CN104048692B - Use the sensor self diagnosis of multiple signal path - Google Patents
Use the sensor self diagnosis of multiple signal path Download PDFInfo
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- CN104048692B CN104048692B CN201410097855.0A CN201410097855A CN104048692B CN 104048692 B CN104048692 B CN 104048692B CN 201410097855 A CN201410097855 A CN 201410097855A CN 104048692 B CN104048692 B CN 104048692B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/88—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
- B60T8/885—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means using electrical circuitry
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/02—Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
- B60W50/0205—Diagnosing or detecting failures; Failure detection models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
- G01D3/08—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for safeguarding the apparatus, e.g. against abnormal operation, against breakdown
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0023—Electronic aspects, e.g. circuits for stimulation, evaluation, control; Treating the measured signals; calibration
- G01R33/0035—Calibration of single magnetic sensors, e.g. integrated calibration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2250/00—Monitoring, detecting, estimating vehicle conditions
- B60T2250/06—Sensor zero-point adjustment; Offset compensation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
- B60T2270/40—Failsafe aspects of brake control systems
- B60T2270/413—Plausibility monitoring, cross check, redundancy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
- B60W2050/0002—Automatic control, details of type of controller or control system architecture
- B60W2050/0004—In digital systems, e.g. discrete-time systems involving sampling
- B60W2050/0005—Processor details or data handling, e.g. memory registers or chip architecture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
- B60W2050/0043—Signal treatments, identification of variables or parameters, parameter estimation or state estimation
- B60W2050/0047—Digital-analogue (D/A) or analogue-digital (A/D) conversion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/02—Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
- B60W50/0205—Diagnosing or detecting failures; Failure detection models
- B60W2050/0215—Sensor drifts or sensor failures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
Each embodiment relates to use the self diagnosis of multiple signal path and/or the system and method for error detection in sensor and other system.In one embodiment, sensing system includes at least two sensor, such as magnetic field sensor and the signal path separated with each sensors association in this sensor.First signal path is alternatively coupled to first sensor and the first digital signal processor (DSP), and secondary signal path is alternatively coupled to the second sensor and the 2nd DSP.Signal from a DSP and the signal from the 2nd DSP can be on sheets or off-chip compares fault, mistake or the out of Memory relevant with the operation of sensing system with detection.The embodiment of these systems and/or method can be arranged to meet or exceed associated safety or other industry standard, such as safety integrity level (SIL) standard.
Description
Relevant application
The application is No. 12/889,749 U. S. application of JIUYUE in 2010 submission on the 24th
Part continuation application (CIP), it is hereby incorporated by by quoting completely.
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to integrated circuit (IC) sensor and relate more specifically to make
With the IC sensor self diagnosis of multiple communication signal path.
Background technology
As a part for vehicle electronics aspect development, recently becoming of Automobile drive technology
Gesture is for the passive safety system such as seat belt and air bag set up, and will pass through active safety
System such as anti-lock braking system (ABS), electric stabilizing system (ESP) and electric rotating
Extend to system, to provide the driver assistance function of increase scope.As in transmission
Situation about continuing for some time in system is such, and system complexity is the most also continuously increased to examine
Survey dangerous driving situation and help avoid accident by the pro-active intervention of control system.
Along with current technological development, these trend are expected to continue in the future and become higher.
There is the electronic unit number with security-related function dramatically increase therewith and drawn
Play the unprecedented requirement in terms of reliability and system availability.In order to realize this
A little meet cost objective, it is desirable to be developed for together with redundancy by integrated survey simultaneously
The function of method for testing is from the high efficiency method monitored.Meanwhile, in method for designing expectation progressive with
Just can identify and avoid possible weakness in the security system early.Such as pass in magnetic field
In sensor field, this is completed by introducing safety integrity level (SIL) standard.
In order to meet SIL standard in automotive field, it is desirable to the most on startup but also just
Often implement and use include the corresponding self-test of Built-in Self Test and automatically monitor during operation
Structure or corresponding redundancy feature block and/or signal path.Conventional magnetic sensors system, concrete
Measuring system for linear Hall has used single channel to simulate main signal.Use this concept
It is difficult to technically or even may may not come in safety-critical is applied, meet SIL want
Ask.The most only cover safety requirements with a sensing system.Therefore,
Other conventional solution has used two same redundant magnetic field sensors to want to meet SIL
Ask.It is apparent that the distinct disadvantage of these solutions is for two sensors rather than one
The multiplication of the corresponding cost of sensor.Other solutions more propose in signal frequency range
The superposition test signal defined in addition, the magnetic field sensing such as with accessory plate upper conductor loop
Device or there is the pressure transducer superposing electrostatic coupling with this sensor.
Need nonetheless remain for the reliable and sensing system of high performance-price ratio and method, the most satisfied
SIL and/or the sensing system of other applicable safety criterion and method.
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment, a kind of monolithic integrated optical circuit sensing system includes: first passes
Sensor device, is arranged to the use sensing physical characteristic and being coupled on semiconductor chip
The the first signal road including the first digital signal processor (DSP) in first sensor signal
Footpath, a DSP provides the first output signal；And second sensor component, it is configured to use
In sensing the physical characteristic identical with first sensor device and being coupled on semiconductor chip
The secondary signal path for the second sensor signal, secondary signal path and the first signal
Path is different and includes that the 2nd DSP, the 2nd DSP provide the second output signal, Qi Zhong
The comparison of one output signal and the second output signal can detect the mistake in sensing system.
