CN104043830A - Additive manufacturing device composite powder compacting and spreading device and method - Google Patents
Additive manufacturing device composite powder compacting and spreading device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104043830A CN104043830A CN201410298468.3A CN201410298468A CN104043830A CN 104043830 A CN104043830 A CN 104043830A CN 201410298468 A CN201410298468 A CN 201410298468A CN 104043830 A CN104043830 A CN 104043830A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an additive manufacturing device composite powder compacting and spreading device and method. The powder spreading device comprises a pressure powder spreading machine and a vibration system, wherein the pressure powder spreading machine is provided with a coating surface with a certain inclined angle and used for spreading a powder material, and the vibration system is used for vibrating and compacting the spread powder material. According to the powder spreading device, due to the fact that the pressure powder spreading machine is provided with the coating surface with the certain inclined angle, in the powder spreading process, after loose powder enters the included angle formed between the coating surface and a powder spreading plane, the heated loose powder is mutually extruded through the gradually-decreasing space, and then gaps between the powder become smaller; the vibration system vibrates and pressurizes the extruded powder, distribution arrangement of the gaps between the extruded powder is stabilized, namely, rebound of the spread powder is reduced, the powder material is elastically deformed and then the flat-spread powder is compacted, so that compactness of three-dimensional forming products is improved, and mechanical performance of the three-dimensional forming products is further improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rapid shaping and manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device and method of increasing.
Background technology
Rapid shaping technique (Rapid Prototyping, be called for short RP) be an advanced manufacturing technology with distinguishing features such as digitlization manufacture, highly flexible and adaptability, directly cad model drive, quick, material type is rich and varied, be developed so far from later 1980s, oneself becomes one column technology in modern advanced manufacturing technique.Selective laser sintering (Selective Laser Sintering, be called for short SLS) be development in recent years one of rapid shaping technique the most rapidly, it is taking dusty material as raw material, adopt laser successively to scan prototype manufacture to the cross section of 3D solid, be not subject to the restriction of part shape complexity, without any need for moulds of industrial equipment, applied range.The basic process of selective laser sintering technique is: a certain amount of powder is delivered to work top by dust feeder, power spreading device is laid in one deck dusty material the upper surface of the molded part of moulding cylinder, heater is heated to powder the powder sintered temperature of setting, galvanometer control laser instrument scans solid section powder bed according to the cross section profile of this layer, make the temperature of powder rise to melting point, powder smelting sintering is also realized bonding with in type part below; After a layer cross section sintering is complete, the decline thickness of a layer of workbench, power spreading device layer overlay powder uniformly densely in the above again, carries out the scanning sintering of a new layer cross section, through some layers of scanning stack, until complete whole prototype manufacture.
In above-mentioned prior art, what power spreading device generally adopted is powder-laying roller cylinder or scraper plate, although existing power spreading device also can be realized the function of powder feeding and spreading, but because the powder of laying is loose characteristic, be that gap between powder particle and particle is larger, therefore the three-dimensionally shaped product compactness being obtained by the powder manufacture of this loose characteristic is poor, has finally affected the mechanical performance of three-dimensionally shaped product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, the problem existing for prior art, provides one can improve three-dimensionally shaped product compactness, improves increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device and the method for its mechanical performance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device that increases, comprising:
Pressure Powder spreader, described pressure Powder spreader has the applicator surface at certain angle of inclination, for laying powder; And
Vibrational system, described vibrational system is for carrying out vibrating compacting to the powder of laying.
Further preferably, described power spreading device also comprises guide rail, and described guide rail is arranged on the both sides of work top; Described pressure Powder spreader is arranged on guide rail, and can on guide rail, move.
Further preferably, described pressure Powder spreader is paving powder plate, the bottom of described paving powder plate comprises first area and second area, in described first area, has a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate, and described second area tilts at an angle with paving powder plane.
Further preferably, described second area is 0.1 ° ~ 5 ° inclinations with paving powder plane.
Further preferably, described pressure Powder spreader is paving powder plate, the bottom of described paving powder plate comprises first area, second area and the 3rd region, in described first area, have a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate, described second area and the 3rd region division are in the both sides of first area, and described second area tilts at an angle with paving powder plane, described the 3rd region tilts at an angle with paving powder plane.
