CN104046870A - High-elasticity-modulus magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-elasticity-modulus magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104046870A CN104046870A CN201410324673.2A CN201410324673A CN104046870A CN 104046870 A CN104046870 A CN 104046870A CN 201410324673 A CN201410324673 A CN 201410324673A CN 104046870 A CN104046870 A CN 104046870A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-elasticity-modulus magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.0-10.0% of aluminum and/or zinc, 1.0-15.0% of silicon and/or germanium, and the balance of magnesium. The preparation method comprises the following steps: heating and melting pure magnesium under the protection atmosphere, adding pure silicon into a pure magnesium melt, stirring and dissolving, warming, adding other components and stirring, controlling intermediate alloy to be completely molten until the pouring time is less than or equal to 3 minutes, refining and drossing, pouring to obtain an ingot. The high-elasticity-modulus magnesium alloy is reasonable in component matching, easy to process and manufacture, and low in price, the prepared high-elasticity-modulus magnesium alloy has high room-temperature intensity and elasticity modulus and good plasticity and is suitable for industrial production, and the comprehensive performance is obviously higher than that of the existing common magnesium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonferrous materials and manufacture field thereof, particularly a kind of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
For reaching the object of loss of weight synergy, automobile industry increases rapidly the demand of high performance light material, and magnesium alloy materials, as light metal structure material that can suitability for industrialized production, has been subject to special attention.In recent years, the speed of aerospace and transport facility is more and more higher, and required power power is increasing, and the resistance toheat to material and elastoresistance deformability are had higher requirement.Alloying is to improve the effective means of alloy mechanical property.
From mixing rule, the Young's modulus of polyphase alloy is to determine consisting of the Young's modulus of phase and volume fraction thereof.It's a pity, Mg-Al, Mg-Zn and Mg-Al-Zn are associated Mg in gold
17al
12(47.4GPa) and MgZn
2(44.8GPa) etc. the Young's modulus of phase is all lower, make the Young's modulus of alloy also lower, be only 40～45GPa, finally cause its elastoresistance deformability poor, can not meet automobile industry and the engineering field demand to high-strength light high elastic coefficient magnesium alloy materials.Therefore, the demand of research and development high-strength high elasticity modulus magnesium alloy materials has become very urgent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of high elastic coefficient magnesium alloy is provided, this alloy compositions reasonable ratio, processing and manufacturing are easy, cheap, and can meet under room temperature condition is the light material of 50～65GPa and tensile property and elongation excellence and (or) the demand that component are manufactured to requiring Young's modulus.
High elastic coefficient magnesium alloy provided by the invention, made by the component that comprises following compositions in weight percentage:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
Aluminium and/or zinc and silicon and/or germanium are the alloying element that the present invention adds, and the gross weight percentage composition of described aluminium and/or zinc and silicon and/or germanium is 2-25%.
The weight percentage of described aluminium and/or zinc is preferably 5.0-10.0%, most preferably is 8.0-10.0%.
Aluminum and zinc can add simultaneously, also can add one wherein.When its add simultaneously fashionable, aluminum and zinc add weight ratio be 9:1-1:1, be preferably 3:1-1:1.
The weight percentage of described silicon and/or germanium is preferably 5.0-15.0%, most preferably is 10.0-15.0%.
Silicon and germanium can add simultaneously, also can add one wherein.。When it adds fashionablely simultaneously, it is 4:1-1:1 that silicon and germanium add weight ratio, is preferably 2:1-1:1.
High elastic coefficient magnesium alloy provided by the invention, preferably made by the component that comprises following weight percent:
Aluminium and/or zinc 5.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 5.0-15.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
For crystal grain thinning, improve grain boundary structure, improve the plasticity of magnesium alloy, the component of making high elastic coefficient magnesium alloy of the present invention, also comprise weight percentage and be less than or equal to 2% active element X, described active element X is selected from any one in titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), zirconium (Zr), calcium (Ca), scandium (Sc), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), europium (Eu), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm).The interpolation that experiment showed, the active element X that is less than or equal to 2% can crystal grain thinning, improves grain boundary structure, improves the plasticity of magnesium alloy.The weight percentage of described active element X is preferably 0.1-2.0%, more preferably 1.0-2.0%.
