CN104043882A - Boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104043882A CN104043882A CN201410319933.7A CN201410319933A CN104043882A CN 104043882 A CN104043882 A CN 104043882A CN 201410319933 A CN201410319933 A CN 201410319933A CN 104043882 A CN104043882 A CN 104043882A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material and a preparation method and application of the boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material and belongs to the technical field of application of electrical discharge machining electrode materials. The boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material aims to solve the problem that an existing electrode material on an electrical process machine is poor in electrical conductivity and ablation resistance. The boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material is made of, by mass, 55%-65% of boron carbide powder, 20%-40% of zirconium boride powder and 5%-15% of copper and nickel mixed powder. The preparation method comprises the steps that firstly, all the raw materials are arranged in a ball mill and mixed in a ball-milling mode through a wet method to obtain slurry; secondly, the slurry is dried under a vacuum condition and pulverized to obtain mixed powder; thirdly, the mixed powder is subjected to high-temperature sintering under the protection of argon gas and hydrogen gas, and then preparation of the electrode material is completed. According to the composite electrode material prepared through the method, the resistance rate is (1.3-3.0)*10-5 omega/m, the wire ablativity ranges from 0.001 s/min to 0.1 s/min, and the composite electrode material shows good electrical conductivity and ablation resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric discharging machining electrode material applied technical field, be specifically related to a kind of boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The crudy of precision EDM lathe depends primarily on electrode material, and wherein the conductive characteristic of electrode material and Burning corrosion resistance have the greatest impact to machined surface quality.The good conductivity of material can be guaranteed smooth striking and the electric discharge between machined electrode and workpiece, is beneficial to the removal (ablation) of machined material; The Burning corrosion resistance of material can reduce the electrode erosion in electric machining process well, improves the precision of machining shape.For traditional electric machining, conventionally select red copper to do electrode material, its excellent conductivity, but Burning corrosion resistance is bad, needs to consume a large amount of copper in process, causes the great wasting of resources.
Preparing the good electric conductivity of new electrode materials importance major embodiment technically, to have again good high temperature resistance ablative.Therefore the research of new electrode materials receives the concern of scientific circles and industrial quarters.And existing boron carbide-based composite material is mainly used in abrasive material field, the application in the electrode material of precision EDM have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the electric conductivity of the electrode material on existing precision EDM lathe poor, the problem that Burning corrosion resistance is poor, and a kind of boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material and preparation method and application are provided.
Boron carbide-zirconium boride of the present invention-copper nickel electrode material by quality percentage composition by 55%～65% boron carbide powder, 20%～40% zirconium boride powder and 5%～15% copper nickel mixed-powder are made, and wherein copper nickel mixed-powder is by mass ratio, to be 9:1 copper powder and nickel powder mix.
The preparation method of boron carbide-zirconium boride of the present invention-copper nickel electrode material follows these steps to realize:
One, by quality percentage composition, take 55%～65% boron carbide powder, 20%～40% zirconium boride powder and 5%～15% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material, then the raw material taking is placed in to ball mill, adopts wet ball grinding that raw material is mixed, obtain slurry;
Two, slurry step 1 being obtained is placed under vacuum condition and dries, and the slurry after oven dry grinds and obtains mixed powder;
Three, mixed powder step 2 being obtained is placed under the protection of argon hydrogen mixture, at atmosphere pressures, is not more than 1 * 10
5pa, temperature is 1800 ℃～1850 ℃, heat preservation sintering 1h～3h under the condition that sintering pressure is 30MPa～40MPa obtains boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material;
Copper powder and nickel powder that wherein the copper nickel mixed-powder described in step 1 is 9:1 by mass ratio form.
The application of boron carbide-zirconium boride of the present invention-copper nickel electrode material is as electric discharging machining electrode material.