Further preferably, described the 3rd region is 0.1 ° ~ 5 ° inclinations with paving powder plane.
Further preferably, described the 3rd region and second area are symmetricly set on the both sides of first area.
Further preferably, described vibrational system involving vibrations plate and supersonic generator, described oscillating plate is arranged in bar-shaped trough, and the length of oscillating plate is more than or equal to the width of paving powder plane, described supersonic generator is connected with oscillating plate, for driving vibration plate vibrates.
Further preferably, described power spreading device also comprises beam, and described beam is arranged between oscillating plate and paving powder plate.
Further preferably, described paving powder plate is cambered surface for promoting the side lower part of powder.
A kind of material manufacturing equipment that increases, comprises for to laying heater that dusty material heats and the power spreading device of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
A kind of material manufacture method that increases, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: adopt the pressure Powder spreader with certain angle of inclination dusty material to be coated on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing, and adopting vibrational system to carry out vibrating compacting to the dusty material applying, heater heats in the laying of dusty material;
Step 2: in the time that the temperature of dusty material reaches sintering temperature, by laser or other energy source, the dusty material of completing is being cured on layer position accordingly with the cross section of three-dimensional body;
Repeating step one and step 2, until three-dimensional body completes.
Further preferably, in step 1, can adopt the power spreading device of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment dusty material to be coated on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing.
Further preferably, by vibrational system, the dusty material applying is carried out to vibrating compacting, make dusty material plastic deformation.
Increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device of the present invention, because pressure Powder spreader has the applicator surface at certain angle of inclination, like this in paving powder process, loose powder enters applicator surface and spreads after the angle of powder plane formation, the space reducing gradually just can make the loose powder of heating mutually be pushed, thereby make the gap smaller between powder, further because vibrational system is vibrated pressurization to the powder after being squeezed, make the powder gap distribution arrangement after extruding be able to firm, reduced to lay the resilience of powder, thereby make dusty material reach plastic deformation, and then the powder of paving is played to compacting effect, therefore the present invention increases material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device and has improved three-dimensionally shaped product compactness, and then improve its mechanical performance.
Increasing material manufacturing equipment of the present invention, by comprising above-mentioned the have gap reducing between powder and the power spreading device of tamping powder, has improved the compactness of three-dimensionally shaped product thereby make to increase material manufacturing equipment, and then has improved its mechanical performance.
Increasing material manufacture method of the present invention, the pressure Powder spreader that has certain angle of inclination by employing is coated in dusty material on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing, and adopt vibrational system to carry out vibrating compacting to the dusty material applying, so just, make loose powder enter applicator surface and spread after the angle of powder plane formation, the space reducing gradually just can make the loose powder of heating mutually be pushed, thereby make the gap smaller between powder, further because vibrational system is vibrated pressurization to the powder after being squeezed, make the powder gap distribution arrangement after extruding be able to firm, reduced to lay the resilience of powder, thereby make dusty material reach plastic deformation, and then the powder of paving is played to compacting effect, therefore the present invention increases material manufacture method and has improved three-dimensionally shaped product compactness, and then improve its mechanical performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view that the present invention increases the embodiment that material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device provides;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of a kind of embodiment of Fig. 1 middle berth powder plate;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the another kind of embodiment of Fig. 1 middle berth powder plate;
Fig. 4 is the top view that the present invention increases another embodiment that material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device provides;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of a kind of embodiment of Fig. 4 middle berth powder plate;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of the another kind of embodiment of Fig. 4 middle berth powder plate;
Marginal data:
1, supersonic generator; 2, paving powder plate; 3, oscillating plate; 4, guide rail; 5, paving powder plane; 6, beam; 7, side lower part.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
The core that the present invention increases material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device is, adopt the compound rolling power spreading device of inclined-plane paving powder and the vibration of Pu Fen limit, limit to replace powder-laying roller cylinder of the prior art, can play better compacting effect to dusty material like this, thereby improve the compactness of three-dimensionally shaped product.Inventor, based on this inventive concept, through creatively working a kind of increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device is provided finally, comprises pressure Powder spreader, and described pressure Powder spreader has the applicator surface at certain angle of inclination, for laying powder; And vibrational system, described vibrational system is for carrying out vibrating compacting to the powder of laying.
