CN104037426B - The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field - Google Patents
The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104037426B CN104037426B CN201410229727.7A CN201410229727A CN104037426B CN 104037426 B CN104037426 B CN 104037426B CN 201410229727 A CN201410229727 A CN 201410229727A CN 104037426 B CN104037426 B CN 104037426B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field, two plate faces of described bipolar plates are equipped with reaction gas inlet, reaction gas outlet and gas flowfield, wherein gas flowfield structure is circular interdigitated flow field, reaction gas inlet place and Liang Chu flow field, reaction gas exit are tree, and the each runner in flow field is equal proportion tapered configuration. Convergent design of the present invention has promoted the forced convertion in interdigitated flow field, improves the chemical reaction efficiency of battery; Tree-shaped fractal structure can make up the shortcoming of interdigitated flow field high pressure drop, reacting gas is distributed in runner more even, thereby promotes the performance of integral battery door.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, particularly a kind of dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on the tree-shaped bionical interdigitated flow field structure of circular convergent.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (ProtonExchangeMembraneFuelCell, PEMFC) because of its have energy transformation ratio high, pollution-free, start the advantage such as fast and there is considerable market application foreground. Compared with heat engine, the chemical energy of fuel cell directly changes into electric energy, does not need tentatively to change into heat energy. Therefore, transform the restriction that is not subject to Carnot cycle, can realize in theory the high efficiency of 90% conversion.
Bipolar plates claims again collector plate, is the vitals of fuel cell, and needing to meet has and ask as follows: (1) realizes the connection of electricity between battery; (2) get rid of the used heat that in battery, chemical reaction produces; (3) separate fuel and oxidant.
Flow field is the groove of the various shapes of processing in bipolar plates, for reactant and product provide access way, flow passage structure determines reactant and the flow regime of product in flow field, ensure that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells normally moves, must make electrode all can obtain sufficient reactant everywhere, and in time the water generating is discharged, therefore flow field mechanism has a great impact the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
There is parallel flow field in the flow field of common dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, snake type flow field and interdigitated flow field. A remarkable advantage of parallel flow field is that the overall presure drop between gas feed and outlet is lower, but in the time that the width in flow field is relatively large, fluid in each runner distributes and there will be inhomogeneous phenomenon, this will cause the accumulation of the water of subregion, cause the increase of transmission consume, thereby reduced current density.
The advantage in snake type flow field is drainability, and single flow path can promote the discharge of aqueous water. But in large-area flow field, the pressure drop in snake type flow field is very large, and gas concentration skewness.
The design in interdigitated flow field has promoted the forced convertion of reacting gas in diffusion layer, and the effect of its water management is much better than parallel flow field and snake type flow field, but forced convertion in gas diffusion layers causes very large pressure drop loss.
Tree-shaped fractal structure exists widely at the Nature, is the product of nature long-term evolution, and therefore in the characteristic that has a lot of excellences aspect mass transfer transport, along with bionic development, increasing researcher is applied to scientific research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency for conventional flow field, the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field is proposed in conjunction with the feature of tree and tapered configuration, this new structure flow field can distribute reacting gas to arrive each branch runner more equably, more be conducive to the heat management of battery, strengthen the forced convertion in interdigitated flow field, thereby promote the performance of battery.
The present invention is the adopted technical scheme that achieves the above object:
The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field, two plate faces of described bipolar plates are equipped with reaction gas inlet, reaction gas outlet and gas flowfield, wherein gas flowfield structure is circular interdigitated flow field, reaction gas inlet place and Liang Chu flow field, reaction gas exit are tree, and the each runner in flow field is equal proportion tapered configuration.
Further, described flow field is provided with air inlet trunk runner, gas outlet trunk runner, multiple air inlet branch's runners and multiple branch's runner of giving vent to anger, reaction gas inlet is connected with air inlet trunk runner, reaction gas outlet is connected with gas outlet trunk runner, and air inlet trunk runner is connected with gas outlet branch runner, and gas outlet trunk runner is connected with gas outlet branch runner.
Further, branch's runner throat width equals the width of itself and sprue junction sprue.
Further, the width of trunk runner is directly proportional to the number of branch's runner, and branch's runner is more, and the width of trunk runner is larger.
Further, the width of runner and the degree of depth are equal proportion convergent, thereby sectional area diminishes.
