CN104053851A - Diamond enhanced insert with fine and ultrafine microstructure of PCD working surface resisting crack formation - Google Patents
Diamond enhanced insert with fine and ultrafine microstructure of PCD working surface resisting crack formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104053851A CN104053851A CN201280065445.7A CN201280065445A CN104053851A CN 104053851 A CN104053851 A CN 104053851A CN 201280065445 A CN201280065445 A CN 201280065445A CN 104053851 A CN104053851 A CN 104053851A
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 and wherein Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(=O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000270322 Lepidosauria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
- E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2204/00—End product comprising different layers, coatings or parts of cermet
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
An insert for a drill bit may include a metallic carbide body; and an outer layer of polycrystalline diamond material on the uppermost end of the insert. The polycrystalline diamond material comprises: a plurality of interconnected diamond grains, a plurality of additive grains, and a binder material, wherein the average additive grain size is smaller than the average diamond grain size.
Description
Technical field
Embodiment disclosed herein relates generally to diamond and strengthens inserted.
Background technology
Geotechnical boring drill bit is typically arranged on the lower end of drill string, and by earth's surface place rotary drill column or by driving down-hole motor or turbine or rotating by above-mentioned two kinds of modes.When weight is applied to drill string, rotary drilling-head engages stratum and advances and along predefined paths, forms well with head for target region.
There is the drill bit of several types, comprise rock bit, hammering drill bit (hammer bit) and drag bit.Term " drag bit " (being also called " fixed cutter drill bit ") refers to the rotary drilling-head that those do not have moving meter.Fixed cutter drill bit comprises that those have the cutting element that is attached to bit matrix, and it is mainly by shear action cuts formation.Be used in cutting element in fixed cutter drill bit can comprise polycrystalline diamond composite sheet (FDC), diamond gravel impregnated inserted (" gravel heat-press inserted " (GHI) or natural diamond.Gear wheel rock drill bit comprises and is suitable for being connected to the bit matrix of rotatable drill string and comprises rotatable at least one " gear wheel " that is installed to cantilevered axle or bit leg, as often related in prior art.Each rock bit supports a plurality of cutting elements, and this cutting element cuts and/or crushes wall portion or the bottom of well and therefore advances this drill bit.Cutting element, inserted or mill teeth contacts with stratum with the borehole bottom crushing by drilling well, cape chisel and scraping rock during drilling well.Hammering drill bit typical case comprises the one-piece base with bizet.Bizet comprises and is squeezed in wherein inserted for for drilled stratum circulation " hammering " and rotation.
According to the type of the cutting element on drill bit and position, cutting element is carried out different cutting functions, like this, experiences during use different loading conditions.Developed the wear-resistant inserted cutting element being used as on drill bit of two types: tungsten carbide tooth (TCI) and polycrystalline diamond strengthen inserted (DEI).Tungsten carbide tooth is typically formed by hard tungsten carbide (also referred to as cemented tungsten carbide): tungsten carbide particle is dispersed in cobalt bonding agent matrix.Polycrystalline diamond strengthens and insertedly typically to comprise as the hard carbonization tungsten basal body of matrix and at inserted top, to be directly attached to one deck polycrystalline diamond (PCD) of this tungsten carbide matrix.Compare with softer, more tough and tensile tungsten carbide tooth, the skin being formed by PCD material can provide the mar proof of improvement.
Fig. 1 has illustrated the microstructure of the PCD material 10 of conventional formation, and it comprises a plurality of diamond particles 12, and this diamond particles 12 is bonded to each other to form intergranular diamond substrate first-phase.Catalyzer/bonding agent material 14 (for example, cobalt) is for promoting combination between diamond, and it develops into diamond crystal in conjunction with network during sintering process.For promoting the catalyzer bonding agent material of combination between diamond conventionally can provide with two kinds of methods.Catalyzer/bonding agent can provide the premixed before sintering of this powder and diamond particles or gravel with material powder form.Alternatively, catalyzer/bonding agent can provide to the infiltration diamond from matrix material below by (in high temp/high pressure technique), and final PCD material is attached to this matrix material.Catalyzer/bonding agent material permeated between diamond in conjunction with after, catalyzer/bonding agent material conventionally spreads all over diamond substrate and distributes within the gap area between the diamond particles of combination.Especially, as shown in Figure 1, bonding agent material 14 does not spread all over continuously microstructure in conventional PCD material 10.On the contrary, the microstructure of conventional PCD material 10 can have the consistent bonding agent distributing between PCD particle.Therefore, by the rupture propagation of conventional PCD material, will often advance by comparatively ductile and frangible particle, or transcrystalline ground is by diamond particles/bonding agent interface 15, or intergranular ground is by diamond particles/diamond particles interface 16.
