CN104046339B - Drilling fluid used in the drilling fluid of reduction formation damage and cbm development drilling well - Google Patents
Drilling fluid used in the drilling fluid of reduction formation damage and cbm development drilling well Download PDFInfo
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- CN104046339B CN104046339B CN201410242884.1A CN201410242884A CN104046339B CN 104046339 B CN104046339 B CN 104046339B CN 201410242884 A CN201410242884 A CN 201410242884A CN 104046339 B CN104046339 B CN 104046339B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/18—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the organic compounds
- C09K8/22—Synthetic organic compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses the drilling fluid of reduction formation damage and the drilling fluid used in cbm development drilling well.The drilling fluid of the reduction formation damage includes：The fresh water of 100 unit masses, the fluid loss additive of 1.5～4.5 unit masses, the anti-sloughing agent of 1 unit mass, the polymeric alcohol of 2 unit masses, the inorganic base of the inorganic sodium bentonite, the fluorocarbon surfactant of 1 unit mass and 3 unit masses of 1.5 unit masses.The drilling fluid of the present invention can effectively reduce the surface tension of reservoir liquid, so as to produce wetting or dewetting, while reduce the capillary resistance of storage, so as to significantly reduce the water-blocking effect produced by drilling process.Used in the drilling fluid of the present invention is particluarly suitable for cbm development drilling well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the drilling applications in cbm development, more particularly to a kind of drilling fluid and coal for reducing bottom injury
Drilling fluid used in layer gas exploitation.
Background technology
Drilling fluid is the circulation flushing medium used in hole in drilling process.Drilling fluid is the blood of drilling well, also known as drilling
Flushing liquor.Drilling fluid can be divided into clear water, mud, free clay phase flushing liquor, emulsion, foam and compressed air by constituent
Deng.Clear water is using earliest drilling fluid, need not process, easy to use, it is adaptable to complete rock stratum and the area having abundant water resources.Mud
Slurry is widely used drilling fluid, is primarily adapted for use in the hole walls such as loose, cranny development, easy collapsing and breaking, water-swellable peeling not
Stable rock stratum.
The effect of drilling fluid has：Cutting carring, cleans shaft bottom；Cooling and lubrication drill bit and drill string；Balance rock of borehole side
Pressure, forms filter cake, closing and stabilizing borehole in the borehole wall；Suspension landwaste and heavy weight additive；Balance (control) strata pressure；On ground
Sand and landwaste can be removed heavy；Hydraulic power is effectively transmitted；The great mass of data of drilled strata is provided；Bear the part of drilling rod and sleeve pipe
Gravity；Hydraulic fracture rock.
According to base fluid and the difference of main inorganic agent, drilling fluid can be divided into oil base drilling fluid, and water-base drilling fluid, gas are bored
Well fluids etc., the more commonly used are first two.Drilling fluid is mainly made up of liquid phase, solid phase and chemical treatments.Liquid phase can be
Water (fresh water, salt solution), oily (crude oil, diesel oil) or emulsion (contaminated product emulsion and rp-emulsification liquid).Solid phase is included uses solid phase
(bentonite, weighting material) and useless solid phase (rock).Chemical treatments include inorganic, organic and macromolecular compound.
Water-base drilling fluid is a kind of with water as decentralized medium, with clay (bentonite), heavy weight additive and various chemical treatments
Colloidal sol suspended substance mixed system for dispersion phase.It is water, clay, heavy weight additive and various chemical treatments which mainly constitutes.It
Always in occupation of leading position in practical application.Its main system has dispersed drilling fluid, calcium treated drilling fluid, DWSW
Liquid, polymer drilling fluid, MMH drilling fluid and high temperature resistance deep-well water-base drilling fluid.
Oily continuous phase drilling fluid (custom is referred to as oil base drilling fluid) be a kind of with oily (mainly diesel oil or crude oil) for disperseing
Medium, the colloidal sol suspension mixed system with heavy weight additive, various chemical treatments and water etc. as dispersion phase.It is former which mainly constitutes
Oil, diesel oil, heavy weight additive, chemical treatments and water etc..It experienced crude oil drilling fluid, oil base drilling fluid, Water-In-Oil drilling well substantially
The three phases such as liquid.
