CN104050865A - Eccentric clamp teaching device - Google Patents

Eccentric clamp teaching device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104050865A
CN104050865A CN201410282771.4A CN201410282771A CN104050865A CN 104050865 A CN104050865 A CN 104050865A CN 201410282771 A CN201410282771 A CN 201410282771A CN 104050865 A CN104050865 A CN 104050865A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
eccentric
plane
briquetting
fixed mount
drawing board
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Granted
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CN201410282771.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104050865B (en
Inventor
杨杰
全芳
杨思艳
杨伟成
程正中
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China University of Geosciences
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China University of Geosciences
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Priority to CN201410282771.4A priority Critical patent/CN104050865B/en
Publication of CN104050865A publication Critical patent/CN104050865A/en
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Publication of CN104050865B publication Critical patent/CN104050865B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The invention provides an eccentric clamp teaching device. The eccentric clamp teaching device at least comprises a base, an eccentric clamping unit, a track drawing unit and a slope self-locking unit, wherein the eccentric clamping unit, the track drawing unit and the slope self-locking unit are installed on the base. The eccentric clamping unit at least comprises an eccentric circular shaft, an eccentric circle, a fixed bracket, a pressing block, a mounted bearing and a sliding shaft. The track drawing unit at least comprises a gear, a rack, sliding rails, a movable bracket, a drawing plate and a drawing pen, wherein the number of the sliding rails is two. A gear shaft is connected with the eccentric circular shaft through a coupler. A clutch is arranged between the gear shaft and the eccentric circular shaft. The slope self-locking unit comprises a slope, a weight block and a lead screw, wherein the top of the lead screw abuts against a sliding way on the reverse side of the slope, and the gradient of the slope can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the lead screw. The eccentric clamp teaching device can help a teacher thoroughly explain the clamping process and the self-locking principle of an eccentric clamp, avoid dull and jerky theoretical derivation and cultivate operational ability and interests of students.

Description

A kind of eccentric fixture instructional device
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of eccentric fixture instructional device, be used to jig Design course teaching that eccentric fixture principle analysis is provided, belong to mechanical automation technical field.
Background technology
In mechanical major teaching process, clamp system is seen everywhere, and jig Design is the core curriculum of Machine Design always, and in modern society's machinery production, fixture has very important status especially.Fixture principle is the basis of Machine Design, the course relating to has < < Technology of Mechanical Manufacture > >, < < Machine Tool Fixture Design > > and the design of mechanical major course, it is the emphasis of mechanical major undergraduate course, and eccentric fixture in fixture is widely used in Machine Tool design, but the clamping principle for off-centre operation fixture, a lot of university students without enough understanding, the content that physiology solution is more difficult, this is a gaps and omissions of fixture theory teaching.
Nowadays common fixture instructional device, major part is only that clamp device is copyed everything mechanically on classroom, demonstrated clamp operation process, can only how to show to student can clamping workpiece, but what cannot be interpreted as can clamp, more cannot derive clamping conditioned disjunction and inspire student's thinking how effectively to design fixture, this is the heavy difficult point of mechanical major teaching.According to machinery, be that undergraduate is reflected, in fixture principle, the self-lock mechanism of eccentric fixture and design criteria are the most hard to understand, especially the critical condition of self-locking of eccentric fixture the heavy difficult point of course especially, student is difficult to itself and plain inclined-plane self-locking equity, and in fact the self-lock mechanism of these two has Approximate Equivalent in essence.
In order to help teacher thoroughly to explain clamping process and the self-lock mechanism of eccentric fixture, avoid theoretical derive uninteresting jerky, therefore be necessary to have designed a set of eccentric fixture teaching appliance, make the eccentric fixture principle analysis vivid and interesting that becomes, made up a vacancy in jig Design teaching, allow student in experimental implementation, explore eccentric self-locking condition, thereby deepen the understanding to eccentric fixture.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of eccentric fixture instructional device, this device has solved the deficiency in background technology, this device can help teacher thoroughly to explain clamping process and the self-lock mechanism of eccentric fixture, avoids theoretical derive uninteresting jerky, but also manipulative ability and the interest that can cultivate student.