In concrete enforcement, described power spreading device also comprises guide rail, and described guide rail is arranged on the both sides of work top; Described pressure Powder spreader is arranged on guide rail, and can on guide rail, move.
In concrete enforcement, described pressure Powder spreader is paving powder plate, the bottom of described paving powder plate comprises first area and second area, in described first area, has a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate, and described second area tilts at an angle with paving powder plane.Further preferably, the bottom of described paving powder plate also comprises the 3rd region, and described the 3rd region tilts at an angle with paving powder plane, can make like this to spread powder plate back and forth movement on guide rail time, can realize two-way powder feeding and spreading, thereby improve the paving powder efficiency of power spreading device.Further preferably, described the 3rd region and second area are symmetricly set on the both sides of first area.
It should be noted that at this, paving powder plane refers to the plane of paving powder powder that plate spreads, and by carry out from level to level powder sintered in this paving powder plane, finally obtains three-dimensionally shaped product, and wherein the width of above-mentioned paving powder plane is perpendicular to the moving direction that spreads powder plate.In concrete enforcement, above-mentioned paving powder plate can adopt steel part or foundry goods.
In concrete enforcement, described vibrational system involving vibrations plate and supersonic generator, described oscillating plate is arranged in bar-shaped trough, and the length of oscillating plate is more than or equal to the width of paving powder plane, described supersonic generator is connected with oscillating plate, for driving vibration plate vibrates.
In addition, above-mentioned supersonic generator can be arranged on the Electric Appliance Cabinet of rapid forming equipment or equipment cavity is external arbitrarily can installation site.
Be understandable that, above-mentioned paving powder plate is connected with driving mechanism, and driving mechanism drives paving powder plate to move on guide rail, and this driving mechanism can be motor or other power source parts.It should be noted that at this, what only relate to due to inventive point of the present invention is the improvement of power spreading device, and other parts that increase material manufacturing equipment are prior art, therefore the overall structure that increases material manufacturing equipment are not described in detail in this application.
Be understandable that, above-mentioned pressure Powder spreader is in laying powder, and heater heats the powder of laying, and increases because heater belongs to the existing parts that material is manufactured, and therefore, in power spreading device of the present invention, it is not described in detail.
As another kind of optimal way of the present invention, described power spreading device also comprises beam, described beam is arranged between oscillating plate and paving powder plate, can isolate or reduce like this vibration effect of oscillating plate to paving powder plate, thereby ensures to increase the reliability of material manufacturing equipment work.
As another optimal way of the present invention, described paving powder plate be cambered surface for promoting the side lower part of powder, this cambered surface can increase the mobility of powder to be spread, and strengthens paving powder effect.
In order to make those skilled in the art to understand better and to realize technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 1 the present invention increases the top view of the embodiment that material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device provides, Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of a kind of embodiment of Fig. 1 middle berth powder plate, consult Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is known, increase material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device and comprise guide rail 4, paving powder plate 2, oscillating plate 3, beam 6 and supersonic generator 1, described guide rail 4 is arranged on the both sides of work top, the corner reductor of scene 2 is entered in servomotor drive one, make two of left and right Timing Belt drive paving powder plate 2 to move on guide rail 4, the bottom of described paving powder plate 2 comprises first area I and second area II, described second area II is α angle with paving powder plane 5, the span at described α angle is 0.1 ° ~ 5 °, certainly the concrete angle of inclination value at α angle need to be determined according to the material of powder, for example, in the time adopting nylon powder, α can be set as 0.5 °-2 °, described first area I can be parallel with paving powder plane 5, in the I of described first area, have a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate 2, described oscillating plate 3 is arranged in bar-shaped trough by beam 6, and the width d(that the length of oscillating plate 3 is slightly larger than paving powder plane 5 as shown in Figure 1), described supersonic generator 1 is connected with oscillating plate 3, be used for driving oscillating plate 3 to vibrate, when to be pawnshop powder plate 2 drive paving powder by servomotor, supersonic generator 1 drives oscillating plate 3 to vibrate, thereby realize Pu Fen limit, limit vibration powder.This embodiment power spreading device is in paving powder process, because the second area II of paving powder plate 2 bottoms is set to and spreads powder plane 5 and tilt at an angle, loose powder enters after the angle of second area II like this, the space reducing gradually just can make the loose powder of heating mutually be pushed, thereby make the gap smaller between powder, when powder continues to enter first area I, further because oscillating plate 3 vibrates pressurization to the powder after being squeezed, make the powder gap distribution arrangement after extruding be able to firm, reduced to lay the resilience of powder, thereby make powder reach plastic deformation, and then the powder of paving is played to compacting effect, therefore power spreading device of the present invention has improved the compactness of three-dimensionally shaped product, and then improve its mechanical performance.