Water-blocking effect is during exploitation oil gas field, after the outside fluids such as drilling fluid, completion fluid invade reservoir, makes
The phenomenon that oil gas phase permeability reduces at the nearly borehole wall.Water-blocking effect is also relatively common in CBM Drilling, the one of drilling well
All different degrees of presence water-blocking effect in serial procedures, causes oil well, the gas well underproduction even to stop production.Therefore, water lock effect is found
The influence factor that answers, and the method for suppressing and releasing water blocking damage, for improving the significant of cbm development effect.
In prior art, the approach of solution water-blocking effect mainly has following several：
One is nitrogen injection, and nitrogen can enter the inaccessiable hypotonic location of water, can be by hypotonic band in bound state
Crude oil body into the crude oil that can be flowed, for crude oil produces " extracting " or " carrying " effect.
Two is hydraulic fracturing, and the method can reduce the flow pressure drop into well stratum, expands and effective flows into scope, allows gas
Well keeps higher bottom pressure production, postpones the aggregation of near wellbore condensed liquid.The method can effectively release water blocking damage, but
Relatively costly.
Three is pre- hot formation, and the method is to inject gas through a kind of special shaft bottom transmission oil tube heating instrument, thus
To directly heat shaft bottom near wellbore zone destination layer.So that the temperature of near wellbore reaches 500 DEG C, so that reverse osmosis water suction is super face
Boundary extracts.
Four is to note mixed phase aqueous solvent, and the mechanism of this technique is：When temperature is less than oil-gas reservoir temperature, inject near wellbore zone
Mixed phase aqueous solvent, then boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well for a period of time, opens oil well, the pressure for now discharging when nearly well temperature is identical with oil-gas reservoir temperature
Power can produce flash distillation effect to solvent and water, be released irreducible water, so as to reduce water-blocking effect.
Solve the problems, such as that water-blocking effect has high cost or effect is undesirable using said method of the prior art.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of drilling fluid for reducing formation damage, to solve the method for solving water-blocking effect in prior art
The undesirable problem of the high cost of presence or effect.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that and be achieved in that：
The invention provides a kind of drilling fluid for reducing formation damage, the drilling fluid includes：
The fresh water of 100 unit masses, the fluid loss additive of 1.5～4.5 unit masses, the anti-sloughing agent of 1 unit mass, 2 units
The polymeric alcohol of quality, the inorganic sodium bentonite of 1.5 unit masses, the fluorocarbon surfactant of 1 unit mass and 3 unit masses
Inorganic base.
Alternatively, the fluid loss additive of 1.5～4.5 unit mass is the acrylic acid of 1～2.5 unit mass, acryloyl
The mixing of the polyanion cellulose of amine and 2- acrylamide-2-methylpro panesulfonic acids terpolymer and 0.5～2 unit mass
Thing.
Alternatively, the fresh water is natural fresh water of the sodium chloride salinity less than 10000mg/L.
Alternatively, the anti-sloughing agent is emulsified asphalt, potassium chloride or ammonium chloride.
Alternatively, the polymeric alcohol is polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol.
Alternatively, the inorganic base is sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or NaOH.
Alternatively, the drilling fluid also includes：The cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of 1 unit mass.
Present invention also offers the drilling fluid used in a kind of cbm development drilling well, used in the cbm development drilling well
Drilling fluid be any one drilling fluid above-mentioned.
From above-mentioned, this fresh water including 100 unit masses of the present invention, the filtrate reducing of 1.5～4.5 unit masses
Agent, the anti-sloughing agent of 1 unit mass, the polymeric alcohol of 2 unit masses, the inorganic sodium bentonite of 1.5 unit masses, 1 unit mass
The drilling fluid of the reduction formation damage of the inorganic base of fluorocarbon surfactant and 3 unit masses, can effectively reduce reservoir liquid
Surface tension, so as to produce wetting or dewetting, while reduce storage capillary resistance, so as to significantly reduce brill
Water-blocking effect produced by well process, and then reduce the injury to bottom.Also, the drilling fluid of the present invention is particluarly suitable for coal seam
Used in gas exploitation drilling well.
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention will be made into one below
Step ground is described in detail.
The core concept of the present invention is, for existing drilling fluid as water is locked to formation damage than more serious, to make stratum
The problem that permeability is substantially reduced, adds surfactant in drilling fluid, so as to effectively reduce the surface tension of reservoir liquid,
So as to produce wetting or dewetting, while reducing the capillary resistance of storage, finally preferably solution eliminating water is locked, and reduces to stratum
Injury.
The characteristics of surfactant is：
(1), a small amount of addition just can substantially reduce the surface tension or interfacial tension of solution, change interface state,
Surface is made in the state of activation, so as to produce wetting or dewetting.
