CN104048909A - Test method for simulating aging of silicone rubber composite sleeve - Google Patents
Test method for simulating aging of silicone rubber composite sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN104048909A CN104048909A CN201410285650.5A CN201410285650A CN104048909A CN 104048909 A CN104048909 A CN 104048909A CN 201410285650 A CN201410285650 A CN 201410285650A CN 104048909 A CN104048909 A CN 104048909A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for simulating aging of a silicone rubber composite sleeve. The test is executed by a corona aging acceleration device; the corona aging acceleration device is provided with a needle electrode and an arch electrode; the needle electrode is connected to a high-voltage alternating-current power supply; the arch electrode is a grounding electrode; a tested silicone rubber test sheet is placed between the two electrodes. The test method comprises the steps of pretreatment, corona aging acceleration device arrangement, corona test, aging degree detection and the like. According to the method, the mechanical stress, which is from an internal epoxy glass steel pipe, on the silicone rubber composite sleeve under a normal running condition can be effectively simulated, and an aging progress of a silicone rubber material can be accelerated; the test method has the characteristics of simplicity in operation and high reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aging testing method of testing of materials technical field, particularly a kind of silastic material.
Background technology
Silicone rubber composite bushing series of products are high-tech products of the nineties in 20th century, and composite bushing is generally made up of galss fiber reinforced resin sleeve and silicon rubber umbrella sheath, and composite bushing inside is supported by cylindrical expoxy glass steel pipe.Galss fiber reinforced resin sleeve as interior insulation time, also plays said mechanical support function.Silicon rubber umbrella sheath, on the one hand as good external insulation, also plays the effect that protection resin bushing is avoided severe atmospheric environment invasion and attack on the other hand.In electrical equipment uses, silicone rubber composite bushing is compared with porcelain bushing shell, have that physical strength is high, durability against pollution is strong, volume is little, lightweight, be difficult for broken, be convenient to the advantages such as packaging and transport and favored.
But because the external insulation of silicone rubber composite bushing is organic composite material, its stability is poorer than inorganic material porcelain bushing shell.This is because under environmental factor independent role, the performance of organic material can because of various physical changes and chemical change deteriorated, under the acting in conjunction of electric field, mechanical load and environmental factor, organic material performance can be further deteriorated simultaneously.Therefore along with the increase of the operation time limit, the full skirt of composite bushing and jacket surface are prone to the catabiosis such as be full of cracks, efflorescence, hydrophobic nature decline, elasticity minimizing.
The effect that sheath is subject to external environment and electric field in normal course of operation there will be the phenomenon of expanding with heat and contract with cold, silicone rubber sleeve is equivalent to be subject to the mechanical stress from inner expoxy glass steel pipe, but because composite bushing time of putting into operation is also not long, there is no comprehensive, deep research for silicone rubber composite bushing aging.At present the impact of the suffered mechanical stress of composite bushing is accelerated not consider in test method that silicon rubber is aging in laboratory.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the defect that overcomes prior art, a kind of test method that silicone rubber composite bushing is aging of simulating is provided, can effectively simulate silicone rubber composite bushing suffered mechanical stress from inner epoxy glass reinforced plastic pipe under normal operation, and accelerate the ager process of silastic material, there is feature easy and simple to handle, reliability is high.