Realizing the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention adopts is:
A kind of eccentric fixture instructional device, at least comprise base and be arranged on the eccentric clamping unit on base, track drawing unit and inclined-plane are from lock unit, described eccentric clamping unit at least comprises eccentric circular shaft, off-centre operation, fixed mount, briquetting, rolling bearing units and sliding axle, described fixed mount and rolling bearing units are all fixed on base, fixed mount is a font, eccentric circular shaft level is arranged in rolling bearing units, off-centre operation is fixed on one end of eccentric circular shaft, and in the same plane with fixed mount, briquetting is arranged on fixed mount and can be slided up and down along fixed mount by sliding axle, the bottom of sliding axle is fixedly connected with briquetting, briquetting is provided with mounting hole, the top of sliding axle is through the slide opening at fixed mount top, on the dual-side of fixed mount, be equipped with vertical chute, the bottom of sliding axle is fixed with crossbeam, the two ends of described crossbeam are all arranged in chute and crossbeam can slide up and down along chute, described briquetting is positioned at the top of off-centre operation, and contacts between the two, described track drawing unit at least comprises gear, tooth bar, slide rail, movable stand and drawing board, paintbrush, slide rail is provided with two, two slide rails parallel and lay respectively at the left and right sides of eccentric clamping unit, tooth bar is installed on wherein on a slide rail, drawing board is vertically arranged on another slide rail, movable stand is arranged between tooth bar and drawing board, both are fixedly connected with, tooth bar and drawing board are along slide rail synchronous slide, one end of described paintbrush is installed in the mounting hole on briquetting, the other end of paintbrush contacts with drawing board, described gear is arranged on the top of tooth bar and is meshed with tooth bar by rolling bearing units, between described gear shaft and eccentric circular shaft, by shaft coupling, be connected, and be provided with clutch coupling between diaxon, described inclined-plane comprises inclined-plane, counterweight piece and leading screw from lock unit, wherein the one end on inclined-plane is arranged on base by hinge, the tow sides on inclined-plane are equipped with slideway, counterweight piece is positioned in the slideway in front, inclined-plane, leading screw is arranged on base and is positioned at the below on inclined-plane, the top of leading screw withstands in the slideway of inclined-plane reverse side, degree of tilt that can adjustable inclined surface apparatus by adjusting screw height.
Described off-centre operation forms by justifying wheel, slide block and lock-screw, and circle wheel is upper has chute along radial direction, and slide block is embedded in chute, and it is upper that lock-screw is fixed on circle wheel by slider locking, and described eccentric circular shaft is fixedly connected with slide block.
On described sliding axle, cover has spring, and described spring is between briquetting and the top of fixed mount.
Described drawing board is glass drawing board, and the water-based paintbrush that paintbrush is erasable is also accompanied with angle gauging tool on glass drawing board.
The slideway in front, described inclined-plane is identical with the roughness on off-centre operation surface, and counterweight piece surface is identical with the roughness on briquetting surface, and slideway equates with the friction factor between off-centre operation and briquetting with the friction factor between counterweight piece.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1, in the present invention, off-centre operation forms by justifying wheel, slide block and lock-screw, and circle wheel is upper has chute along radial direction, and slide block is embedded in chute, therefore the eccentric throw of off-centre operation can regulate, and can realize the exploration of critical eccentricity.2, because eccentric circular shaft and gear shaft needed to disconnect in the debugging eccentric throw stage, and need again synchronous rotation in the track drafting stage, so locate to adopt electromagnetic clutch to connect diaxon, control its disconnected closing, easy-to-operate.3, in the present invention, also adopt gear synchronous technology that eccentric profile is launched into coordinate diagram, inspire student to think deeply contacting between eccentric clamping and wedge clamping.4, in the present invention, drawing board is glass drawing board; paintbrush is the water-based paintbrush of erasable; on glass drawing board, be also accompanied with angle gauging tool; not only can allow student directly observe track drawing process; analyze track characteristic; also be convenient to the mapping of wiping repeatedly, all have angle gauging tool simultaneously on glass drawing board and inclined-plane, angle reads very clear.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of eccentric fixture instructional device provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of eccentric clamping unit;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of track drawing unit;
Fig. 4 is that inclined-plane is from the structural representation of lock unit;
Fig. 5 is the eccentric fixture schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the experiment flow figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure: the eccentric circular shaft of 1-, 2-off-centre operation, 3-fixed mount, 4-briquetting, 5-rolling bearing units, 6-sliding axle, 7-base, 8-crossbeam, 9-spring, 10-gear, 11-tooth bar, 12-slide rail, 13-movable stand, 14-drawing board, 15-gear shaft, 16-clutch coupling, 17-inclined-plane, 18-counterweight piece, 19-hinge, 20-leading screw.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done to detailed specific description, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following examples.