In one embodiment, a kind of signal compared in monolithic integrated optical circuit sensing system
Method include: on single semiconductor chip implement include master reference and first numeral letter
The main signal of number processor (DSP)；Single semiconductor chip is implemented include time biography
Sensor and the secondary signal path of the 2nd DSP, main and secondary sensor in response to same physical,
Secondary signal path is different from main signal, and the 2nd DSP is according in framework or function
At least one be different from a DSP；And compare the output signal and second of a DSP
The output signal of DSP.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following specifically describes of various embodiments of the present invention can be considered in conjunction with the accompanying completeer
Arrange and solve the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1A describes the system block diagram according to an embodiment.
Figure 1B describes another system block diagram according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 describes the system block diagram of the embodiment according to Figure 1A.
Fig. 3 describes the system block diagram of the embodiment according to Figure 1B.
Fig. 4 describes the block diagram of the digital core of the embodiment according to Fig. 3.
Although the present invention can have various amendment and alterative version, but passes through the most in the accompanying drawings
Example illustrates and will be described in detail its details.It is to be understood that be not intended to make this
The bright specific embodiment being limited to describe.Just the opposite, it is intended that to cover and fall into such as appended power
Profit requires all modifications, equivalent and alternative in the spirit and scope of the present invention of definition.
Detailed description of the invention
Each embodiment relates to use multiple signal path in sensor and other system
Self diagnosis and/or the system and method for error detection.In one embodiment, sensor system
System include at least two sensor ratio such as magnetic field sensor and with each sensor in sensor
The signal path of the separation of association.First signal path is alternatively coupled to first sensor and
One digital signal processor (DSP), and secondary signal path is alternatively coupled to the second sensing
Device and the 2nd DSP.Can on sheet or off-chip compare from a DSP signal with from
The signal of the 2nd DSP with the detection fault relevant with the operation of sensing system, mistake or
Out of Memory.The embodiment of these systems and/or method can be arranged to meet or super
Cross associated safety or other industry standard, such as SIL standard.
SIL standard can include automobile SIL or ASIL.SIL can be by IEC61508
Standard defines, and ASIL can be defined by ISO/DIS26262 standard.These standards
Aim at minimizing can include software, hardware and other be mutually associated integrated or mutual
Failure risk in the system become increasingly complex of connection member.There are appointment and system or portion
Four different brackets of the risk class of part association (are i.e. used for 1-4's and ASIL of SIL
A-D).Class 4 or D are the highest, demanding class, and grade 1 or A is
Low, least demanding class.
Figure 1A describes the conceptual schema of the sensing system 100 according to an embodiment.System
System 100 includes the first sensor 102 each communicated with digital signal processor (DSP) 103
With the second sensor 104.In one embodiment, first sensor the 102, second sensor
104 and DSP103 are included on one single chip 105 monolithic integrated optical circuit implemented, and
DSP103 communicates with external electronic control unit (ECU) 106.
A sensor in each sensor is main sensors or master reference.At figure
In the embodiment of 1A, sensor 102 is master reference, and sensor 104 is time sensor.
As discussed in more detail below like that, master reference 102 is via main signal and DSP
103 communications, and secondary sensor 104 is via time letter the most different with main signal
Number path and communicate with DSP103.
In the embodiment of Figure 1B, each signal path includes different DSP: main signal road
Footpath includes a DSP103a, and secondary signal path includes the 2nd DSP103b.Each
DSP103a with 103b communicates with control unit 106.Such as carried out on chankings such as at figure
1B describes and the comparison that will be discussed in more detail below, the most in one embodiment can be to
Control unit 106 passes on individual signals, or the most each DSP103a and
103b can pass on single signal to control unit 106.
With reference to the arbitrary width figure in Figure 1A or Figure 1B, secondary sensor 104 and correspondence thereof
Secondary signal path be usually the most inaccurate when comparing with master reference 102, slower and/or
More noises；Different operating principle is used to operate；And/or include other sensing task
Sensor.Secondary sensor 104 therefore can be more less expensive than master reference 102 and can also
Have about on the cost of system 100 and the influential location of complexity, chip area and its
Less constraint of its factor.These sensing task can include metrophia compensation signal, such as
Temperature, mechanical pressure, built-in function or bias voltage, operation or bias current and/
Or the measurement of other more simple targets.Sensor 102 and 104 bag the most in one embodiment
Include magnetic field sensor, and the target measurement of such sensor will be magnetic field.But,
In embodiment, secondary sensor 104 can include multiple sensor or sensor array, ratio
As in one exemplary embodiment for mirror image master reference 102 magnetic field sensor with
And temperature sensor and pressure transducer.