(2), surfactant is a kind of volatile polar substances, can accelerate the evaporation for invading liquid, and this is conducive to nearly well
Stratum stagnant liquid is driven away with evaporation mode, preferably solution eliminating water lock.
The surfactant added in the drilling fluid of the reduction formation damage of the present invention is fluorocarbon surfactant.Fluorine carbon
Surfactant is most important kind inside special surfactant, refers to that hydrogen is former in the hydrocarbon chain of hc-surfactant
Son is replaced by fluorine atom in whole or in part, i.e., fluorocarbon chain instead of hydrocarbon chain, and therefore in surfactant, nonpolar base is not
The performance of only hydrophobic property and unique oleophobic, it can significantly decrease the surface tension of solvent with extremely low concentration.
After surfactant is added, surfactant can change interface state, make surface in activation shape
State, asks so as to producing wetting or dewetting and solving the water lock that drilling process especially produced in cbm development drilling process
Topic.Meanwhile, because the pore constriction diameter very little of reservoir especially coalbed methane reservoir, its capillary resistance is just very big, surface
The addition of activating agent reduces interfacial tension, so as to reduce capillary resistance.And surfactant is a kind of polar substances, this
Sample has speeded up the evaporation for invading liquid, and this is conducive near wellbore formation stagnant liquid to be driven away with evaporation mode, preferably solution eliminating water lock.
As surfactant has distinctive property above so that the interfacial tension of gas phase and liquid phase reduces, improve gas phase and ooze relatively
Saturating rate, so that overcome the startup reduced pressure needed for water-blocking effect in gas recovery.
Further, in the drilling fluid of the present invention, while fluorocarbon surfactant is added, can add certain
The cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of amount, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide are a kind of cationic surfactants, add 16
Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide can reduce the consumption of fluorocarbon surfactant, cost-effective.Do not affect simultaneously to reduce stratum liquid
Capillary effect.And add cetyl trimethylammonium bromide that the caving-preventing characteristic of drilling fluid of the present invention can be made substantially to increase
Plus.
The drilling fluid of the reduction formation damage of the present invention includes：The fresh water of 100 unit masses, 1.5～4.5 unit masses
Fluid loss additive, the anti-sloughing agent of 1 unit mass, the polymeric alcohol of 2 unit masses, the inorganic sodium bentonite of 1.5 unit masses, 1 unit
The fluorocarbon surfactant of quality and the inorganic base of 3 unit masses.
In the drilling fluid of the embodiment of the present invention, fluid loss additive can only use acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2- acryloyls
One kind in amido -2- methyl propane sulfonic acids terpolymer or polyanion cellulose, but in order to obtain more preferable filtrate reducing
Effect, preferably will be fine to acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2- acrylamide-2-methylpro panesulfonic acids terpolymer and polyanion
Dimension element mixes use.Certainly, using acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2- acrylamide-2-methylpro panesulfonic acids ternary altogether
Conventional filtrate reducing outside polymers and polyanion cellulose can also solve the technical problem to be solved in the present invention.
High salinity due to preparing the fresh water used by drilling fluid easily pollutes water-base drilling fluid, and maintenance is dealt with improperly
When, the generation of down hole problem can be caused, increase drilling cost, and when the fresh water salinity for preparing drilling fluid is higher,
Bore property of drilling fluid will be also adjusted before meeting mud making formation.Therefore, in the drilling fluid of the embodiment of the present invention, in order that the brill for preparing
Well liquid reaches superior technique effect, and the fresh water used by preparation drilling fluid is preferably less than 10000mg/ using sodium chloride salinity
The natural fresh water of L.
In the drilling fluid of the embodiment of the present invention, anti-sloughing agent can adopt emulsified asphalt, potassium chloride or ammonium chloride.
In the drilling fluid of the embodiment of the present invention, polymeric alcohol can adopt polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol.
In the drilling fluid of the embodiment of the present invention, inorganic base can adopt sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or NaOH.
Especially, drilling fluid of the invention is particularly suitable for used in cbm development drilling well.
In order to check the performance of drilling fluid of the present invention, inventor to prepare following five embodiments of drilling fluid of the present invention
Drilling fluid has simultaneously carried out performance detection experiment.