The one-piece construction schematic diagram of eccentric fixture instructional device provided by the invention as shown in Figure 1, comprises base 7 and is arranged on eccentric clamping unit, track drawing unit and inclined-plane on base from lock unit.
The structure of described eccentric clamping unit as shown in Figure 2, comprise eccentric circular shaft 1, off-centre operation 2, fixed mount 3, briquetting 4, rolling bearing units 5 and sliding axle 6, described fixed mount 6 and rolling bearing units 5 are all fixed on base, fixed mount is a font, eccentric circular shaft 1 level is arranged in rolling bearing units, off-centre operation 2 is fixed on one end of eccentric circular shaft 1, and in the same plane with fixed mount 3, described off-centre operation 2 is by circle wheel, slide block and lock-screw form, circle wheel is upper has chute along radial direction, slide block is embedded in chute, lock-screw is fixed on slider locking on circle wheel, described eccentric circular shaft 1 is fixedly connected with slide block.Owing to adopting said structure, so the eccentric throw of off-centre operation can regulate, and can realize the exploration of critical eccentricity.
Briquetting 4 is arranged on fixed mount 3 and can be slided up and down along fixed mount 3 by sliding axle 6, the bottom of sliding axle 6 is fixedly connected with briquetting 4, briquetting 4 is provided with mounting hole, the top of sliding axle 6 is through the slide opening at fixed mount 3 tops, on described sliding axle 6, cover has spring 9, and described spring 9 is between briquetting and the top of fixed mount.On the dual-side of fixed mount, be equipped with vertical chute, the bottom of sliding axle is fixed with crossbeam 8, and the two ends of described crossbeam 8 are all arranged in chute and crossbeam 8 can slide up and down along chute; Described briquetting 4 is positioned at the top of off-centre operation 2, and contacts between the two.Described sliding axle, spring and crossbeam can spring vertical direction motion steadily smooth, do not occur crooked, reverse.
The structure of described track drawing unit as shown in Figure 3, comprise gear 10, tooth bar 11, slide rail 12, movable stand 13 and drawing board 14, paintbrush, slide rail 12 is provided with two, two slide rails 12 parallel and lay respectively at the left and right sides of eccentric clamping unit, tooth bar 11 is installed on wherein on a slide rail, drawing board 14 is vertically arranged on another slide rail, movable stand 13 is arranged between tooth bar 11 and drawing board 14, both are fixedly connected with, tooth bar 11 and drawing board 14 are along slide rail synchronous slide, one end of described paintbrush is installed in the mounting hole on briquetting 4, pass through screw lock, the other end of paintbrush contacts with drawing board 14, described gear 10 is arranged on the top of tooth bar 11 and is meshed with tooth bar 11 by rolling bearing units 5, between described gear shaft 15 and eccentric circular shaft 1, by shaft coupling, be connected, and between diaxon, be provided with clutch coupling 16.
In the present invention, drawing board 14 is glass drawing board; paintbrush is the water-based paintbrush of erasable; on glass drawing board, be also accompanied with angle gauging tool; not only can allow student directly observe track drawing process; analyze track characteristic; also be convenient to the mapping of wiping repeatedly, all have angle gauging tool simultaneously on glass drawing board and inclined-plane, angle reads very clear.