Concrete, described magnesium alloy is made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1-10%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1-15%,
Described active element X is less than or equal to 2%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
Described magnesium alloy is preferably made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Described active element X 1.0-2.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
The present invention also provides the method for above-mentioned magnesium alloy, comprises the steps:
According to the above-mentioned component of preparing magnesium alloy, magnesium ingot is heated to 700-720 DEG C under Ar gas protective atmosphere, after magnesium ingot fusing; silicon is joined in magnesium melt; stir, after silico briquette all dissolves, be warming up to 730-740 DEG C; then; add all the other components, and stir, refining is skimmed; casting, obtains ingot casting.
In described method, Mg adds by the mode of pure magnesium, and Si adds by the mode of pure silicon, and described silicon is that particle diameter is the silico briquette of 1.0～2.0cm; Contain zinc if make in the component of magnesium alloy, zinc adds in magnesium melt in the mode of pure zinc, all the adding with the form of Mg-based master alloy of all the other components.
In described method, control Mg-based master alloy is melted to pouring time completely and is less than or equal to 3 minutes,
Described method also comprise by described ingot casting through 400-425 DEG C/2-24h homogenizing process and 200-250 DEG C/0.5-6h ageing treatment after obtain magnesium alloy; Or described ingot casting is after 400-425 DEG C/2-24h homogenizing is processed, in 200-350 DEG C push, hot rolling or forge hot plasticity deformation process, then, carry out 200-250 DEG C/0.5-6h ageing treatment, obtain respectively squeeze wood, hot rolling material or the forge hot material of magnesium alloy.
High elastic coefficient magnesium alloy of the present invention, generates a large amount of Mg with high elastic coefficient by adding alloying element (as the element such as Si, Ge) with magnesium matrix generation reaction in－situ
2si (120GPa) particle, thus make the magnesium alloy of indication of the present invention obtain very high Young's modulus.Adopt the prepared material of the present invention (parts) tensile strength to be at room temperature greater than 350MPa, Young's modulus is 50～65GPa, and unit elongation is not less than 4.5%.
In sum, invention reasonable mixture ratio of components, processing and manufacturing are easy, cheap, and the high elastic coefficient magnesium alloy of preparation has high Young's modulus and room temperature strength, preferably plasticity.Over-all properties is apparently higher than existing general magnesium alloy.Be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Be below the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of the present invention should not be understood to be confined to this.
According to the present invention, the high elastic coefficient magnesium alloy providing, made by the component that comprises following compositions in weight percentage:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
Aluminium and/or zinc and silicon and/or germanium are the alloying element that the present invention adds, and the gross weight percentage composition of described aluminium and/or zinc and silicon and/or germanium is 2-25%.
The weight percentage of described aluminium and/or zinc is preferably 5.0-10.0%, most preferably is 10.0-10.0%.
Aluminum and zinc can add simultaneously, also can add one wherein.When its add simultaneously fashionable, aluminum and zinc add weight ratio be 9:1-1:1, be preferably 3:1-1:1.
The weight percentage of described silicon and/or germanium is preferably, 5.0-15.0%, most preferably is 10.0-15.0%.
Silicon and germanium can add simultaneously, also can add one wherein.。When it adds fashionablely simultaneously, it is 4:1-1:1 that silicon and germanium add weight ratio, is preferably 2:1-1:1.
