239697.8A Pending CN104056828A (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104056828A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113941445A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-01-18 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Decoking method of plasma electrode and control system thereof |
| WO2023116630A1 (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gliding arc plasma reactor, and method for converting methane by means of plasma |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004020118A1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-11 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method of removing solid carbon dioxide |
| CN1546609A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2004-11-17 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Suppressing and slowing method of coking in ethylene cracking furnace tube |
| CN101372630A (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-02-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | On-line coke cleaning method for tube cracking furnace |
| CN201737908U (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-02-09 | 刘跃兵 | Biomass energy balance process control system |
| CN103230799A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Cu-Zn-based catalyst used in reverse water gas shift reaction, and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-05-30 CN CN201410239697.8A patent/CN104056828A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004020118A1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-11 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method of removing solid carbon dioxide |
| US20090113932A1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2009-05-07 | Robert Amin | Method of removing solid carbon dioxide |
| CN1546609A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2004-11-17 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Suppressing and slowing method of coking in ethylene cracking furnace tube |
| CN101372630A (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-02-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | On-line coke cleaning method for tube cracking furnace |
| CN201737908U (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-02-09 | 刘跃兵 | Biomass energy balance process control system |
| CN103230799A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Cu-Zn-based catalyst used in reverse water gas shift reaction, and preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 游卓等: "O2/CO2气氛下无烟煤及烟煤燃烧NO释放特性对比试验研究", 《中国电机工程学报》, vol. 31, no. 35, 15 December 2011 (2011-12-15) * |
| 游卓等: "O2/CO2气氛下无烟煤及烟煤燃烧NO释放特性对比试验研究", 《中国电机工程学报》, vol. 31, no. 35, 15 December 2011 (2011-12-15), pages 53 - 58 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113941445A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-01-18 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Decoking method of plasma electrode and control system thereof |
| WO2023116630A1 (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gliding arc plasma reactor, and method for converting methane by means of plasma |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112867702B (en) | System and method for treating gas | |
| Saleem et al. | Decomposition of benzene as a tar analogue in CO2 and H2 carrier gases, using a non-thermal plasma | |
| Sun et al. | Plasma catalytic steam reforming of a model tar compound by microwave-metal discharges | |
| Mizeraczyk et al. | Plasma processing methods for hydrogen production | |
| Chen et al. | Abatement of fluorinated compounds in thermal plasma flow | |
| Saleem et al. | A comparison of the decomposition of biomass gasification tar compound in CO, CO2, H2 and N2 carrier gases using non-thermal plasma | |
| CN103409168A (en) | Method for coal gasification and quick co-production of activated carbon | |
| CN108439377B (en) | Device and method for cooperatively treating organic waste liquid and preparing graphene by using low-temperature plasma technology | |
| CN108384571A (en) | A kind of wind electricity blade leftover pieces recovery processing technique | |
| Liu et al. | Microwave plasma-assisted catalytic reduction of NO by active coke over transition-metal oxides | |
| CN104056829B (en) | A kind of continuous coke cleaning method of heat plasma reactor according | |
| CN104056828A (en) | Decoking method for thermal plasma reactor | |
| CN101550055A (en) | A post treatment process containing a fast gas-solid separation structure after plasma coal cracking | |
| CN103333044B (en) | A kind of method of rotary arc plasma pyrolysis industrial by-product gas generation acetylene | |
| KR101234317B1 (en) | Producing method for carbon black and hydrogen from waste lubricating oil | |
| CN207203849U (en) | A kind of industrial tail gas catalytic purification and heat utilization device | |
| WO2024198035A1 (en) | Method and device system for producing ethylene-device steam cracking raw oil and nano charcoal material from waste plastics | |
| CN110835554B (en) | Method for catalyzing steam gasification of bituminous coal by carbide slag | |
| Slovetskii | Plasma-chemical processes in petroleum chemistry | |
| Chen et al. | Catalytic cracking mechanisms of tar model compounds | |
| LIU et al. | Technology research and commercialization review for waste plastics to fuel | |
| CN107418608A (en) | The preparation method of the application of semicoke, hydrocarbon compound or hydrocarbon derivative | |
| CN204325265U (en) | The hydrocarbon oxygen cycle device of the fertile carbon oil paper integration of sun power coal electrit | |
| JP2013199641A (en) | Method for producing carbon black | |
| Saleem | Treatment of biomass gasification tars with non-thermal plasmas |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20140924 |