Experimental technique used in the following example if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material agents used in the following example etc., if no special instructions, commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1
Fill a prescription and be：Fresh water 800g, acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2- acrylamide-2-methylpro panesulfonic acid terpolymers
(calling HYJ-1 in the following text) 8g, polyanion cellulose (calling PAC-LV in the following text) 4g, emulsified asphalt 8g, polyethylene glycol 16g, inorganic sodium swelling
Native 12g, fluorocarbon surfactant 8g, sodium carbonate 24g.The quality proportioning of each component is water：HYJ-1：PAC-LV：Emulsified asphalt：
Polyethylene glycol：Inorganic sodium bentonite：Fluorocarbon surfactant：Sodium carbonate=100：1：0.5：1：2：1.5：1：3.
Embodiment 2
Fill a prescription and be：Fresh water 800g, HYJ-18g, PAC-LV16g, emulsified asphalt 8g, polyethylene glycol 16g, inorganic sodium bentonite
12g, fluorocarbon surfactant 8g, sodium carbonate 24g.The quality proportioning of each component is water：HYJ-1：PAC-LV：Emulsified asphalt：Poly-
Ethylene glycol：Inorganic sodium bentonite：Fluorocarbon surfactant：Sodium carbonate=100：1：2：1：2：1.5：1：3.
Embodiment 3
Fill a prescription and be：Fresh water 800g, HYJ-120g, PAC-LV4g, emulsified asphalt 8g, polyethylene glycol 16g, inorganic sodium bentonite
12g, fluorocarbon surfactant 8g, sodium carbonate 24g.The quality proportioning of each component is water：HYJ-1：PAC-LV：Emulsified asphalt：Poly-
Ethylene glycol：Inorganic sodium bentonite：Fluorocarbon surfactant：Sodium carbonate=100：2.5：0.5：1：2：1.5：1：3
Embodiment 4
Fill a prescription and be：Fresh water 800g, HYJ-120g, PAC-LV16g, emulsified asphalt 8g, polyethylene glycol 16g, inorganic sodium swelling
Native 12g, fluorocarbon surfactant 8g, sodium carbonate 24g.The quality proportioning of each component is water：HYJ-1：PAC-LV：Emulsified asphalt：
Polyethylene glycol：Inorganic sodium bentonite：Fluorocarbon surfactant：Sodium carbonate=100：2.5：2：1：2：1.5：1：3.
According to above-mentioned formula, under agitation, HYJ-1, PAC-LV, emulsified asphalt, poly- second is sequentially added in fresh water
Glycol, inorganic sodium bentonite, fluorocarbon surfactant, sodium carbonate, obtain final product the embodiment 1～4 of the drilling fluid of the present invention.
In the drilling fluid of the present invention, in the use of surfactant, while adding fluorocarbon surfactant, can be with
Add a certain amount of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.By taking above-described embodiment 1 as an example, add on the basis of embodiment 1 certain
The cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of amount, obtains embodiment 5.
Embodiment 5
Fill a prescription and be：Fresh water 800g, HYJ-18g, PAC-LV4g, emulsified asphalt 8g, polyethylene glycol 16g, inorganic sodium bentonite
12g, fluorocarbon surfactant 8g, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 8g, sodium carbonate 24g.The quality proportioning of each component is water：
HYJ-1：PAC-LV：Emulsified asphalt：Polyethylene glycol：Inorganic sodium bentonite：Fluorocarbon surfactant：Cetyl trimethyl bromination
Ammonium：Sodium carbonate=100：1：0.5：1：2：1.5：1：1：3.
According to the formula of embodiment 5, under agitation, sequentially add in fresh water HYJ-1, PAC-LV, emulsified asphalt,
Polyethylene glycol, inorganic sodium bentonite, fluorocarbon surfactant, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, sodium carbonate, obtain final product the present invention's
The embodiment 5 of drilling fluid.
In the drilling fluid composition of the present invention, the emulsified asphalt in above-mentioned five embodiments can also use potassium chloride or chlorination
Ammonium replaces；Polyethylene glycol in above-mentioned five embodiments can also be replaced with polyvinyl alcohol；Carbonic acid in above-mentioned five embodiments
Sodium can also be replaced with sodium acid carbonate or NaOH.
In order to illustrate that drilling fluid composition of the present invention reduces the capillary technique effect of drilling fluid, underneath with cetyl
Trimethylammonium bromide replacing the fluorocarbon surfactant in embodiment 1 to obtain comparative formula 1, and by above-mentioned five embodiments with
The performance of comparative formula 1 is contrasted.