But, in one embodiment, can true with master reference and signal path
Property relatively in use time sensor and signal path.It addition, secondary sensor and signal path can
For master reference and the checking of signal path and fault detect.Such configuration is permissible
Some advantages are provided.First SIL can be realized compatible.Secondly, with conventional solution
Relatively can realize size and cost advantages, and can perform in the normal operation period to test oneself
Try and there is no significant additional hardware.Furthermore it is possible to implement Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
Additional self-test feature with signal processing software.In addition it is also possible to reduce field failure and
Return rate, thus improve in both sides (i.e. for original chip manufacturer and implement chip
Client) on cost performance.
With reference to Fig. 2, describe sensing system 200 based on the concept described in figure ia
The block diagram of an embodiment.System 200 includes that main field sensor 202 and time magnetic field pass
Sensor 204, such as Hall effect or magnetic resistance (xMR, include GMR, AMR, TMR
Deng), but sensor 202 and 204 can be other type of biography in other embodiments
Sensor and be not limited to magnetic field sensor.Sensor 202 conceptually with above by reference to Figure 1A and
Figure 1B discuss sensor 102 similar, and sensor 204 conceptually with above by reference to figure
The sensor 104 that 1A with Figure 1B discusses is similar.
System 200 also includes being also regarded as time sensor, aiding sensors or auxiliary sensor
One or more additional sensor 208.Sensor 208 can wrap in various embodiments
Include temperature, pressure, electric current, magnetic field or some other sensor forms.
In one embodiment, master reference 202 and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) part
220 communications.DSP part 220 again can via input/output 210 and external ECU or
(referring for example to Figure 1A's) other control unit communicates.According to an embodiment, sensor
202 communicate with DSP part 220 via different signal path with 204, these signal paths
Structurally different analog signal path, mixed signal path and at some can be included
Digital signal path and process and software part is included in degree.In fig. 2, thick line is used
The main signal associated with master reference 202 is shown, and with the most shown in phantom with sensing
The secondary signal path of device 204 association.
The most in the embodiment of fig. 2, main signal can be changed to modulus (A/D)
Device 212 and A/D translated channel crossover switch 214 passes on the letter of autonomic sensor 202
Number.Secondary signal path passes on the signal from secondary sensor 204 to multiplexer 216, and this is multiple
Also any signal is received as input from additional or auxiliary sensor 208 with device.Secondary signal road
Then footpath continues to the second A/D converter 218 from MUX216, the 2nd A/D conversion
Device also sends its output to crossover switch 214.
In one embodiment, the unit of main signal and the unit not phase of time signal path
Same and/or use different operating principle is implemented.Such as, the A/D in main signal turns
Parallel operation 212 can include three rank sigma-delta transducers, and the A/D in secondary signal path
Transducer 218 can include single order sigma-delta transducer, or in A/D converter
One or more A/D converter can utilize successive approximation register (SAR) or dodge
Deposit technology rather than sigma-delta.In other words, with secondary this sensor of sensor 204(
204 be usually the most inaccurate when comparing with master reference 102, slower and/or more noise,
Use different operating principle to operate and/or include the sensor of other sensing task) equally,
For A/D converter 218, when comparing with A/D converter 212, this equally sets up.
The output of crossover switch 214 associates with main signal and time both signal paths
And feed to Digital Signal Processing (DSP) part 220.DSP220 in one embodiment
Including state machine 222, clamper algorithm 224 and memory matrix 226.General with main signal
Reading consistent with time signal path concept, DSP220 also includes first associated with main signal
Software section and the second software section associated with secondary signal path.Additionally or alternatively,
DSP220 can also implement for main signal and the different DSP methods of time signal path
Or technology.In one embodiment, DSP220 is coupled to I/O210 via interface 228,
And I/O210 is coupled to again external ECU (not describing in fig. 2).
Main signal thus can provide two redundancy different, quasi-simulations with time signal path
Signal path, the two signal path provides many beneficial properties.Such as via main signal road
Footpath sends main field signal from sensor 202 in the circulating cycle can provide the calculating of high precision
As a result, wherein main signal itself at least with secondary signal path such as by use copped wave
Or other technology the most accurately and rapidly to operate.Main signal is also independent and free
Operate and do not affected by other system unit.
For analysis purpose, secondary signal path also provides for control unit its data of offer
Probability, wherein can process the data with positive sign or negative sign in this control unit.
Illustrate from DSP220 to the possible parallel output of interface 228 and I/O210 in system 200,
Can also such as utilize time division multiplex simultaneously or on-demand enforcement is successively as external request
Transmission.
Sensor 202 and 204 and alternatively 208 can be about their measured value, bag
Include process, technical performance and specification, size and/or the layout of sensor 202 and 204 itself
And biasing utilizes different sensing principle.One embodiment of system 200 includes two bands
Gap offset portion 230 and 232 and biasing compare 234.Offset portion 230 and main signal road
Footpath associates, and offset portion 232 associates with time signal path.Offset portion 230 and 232
The options of the different biasings of sensor 102 and 104 are provided respectively, and bias compare 234 can
To provide output signal for consideration to DSP220.