Technical matters of the present invention realizes with following technical proposals:
A kind ofly simulate the test method that silicone rubber composite bushing is aging, described test adopts corona device for fast detecting aged sample to carry out, described corona device for fast detecting aged sample is provided with pin electrode and arch electrode, pin electrode is connected on high-voltage ac power, arch electrode is as ground-electrode, and tested silicon rubber test piece is placed between two electrodes;
Test is carried out as follows:
A, pre-service: from cutting silicon rubber test piece with the silastic material of the identical material of silicone rubber composite bushing, clean and be dried processing;
B, silicon rubber test piece is placed on arch electrode, the both sides of silicon rubber test piece are separately fixed in lower plate, the mechanical stress being subject to by promoting the test piece of arch electrode simulation silicon rubber; The distance of adjusting between pin electrode and silicon rubber test piece is 10mm;
C, corona test: the pin electrode in corona device for fast detecting aged sample is connected to the high-pressure side of corona test circuit, the voltage applying is 10kv, and arch electrode grounding, switches on power, pin electrode continues silicon rubber test piece electric discharge, and test period is 80 h-120h;
D, detection degree of aging: after test, utilize fourier spectrometer method to detect the degree of aging of silicon rubber test piece, detect the corresponding 800cm of each group in the silastic material that is subject to mechanical stress
-1~ 3500cm
-1absorption peak, show the degree of aging of silastic material by above-mentioned absorption peak and the difference of the corresponding each group absorption peak of not stressed silastic material.
The aging test method of above-mentioned simulation silicone rubber composite bushing, described corona device for fast detecting aged sample is made up of pin electrode, arch electrode, upper plate, lower plate and upper plate pillar; The bottom surface of upper plate arranges pin electrode, and the arch electrode corresponding with pin electrode is set in lower plate, and arch electrode bottom arranges prestress governor motion; Arch radius-of-curvature and the composite bushing internal diameter of described arch electrode match, and in the arcuate surface activity of arch electrode, pressure transducer are set, by the suffered stress of determination of pressure sensor silicon rubber test piece.
The aging test method of above-mentioned simulation silicone rubber composite bushing, described prestress governor motion comprises supporting plate and the adjusting bolt with supporting plate socket, supporting plate is fixed on arch electrode bottom, adjusting bolt through lower plate and with lower plate threaded engagement.
The aging test method of above-mentioned simulation silicone rubber composite bushing, described arch electrode is the rectangular parallelepiped that the end face be made up of red copper is arch, and arch is semi-circular arch, and the diameter of semi-circular arch is 5cm.
The present invention detects by corona device for fast detecting aged sample the impact that mechanical stress is aging on composite bushing, corona device for fast detecting aged sample is that traditional single needle-plate electric discharge device is improved, change the bottom crown of plane into arch, and on arch pole plate placement force sensor, to detect the force-bearing situation of silicon rubber test piece.Adopt on the one hand arch electrode can simulate silicone rubber composite bushing suffered mechanical stress from inner epoxy glass reinforced plastic pipe under ruuning situation, and by changing the size of mechanical stress, simulate the impact that different mechanical stresses is aging on composite bushing.By silastic material being applied to mechanical stress, to accelerate its corona aging on the other hand, detect mechanical stress to composite bushing burn-in effects in, the aging speed that has effectively accelerated silicon rubber test piece, shortens the test period.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of corona device for fast detecting aged sample of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of corona device for fast detecting aged sample of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is corona accelerated aging test circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
In figure, each list of reference numerals is: 1, upper plate, 2, upper plate pillar, 3, silicon rubber test piece, 4, arch electrode, 5, lower plate, 6, fixed screw, 7, pressure transducer, 8, pin electrode, 9, upper crab bolt, 10, fixed head, 11, supporting plate, 12, adjusting bolt, P, power supply, OS, oscillograph, T, transformer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, corona device for fast detecting aged sample comprises pin electrode 8, arch electrode 4, upper plate 1, lower plate 5 and upper plate pillar 2, wherein pin electrode 8 and the arch electrode 4 pin-plate electrode that partners, the distance between upper plate 1 and lower plate 5 can regulate by the upper crab bolt 9 on upper plate pillar 2.The bottom surface of upper plate 1 arranges pin electrode 8, and pin electrode 8 is corona source, and the arch electrode 4 corresponding with pin electrode 8 is set in lower plate 5, and arch electrode 4 is ground electrode, is made up the earthing pole that lower plate 5 is made for stainless steel of red copper.