On the basis of a upper embodiment, further preferably, the side lower part 7 for promoting powder of described paving powder plate 2 can be set to cambered surface, as shown in Figure 3, increase like this mobility of powder to be spread, strengthen the paving powder effect of paving powder plate 2.
Fig. 4 the present invention increases the top view of another embodiment that material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device provides, Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of a kind of embodiment of Fig. 4 middle berth powder plate, consult Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is known, increase material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device and comprise guide rail 4, paving powder plate 2, oscillating plate 3, beam 6 and supersonic generator 1, described guide rail 4 is arranged on the both sides of work top, the corner reductor of scene 2 is entered in servomotor drive one, make two of left and right Timing Belt drive paving powder plate 2 to move on guide rail 4, the bottom of described paving powder plate 2 comprises first area I, second area II and the 3rd region III, described second area II is α angle with paving powder plane 5, described the 3rd region III is β angle with paving powder plane 5, and described the 3rd region III and second area II are symmetricly set on the both sides of first area I, described α, the span at β angle is 0.1 ° ~ 5 °, certainly α, the concrete angle of inclination value at β angle need to be determined according to the material of powder.Described first area I can be parallel with paving powder plane 5, in the I of described first area, have a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate 2, described oscillating plate 3 is arranged in bar-shaped trough by beam 6, and the width d(that the length of oscillating plate 3 is slightly larger than paving powder plane 5 as shown in Figure 4), described supersonic generator 1 is connected with oscillating plate 3, be used for driving oscillating plate 3 to vibrate, when to be pawnshop powder plate 2 drive paving powder by servomotor, supersonic generator 1 drives oscillating plate 3 to vibrate, thereby has realized Pu Fen limit, limit vibration powder.This embodiment function that can play compacting powder same with a upper embodiment (see figure 2), difference is also, the bottom of the paving powder plate 2 of power spreading device also comprises the 3rd region III, described the 3rd region III tilts at an angle with paving powder plane 5, and described the 3rd region III and second area II are symmetricly set on the both sides of first area I, when pawnshop powder plate 2 moves from left to right on guide rail 4 like this (as shown in Figure 5), because the second area II of paving powder plate 2 bottoms is set to and spreads powder plane 5 and tilt at an angle, like this when loose powder enters after the angle of second area II, the space reducing gradually just can make the loose powder of heating mutually be pushed, thereby make the gap smaller between powder, when powder continues to enter first area I, again because oscillating plate 3 vibrates pressurization to the powder after being squeezed, make the powder gap distribution arrangement after extruding be able to firm, reduced to lay the resilience of powder, thereby make powder reach plastic deformation, and then the powder of paving is played to compacting effect, and pawnshop powder plate 2 when move from right to left on guide rail, in like manner because the 3rd region III of paving powder plate 2 bottoms is set to and spreads powder plane 5 and tilt at an angle, like this when loose powder enters after the angle of the 3rd region III, the space reducing gradually just can make the loose powder of heating mutually be pushed, thereby make the gap smaller between powder, when powder continues to enter first area I, again because oscillating plate 3 vibrates pressurization to the powder after being squeezed, make the powder gap distribution arrangement after extruding be able to firm, reduced to lay the resilience of powder, thereby make powder reach plastic deformation, and then the powder of paving is played to compacting effect, as from the foregoing, this embodiment can realize two-way powder laying, thereby improve the paving powder efficiency of power spreading device.
On the basis of a upper embodiment, further preferably, the side lower part 7 for promoting powder of described paving powder plate 2 can be set to cambered surface, as shown in Figure 6, increase like this mobility of powder to be spread, strengthen the paving powder effect of paving powder plate 2.