The embodiment of system 200 can also be via A/D converter 212 and 218 and hand over
Pitch switch 214 and utilize different A/D conversion and/or switching concept.Such as, such as first premise
As arriving, the A/D converter 212 in main signal can include three rank
Sigma-delta transducer, and the A/D converter 218 in secondary signal path can include
Single order sigma-delta transducer, or one or more A/D in A/D converter turns
Parallel operation can utilize successive approximation register (SAR) or flash memory technology rather than
sigma-delta.In various embodiments, these different A/D conversions and/or switching concept can
To provide different faults behavior and/or probability of malfunction.Can also be in an embodiment via to Fig. 2
The input pointed out of A/D converter 212 and 218 to exchange measurement scope, in order to detection
Clamper or restriction effect.
Each embodiment may be provided for the corresponding main letter about sensor 202 and sensor 204
Number path and time signal path and exchange the option of these sensors.The most secondary sensor 204
Can be switched in main signal, and for sensor 202 and time signal path class
Seemingly.This option can be such as by providing improvement from the path isolation sensor of sensor
Fault detect and/or location.This exchange can also Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 for the discussion below
Embodiment perform.
Another advantage that the embodiment of system 200 and system discussed below 300 presents is
Have the ability such as to compare each letter in main signal and time signal path by formation business
The output signal in number path and assessment result.This result can be evaluated to determine and sense
Device 202 and 204, signal path, system 200 and/or the performance of some other parts or
Operate one or more relevant aspect.Such as compare output signal and can detect input letter
Rapid change in number.When utilizing compensation such as to include temperature sensor at sensor 208
Temperature-compensating embodiment in, output signal can be compared according to temperature compensation signal.
In other embodiments, it is possible to implement from the clamper of information or the restriction of sensor 208
To isolate other signal, attribute or information.
Owing to software 1 is used for main signal by DSP220, software 2 is used for time signal
Path, it is possible to the output result in comparison signal path in an embodiment.Such comparison
The inspection of software algorithm itself can be provided.Can also be at two signal paths or DSP220
Result of calculation authenticity examination in use either internally or externally window to compare.As such
The part of authenticity examination, it is possible to implement alarm and/or fault threshold.
In another embodiment, and reference Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, similar to system 200 is
System 300 can include a DSP320 and the 2nd DSP321, or other state machine or
Person's logic, and the signal path configurations the most different from system 200.The portion of system 300
Part and feature the most general parts with system 200 discussed above and
Feature similarity.
Referring in particular to Fig. 3, system 300 includes master reference 302 and time sensor 304,
These sensors can be magnetic field sensor or some other sensors in various embodiments
Type, this is consistent with other embodiments discussed herein.In an embodiment, master reference 302
Same physical is sensed with secondary sensor 304.Such as, in one embodiment, sensing
Both devices 302 and 304 include magnetic field sensor.System 300 can also include and system 200
Similar one or more additional sensor 308 of sensor 208, this one or more
Additional sensor can include in an embodiment one or more temperature, pressure, electric current,
Magnetic field (including Hall effect and/or magnetoresistive transducer) or some other sensor types or
Person's form.In other embodiments, it is convenient to omit sensor 308.In an embodiment, sensing
Device 302 and 304 can about number, sensing type, geometry, size and/or some
Other characteristic is different.
Each sensor in master reference 302 and time sensor 304 is via different and various
The signal path changed communicates with system 300 and communicates in system 300.With master reference
The paths of 302 associations describe with thick line in figure 3 and typically three signal paths it
In be highest resolution and accuracy, and describe to associate with secondary sensor 304 with simple dotted line
Path.As in the embodiment of fig. 2, the two is different, the enforcement of diverse path
Realize verity between to compare, because sensor 302 and 304 generally senses phase
Same physical magnitude, and also provide for similar between main signal to secondary signal path or
The identical temporal resolution of person.System 300 also include with in figure 3 with chain-dotted line describe auxiliary
3rd signal path of sensor 308 association.Auxiliary sensor 308 is typically and sensor 302
The type different with 304, such as non-magnetic physical descriptor, these physical descriptors can be used to mend
Repay the measurement signal of sensor 302 and 304 and their corresponding signal paths for temperature,
Mechanical pressure, supply voltage or other impact.Each signal path will be discussed successively.
As discussed above with reference to FIG 2, main signal, secondary signal path and the 3rd
The unit of signal path differs and/or uses different operating principle to implement in an embodiment.
The such as A/D converter 312 in main signal can include that three rank sigma-delta turn
Parallel operation, and the A/D converter 313 in secondary signal path can include single order sigma-delta
One or more A/D converter in transducer, or A/D converter can utilize by
Secondary approach depositor (SAR) or flash memory technology rather than sigma-delta.In other words,
It is usually when comparing with master reference 302 more inaccurate with secondary this sensor of sensor 304(
Really, slower and/or more noise, different operating principle is used to operate and/or include other times
The sensor of sensing task) equally, for A/D converter 312,313 and/or 318 this
Equally set up.
With reference first to master reference 302 and its signal path, sensor 302 and A/D
Transducer 312 and communicating with a DSP320.As mentioned previously, system 300
Contrary with the single DSP block 220 of system 200, including a DSP320 and the 2nd DSP
321.Main signal continues to output interface 328 from DSP320.Bias circuit means 330
Couple with sensor 302, this sensor also communicate biasing comparison circuit device 334 and
DSP321 is arrived in communication subsequently.