The metal that PCD layer comprises diamond and high 20% weight ratio to this layer is routinely to promote between diamond intergranular combination and multilayer each other and to the combination of lower substrate.The metal 9 using in PCD is selected from conventionally: cobalt, iron or nickel and/or its mixture or alloy and for example can comprise metal: manganese, tantalum, chromium and/or its mixture or alloy.But although higher tenor typically increases the toughness of final PCD material, higher tenor also reduces the hardness of PCD material; Therefore limited the flexibility that other PCD coating of level with hardness and two expectations of toughness can be provided.In addition,, when choice variable is when increasing the hardness of PCD material, typically fragility also increases, thereby has reduced the toughness of PCD material.
Although polycrystalline diamond layer is extremely hard and wear-resistant, polycrystalline diamond enhancing is inserted still may be damaged in the normal operation period.Damage typically one of three kinds of conventionally forms: be called wearing and tearing, tired and concussion fracture.Because PCD, with respect to the relative sliding on stratum, abrasion mechanism occurs, and its projection as fault model relates to the abrasiveness on stratum, and other factors (for example, stratum hardness or intensity, and the amount of the relative sliding comprising at the period of contact with stratum).The contact stress that transition is high and high temperature are also tending towards causing the heavy wear of diamond layer together with very disadvantageous subsurface environment.The progressive propagation that the mechanism of fatigue comprises external crack starts, enters in the material under PCD layer until fracture length is enough peeled off or tipping on PCD.Finally, impact that mechanism comprises external crack or the unexpected propagation of the underbead crack that starts on PCD layer, enter in the material under PCD layer until fracture length is enough peeled off, tipping or strengthen inserted destructiveness and damage.
Therefore, expectation builds a kind of inserted structure, compares with conventional PCD material and inserted structure, and it provides the hardness of expectation and the PCD characteristic of mar proof, has the characteristic of fracture toughness and the resistance to tipping of improvement, for violent cutting and/or DRILLING APPLICATION.
Summary of the invention
Provide content of the present invention for introducing a selection of concept, this content further describes in below detailed manual.Content of the present invention is not intended to identify key or the essential feature of theme required for protection, neither be intended to as a kind of help for limiting the scope of theme required for protection.
In one aspect, embodiment disclosed herein relates to a kind of inserted for drill bit, comprises; Metal carbides matrix; The skin being formed by polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact on this inserted the top, wherein, this polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact comprises: a plurality of interconnected diamond particles; A plurality of additive granules; Bonding agent material; Wherein, this additive particle mean size is less than diamond particle mean size.
In yet another aspect, embodiment disclosed herein relates to a kind of drill bit, comprises bit matrix; Be arranged on drill bit at least one is inserted, wherein, this inserted comprising: metal carbides matrix; The skin being formed by polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact on this inserted the top, wherein, this polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact comprises: a plurality of interconnected diamond particles; A plurality of additive granules; Bonding agent material; Wherein, this additive particle mean size is less than diamond particle mean size.
By manual and appended claims below, other aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present disclosure is described.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of a part of conventional polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact.
Fig. 2 shows according to the diamond of embodiment of the present disclosure and strengthens inserted sectional view.
Fig. 3 A-3D shows diamond and strengthens the inserted outer field top view of conventional PCD and sectional view.
Fig. 4 shows according to the diamond of embodiment of the present disclosure and strengthens inserted sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the side perspective view with the inserted rock bit of manufacturing according to embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 has according to the inserted drill hammer of embodiment manufacture of the present disclosure or the side perspective view of hammering drill bit.