High elastic coefficient magnesium alloy provided by the invention, preferably made by the component that comprises following weight percent:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
For crystal grain thinning, improve grain boundary structure, improve the plasticity of magnesium alloy, the component of making high elastic coefficient magnesium alloy of the present invention, also comprise weight percentage and be less than or equal to 2% active element X, described active element X is selected from any one in titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), zirconium (Zr), calcium (Ca), scandium (Sc), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), europium (Eu), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm).The interpolation that experiment showed, the active element X that is less than or equal to 2% can crystal grain thinning, improves grain boundary structure, improves the plasticity of magnesium alloy.The weight percentage of described active element X is preferably 0.1-2.0%, more preferably 1.0-2.0%.
Concrete, described magnesium alloy is made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Described active element X is less than or equal to 2%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
Described magnesium alloy is preferably made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Described active element X 1.0-2.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
Described magnesium alloy is more preferably made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 5.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 5.0-15.0%,
Described active element X 1.0-2.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
Described magnesium alloy is most preferably made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 8.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 10.0-15.0%,
Described active element X 1.0-2.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
The present invention also provides the method for above-mentioned magnesium alloy, comprises the steps:
According to the above-mentioned component of preparing magnesium alloy, magnesium ingot is heated to 700-720 DEG C under Ar gas protective atmosphere, after magnesium ingot fusing; silicon is joined in magnesium melt; stir, after silico briquette all dissolves, be warming up to 730-740 DEG C; then; add all the other components, and stir, refining is skimmed; casting, obtains ingot casting.
In described method, Mg adds by the mode of pure magnesium, and Si adds by the mode of pure silicon, and described silicon is that particle diameter is the silico briquette of 1.0～2.0cm; Contain zinc if make in the component of magnesium alloy, zinc adds in magnesium melt in the mode of pure zinc, all the adding with the form of Mg-based master alloy of all the other components.
In described method, control Mg-based master alloy is melted to pouring time completely and is less than or equal to 3 minutes,
Described method also comprise by described ingot casting through 400-425 DEG C/2-24h homogenizing process and 200-250 DEG C/0.5-6h ageing treatment after obtain magnesium alloy; Or described ingot casting is after 400-425 DEG C/2-24h homogenizing is processed, in 200-350 DEG C push, hot rolling or forge hot plasticity deformation process, then, carry out 200-250 DEG C/0.5-6h ageing treatment, obtain respectively squeeze wood, hot rolling material or the forge hot material of magnesium alloy.
Embodiment
Percentage composition described in following embodiment if no special instructions, is weight percentage.
The invention provides the different components proportioning embodiment shown in table 1-4, in component, foreign matter content is no more than 0.1%, and the component of listing in form, remaining is Mg.
In the embodiment of the present invention, group of magnesium alloys partition ratio according to table 1-table 4 (X is selected from any one in aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), zirconium (Zr), calcium (Ca), scandium (Sc), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), europium (Eu), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm)) design is got respectively each component, prepare respectively magnesium alloy, concrete preparation method is as described below:
1, get respectively each component by the high elastic coefficient group of magnesium alloys partition ratio of design, wherein: Mg adds by the mode of pure magnesium, Si, Zn are to add by the mode of pure silicon, pure zinc, and all the other components add with the form of Mg-based master alloy;
2, pure magnesium ingot is put into iron crucible and be heated to 710 ° 1 under Ar gas protective atmosphere; after pure magnesium ingot fusing, pure silicon is joined in pure magnesium melt to the silico briquette that the particle diameter of pure silicon is 1.0～2.0cm with wire netting splendid attire; with the every 5min of speed of 300rpm to Melt Stirring once; after silico briquette all dissolves, be warming up to 730 ° 3, then; add successively the master alloy of all the other components and stir; refining is skimmed, and casting, obtains ingot casting.
3, the magnesium alloy ingot of preparation, through the foundry goods that 415 DEG C/12h homogenizing is processed and 215 DEG C/4h ageing treatment obtains, or hot rolling after 415 DEG C/12h homogenizing is processed, forge hot or hot extrusion, then, carry out the magnesium alloy hot-work blank that 215 DEG C/4h ageing treatment obtains.The material of acquisition is carried out to Performance Detection, and its room temperature tensile performance test methods is pressed GB/T228-2010, and sample marking distance section diameter is 6mm, and gauge length is 30mm, and draw speed is 0.5mm/min.