The present invention also provides a kind of increasing material manufacturing equipment, and described increasing material manufacturing equipment comprises for to laying the heater that heats of dusty material and the power spreading device of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
The present invention also provides a kind of increasing material manufacture method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: adopt the pressure Powder spreader with certain angle of inclination dusty material to be coated on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing, and adopting vibrational system to carry out vibrating compacting to the dusty material applying, heater heats in the laying of dusty material;
Step 2: in the time that the temperature of dusty material reaches sintering temperature, for example, by laser or other energy source (, electron beam) dusty material of completing is being cured on layer position accordingly with the cross section of three-dimensional body;
Repeating step one and step 2, until three-dimensional body completes.
In concrete enforcement, in step 1, can adopt the power spreading device of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment dusty material to be coated on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing.
In concrete enforcement, by vibrational system, the dusty material applying is carried out to vibrating compacting, make dusty material plastic deformation.
Increasing material manufacture method of the present invention, the pressure Powder spreader that has certain angle of inclination by employing is coated in dusty material on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing, and adopt vibrational system to carry out vibrating compacting to the dusty material applying, so just, make loose powder enter applicator surface and spread after the angle of powder plane formation, the space reducing gradually just can make the loose powder of heating mutually be pushed, thereby make the gap smaller between powder, further because vibrational system is vibrated pressurization to the powder after being squeezed, make the powder gap distribution arrangement after extruding be able to firm, reduced to lay the resilience of powder, thereby make dusty material reach plastic deformation, and then the powder of paving is played to compacting effect, therefore the present invention increases material manufacture method and has improved the compactness of three-dimensionally shaped product, and then improve its mechanical performance.
Above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonging under thinking of the present invention all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that some amendments and modification without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. increase a material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Pressure Powder spreader, described pressure Powder spreader has the applicator surface at certain angle of inclination, for laying dusty material; And
Vibrational system, described vibrational system is for carrying out vibrating compacting to the dusty material of laying.
2. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described power spreading device also comprises guide rail, and described guide rail is arranged on the both sides of work top; Described pressure Powder spreader is arranged on guide rail, and can on guide rail, move.
3. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pressure Powder spreader is paving powder plate, the bottom of described paving powder plate comprises first area and second area, in described first area, have a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate, described second area tilts at an angle with paving powder plane.
4. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described second area is 0.1 ° ~ 5 ° inclinations with paving powder plane.
5. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pressure Powder spreader is paving powder plate, the bottom of described paving powder plate comprises first area, second area and the 3rd region, in described first area, have a bar-shaped trough along the direction of moving perpendicular to paving powder plate, described second area and the 3rd region division are in the both sides of first area, and described second area tilts at an angle with paving powder plane, described the 3rd region tilts at an angle with paving powder plane.
6. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described the 3rd region is 0.1 ° ~ 5 ° inclinations with paving powder plane.
7. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described the 3rd region and second area are symmetricly set on the both sides of first area.
8. according to the increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device described in claim 3-7 any one, it is characterized in that, described vibrational system involving vibrations plate and supersonic generator, described oscillating plate is arranged in bar-shaped trough, and the length of oscillating plate is more than or equal to the width of paving powder plane, described supersonic generator is connected with oscillating plate, for driving vibration plate vibrates.
9. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described power spreading device also comprises beam, and described beam is arranged between oscillating plate and paving powder plate.
10. increasing material manufacturing equipment compound rolling power spreading device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described paving powder plate be cambered surface for promoting the side lower part of powder.
11. 1 kinds increase material manufacturing equipments, it is characterized in that, comprise the heater for heating laying dusty material, and power spreading device described in claim 1-10 any one.
12. 1 kinds increase material manufacture method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: adopt the pressure Powder spreader with certain angle of inclination dusty material to be coated on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing, and adopting vibrational system to carry out vibrating compacting to the dusty material applying, heater heats in the laying of dusty material;
Step 2: in the time that the temperature of dusty material reaches sintering temperature, by laser or other energy source, the dusty material of completing is being cured on layer position accordingly with the cross section of three-dimensional body;
Repeating step one and step 2, until three-dimensional body completes.
13. increasing material manufacture methods according to claim 12, is characterized in that, can adopt power spreading device described in claim 1-10 any one claim dusty material to be coated on the surface of carrier or on the layer of final curing in described step 1.
14. according to the increasing material manufacture method described in claim 12 or 13, it is characterized in that, by vibrational system, the dusty material applying is carried out to vibrating compacting, makes dusty material plastic deformation.
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