The shape of arch electrode 4 is that upper surface is the rectangular parallelepiped of arch, and arch is curved surface semi-circular arch upwards.The size of its underpart rectangular parallelepiped is respectively long 10cm, wide 10cm, high 5cm, and the semicircle diameter of top semi-circular arch is 5cm.On the semi-circular arch of arch electrode 4, activity arranges pressure transducer 7.Arch electrode 4 bottoms arrange prestress governor motion.Prestress governor motion comprises supporting plate 11 and adjusting bolt 12, and supporting plate 11 is fixed on arch electrode 4 bottoms, and adjusting bolt 12 is socketed through lower plate 5 and supporting plate 11, threaded engagement between adjusting bolt 12 and lower plate 5.Rotation adjusting bolt 12, prestress governor motion promotes arch electrode 4.In the lower plate 5 of arch electrode 4 both sides, be respectively equipped with groove, have fixed head 10 in groove, the two ends of fixed head 10 are fixed by fixed screw 6.
Carry out wiring according to Fig. 3 circuit theory diagrams; corona test circuit comprises low-pressure side and high-pressure side; low-pressure side comprises power supply P, pressure regulator and the overcurrent protector of series connection, and power supply P is 220V alternating current, and overcurrent protector can prevent that on high-tension side pin-plate electrode from puncturing the short circuit overcurrent causing.Low-pressure side is by pressure regulator (0 ~ 250v) and transformer T(230v/10kv) be connected, after transformation, be connected to high-pressure side, the no-load voltage ratio of transformer T is 10000:1.High-pressure side comprises pin-plate electrode in parallel and resistance-type high voltage meter, pin electrode 8 in pin-plate electrode is directly connected with the high-pressure side of transformer T, after plate electrode (being arch electrode 4) series connection measuring resistance R, be connected with the low pressure end of transformer T, the resistance of measuring resistance R is 100 Ω.Oscillograph OS introduces two paths of signals from two resistance low pressure end middle and plate electrode of high voltage meter simultaneously.Whether oscillograph OS can there is corona discharge in display circuit, carries out in corona situation with warranty test.
Concrete test procedure of the present invention is as follows:
A, pre-service: get and the square silicon rubber test piece 3 of the identical material of silicone rubber composite bushing, it is of a size of length and width is 30cm, thickness 5mm, by silicon rubber test piece 3 two sides wiped clean dry processing.
B, in corona device for fast detecting aged sample, silicon rubber test piece 3 is taken on the pressure transducer 7 that is placed on arch electrode 4, its two relative limits are stretched in groove, block with fixed head 10, and by four fixed screws 6 by fixing fixed head 10.Rotation adjusting bolt 12, the arch electrode 4 on supporting plate 11 and its top is with respect to upwards translation of lower plate 5, and because adjusting bolt 12 and supporting plate 11 are socketed, supporting plate 11 does not rotate.Along with arch electrode 4 rises, suffered the upwarding pressure of silicon rubber test piece 3 increases gradually.Measure suffered mechanical stress by pressure transducer 7, while reaching default stress value, in adjusting bolt 12, make a mark.Reverse adjusting bolt 12 after dynamometry completes, takes out pressure transducer 7.By mark, adjusting bolt 12 is threaded to same position.The suffered mechanical stress of now silicon rubber test piece 3 is default stress.Distance between metering needle electrode 8 and silicon rubber test piece 3 reaches 10mm.The scope of default mechanical stress is 1N-10N, and the stress value of scope can not cause aging test DeGrain because mechanical stress is too small, do not reach test objective; Avoid again that the mechanical stress that applies is excessive causes tearing of silastic material.
C, mounted corona device for fast detecting aged sample access corona test circuit is carried out to corona accelerated aging test.Switch on power, applying voltage is 10kv, and test period is 80h-120h.After test, silicon rubber test piece 3 is carried out to examination of infrared spectrum.