The specific embodiment
The diamond that embodiment disclosed herein relates generally to the working surface with fracture-resistant strengthens inserted.In particular, the inserted skin that can there is matrix and form polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material of inserted working surface of the present disclosure.For example, Fig. 2 shows inserted by 200 according to embodiment of the present disclosure, and wherein, inserted 200 have skin 210, matrix 220 and the interface between them 215 of PCD material.The skin 210 of PCD material is arranged in inserted 200 top 205 places and forms working surface or cutting surfaces.According to the inserted outer field PCD material of formation of the present disclosure, have the composition different from conventional PCD (hereinafter describing), it can provide the inserted working surface of the fracture-resistant with improvement.According to inserted matrix of the present disclosure, can a kind of hard or sintered-carbide (for example tungsten carbide, ramet or titanium carbide) in metal carbide material, for example IVB, VB and group vib metal make, they for example, are extruded or sintering existing in bonding agent (, cobalt, nickel or iron or their alloy) situation conventionally.In matrix, metal carbide particles is supported in metallic bond.Well-known, except tungsten carbide and cobalt, can use various metallic carbide compositions and bonding agent.Therefore,, to using the description of tungsten carbide and cobalt to be only used to the object of explanation, be not intended to matrix that restriction used or the type of bonding agent.
Inventor of the present disclosure has been found that the heterogeneity for inserted outer field PCD material that the fracture-resistant of improvement can be provided when as inserted outer field conventional PCD material comparison.Refer now to Fig. 3 A-3D, show the inserted outer field different views of conventional PCD.Inserted shown in Fig. 3 A-3D can be used the mixture of the mixture of for example 80wt% diamond (particle mean size is 6 microns) and 20wt% cobalt or 85wt% diamond (particle mean size is 10 microns) and 15wt% cobalt.Especially, Fig. 3 A shows the outer field top view of conventional PCD on the surface being formed by drilling well with snakeskin (reptile skin) wear patterns 305, and Fig. 3 B shows the nearer view of wear patterns 305.As directed, snakeskin wear patterns is a kind of wear patterns design that can be formed in the inserted skin of conventional PCD, and it is included in a plurality of " paddy portions " that the outer field surface of PCD forms.Be formed on the position that the paddy portion in snakeskin wear patterns often provides crack to start.For example, Fig. 3 C shows the outer field sectional view of conventional PCD with snakeskin wear patterns and the formation of the crack within the paddy portion of snakeskin wear patterns 315.Fig. 3 D shows the amplification view in the crack 315 at the place, paddy portion bottom being formed in the outer field snakeskin wear patterns of conventional PCD.Snakeskin wear patterns is for example often formed on, in have the relatively thick diamond particles conventional PCD skin of PCD material composition of (, particle mean size is equal to or greater than 6 microns).Further, as shown in Figure 3 C, crack 315 may start in the paddy portion of snakeskin wear patterns, and this may finally cause inserted too early damage.Especially, once crack starts in the paddy portion of snakeskin wear patterns, crack may propagate through skin and enter in inserted matrix, therefore causes inserted too early damage.But, being of the present disclosurely used to form outer field PCD material and thering is different compositions, it can suppress above-mentioned snakeskin wear patterns and crack and form.
According to embodiment disclosed herein, being used to form inserted outer field PCD material and can having the diamond particle mean size (this can be called " meticulous diamond microstructure ") that is less than or equal to 4 microns, can be maybe the PCD material with " meticulous diamond grit ".According to some preferred embodiments, be used to form inserted outer field PCD material and can there is the diamond particle mean size that is less than 2 microns and is greater than 100 nanometers.Other embodiment can be used down any being limited in 0.1,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0 or 1.25 micron, on be limited to any in 0.5,0.75,1.0,1.25,1.5,1.75 or 2.0 micron, wherein, arbitrary lower limit can be used together with arbitrary upper limit.Advantageously, inventor of the present disclosure has been found that the PCD material by use with meticulous diamond grit, and skin can have the abrasion resistance of improvement and the formation of snakeskin wear patterns of minimizing and the formation in crack.Especially, brait particle (it breaks and finally causes surface form snakeskin wearing and tearing and cause inserted premature failure) unlike traditional inserted PCD material, the meticulous diamond microstructure of current disclosed outer PCD material has higher intensity, this can produce more useful wear patterns, thereby, postpone or prevent crack and to the propagation in inserted matrix.