Secondary sensor 304 turns with A/D in one embodiment as in system 200
Parallel operation 313 communicates and does not has multiplexer the most between two parties.In the embodiments of figure 3 from secondary signal path
Omission multiplexer can improve processing speed and the timing of the signal in system 300.A/D
Transducer 313 can be in an embodiment with in A/D converter 312 and 318 or
Type that two A/D converters of person are different and/or filter configuration or in some other manner
Change and with DSP321(other DSP in addition to sensor 302) communicate.?
In other embodiments, DSP320 and 321 can be overturned, thus sensor 302 and DSP321
Communication and sensor 304 communicates with DSP320, and/or can implement within the system 300 friendship
Change circuit arrangement so as between various signal paths in the signal path exchange DSP320 and
321.DSP320 and 321 be depicted as being coupled to the most in figure 3 interaction data,
State or out of Memory, but can be omitted these in other embodiments and connect.Below
DSP320 and 321 is more specifically discussed with further reference to Fig. 3.
In order between master reference 302 and secondary sensor 304 and corresponding signal path
Variation further, sensor 307 can couple with secondary signal path and such as compensate to provide.
Such as, in one embodiment, sensor 307 includes for via bias circuit means 332
And the pressure transducer of pressure compensation information is provided to sensor 304 and time signal path.?
In embodiment, bias circuit means 330 and 332 can be with biasing comparison circuit device 334
And/or DSP321 compares to detect one or another or the fault in the two
And/or from the deviation of nominal value.Based on the information from sensor 307, can adjust and pass
Voltage, electric current or other characteristic that sensor 304 is relevant are to compensate sensor 304
The influential pressure of accuracy, temperature or other factors.
Furthermore it is possible to by offer analog compensation in a signal path at another signal
Path provide digital compensation provide further between main signal and secondary signal path
Variation.Such as, within the system 300, bias circuit means 332 can be by based on coming
The analog information of autobiography sensor 307 adjusts one or more relevant with sensor 304
Characteristic and in secondary signal path provide analog compensation.Meanwhile, DSP320 can such as reference
From auxiliary sensor 308 can be from DSP321 or the letter received in some other manner
Cease and numeral post-compensation is provided in main signal.This analog-and digital-compensation can be respectively
Kind embodiment is reversed, shares or be additionally coupled to main signal and secondary signal path
Or between them.It is however generally that, can be in various exemplary embodiments often
Individual signal path use different compensation technique, the such as simulation in a signal path mend
Repay technology and the digital compensation technique in another signal path；Or at a signal path
In the first analogue technique and the second analogue technique in another signal path；Or one
The first digital technology in individual signal path and the second numeral skill in another signal path
Art.
The most auxiliary sensor 308 be coupled to multiplexer (MUX) 316 and
It is subsequently coupled to A/D converter 318.In an embodiment, wherein only exist single auxiliary
In the embodiment of sensor 308, it is convenient to omit MUX316.A/D converter 318 via
3rd signal path communicates or identical with what secondary sensor 304 communicated with DSP321
DSP320 or 321 communication.As mentioned previously, the multiformity of signal path is permissible
At least partly by including that one or two A/D with A/D converter 312 and 313 turn
The A/D converter 318 of framework, resolution and/or type that parallel operation is different provides.But
This can change in other embodiments.Such as, in another embodiment, auxiliary sensor 308
The signal path being such as coupled in main signal or secondary signal path by MUX.
In one exemplary embodiment, it is convenient to omit A/D converter 318 and auxiliary sensor and master
Sensor 302 is coupled to MUX316, is then coupled to A/D converter 312 and DSP320.
Or, secondary sensor 304 can be coupled to MUX306, followed by with auxiliary sensor 308
It is coupled to A/D converter 313 and DSP321.Can be as understood by a person skilled in the art
Implement other change like that.
In an embodiment, DSP320 and DSP321 can be respectively coupled to different electrical power electricity
Pressure Vs336 and Vs338.For more broadly, can implement for main signal in an embodiment
In the different analog powers of path and time signal path and/or DSP320 and DSP321 one
Individual or two analog powers are to provide between signal path and/or circuit part and parts
Additional variation and/or separation.Such as, although not describing in figure 3, but it is in addition to counting
Outside Vs336 and VS338 on word side, the first analog power is alternatively coupled to sensor
302 and/or main signal, and the second analog power be alternatively coupled to sensor 304 and/
Or secondary signal path.In various embodiments, in the first power supply or second source
Power supply can also be powered to aiding sensors 308 and/or the 3rd signal path, or can be real
Execute the 3rd analog power.In other embodiments, it is provided that analog power and provide numeral electricity
Source.
Additionally, in one embodiment, DSP320 is alternatively coupled to the first agitator 340,
And DSP321 is alternatively coupled to the second different agitators 342.In an embodiment, vibration
Device 340 can mutually different or identical, i.e. belong to two separation of same type with 342
Device.In other embodiments, agitator 340 and 342 is discrete device and includes not
Oscillator parts with type.This can be provided between main signal and secondary signal path
Further variation and increase the independence between DSP320 and 321.