D, employing fourier spectrometer method are analyzed the degree of aging of silicon rubber test piece, first gather the infrared spectrum of background when examination of infrared spectrum, on ZnSn prism, do not place test product, collect the infrared spectrum (background infrared spectrogram) of air and moisture; Then silicon rubber test piece 3 is put on ZnSe prism, notices ensureing that test surfaces fits tightly with prism, the infrared spectrum of collecting sample after compressing, instrument can automatic background correction, the infrared spectrum of demonstration test product.The corresponding 800cm of each group measure silastic material in the collection of illustrative plates of infrared spectrum in
-1~ 3500cm
-1absorption peak peak height value to IR spectrum quantitative analysis.Show the degree of aging of silastic material by above-mentioned absorption peak and the difference of the corresponding each group absorption peak of not stressed silastic material.
Infrared spectrum typically refers to organic substance under the radiation of continuous infrared light, optionally absorbs wherein after some wavelength light, records the absorption band forming with infrared spectrometer.Fourier spectrometer method is utilized the corresponding relation between interferogram and spectrogram, by measuring interferogram and spectrogram is measured and studied to the method that interferogram carries out Fourier integral transform.Fourier spectrometer is higher than the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of conventional spectrometers and resolution; Its digitized spectroscopic data simultaneously, the computing machine of being convenient to data is processed and deduces.
Embodiment 1
Silicon rubber test piece is carried out to pre-service, test piece is put into corona device for fast detecting aged sample, apply the mechanical stress of 5N.By the corona device for fast detecting aged sample access corona test circuit with test piece, carry out corona test.After 100 hours, take out test piece, carry out quantitative test with infrared spectrum.
Carry out control test with the test piece of identical material, test piece is put into traditional pin-plate electrode, the plate electrode of traditional pin-plate electrode is slab construction, and test piece is placed on plate electrode, is not subject to the effect of mechanical stress.Pin-plate electrode of putting into test piece is accessed to identical corona test circuit and carry out corona test, experiment condition is identical.After test, test piece is carried out to Infrared spectroscopy.
Composite bushing outer insulating material is made up of high-temperature silicon disulfide rubber, and silastic material is to adopt polysiloxane (being rubber) to add reinforced filling, vulcanizing agent, and under high temperature, interlinkage forms.The principal ingredient of rubber is dimethyl siloxane (Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS), and silastic material main molecules structure is,
In the molecular structure of silicon rubber, main chain is made up of Si-O-Si, and side chain is made up of methyl.From the collection of illustrative plates of infrared spectrum, can find out, functional group's (group) of reflection backbone breaking situation is Si-O-Si, and its corresponding wave number in individual features peak (absorption peak) is 1000~1100cm
-1; The group of reflection side chain crack conditions is Si-CH
3, the corresponding wave number of characteristic peak is 1260cm
-1, at 800cm
-1the absorption peak at place is group Si-(CH
3)
2corresponding absorption peak, 3000cm
-1peak be the absorption peak of group C-H, 3200 ~ 3500cm
-1place is the peak that OH is corresponding.
The peak height value of absorption peak is corresponding to the degree of aging of silastic material.Test piece absorption peak to twice test is analyzed, and result is as shown in table 1:
The absorption peak that table 1 test piece is subject to 5N stress and does not stress in collection of illustrative plates
Can find out from the analysis result of infrared spectrum collection of illustrative plates, in the situation that being subject to additional mechanical stress, the absorption peak that in silastic material, each group is corresponding is all low than not stressed, illustrates that stressed rear silastic material degree of aging is serious.
Embodiment 2
Select material, big or small identical silicon rubber test piece, in identical corona device for fast detecting aged sample, change the suffered mechanical stress of silicon rubber, carry out same corona aging test.The mechanical stress value of setting is respectively 1N, 5N, 10N, test period 110h.Adopt identical method, in traditional pin-plate electrode, silicon rubber test piece is carried out to control test simultaneously.After experiment, check the absorption peak of suffered different mechanical stress and the silicon rubber test piece not stressing.Corona effect makes silicon rubber test piece surface produce radical reaction and make silastic polymer molecule occur to be cross-linked, surperficial roughening.Can intuitive judgment silastic material degree of aging by inspection degree of roughness.