Further, the convergent runner in flow field distributes in proportion, and the degree of depth of branch's runner is consistent with the convergent ratio of length.
Further, place, runner bosom face is same plane.
Effective effect of the present invention:
Based on the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell of tree-shaped biomimetic features, each branch runner can be arrived by uniform distribution reacting gas in this new structure flow field, makes reacting gas can be evenly distributed in reactive flowfield; Circular configuration is more conducive to the heat management of battery, and the heat that electrochemical reaction produces is spread to surrounding by the center of circle, more even; Convergent form strengthens the forced convertion in interdigitated flow field, and the amount that is diffused into the reacting gas of catalyst layer and diffusion layer in the unit interval increases, thereby promotes the performance of battery.
Further, the air inlet trunk runner of bipolar plate flow field of the present invention, the trunk runner of giving vent to anger are connected with multiple branches runners, and the width of trunk runner determines according to the number of straight channel, and the number of branch flow passage is more, and the width that main flow arrives is larger.
Further, the runner of bipolar plate flow field of the present invention is convergent form, and sectional area diminishes, but flow is constant, and flow velocity increases, and the amount that is diffused into the reacting gas of catalyst layer and diffusion layer in the unit interval increases.
Further, the convergent runner of bipolar plate flow field of the present invention distributes in proportion, and the degree of depth of branch flow passage is consistent with the ratio of length, and place, runner bosom face is same plane, more easily processing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in bipolar plates I type flow field in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is bipolar plates II type flow field structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram that in the present invention, bipolar plate runner enters/go out flow channel.
Fig. 4 is the artificial battery polarization curve in tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1: the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field, two plate faces of bipolar plates include reaction gas inlet 1 and reaction gas outlet 6 and gas flowfield.
Described gas flowfield is circular interdigitated flow field, comprises air inlet trunk runner 2, multiple air inlet branch's runner 3 and the trunk runner 5 of giving vent to anger, multiple branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger. Reaction gas inlet 1 place and reaction gas export two flow fields, place, 6 place and are tree, and wherein reaction gas inlet 1 is connected with air inlet major trunk roads 2, and air inlet major trunk roads 2 are connected with air inlet branch runner 3; The branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger is connected with the trunk runner 5 of giving vent to anger, and reaction gas outlet 6 is connected with the trunk runner 5 of giving vent to anger.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram that in the present invention, bipolar plate runner enters/go out flow channel, and the each runner in flow field is equal proportion tapered configuration as can be seen from Figure 3.
Wherein air inlet trunk runner 2 is from air inlet 1 to circular flow channel center width with degree of depth convergent. Gas outlet trunk runner 5 is from gas outlet 6 to circular flow channel center width and degree of depth convergent. Wherein the convergent ratio of width and the degree of depth is consistent.
Air inlet branch runner 3 throat widths equal the width of itself and air inlet trunk runner 2 junction air inlet trunk runners 2.
Branch's runner 4 throat widths of giving vent to anger equal it and the width of the trunk runner 5 junction air inlet trunk runners 5 of giving vent to anger.
Runner 3 imports from branch's runner of each air inlet branch are to tail width and degree of depth convergent.
Each branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger exports to tail width and degree of depth convergent from branch's runner.
Wherein the convergent ratio of width and the degree of depth is consistent.
Multiple air inlet branch's runners 3 and multiple branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger distribute from circular outer ring to inner ring classification. Wherein the width of various inlet branch runner 3 is from circular outer ring to inner race width equal proportion convergent.
Each grade of air inlet affluent-dividing road 3 and branch's runner 4 cross arrangements of giving vent to anger, wherein the afterbody of air inlet branch runner 3 is positioned at same one end with branch's runner 4 outlets of giving vent to anger, and the import of the afterbody of the branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger and air inlet branch runner 3 is positioned at same one end.
In the present embodiment, air inlet branch runner 3 is positioned at the outmost turns of circular flow channel.
In addition, the width of air inlet trunk runner 2 is relevant to the number of air inlet branch runner 3, air inlet branch runner more than 3, and the width of air inlet trunk runner 2 is larger.
Equally, the width of the trunk runner 5 of giving vent to anger is relevant to the number of the branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger, the branch's runner more than 4 of giving vent to anger, and the width of the trunk runner 5 of giving vent to anger is larger.