In another embodiment, DSP321 can be used to carry out the calculating of DSP320 or
Recalculating or authenticity examination of other process, or on the contrary.In FIG, this
Optional feature is illustrated by the additional input signal of DSP321: from A/D converter 312
To the input signal 350 of DSP321 and the input signal from DSP320 to DSP321
351.Therefore, DSP321 can be the most such as in identical or lower data
Speed uses these signals 350 to perform the calculating identical with DSP320 or mistake with 351
Journey and/or inspection in the embodiment that DSP320 and 321 are identical, similar or mutually different
DSP320 the most appropriately operates.In various embodiments, contrary configuration is replaced or except phase
Outside anti-configuration, rearrange or provide additional coupling that DSP320 can be made to check that
The function of DSP321.
Although they can be the most identical, but DSP320 and DSP321
This differs in the embodiment of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.The non-equal of DSP320 and 321 or
Variation implementation can advantageously reduce in an embodiment and be generally not capable of using two phases
With during hardware implementation mode with same or like probability solve with exploitation or other process
The risk of the relevant system failure.Although having herein in regard to one or another embodiment discussion
Bulk properties, skilled person will understand that and can overturn those in other embodiments
Characteristic, or other configuration more or characteristic can be in other embodiments for DSP320
Exist with one or two DSP in DSP321 and signal processing and/or letter are still provided
Number path variation.In the fig. 3 embodiment, DSP320 can be higher resolution and/
Or be dedicated only to process main signal and carry out the information of autonomic sensor 302, and DSP321
Can be bigger and more complicated but be responsible for more information and process time signal path and the
Three signal paths.Such as, in one embodiment, DSP320 can include hardware blocks
And run multiplication and subtraction/summing stage successively.Each DSP320 and 321 can use difference
Compensation method and implement other different in case provide main signal and time signal path it
Between the variation of increase.
For example, referring to Fig. 4, describe of implementation of two DSP320 and 321
Embodiment.In the fig. 4 embodiment, DSP320 and 321 is embodied as individual digit core
The part of 402, but in other embodiments, each DSP320 and 321 can include point
Additional signal paths is implemented like that if necessary from digital core.It is said that in general, be included in Fig. 4
In the mode of middle description and alternate manner, DSP320 and DSP321 is at their framework
Upper difference with provide additional variation between main signal and secondary signal path and from
And reduce the probability that the system failure occurs.If in DSP321 and 320 or
Two DSP of person provide signals 350 and 351 or other similarity signal embodiment in perform
Authenticity examination or recalculate, then can also improve fault and cover.
DSP320 is coupled to the main signal that associates with master reference 302 and from A/D
Transducer 312 receives signal as input.DSP321 is coupled to time letter in one embodiment
Number path and the 3rd signal path and receive signal as input from A/D converter 313.
As mentioned previously, DSP320 and DSP321 can couple with unlike signal path,
Can be reversed or can otherwise perform concrete with specifically describe in an embodiment
The concrete function that function is different.In one embodiment, DSP320 include RAM404 and
Simulation and/or digital hardware block 406 are to implement one or more various functions, to include compensating
Skew, sensitivity, pressure, temperature and/or other impact.Such as, in an embodiment, DSP
The RAM404 of 320 is coupled to the RAM408 of DSP321 to receive and auxiliary sensor
308 relevant data are for being used in compensation calculation by RAM404.RAM404 with
This connection between RAM408 is optional in an embodiment and can be an enforcement
Example is eliminated such as improve main signal and the variation of time signal path.Simulation and/
Or digital hardware block 406 can implement post processing and other function, such as include linearisation meter
Calculate and can also communicate to exchange post processing with the firmware 410 of DSP321 in an embodiment
And out of Memory, but as the connection between RAM404 and RAM408,
Connection between hardware block 406 and firmware 410 can also be optional in an embodiment.?
In one embodiment, firmware 410 includes mask-programmable state machine or other is appropriately configured.
One or more connection eliminated in an embodiment during these connect can make DSP
But one or two DSP in 320 and 321 are more complicated the most diversified.Such as,
Connection between RAM404 and RAM408 can work to provide to DSP320
The compensated information of autobiography sensor 308, wherein this information is before passing on to DSP320
By DSP321 process.Omitting to connect the most instead needs by adding that DSP320 performs
Calculate and process, but this can must and be expected between main and secondary signal path more
Complete diversified embodiment is favourable.Time betwixt with and without connection, DSP
320 and 321 can use in an embodiment different compensation method and/or algorithm with compensate temperature,
Mechanical pressure and the other factors impact on sensor 302 and 304.Such as, for DSP320
Can in the function aspects of the time series calculated and/or use not with the algorithm of DSP321
With.In an embodiment, can be real by such as using the multinomial with different mathematics rank
Existing variation function.In an embodiment, it is possible to reduce one or two in backoff algorithm
The complexity of backoff algorithm, if or reduce via analogue means implementation or
Person eliminates temperature, mechanical pressure and other impact itself, then this algorithm can be completely eliminated.
Fill to digital output interface 328 or to other circuit before output interface 328
Put reception and registration from simulation and/or digital hardware block 406 and the signal of firmware 410, such that it is able to
Perform DSP320 and DSP321 output signal comparison with in detecting system 300 can
Can mistake.In another embodiment, off-chip, such as in the control unit (control of such as Figure 1B
Unit 106 processed) in perform the comparison of output signal of DSP320 and DSP321.Again
In one embodiment, sheet performs first compare, and in a control unit or other circuit
Device off-chip performs second and compares, such that it is able to it is the most own to compare first and second.