The testing result of the suffered different mechanical stress test pieces of table 2
Can find out from the analysis result of infrared spectrum collection of illustrative plates, along with being subject to the increase of additional mechanical stress, Si-O-Si major key absorption peak reduces, and and the Si-O-Si absorption peak of the silicon rubber test piece that do not stress between difference strengthen, increase along with mechanical stress is described, silastic material degree of aging increases.
Claims (4)
1. simulate the test method that silicone rubber composite bushing is aging for one kind, it is characterized in that, described test adopts corona device for fast detecting aged sample to carry out, described corona device for fast detecting aged sample is provided with pin electrode (8) and arch electrode (4), pin electrode (8) is connected on high-voltage ac power, arch electrode (4) is as ground-electrode, and tested silicon rubber test piece (3) is placed between two electrodes;
Test is carried out as follows:
A, pre-service: from cutting silicon rubber test piece (3) with the silastic material of the identical material of silicone rubber composite bushing, clean and be dried processing;
B, that silicon rubber test piece (3) is placed on to arch electrode (4) is upper, and it is upper that the both sides of silicon rubber test piece (3) are separately fixed at lower plate (5), the mechanical stress being subject to by promoting arch electrode (4) simulation silicon rubber test piece (3); The distance of adjusting between pin electrode (8) and silicon rubber test piece (3) is 10mm;
C, corona test: the high-pressure side that the pin electrode in corona device for fast detecting aged sample (8) is connected to corona test circuit, the voltage applying is 10kv, and arch electrode (4) ground connection, switches on power, pin electrode (8) continues silicon rubber test piece (3) electric discharge, and test period is 80 h-120h;
D, detection degree of aging: after test, utilize fourier spectrometer method to detect the degree of aging of silicon rubber test piece (3), detect the corresponding 800cm of each group in the silastic material that is subject to mechanical stress
-1~ 3500cm
-1absorption peak, show the degree of aging of silastic material by above-mentioned absorption peak and the difference of the corresponding each group absorption peak of not stressed silastic material.
2. the aging test method of simulation silicone rubber composite bushing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described corona device for fast detecting aged sample is made up of pin electrode (8), arch electrode (4), upper plate (1), lower plate (5) and upper plate pillar (2); The bottom surface of upper plate (1) arranges pin electrode (8), and at the upper setting of lower plate (5) the arch electrode (4) corresponding with pin electrode (8), arch electrode (4) bottom arranges prestress governor motion; Arch radius-of-curvature and the composite bushing internal diameter of described arch electrode (4) match, and in the arcuate surface activity of arch electrode (4), pressure transducer (7) are set, and measure the suffered stress of silicon rubber test piece (3) by pressure transducer (7).
3. the aging test method of simulation silicone rubber composite bushing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described prestress governor motion comprises supporting plate (11) and the adjusting bolt (12) with supporting plate (11) socket, supporting plate (11) is fixed on arch electrode (4) bottom, adjusting bolt (12) through lower plate (5) and with lower plate (5) threaded engagement.
4. the aging test method of simulation silicone rubber composite bushing according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described arch electrode (4) is the rectangular parallelepiped that the end face be made up of red copper is arch, and arch is semi-circular arch, and the diameter of semi-circular arch is 5cm.
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Cited By (3)
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CN106018069A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-12 | 上海阀门五厂有限公司 | Diaphragm structure capable of measuring tensile stress-strain performance of rubber |
CN106199246A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-12-07 | 华北电力大学(保定) | A kind of fast evaluation method of composite insulator degree of aging |
CN114199671A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-18 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Mechanical-thermal synergistic accelerated aging test platform |
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Cited By (4)
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