Except having the PCD material of the present disclosure of meticulous diamond grit, PCD material can also comprise non-diamond additive material.Therefore the microstructure of above-mentioned PCD material comprises diamond particles, additive material and the bonding agent/catalyst material combining.Additive material can comprise carbide, carbonitride, nitride and their combination of metal, and described metal is for example those metals of IVB, VB or group vib.For example, additive material can comprise WC, TiC and/or TiCN.According to embodiment of the present disclosure, additive material can surpass 2% weight of inserted outer field PCD material.In some preferred embodiments, additive material can surpass 5% weight of inserted outer field PCD material.Further, additive material can have the additive particle mean size that is less than diamond particle mean size.For example, the additive particle mean size of outer PCD microstructure can be less than diamond particle mean size, in another embodiment, is less than 2 microns, is less than In yet another embodiment 1 micron.Other embodiment can be used down any being limited in 0.1,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0 or 1.25 micron, on be limited to any in 0.5,0.75,1.0,1.25,1.5,1.75 or 2.0 micron, wherein, arbitrary lower limit can be used together with arbitrary upper limit.It is outer that inventor of the present disclosure has been found that the additive material by using particle mean size described herein to be less than diamond particle mean size forms PCD, and additive material can be used as diamond irregular particle growth inhibitor.Therefore, additive material of the present disclosure can promote to form the PCD skin with meticulous with consistent diamond microstructure.Further, additive material of the present disclosure can also increase the outer field toughness of PCD.
According to embodiment of the present disclosure, form inserted outer field PCD material and can there is the diamond content that is less than 90% weight ratio.In certain embodiments, form inserted outer field PCD material and can there is the diamond content that is less than 85% weight ratio or 80% weight ratio.Remainder in PCD microstructure can comprise additive material and bonding agent/catalyst material.For example, according to the PCD skin of embodiment of the present disclosure can have be less than 85% weight ratio diamond content, be greater than the additive level of 2% weight ratio, remainder is diamond sintering catalyst material.In other embodiments, diamond content can be the scope from 40% weight ratio to 85% weight ratio, wherein, lower limit can be any in 40% weight ratio, 50% weight ratio, 60% weight ratio, 70% weight ratio or 75% weight ratio, the upper limit can be any in 50% weight ratio, 60% weight ratio, 70% weight ratio, 80% weight ratio, 85% weight ratio or 90% weight ratio, wherein, arbitrary lower limit can be used together with arbitrary upper limit.Additive can exist with a certain amount of, and it is at least 0.5% weight ratio, 2% weight ratio or at least 5% weight ratio, and wherein, the surplus of this layer can be diamond sintering catalyst material.
Diamond bonding agent or catalyst material can comprise, for example, and Co, Ni, Fe or their combination.Bonding agent in PCD material of the present disclosure or catalyst material content can be the scope from about 15% weight ratio of diamond to about 30% weight ratio, or the scope from 18% weight ratio of diamond to 25% weight ratio.For example, according to some embodiment, the cobalt bonding agent content forming in inserted outer field PCD material can be the scope from about 15% weight ratio to about 30% weight ratio, or the scope from 18% weight ratio to 25% weight ratio.
Bonding agent material can be used as the catalyzer of the formation of the combination between diamond crystal, this can make to form the diamond crystal (and additive granules) with one deck random orientation of lattice structure tissue, in the clearance space of this metallic bond between diamond and particles of additive material.Therefore,, when bonding agent material is used for the combination between catalytic gold hard rock, bonding agent material can be commonly referred to catalyst material.
Catalyst material can be by the catalyst material powder of desired amount being provided provide with diamond and additive material.For example, diamond crystal and cobalt can together with ball milling, then for example, together with additive material (carbide) ball milling.Then, mixture can stand high pressure-temperature as known in the art (HPHT) technique, and for example, pressure is greater than the scope that 5000MPa and temperature are from 1300 to 1500 ℃.The example of HPHT technique can be at for example United States Patent (USP) 4,694,918; 5,370,195; And find in 4,525,178.Say tout court, in order to form skin, unsintered diamond crystal particle, metallic catalyst and additive granules are placed in the metal casing of reaction member of HPHT apparatus.Then reaction member is placed under the process conditions of the intergranular combination enough causing between diamond particles.Further, the application of HPHT technique causes diamond crystal and additive granules sintering, makes their no longer forms in discrete particle, no longer can be separated from each other.