In an embodiment, although each sensor from sensor 302 and 304 is to this
But the path variation that point is taken exports letter accordingly from DSP320 and DSP321
Number should same or like and can the identical time or around, such as one
Individual exemplary embodiment provides in mutual several milliseconds.Difference between,
Lack the most in the exemplary embodiment mark or change more than certain percentage ratio or value,
Such as may indicate that mistake, fault or other problem more than about 10% or about 20%.
In an embodiment, can be on sheet, such as in output interface 328 or by output interface 328
Or in digital core 402 other places perform from DSP320 and DSP321 signal it
Between comparison, or can to chip, such as to engine control unit (ECU) or its
Its controller external communication is used for comparing and/or it from the signal of each DSP320 and 321
It processes.
Single DSP is included in the embodiment including DSP320 and 321 or at Fig. 2
In the embodiment of 220, it is also possible to implement supplementary features and function in each DSP itself.
Such as can by use add-on security position in data signal, such as according to odd-and-even logic,
Hamming code and the security bit of other proper method that skilled artisan understands that are to provide protection
Memorizer and work register region.Can also be in an embodiment by using forward error correction
(FEC) block provides the memorizer of protection, work register region and signal bus.It addition,
One or more DSP in DSP220,320 and 321 can use redundant instruction to decode
Device and/or control bus and by use FEC Block use redundant instruction collection and security bit,
Or use such as redundant data path and data via ALU (ALU) total
Line, this redundant data path and data/address bus are also protected by corresponding security bit or are passed through FEC
The use of block.
Therefore embodiment can provide safety criterion compatible and in sensor systems
Fault self-diagnosis.Although troubleshooting can concrete according to type and seriousness and discussion
System and/or relevant safety standard and change, but embodiment can provide for using to system
Family provides the chance of the problem detected.Such as utilizing magnetic field sensor, safety-critical
Automotive electronics electronic-controlled power steering sensor application in, the fault detected can guide ECU to
Driver reminds critical system problem, such that it is able to take suitable action.In some applications,
Can to ECU programming with in fault situation to safe mode or safety operation agreement
Switching.
It addition, embodiment Billy is with the conventional solution more high spatial of redundancy main sensors
Efficiency and high performance-price ratio.The most major/minor sensor and signal path can be in an embodiment by cores
The increase of sheet area utilizes the most single master reference rather than two less than 10% with secondary sensor
Sensor is less expensive device reducing the demand side to its performance.In view of less expensive
Secondary sensor, the conventional solution also realizing with utilizing two main sensors on a single chip
The certainly advantage for scheme.
The various embodiments of system, equipment and method are had been described.These embodiments are only
Be given by example and be not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Additionally it is to be understood that
The various features of embodiment realizing in various manners having been described above are implemented to produce many other
Example.Although using it addition, have been described above various material, yardstick, shape, configuration and position etc.
In using with disclosed embodiment, but it is available with other in addition to disclosed in those
Material, yardstick, shape, configuration and position etc. and without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Person of ordinary skill in the relevant will recognize that the present invention can include that ratio is described above
Any separate embodiment in the less feature of feature that illustrates.Enforcement described herein
Example is not configured to limit and presents the side wherein can being combined the various features of the present invention
Formula.Thus, embodiment is not the feature combination of mutual exclusion；It practice, skill as common in this area
As art personnel understand, the present invention can include the difference selected from different separate embodiment
The combination of individual characteristics.It addition, unless otherwise, the list described about an embodiment
Even if unit can also be in other embodiments when not describing these unit in such embodiments
It is carried out.Although dependent claims can refer to and one or many in detail in the claims
The concrete combination of other claim individual, but other embodiments can also include appurtenance
The combination of the theme of requirement and other dependent claims each or one or more feature
With other subordinate or the combination of independent claims.Unless statement is not intended to this specific group
Close, otherwise set forth herein such combination.It addition, also aim in what its rights to independence in office
Profit requires to include the feature of claim, even if the most directly making this claim quote this
Independent claims.
To being any limitation as by quoting any combination of document above, thus do not combine with herein
The theme that the disclosedest theme is contrary.Also to adding by quoting any combination of document above
To limit, thus the claim included the most in the literature is hereby incorporated by reference.
And then also to being any limitation as by quoting any combination of document above, thus unless this civilization
Really including, any definition provided the most in the literature is not hereby incorporated by reference.
In order to explain the purpose for claims of the present invention, unless in the claims
Record concrete term " be used for ... device " or " be used for ... step ", the most clearly
It is intended to the regulation of do not quote 35U.S.C. Section 112 the 6th section.