Wherein: hot rolling, forge hot and hot extrusion parameter are 300 DEG C, after hot rolling, forge hot, extruding, carry out above-mentioned 215 DEG C/4h ageing treatment.
In the embodiment of the present invention:
Ingot casting, through the foundry goods that 415 DEG C/12h homogenizing is processed and 215 DEG C/12h ageing treatment obtains, is defined as A preparation method.
Hot rolling, forge hot, hot extrusion after 415 DEG C/12h homogenizing is processed, then, carry out the hot-work material that 215 DEG C/12h ageing treatment obtains and be defined as respectively B, C, D preparation method.
Alloying element weight percentage, preparation method and the mechanical property parameters of the embodiment of the present invention are in table 1, table 2, table 3 and table 4.In aforesaid method, X is selected from any one in aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), zirconium (Zr), calcium (Ca), scandium (Sc), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), europium (Eu), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), through verification experimental verification, the effect between the selection in above-mentioned scope of these active elements does not have notable difference.
The performance perameter obtaining from embodiment can be found out: magnesium-rare earth, adds a certain amount of silicon and/or element Ge and can significantly improve its Young's modulus, obtain the rare earth and magnesium-based matrix material of high-strength and high-modulus amount, concrete:
1) when the weight percentage of silicon and/or germanium is between 1.0-15.0%, the quality percentage composition of aluminium and/or zinc is in the scope of 1.0-10.0%, and more than Young's modulus reaches 50GPa, tensile strength is more than 350MPa;
2) weight percentage of silicon and/or germanium is preferably 5.0-15.0%, and more preferably 8.0-15.0%, most preferably is 10.0-15.0%.Within the scope of this, increase along with the weight percentage of silicon and/or germanium increases Young's modulus, and other parameters such as elongation also can meet the requirements of effect.
3) silicon and germanium can add simultaneously, also can add one wherein.。When it adds fashionablely simultaneously, it is 4:1-1:1 that silicon and germanium add weight ratio, is preferably 2:1-1:1.
5) in a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, described in described magnesium alloy, magnesium alloy is preferably made up of following component: the aluminum and zinc (weight ratio of aluminum and zinc is 9:1 to 1:1) of 5.0-10.0%, 5.0-15.0% silicon and/or germanium, active element X described in 1.0-2.0%, surplus is magnesium; .More than in this numerical range, Young's modulus reaches 50GPa, tensile strength is more than 350MPa, and elongation is also more than 5.5%.
6) in another preferred technical scheme of the present invention, described magnesium alloy is by the aluminum and zinc (weight ratio of aluminum and zinc is 3:1 to 1:1) of 8.0-10.0%, 10.0-15.0% silicon and germanium (weight ratio of silicon and germanium is 2:1 to 1:1), active element X described in 1.0-2.0%, surplus is magnesium composition.More than in this numerical range, Young's modulus reaches 58GPa, tensile strength is more than 350MPa, and elongation is also more than 6.0%.
As can be seen here, of the present invention by having optimized the proportioning of aluminum and zinc, silicon and germanium, the particularly assembly of itself and active element, has produced the excellent effect of synergy, significantly improve Young's modulus and the tensile strength of magnesium base composite material, and kept good ductility.And, utilize method B, C or D to carry out can obviously improving tensile strength and ductility after hot rolling, forge hot or hot extrusion.