Described inclined-plane from the structure of lock unit as described in Figure 4, comprise inclined-plane 17, counterweight piece 18 and leading screw 20, wherein the one end on inclined-plane 17 is arranged on base 7 by hinge 19, the tow sides on inclined-plane 17 are equipped with slideway, counterweight piece 18 is positioned in the slideway in front, inclined-plane, leading screw 20 is arranged on base 7 and is positioned at the below on inclined-plane 17, and the top of leading screw 20 withstands in the slideway of inclined-plane reverse side, degree of tilt that can adjustable inclined surface apparatus by adjusting screw height.The slideway in front, described inclined-plane is identical with the roughness on off-centre operation surface, and counterweight piece surface is identical with the roughness on briquetting surface, and slideway equates with the friction factor between off-centre operation and briquetting with the friction factor between counterweight piece.
The principle of the eccentric fixture instructional device below the present embodiment being provided is described in detail:
As shown in Figure 5, in the eccentric wheel shown in Fig. 5, its geometric center is C to the eccentric fixture schematic diagram that the present embodiment provides, and diameter is d, and the centre of gyration is O, and eccentric throw is e.As seen from the figure, the eccentric basic circle that this bias train is r by radius and two covers arc wedge MNK is thereon formed.If control handle is contained in to the first half, just can carry out work with the arc wedge of Lower Half.When eccentric wheel is clockwise when O turns round, its centre of gyration to the distance (being turning radius r) that compresses point on eccentric wheel constantly increases, be equivalent to this arc wedge forward wedging between eccentric basic circle and workpiece, thereby by Work-sheet pressing.
Eccentric wheel clamps and is actually a kind of distortion that wedge clamps, clamp and compare with plane wedge, the key distinction is that the lift angle α of each clamping point on its working surface is a parameter, the point that slippage the most easily occurs is while turning round 90 °, this point is the stationary point of " s " shape track, and tangent line inclination angle is maximum, therefore should take this point when considering the complete condition of self-locking of eccentric fixture, be decision criteria, the lift angle α of this point max, must meet α max≤ μ, wherein μ is the angle of friction between off-centre operation and workpiece, only relevant with surface both material.Further derive:
&alpha; max = arcsin ( 2 e d ) &ap; arctg ( 2 e d ) &ap; 2 e d , 2 e d &le; &mu;
Contrast bevel friction condition of self-locking α≤μ, difference is only for α is herein a parameter, so the two can be equivalent.
Can obtain off-centre operation condition of self-locking thus, this is also the core value of eccentric fixture design.Can find out, whether irrelevant, only relevant with surface of contact angle of friction, off-centre operation eccentric throw and diameter with clamping force size eccentric fixture self-locking is.The fastening of off-centre operation and wedge clamp similar, and its condition of self-locking is consistent with inclined-plane condition of self-locking, is surface of contact friction self-locking, the essence of Here it is eccentric fixture.Particularly, off-centre operation does not reach showing as of condition of self-locking resilience and slippage occurs in stationary point.
Object in the present embodiment is in order to verify above-mentioned inference, in the present embodiment, experimental implementation flow process as shown in Figure 6, first be to find critical eccentricity, concrete operations are to disconnect clutch, adopt dichotomy constantly to adjust eccentric distance e, then stir off-centre operation to 90 ° position, until resilience does not just occur off-centre operation when half-twist position;
Eccentric profile stretch-out view while then drawing critical self-locking, concrete operations are closed clutch couplinges, and paintbrush is installed, and utilize handle that gear is shaken to opposite side from tooth bar one side;
Then adjust inclination angle of inclined plane and reach critical friction self-locking, concrete operations are rotating threaded shaft nuts, until static counterweight just starts to slide soon on inclined-plane.
Finally contrast the maximum lift angle α of critical eccentric wheel profile maxwith inclined-plane critical friction Self-locking angle α, can reach a conclusion.