Alternatively, catalyzer can be by during HPHT, from contiguous inserted matrix, (or have the transition zone of the vicinity the embodiment of at least one transition zone between outer and inserted matrix, infiltration as described below) provides.In the above-described embodiments, inserted matrix can be formed by cermet material metal and that have dissolving metal catalyzer, for example be selected from a kind of of VIII family element in periodic table, it can infiltrate contiguous diamond and additive powder mixture during HPHT technique, to promote and to provide attached with its combination.For example, inserted matrix can be formed by hard tungsten carbide and cobalt, and wherein, cobalt can infiltrate contiguous diamond and additive powder mixture, to form outer PCD material of the present disclosure as catalyst material.
Although being shown between outer and inserted matrix (or transition zone), inserted geometry described herein there is curved interface, but be appreciated that, the inserted interface geometry that also can be configured to have on-plane surface structure plane or that have another kind of shape of the present disclosure, this depends on special final application scenario.Various interface geometries can be formed on the residual stresses between skin and matrix for helping to reduce.Further, at least one transition zone can be used between outer and inserted matrix, for example, and the different materials of outer and matrix is combined and helps alleviate residual stresses by attempting.
For example, with reference to figure 4, show the inserted sectional view with at least one transition zone according to embodiment of the present disclosure.As directed, inserted 400 have skin 410 and at least one transition zone 430 between matrix 420 and outer 410 of the PCD material on matrix 420, the top inserted 400 405.Although shown in Fig. 4 inserted outer 410 and matrix matrix 420 between there is a transition zone 430, other embodiment also can have more than one transition zone.For example, of the present disclosure insertedly can have two, three or more transition zones between inserted skin and matrix.Further, skin/transition interface 415 is shown as and has curved shape with transition zone/basal body interface 435, and concentric with outer 410 external surface 411.But, as described above, can change interface geometry to help to reduce the stress forming at interlayer.
The PCD material that forms skin 410 can have the meticulous diamond microstructure of being made by the diamond particles of a plurality of interconnection, a plurality of additive granules and bonding agent material, and wherein, additive particle mean size is equal to or less than diamond particle mean size.The composition of described at least one transition zone can change, for example, in United States Patent (USP) discloses 2006/0180354, describe, and it is cited in this article.In one embodiment, the outer field composition of the vicinity of transition zone can with outer field constituent class seemingly, but granularity aspect is different.In other embodiments, contiguous transition zone and/or other transition zone can also have different composition (comparing with skin), have identical or larger sized diamond particles; Bonding agent phase and WC or other refractory carbide.
According to embodiment of the present disclosure, described at least one transition zone can comprise the composite material consisting of diamond crystal, additive granules and bonding agent material, they are similar to outer field composition, but the relative ratios of granularity difference or composite material is different, for example the amount of diamond, additive and bonding agent material is different.For example, transition zone can comprise a plurality of diamond particles that combine, a plurality of additive granules and bonding agent material, wherein, additive particle mean size is less than diamond particle mean size, and the diamond particle mean size of transition zone is equal to or greater than outer field diamond particle mean size.In having some embodiment of more than one transition zone, transition zone can produce diamond particle mean size gradient, and wherein, diamond particle mean size is the meticulousst in skin, and the thickest in the transition zone that approaches most inserted matrix.
In having other embodiment of more than one transition zone, transition zone can produce diamond content gradient, wherein, the ratio of diamond content between transition zone inwardly when inserted matrix moves and reduce.Alternatively, inserted can have single transition zone, and wherein, single transition zone comprises diamond content gradient, and wherein, the outer field region that approaches of single transition zone has larger diamond content than the region that approaches inserted matrix of single transition zone.Gradient in single transition zone can produce by technology well known in the prior art, for example, at United States Patent (USP) 4,694, describes in 918.