The runner in flow field is tapered configuration, and sectional area diminishes, but flow is constant, and flow velocity increases, and the amount that the unit interval is diffused into the reacting gas of catalyst layer and diffusion layer increases.
The convergent runner in flow field distributes in proportion, and the degree of depth of branch's runner is consistent with the ratio of length.
Further, place, runner bosom face is same plane.
This bipolar plates in use, wherein reacting gas enters bipolar plate runner by import 1, by air inlet sprue 2, reacting gas is distributed to air inlet branch flow passage 3 equably, be distributed to diffusion layer by forced convertion, and be further by convection into the branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger, be pooled to again the sprue 5 of giving vent to anger, finally discharged by reacting gas gas outlet 6.
The reacting gas of the present embodiment Anodic is hydrogen, and negative electrode is air or oxygen.
The bipolar plates of described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be made up of graphite material or metal material.
As shown in Figure 4, operating parameter is as table 1 for the emulation polarization curve of the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field:
| Open-circuit voltage (V) | 1.05 |
| Operating pressure (atm) | 2 |
| Operating temperature (K) | 343 |
| Hydrogen inlet flow (ml/min) | 30 |
| Oxygen inlet flow (ml/min) | 15 |
| Hydrogen adds humidity | 100% |
| Oxygen humidification degree | 100% |
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, wherein most of structure is identical with embodiment 1 for bipolar plates plate face structure, and unique difference is that the branch's runner 4 of giving vent to anger is positioned at the outmost turns of circular flow channel.
In actual application, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 these two kinds of structures can be mixed use mutually. The heat distribution of various combination is different with water distribution, is adapted to different applied environments.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not for limiting the present invention; any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make possible variation and amendment to technical solution of the present invention; therefore; every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention; any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, all belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field, its spyLevy and be, two plate faces of described bipolar plates are equipped with reaction gas inlet, reaction gasOutlet and gas flowfield, wherein gas flowfield structure is circular interdigitated flow field, anti-Ying Qi import department and Liang Chu flow field, reaction gas exit are tree, in flow fieldEach runner be equal proportion tapered configuration; Width and the degree of depth of described runner areEqual proportion convergent.
2. dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, its featureBe, be provided with air inlet trunk runner, gas outlet trunk runner, multiple air inlets divideBranch flow passage and multiple branch's runner of giving vent to anger, reaction gas inlet and air inlet trunk runnerBe connected, reaction gas outlet is connected with gas outlet trunk runner, air inlet trunk runnerBe connected with air inlet branch runner, gas outlet trunk runner and gas outlet branch runnerBe connected.
3. dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 2, its featureBe, branch's runner throat width equals the wide of itself and sprue junction sprueDegree.
4. dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 2, its featureBe, the width of trunk runner is directly proportional to the number of branch's runner.
5. dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 2, its featureBe, the convergent runner in flow field distributes in proportion, the degree of depth of branch's runner and lengthConvergent ratio consistent.
6. dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, its featureBe, place, runner bosom face is same plane.
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| CN201410229727.7A CN104037426B (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field |
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| CN201410229727.7A CN104037426B (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a kind of tree-shaped tapered configuration flow field |
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| CN104037426B true CN104037426B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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| CN106816610B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-05-07 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on labyrinth baffle arrangement flow field |
| CN106876762A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of flow battery bipolar plates that interdigital runner is deepened containing broadening |
| CN107543942B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2024-04-12 | 浙江科技学院（浙江中德科技促进中心） | Test fixture and test method for membrane electrode |
| CN109301282A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-01 | 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 | A kind of interdigitated flow field fuel battery double plates of Active Drainage vein shape |
| CN109742420A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery double plates of tree-shaped flow field structure |
| CN109830704B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-12-25 | 广东电科院能源技术有限责任公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell bipolar plate based on tree-shaped flow channel structure |
| CN109980241B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2023-08-08 | 肇庆学院 | Bipolar plate with Taiji pattern flow field structure in liquid fuel cell and design method |
| CN110299544A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-01 | 山东建筑大学 | Fuel cell variable section runner and bipolar plates with the runner |
| CN110429297A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-08 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of new fuel cell circle bipolar plates |
| CN111554950B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Bipolar plate, fuel cell unit, fuel cell and manufacturing method thereof |
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