The present invention is by being incorporated into boronation zirconium powder and copper nickel powder in boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material system, significantly improved on the one hand the electric conductivity of boron carbide-based composite material, elevated temperature strength and the Burning corrosion resistance of material have been improved on the other hand, utilize mechanical alloying to reduce the sintering temperature of boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material simultaneously, thereby prepare boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material of function admirable.The room temperature tensile strength of boron carbide-zirconium boride that the present invention prepares-copper nickel composite material is 200MPa～300MPa, and resistivity is (1.3-3.0) * 10
-5Ω/m, linear ablative rate is (0.001～0.1) s/min.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of boron carbide-zirconium boride of the present invention-copper nickel electrode material.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material by quality percentage composition by 55%～65% boron carbide powder, 20%～40% zirconium boride powder and 5%～15% copper nickel mixed-powder are made, and wherein copper nickel mixed-powder is by mass ratio, to be 9:1 copper powder and nickel powder mix.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one is that the purity of described boron carbide powder, zirconium boride powder and corronil powder is all not less than 98%.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one or two is that the particle diameter of described boron carbide powder is not more than 10 μ m, and the particle diameter of zirconium boride powder is not more than 5 μ m, and the particle diameter of copper powder and nickel powder is not more than 10 μ m.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to three is boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material by quality percentage composition by 60% boron carbide powder, 25% zirconium boride powder and 15% copper nickel mixed-powder are made.
The specific embodiment five: the preparation method of present embodiment boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material follows these steps to realize:
One, by quality percentage composition, take 55%～65% boron carbide powder, 20%～40% zirconium boride powder and 5%～15% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material, then the raw material taking is placed in to ball mill, adopts wet ball grinding that raw material is mixed, obtain slurry;
Two, slurry step 1 being obtained is placed under vacuum condition and dries, and the slurry after oven dry grinds and obtains mixed powder;
Three, mixed powder step 2 being obtained is placed under the protection of argon hydrogen mixture, at atmosphere pressures, is not more than 1 * 10
5pa, temperature is 1800 ℃～1850 ℃, heat preservation sintering 1h～3h under the condition that sintering pressure is 30MPa～40MPa obtains boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material;
Copper powder and nickel powder that wherein the copper nickel mixed-powder described in step 1 is 9:1 by mass ratio form.
The specific embodiment six: what present embodiment was different from the specific embodiment five is that the wet ball grinding described in step 1 is to take absolute ethyl alcohol as dispersant, and the consumption of absolute ethyl alcohol is 1～2 times of raw material cumulative volume.Other step and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment five.
The specific embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different from the specific embodiment five or six is that the ball mill described in step 1 is planetary ball mill, and the rotating speed of ball mill is 220r/min～400r/min, and ball material mass ratio is (5～8): 1.Other step and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment five or six.
The specific embodiment eight: what present embodiment was different from one of specific embodiment five to seven is that the temperature of drying in step 2 is 70 ℃～80 ℃.Other step and parameter are identical with one of specific embodiment five to seven.
The specific embodiment nine: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment five to eight is that the argon gas that is 95% by volume ratio of the argon hydrogen mixture described in step 3 and 5% hydrogen form.
The specific embodiment ten: the boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material application described in the present embodiment application specific embodiment one is as electric discharging machining electrode material.
The specific embodiment 11: what present embodiment was different from the specific embodiment ten is boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material to be carried out to the spark machined in plane, curved surface, screw thread and hole.
Embodiment mono-: the preparation method of the present embodiment boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material follows these steps to realize:
One, by quality percentage composition, take 60% boron carbide powder, 25% zirconium boride powder and 15% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material, then the raw material taking is placed in to ball mill, take absolute ethyl alcohol as dispersant, rotating speed at ball mill is 400r/min, ratio of grinding media to material is ball milling mixing 8h under the condition of 5: 1, obtains slurry;
Two, slurry step 1 being obtained is to dry under the vacuum condition of 80 ℃ in temperature, and the slurry after oven dry is placed in agate mortar and grinds, and obtains mixed powder;
Three, mixed powder step 2 being obtained is placed under the protection of argon hydrogen mixture, at atmosphere pressures 5 * 10
3pa, temperature is 1850 ℃, heat preservation sintering 1h under the condition that sintering pressure is 30MPa obtains boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material;
Copper powder and nickel powder that wherein the copper nickel mixed-powder described in step 1 is 9:1 by mass ratio form.
In the present embodiment step 1, the consumption of absolute ethyl alcohol is 1 times of raw material cumulative volume.
Embodiment bis-: what the present embodiment was different from embodiment mono-is that step 1 takes 65% boron carbide powder by quality percentage composition, and 30% zirconium boride powder and 5% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material.
Embodiment tri-: what the present embodiment was different from embodiment mono-is that step 1 takes 55% boron carbide powder by quality percentage composition, and 35% zirconium boride powder and 10% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material.