And embodiment of the present disclosure can have thickness and be greater than the skin that conventional diamond strengthens the PCD material of inserted thickness.For example, refer again to Fig. 4, inserted 400 have skin 410, matrix 420 and at least one transition zone 430 between skin and matrix.Outer 410 by making according to PCD material of the present disclosure, comprises a plurality of diamond particles that combine, a plurality of additive granules and bonding agent material, and can have the thickness t between 250 and 1500 microns.In some preferred embodiments, diamond enhancing is inserted can have the skin of thickness t between 400 and 800 microns.In other embodiments, the lower limit of outer layer thickness can be any in 250,300,400,500,600 or 800 microns, the upper limit can be any in 600 microns, 800 microns, 1000 microns, 1200 microns or 1500 microns, and wherein, arbitrary lower limit can be used together with arbitrary upper limit.Further, in different embodiment, transition region thickness can be equal to or less than outer layer thickness.
Inserted can use together with downhole drill bit of the present disclosure, downhole drill bit is for example rock bit or drill hammer or hammering drill bit.For example, with reference to figure 5, of the present disclosure inserted 500 can be installed to rock bit 550.Rock bit 550 has main body 560 and gear wheel 562, and wherein, main body 560 has three shanks 561, and gear wheel 562 is arranged on the lower end of each shank 561.According to of the present disclosure inserted 500, can be provided in the surface of at least one gear wheel 562.Refer now to Fig. 6, of the present disclosure inserted 600 can be installed to drill hammer or hammering drill bit 650.Hammering drill bit 650 has the steel main body 660 of hollow, on an end of main body, has bar portion 662, drill bit is assembled to drill string (not shown); Main body has head end 664.A plurality of inserted 600 can be provided in the surface of head end for against with cut stratum to be bored.
Advantageously, it is inserted that embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kind of like this diamond to strengthen, and it has the resistance to cracking seam formative of improvement at working surface place.For example, according to the fine microstructures that is used to form inserted outer field diamond of the present disclosure, can provide the skin with higher intensity and more favourable wear patterns, this can postpone or prevent that the crack in external surface from forming.Further, for example, although be used to form the diamond (shearing cutter or conventional diamond strengthen inserted incised layer) of the cutting element of other type, may have high diamond content, the disclosure is used to form diamond and strengthens inserted outer field PCD material and can comprise relatively low diamond content.Especially, relatively high diamond content is (for example incised layer of shearing cutter) in the conventional cutting element that is used in prior art, to meet the requirement of the high-temperature material characteristic running in drilling condition.But, inventor of the present disclosure has been found that, diamond strengthens inserted skin can for example, by (having relatively low diamond content, be less than 85% weight ratio) PCD material form, described PCD material comprises that a plurality of diamond particles that combine, particle mean size are less than additive material and the bonding agent material of the particle mean size of diamond particles.For diamond strengthens, inserted skin provides the material behavior of improving to the composition of PCD material of the present disclosure, and this can be unique to conventional diamond and strengthen that inserted skin prevents or delayed fracture starts.
Although the present invention is directed to the embodiment of limited quantity, be described, benefit from the disclosure, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can design other embodiment and not depart from scope of invention as disclosed herein.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should only be limited by the appended claims.
Claims (27)
1. inserted for drill bit, comprising:
Metal carbides matrix;
The skin being formed by polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact on this inserted the top, wherein, this polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact comprises:
A plurality of interconnected diamond particles;
A plurality of additive granules;
Bonding agent material;
Wherein, additive particle mean size size is less than diamond particle mean size.
2. according to claim 1 inserted, wherein, diamond particle mean size is less than or equal to 4 microns.
3. according to claim 1 inserted, wherein, diamond particle mean size is less than or equal to 2 microns.
4. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, diamond particle mean size is at least 0.1 micron.
5. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, additive particle mean size is less than 1 micron.
6. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, additive granules is selected from least one in carbide, carbonitride and nitride.
7. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, additive granules accounts for 0.5% weight ratio that is greater than of polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact.
8. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, additive granules accounts for 2% weight ratio that is greater than of polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact.
9. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, diamond particles accounts for 85% weight ratio that is less than of polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact.
10. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, skin has the thickness that is greater than 250 microns.
11. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, further comprise at least one transition zone between metal carbides matrix and skin.
12. is according to claim 11 inserted, and wherein, this at least one transition zone comprises that particle mean size is greater than the diamond particles of outer field diamond particle mean size.
13. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, bonding agent material accounts for outer field 15% weight ratio to 30% weight ratio.
14. inserted according to described in aforementioned any one claim, wherein, bonding agent material comprises cobalt.