Claims (5)

1. an eccentric fixture instructional device, it is characterized in that: at least comprise base and be arranged on the eccentric clamping unit on base, track drawing unit and inclined-plane are from lock unit, described eccentric clamping unit at least comprises eccentric circular shaft, off-centre operation, fixed mount, briquetting, rolling bearing units and sliding axle, described fixed mount and rolling bearing units are all fixed on base, fixed mount is a font, eccentric circular shaft level is arranged in rolling bearing units, off-centre operation is fixed on one end of eccentric circular shaft, and in the same plane with fixed mount, briquetting is arranged on fixed mount and can be slided up and down along fixed mount by sliding axle, the bottom of sliding axle is fixedly connected with briquetting, briquetting is provided with mounting hole, the top of sliding axle is through the slide opening at fixed mount top, on the dual-side of fixed mount, be equipped with vertical chute, the bottom of sliding axle is fixed with crossbeam, the two ends of described crossbeam are all arranged in chute and crossbeam can slide up and down along chute, described briquetting is positioned at the top of off-centre operation, and contacts between the two, described track drawing unit at least comprises gear, tooth bar, slide rail, movable stand and drawing board, paintbrush, slide rail is provided with two, two slide rails parallel and lay respectively at the left and right sides of eccentric clamping unit, tooth bar is installed on wherein on a slide rail, drawing board is vertically arranged on another slide rail, movable stand is arranged between tooth bar and drawing board, both are fixedly connected with, tooth bar and drawing board are along slide rail synchronous slide, one end of described paintbrush is installed in the mounting hole on briquetting, the other end of paintbrush contacts with drawing board, described gear is arranged on the top of tooth bar and is meshed with tooth bar by rolling bearing units, between described gear shaft and eccentric circular shaft, by shaft coupling, be connected, and be provided with clutch coupling between diaxon, described inclined-plane comprises inclined-plane, counterweight piece and leading screw from lock unit, wherein the one end on inclined-plane is arranged on base by hinge, the tow sides on inclined-plane are equipped with slideway, counterweight piece is positioned in the slideway in front, inclined-plane, leading screw is arranged on base and is positioned at the below on inclined-plane, the top of leading screw withstands in the slideway of inclined-plane reverse side, degree of tilt that can adjustable inclined surface apparatus by adjusting screw height.
2. eccentric fixture instructional device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described off-centre operation forms by justifying wheel, slide block and lock-screw, circle wheel is upper has chute along radial direction, slide block is embedded in chute, it is upper that lock-screw is fixed on circle wheel by slider locking, and described eccentric circular shaft is fixedly connected with slide block.
3. eccentric fixture instructional device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described sliding axle, cover has spring, and described spring is between briquetting and the top of fixed mount.
4. eccentric fixture instructional device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described drawing board is glass drawing board, and the water-based paintbrush that paintbrush is erasable, is also accompanied with angle gauging tool on glass drawing board.
5. eccentric fixture instructional device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the slideway in front, described inclined-plane is identical with the roughness on off-centre operation surface, counterweight piece surface is identical with the roughness on briquetting surface, and slideway equates with the friction factor between off-centre operation and briquetting with the friction factor between counterweight piece.
CN201410282771.4A 2014-06-23 2014-06-23 A kind of eccentric fixture instructional device Expired - Fee Related CN104050865B (en)

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CN104050865B CN104050865B (en) 2016-02-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104476603A (en) * 2014-12-07 2015-04-01 遵义市宝海农用物资研发有限公司 Clamping device for polyfoam cutting
CN110379286A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-10-25 焦作师范高等专科学校 A kind of mechanism kinematic model suitable for teaching

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CN203459861U (en) * 2013-09-17 2014-03-05 安徽三兴检测有限公司 Clamp for fixing multi-specification test piece, allowing multiple positions to be welded, and allowing two persons to weld simultaneously
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104476603A (en) * 2014-12-07 2015-04-01 遵义市宝海农用物资研发有限公司 Clamping device for polyfoam cutting
CN110379286A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-10-25 焦作师范高等专科学校 A kind of mechanism kinematic model suitable for teaching

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