Claims (29)
1. a monolithic integrated optical circuit sensing system, including:
First sensor device, is arranged to sense physical characteristic and be coupled to partly lead
The first digital signal processor (DSP) is included for first sensor signal on body chip
The first signal path, a described DSP provides the first output signal；
Second sensor component, is arranged to sensing identical with described first sensor device
Physical characteristic and be coupled on described semiconductor chip for the second sensor signal
Secondary signal path, described secondary signal path and described first signal path different and
The second output signal is provided including the 2nd DSP, described 2nd DSP, wherein said first defeated
The comparison going out signal and described second output signal can detect the mistake in described sensing system
By mistake；And
At least one additional sensor device, at least one additional sensor device wherein said
Form threeth the most different with described first signal path and described secondary signal path
A part for signal path, wherein compensates described by the signal of described 3rd signal path
At least one in the signal of the first signal path or the signal in described secondary signal path.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, wherein said compares in described biography
Perform in sensor system.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, wherein said compares in described biography
Sensor its exterior performs.
Sensing system the most according to claim 3, wherein said compares by being coupled to
The control unit of described sensing system performs.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, the frame of a wherein said DSP
At least one in structure or function is different from framework or the function of described 2nd DSP.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, a wherein said DSP and institute
State the 2nd DSP communication.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, a wherein said DSP and institute
State the 2nd DSP to be changed by the first modulus (A/D) transducer and the second modulus (A/D) respectively
Device is coupled to described first signal path and described secondary signal path.
Sensing system the most according to claim 7, a wherein said A/D conversion
Device is different from described second A/D converter.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, wherein said at least one add
Sensor component is coupled to described first signal path or described secondary signal road by multiplexer
In footpath one.
Sensing system the most according to claim 1, wherein from by temperature sensor,
Pressure transducer, current sensor, voltage sensor and the group selection of magnetic field sensor composition
At least one additional sensor device described.
11. sensing systems according to claim 1, wherein said first sensor
Device and described second sensor component include magnetic field sensor.
12. sensing systems according to claim 1, also include being coupled to described
A signal path in one signal path or described secondary signal path is to provide it mould
Quasi-complement repays the compensation sensor component of signal, and wherein said first signal path or institute
State another signal path in secondary signal path to be arranged to receive different compensation signal.
13. sensing systems according to claim 12, wherein said different compensation is believed
Number include digital compensation signal.
14. sensing systems according to claim 1, wherein said first signal road
Footpath have when comparing with described secondary signal path from by faster, more accurately, have less
Noise and at least one characteristic with the group selection that different operating principle forms.
15. sensing systems according to claim 1, wherein said sensing system
Meet at least one safety integrity level (SIL) standard.
16. sensing systems according to claim 1, also include being coupled to described
First power supply of one signal path and the second source being coupled to described secondary signal path.
17. sensing systems according to claim 1, also include being coupled to described
First power supply of one DSP and the second source being coupled to described 2nd DSP.
18. sensing systems according to claim 1, also include being coupled to described
First oscillator parts of one DSP and the second agitator device being coupled to described 2nd DSP
Part.
19. 1 kinds of methods of comparison signal in monolithic integrated optical circuit sensing system, including:
Single semiconductor chip is implemented include master reference and the first digital signal processor
(DSP) main signal；
Described single semiconductor chip is implemented to include time letter of time sensor and the 2nd DSP
Number path, described master reference and described sensor are in response to same physical, described
Secondary signal path is different from described main signal, and described 2nd DSP according to framework or
At least one in person's function is different from a described DSP；
The output signal of a relatively described DSP and the output signal of described 2nd DSP；
Described single semiconductor chip is implemented at least one auxiliary sensor and the 3rd signal road
Footpath, every with described main signal and described signal path of described 3rd signal path
Individual signal path is the most different；And
By the signal of described 3rd signal path compensate described main signal signal or
At least one in the signal of time signal path described in person.
20. methods according to claim 19, also include being come by digital compensation signal
Compensate in the described signal of described main signal or the described signal of described signal path
Another.
21. methods according to claim 19, also include:
Described main signal is implemented the first modulus (A/D) switch technology；And
Implementing the 2nd A/D switch technology on described signal path, a described A/D turns
Change technology and described 2nd A/D switch technology is different.
22. methods according to claim 19, also include:
A described DSP implements the first algorithm；And
Described 2nd DSP implements the second algorithm, and described second algorithm is different from described first and calculates
Method.
23. methods according to claim 22, wherein said second algorithm is according to operation
At least one in the compensation technique of time series, the function of execution or application is different from institute
State the first algorithm.
24. methods according to claim 21, also include by a described DSP
Or implementing security bit at least one in described 2nd DSP provides protection circuit to fill
Put.
25. methods according to claim 24, wherein said protection circuit device includes
Memory circuitry, register area, control bus, signal bus, data/address bus or number
According at least one in path.
26. methods according to claim 21, a wherein said DSP or described
At least one in 2nd DSP includes forward error correction (FEC) block.
27. methods according to claim 19, also include exchanging described master reference and
Described sensor so that described master reference is coupled to described 2nd DSP and described time
Sensor is coupled to a described DSP.
28. methods according to claim 19, also include by described 2nd DSP or
Another in a described DSP carries out a described DSP's or described 2nd DSP
Authenticity examination.
29. methods according to claim 28, wherein carry out authenticity examination and also include
Use lower data rate or different between a described DSP and described 2nd DSP
At least one in DSP implementation carries out described authenticity examination.
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