Comparative formula 1, filling a prescription is：Fresh water 800g, HYJ-18g, PAC-LV4g, emulsified asphalt 8g, polyethylene glycol 16g, nothing
Machine sodium bentonite 12g, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 8g, sodium carbonate 24g.The quality proportioning of each component is water：HYJ-1：
PAC-LV：Emulsified asphalt：Polyethylene glycol：Inorganic sodium bentonite：Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide：Sodium carbonate=100：1：0.5：
1：2：1.5：1：3.
According to the formula of comparative formula 1, under agitation, HYJ-1, PAC-LV, emulsification drip is sequentially added in fresh water
Green grass or young crops, polyethylene glycol, inorganic sodium bentonite, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, sodium carbonate, obtain final product the drilling fluid of comparative formula 1.
Performance test is carried out to the drilling fluid of above-described embodiment 1～5 and comparative formula 1, the index of test includes：
(1) density, surveys the special liquid densimeter of density with drilling fluid and is measured.
(2) apparent viscosity, measuring method is：Sample is poured in container, rotating cylinder is just immersed to graduation mark, is opened instrument
Device, after reading is constant, records reading value of the rotating speed in 600rpm and 300rpm respectively.
(3) pH value, measuring method：Drilling well drop is dipped on pH test paper with cleaned glass rod, reference standard color range reading.
(4) API filtration, measuring method：Drilling fluid is placed in slurry cup, loads filter paper, be inverted on filter press, open respectively
Nitrogen cuts down, and records reading during itself 7.5min and 30min.
(5) surface tension, measuring method：Gained filtrate when collecting measurement API filtration, places it under surface tension instrument
Measure its tension force.
Result to the performance test of above-mentioned six kinds of drilling fluids is referring to table 1.Table 1 be drilling fluid embodiment performance of the present invention and
Conventional drilling fluidity energy contrast table.
Table 1
Test result from table 1 can be seen that the drilling fluid of the present invention and not only meet wellbore construction to drilling fluid items
The requirement of performance, and substantially more low than conventional drilling liquid in surface tension this performance, and low surface tension can have
Effect mitigates the water lock that drilling process is caused, so as to mitigate injury of the drilling process to stratum.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of drilling fluid for reducing formation damage, especially a kind of suitable for coal bed gas
The drilling fluid of exploitation drilling well, the drilling fluid of the present invention do not need special dosing apparatus, prepare simple.And density is easy to adjust,
Property of drilling fluid is easy to maintain.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, protection scope of the present invention is not intended to limit.All
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements that is made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
Interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of reduce formation damage drilling fluid, it is characterised in that
The drilling fluid includes：The fresh water of 100 unit masses, the fluid loss additive of 1.5～4.5 unit masses, 1 unit mass anti-
Collapse agent, the polymeric alcohol of 2 unit masses, the inorganic sodium bentonite of 1.5 unit masses, the fluorocarbon surfactant of 1 unit mass, 1
The cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of unit mass and the inorganic base of 3 unit masses；
The fluid loss additive of 1.5～4.5 unit mass is acrylic acid, acrylamide and the 2- acryloyl of 1～2.5 unit mass
The mixture of the polyanion cellulose of amido -2- methyl propane sulfonic acids terpolymer and 0.5～2 unit mass.
2. drilling fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The fresh water is natural fresh water of the sodium chloride salinity less than 10000mg/L.
3. drilling fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The anti-sloughing agent is emulsified asphalt, potassium chloride or ammonium chloride.
4. drilling fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The polymeric alcohol is polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol.
5. drilling fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The inorganic base is sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or NaOH.
6. the drilling fluid used in a kind of cbm development drilling well, it is characterised in that
The drilling fluid is the drilling fluid in claim 1-5 described in any one.
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| CN201410242884.1A CN104046339B (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Drilling fluid used in the drilling fluid of reduction formation damage and cbm development drilling well |
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| CN104927804B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-01-12 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Heat Resistant and Salt Tolerant Polymer fluid loss additive and preparation method thereof |
| US10640694B2 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2020-05-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Compositions and methods of making of shale inhibition fluids |
| CN107011192B (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2019-01-01 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of overlength carbochain parents head base hydrophobic monomer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108756870A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | A kind of fracturing fluid in the coalbed methane injury performance and Injury Mechanism analysis method |
| CN113355068A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-07 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Coal mine underground strong-inhibition drilling fluid and use method thereof |
| CN114854378A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-05 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Degradable hole washing liquid additive for mines and preparation method and use method thereof |
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