Embodiment tetra-: the preparation method of the present embodiment boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material follows these steps to realize:
One, by quality percentage composition, take 60% boron carbide powder, 32% zirconium boride powder and 8% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material, then the raw material taking is placed in to ball mill, take absolute ethyl alcohol as dispersant, rotating speed at ball mill is 220rpm, ratio of grinding media to material is ball milling mixing 10h under the condition of 8: 1, obtains slurry;
Two, slurry step 1 being obtained is to dry under the vacuum condition of 70 ℃ in temperature, and the slurry after oven dry is placed in agate mortar and grinds, and obtains mixed powder;
Three, mixed powder step 2 being obtained is placed under the protection of argon hydrogen mixture, at atmosphere pressures 7 * 10
4pa, temperature is 1800 ℃, heat preservation sintering 2h under the condition that sintering pressure is 35MPa obtains boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material;
Copper powder and nickel powder that wherein the copper nickel mixed-powder described in step 1 is 9:1 by mass ratio form.
In the present embodiment step 1, the consumption of absolute ethyl alcohol is 2 times of raw material cumulative volume.
Embodiment five: what the present embodiment was different from embodiment tetra-is that step 1 takes 56% boron carbide powder by quality percentage composition, and 32% zirconium boride powder and 12% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material.
Embodiment six: what the present embodiment was different from embodiment tetra-is that step 1 takes 64% boron carbide powder by quality percentage composition, and 30% zirconium boride powder and 6% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material.
It is 3 * 4 * 36mm that boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material that embodiment mono-to embodiment six is obtained cuts into gauge length
3bending test specimen and Φ 3mm * 20mm resistivity measurement sample, and specimen surface is carried out to polishing, then the sample after polishing is carried out to mechanical property and resistivity measurement, its test result is in Table 1.Table 2 is boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel composite material Burning corrosion resistance energy test data.
Table 1
Table 2
Claims (10)
1. boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material, it is characterized in that this boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material by quality percentage composition by 55%～65% boron carbide powder, 20%～40% zirconium boride powder and 5%～15% copper nickel mixed-powder are made, and wherein copper nickel mixed-powder is by mass ratio, to be 9:1 copper powder and nickel powder mix.
2. boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 1-copper nickel electrode material, is characterized in that the purity of described boron carbide powder, zirconium boride powder and corronil powder is all not less than 98%.
3. boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 1-copper nickel electrode material, is characterized in that the particle diameter of described boron carbide powder is not more than 10 μ m, and the particle diameter of zirconium boride powder is not more than 5 μ m, and the particle diameter of copper powder and nickel powder is not more than 10 μ m.
4. boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 1-copper nickel electrode material, it is characterized in that boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material by quality percentage composition by 60% boron carbide powder, 25% zirconium boride powder and 15% copper nickel mixed-powder are made.
5. the preparation method of boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material, it is characterized in that following these steps to realizing:
One, by quality percentage composition, take 55%～65% boron carbide powder, 20%～40% zirconium boride powder and 5%～15% copper nickel mixed-powder are as raw material, then the raw material taking is placed in to ball mill, adopts wet ball grinding that raw material is mixed, obtain slurry;
Two, slurry step 1 being obtained is placed under vacuum condition and dries, and the slurry after oven dry grinds and obtains mixed powder;
Three, mixed powder step 2 being obtained is placed under the protection of argon hydrogen mixture, at atmosphere pressures, is not more than 1 * 10
5pa, temperature is 1800 ℃～1850 ℃, heat preservation sintering 1h～3h under the condition that sintering pressure is 30MPa～40MPa obtains boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material;
Copper powder and nickel powder that wherein the copper nickel mixed-powder described in step 1 is 9:1 by mass ratio form.
6. the preparation method of boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 5-copper nickel electrode material, is characterized in that the wet ball grinding described in step 1 is to take absolute ethyl alcohol as dispersant, and the consumption of absolute ethyl alcohol is 1～2 times of raw material cumulative volume.
7. the preparation method of boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 5-copper nickel electrode material, it is characterized in that the ball mill described in step 1 is planetary ball mill, the rotating speed of ball mill is 220r/min～400r/min, and ball material mass ratio is (5～8): 1.
8. the preparation method of boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 5-copper nickel electrode material, is characterized in that the temperature of drying in step 2 is 70 ℃～80 ℃.
9. the preparation method of boron carbide-zirconium boride according to claim 5-copper nickel electrode material, is characterized in that the hydrogen of argon gas that the argon hydrogen mixture described in step 3 is 95% by volume ratio and 5% forms.
10. the application of boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material, is characterized in that the application of boron carbide-zirconium boride-copper nickel electrode material is as electric discharging machining electrode material.
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