Alloy prepared by table 1 preparation method A
Alloy prepared by table 2. preparation method B
Alloy prepared by table 3. preparation method C
Alloy prepared by table 4. preparation method D
Claims (12)
1. a magnesium alloy, made by the component that comprises following weight percent:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1.0-15.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
2. a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be made up of the component that comprises following weight percent:
Aluminium and/or zinc 2.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 5.0-15.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
3. magnesium alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the component of making magnesium alloy also comprises that weight percentage is less than or equal to 2% active element X, and described active element X is selected from any one in aluminium, titanium, silver, zirconium, calcium, scandium, lanthanum, cerium, europium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium.
4. magnesium alloy according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described magnesium alloy is made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 1-10%,
Silicon and/or germanium 1-15%,
Described active element X is less than or equal to 2%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
5. magnesium alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described magnesium alloy is made up of following component:
Aluminium and/or zinc 5.0-10.0%,
Silicon and/or germanium 5.0-15.0%,
Described active element X 1.0-2.0%,
Surplus is magnesium; Each composition weight percent and be 100%.
6. according to the magnesium alloy described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described magnesium alloy comprises aluminum and zinc, it is 9:1-1:1 that aluminum and zinc adds weight ratio.
7. according to the magnesium alloy described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described magnesium alloy comprises silicon and germanium, interpolation weight ratio is 4:1-1:1.
8. the method for the magnesium alloy of preparation as described in claim 1-7 any one, comprises the steps:
According to the component of preparing magnesium alloy described in claim 1-7, magnesium ingot is heated to 700-720 DEG C under Ar gas protective atmosphere, after magnesium ingot fusing; silicon is joined in magnesium melt; stir, after silicon all dissolves, be warming up to 730-740 DEG C; then; add all the other components, and stir, refining is skimmed; casting, obtains ingot casting.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described silicon is that particle diameter is the silico briquette of 1.0～2.0cm; Contain zinc if make in the component of magnesium alloy, zinc adds in magnesium melt in the mode of pure zinc, all the adding with the form of Mg-based master alloy of all the other components.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: control Mg-based master alloy is melted to pouring time completely and is less than or equal to 3 minutes.
Arbitrary described preparation method in 11. according to Claim 8-10, is characterized in that: described method also comprise by described ingot casting through 400-425 DEG C/2-24h homogenizing process and 200-250 DEG C/0.5-6h ageing treatment after obtain magnesium alloy.
Arbitrary described preparation method in 12. according to Claim 8-10, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises that described ingot casting is after 400-425 DEG C/2-24h homogenizing is processed, in 200-350 DEG C push, hot rolling or forge hot plasticity deformation process, then, carry out 200-250 DEG C/0.5-6h ageing treatment, obtain respectively squeeze wood, hot rolling material or the forge hot material of magnesium base composite material.
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| CN106119580A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-11-16 | 冉兴 | Magnesium alloy and the manufacture method of component thereof with water generation controllable reaction |
| CN107385299A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-24 | 郑州轻研合金科技有限公司 | A kind of high-module high-strength magnesium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950332A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-07 | 徐海东 | A kind of high-strength magnesium silicotitanium material |
| CN109694975A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-30 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Anticorrosive magnesium-aluminium alloy including germanium |
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| CN106119580A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-11-16 | 冉兴 | Magnesium alloy and the manufacture method of component thereof with water generation controllable reaction |
| CN107385299A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-24 | 郑州轻研合金科技有限公司 | A kind of high-module high-strength magnesium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109694975A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-30 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Anticorrosive magnesium-aluminium alloy including germanium |
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| CN110004340A (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2019-07-12 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of as-cast magnesium alloy anode material |
| CN110016598A (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2019-07-16 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of high intensity fast erosion magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109881062A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of high tough high-modulus extrusion casint magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852856A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-07 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of high tough high-modulus metal mold gravity casting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852856B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-03-19 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength, high-toughness and high-modulus metal mold gravity casting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110042290A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 北京易联结科技发展有限公司 | A kind of high-elongation wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114574720A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-03 | 西安交通大学 | Mg2Si reinforced magnesium-based composite material plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114574744A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-modulus magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114574744B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-modulus magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140917 |