15. 1 kinds of drill bits, comprising:
Bit matrix;
Be arranged on this drill bit at least one is inserted, wherein, this inserted comprising:
Metal carbides matrix;
The skin being formed by polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact on this inserted the top, wherein, this polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact comprises:
A plurality of interconnected diamond particles;
A plurality of additive granules;
Bonding agent material;
Wherein, additive particle mean size size is less than diamond particle mean size.
16. drill bits according to claim 15, wherein, diamond particle mean size is less than or equal to 4 microns.
17. drill bits according to claim 15, wherein, diamond particle mean size is less than or equal to 2 microns.
18. drill bits according to claim 15, wherein, additive particle mean size is less than 1 micron.
19. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-18, and wherein, additive granules is selected from least one in carbide, carbonitride and nitride.
20. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-19, and wherein, additive granules accounts for 0.5% weight ratio that is greater than of polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact.
21. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-20, and wherein, diamond particles accounts for 85% weight ratio that is less than of polycrystalline diamond abrasive compact.
22. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-21, and wherein, skin has the thickness that is greater than 250 microns.
23. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-22, further comprises at least one transition zone between metal carbides matrix and skin.
24. drill bits according to claim 23, wherein, this at least one transition zone comprises that particle mean size is greater than the diamond particles of outer field diamond particle mean size.
25. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-24, and wherein, this bit matrix has a plurality of gear wheels mounted thereto, and in this at least one inserted hole being bumped in one of the plurality of gear wheel.
26. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15-25, and wherein, bonding agent material accounts for outer field 15% weight ratio to 30% weight ratio.
27. according to the drill bit described in any one in claim 15 to 26, and wherein, bonding agent material comprises cobalt.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161581753P | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | |
| US61/581,753 | 2011-12-30 | ||
| US13/719,340 | 2012-12-19 | ||
| US13/719,340 US20130168156A1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-19 | Diamond enhanced insert with fine and ultrafine microstructure of pcd working surface resisting crack formation |
| PCT/US2012/071107 WO2013101686A1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-21 | Diamond enhanced insert with fine and ultrafine microstructure of pcd working surface resisting crack formation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104053851A true CN104053851A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280065445.7A Pending CN104053851A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-21 | Diamond enhanced insert with fine and ultrafine microstructure of PCD working surface resisting crack formation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130168156A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104053851A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013101686A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201412073D0 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-08-20 | Element Six Abrasives Sa | Super hard constructions & methods of making same |
| GB201622474D0 (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-02-15 | Element Six (Uk) Ltd | Superhard constructions & methods of making same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080073126A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-27 | Smith International, Inc. | Polycrystalline diamond composites |
| WO2008079205A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-07-03 | Us Synthetic Corporation | Superabrasive compact including diamond-silicon carbide composite, methods of fabrication thereof, and applications therefor |
| US20110031037A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Polycrystalline diamond material with high toughness and high wear resistance |
| US20110031033A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Highly wear resistant diamond insert with improved transition structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4694918A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1987-09-22 | Smith International, Inc. | Rock bit with diamond tip inserts |
| US5766394A (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1998-06-16 | Smith International, Inc. | Method for forming a polycrystalline layer of ultra hard material |
| US6499547B2 (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2002-12-31 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Multiple grade carbide for diamond capped insert |
| US7350601B2 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2008-04-01 | Smith International, Inc. | Cutting elements formed from ultra hard materials having an enhanced construction |
| US7516804B2 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2009-04-14 | Us Synthetic Corporation | Polycrystalline diamond element comprising ultra-dispersed diamond grain structures and applications utilizing same |
-
2012
- 2012-12-19 US US13/719,340 patent/US20130168156A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-12-21 WO PCT/US2012/071107 patent/WO2013101686A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-12-21 CN CN201280065445.7A patent/CN104053851A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080073126A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-27 | Smith International, Inc. | Polycrystalline diamond composites |
| WO2008079205A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-07-03 | Us Synthetic Corporation | Superabrasive compact including diamond-silicon carbide composite, methods of fabrication thereof, and applications therefor |
| US20110031037A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Polycrystalline diamond material with high toughness and high wear resistance |
| US20110031033A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Highly wear resistant diamond insert with improved transition structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013101686A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
| US20130168156A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
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Application publication date: 20140917 |