CN104036866A - Phase-change temperature-control type high-voltage cable - Google Patents
Phase-change temperature-control type high-voltage cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase-change temperature-control type high-voltage cable, and relates to the technical field of cables. The cable comprises an inner cable core and an outer cable layer, the inner cable core sequentially comprises a cable core body, an insulating layer and a shielding layer from inside to outside, the outer cable layer sequentially comprises a wrapping layer, an inner protective layer, an armor layer and an outer protective layer from inside to outside, a filling layer is disposed between the inner cable core and the outer cable layer, and the filling layer is made of a composite phase-change material. The cable saves energy, is environmentally friendly, achieves automatic temperature control, improves heat dissipation through the phase-change material, improves current-carrying performance, the overload capacity and heat stability, and prolongs service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-tension cable technical field.
Background technology
The transmission capacity of high-tension cable depends on the temperature rise of outer insulating material in cable under thermal equilibrium state.For the cable of conventional structure, the heat that conductor produces, via interior outer shielding layer, insulating barrier, packed layer, inner sheath, steel-tape armouring layer, PVC sheath, is finally dispersed in air or in soil.The packing material that high-tension cable adopts at present has glass fibre, polyester fiber, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene compound, cotton yarn, polypropylene (PP) rope etc.Its Main Function is to keep cable Yuan Zheng ﹐ to reduce this ﹐ of sizing material Yong Liang ﹐ Jiang Di Cheng to increase cable intensity.Higher and the skewness of the thermal resistance of above-mentioned packing material, affects the efficiency of heat transmission to a certain extent, is unfavorable for the heat radiation of cable conductor and cooling.When serious, can cause that cable local temperature rise is too high, even cause thermal breakdown.
Phase-change material (PCM-Phase Change Material) is the special functional material of a class, refers to the material that changes physical property along with variations in temperature and latent heat can be provided.The process that changes physical property is called phase transition process, it can undergo phase transition (most is solid-liquid phase change or gas-liquid phase transition) in isothermal or nearly quasi-isothermal situation, be attended by compared with macro-energy (being commonly referred to as latent heat of phase change) simultaneously and absorb or discharge, this feature is reason and the basis that such material has extensive use.The classification phase-change material of phase-change material mainly comprises inorganic PCM, organic PCM and compound PCM tri-classes, organic composite phase-change material has overcome traditional phase-change material many problems in use, the performance with many excellences: (1) stored heat energy is large, temperature adjustable.(2) can process by straight forming, to container is less demanding, even without container splendid attire, directly as framework material, use, greatly reduced production cost.(3) in material phase transformation process, change in volume is less, and dimensionally stable is a kind of environmental friendliness shaped material.(4) stable performance, without surfusion and phenomenon of phase separation, long service life.Therefore organic composite phase-change material is subject to researcher's attention day by day, is regarded as one of the most rising phase-change material.
Organic composite phase-change material is used widely in a plurality of fields such as comprising solar energy, industrial afterheat recovery, construction material, air conditioner cold accumulation, electronic device, battery heat radiation, cosmetics, temperature-regulating fiber.The research of phase-change material is just becoming worldwide study hotspot, there are various different performances (as different phase transition temperatures, different phase transformation enthalpy, different shapes, different stability etc.) PCM is developed rapidly, and is constantly the new field of application extension of these materials.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable, and this cable can be lowered the temperature automatically, by phase-change material, improves high-tension cable heat radiation situation, improves cable current-carrying, overload capacity and thermal stability, extends cable useful life.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable, comprise cable inner core and cable outer layer, and between described cable inner core and cable outer layer, be packed layer, described packed layer comprises composite phase-change material.
Further, described composite phase-change material is organic composite phase-change material.
Further, described organic composite phase-change material is paraffinic base enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change energy storage material.
Further, described packed layer is all composite phase-change material.
Further, described high-tension cable is high-voltage cross-linking polythene cable.
Further, described composite phase-change material is circle rope form, or contains the cube of cell voids; The composite phase-change material of the described cubical centre containing cell voids for filling, the surrounding enhanced thermal conduction material skeleton that square right prism forms of serving as reasons.
Further, described enhanced thermal conduction material skeleton is expanded graphite meterial.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is: this cable is applied to enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change material the cooling of power cable innovatively, material by innovation cable filling layer is realized the strong heat conduction self-cooling function of three-core cable, thereby improves the thermal stability of power cable;
This cable is based on organic composite phase-change material, and the packing material of high-voltage cross-linking polythene cable is optimized, and proposes a kind of strong heat conduction from cooling packing material.When increasing heat conductivility, reducing packed layer thermal resistance, utilize the advantage that Phase cooling thermal capacity is large, can effectively reduce the transient state temperature rise of high-tension cable.Thereby the thermal breakdown that prevents high-tension cable from circulating for a long time local overheating causes, effectively extends high-tension cable useful life.Moreover, adopt enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change material, can also significantly promote the heat conduction efficiency of packed layer, in conjunction with Phase cooling technology, can effectively reduce the stable state temperature rise of three-core cable, reach the overload capacity that significantly promotes current-carrying capacity of cable and cable;
This cable energy-saving environmental protection, can utilize phase transformation auto-control temperature, can meet the needs of cable under varying environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the microstructure schematic diagram of composite phase-change packing material;
In figure: 1, outer jacket; 2, armour; 3, sheath; 4, core; 5, screen; 6, insulating barrier; 7, packed layer; 8, lapping layer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The present invention is based on organic composite phase-change material, and the packing material of high-voltage cross-linking polythene cable is optimized, and proposes a kind of strong heat conduction from cooling packing material.When increasing heat conductivility, reducing packed layer thermal resistance, utilize the advantage that Phase cooling thermal capacity is large, can effectively reduce the transient state temperature rise of high-tension cable.Thereby the thermal breakdown that prevents high-tension cable from circulating for a long time local overheating causes, effectively extends high-tension cable useful life.Moreover, adopt enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change material, can also significantly promote the heat conduction efficiency of packed layer, in conjunction with Phase cooling technology, can effectively reduce the stable state temperature rise of three-core cable, reach the target that significantly promotes current-carrying capacity of cable.
The present invention includes cable inner core and cable outer layer, described cable inner core is followed successively by core 4, insulating barrier 6, screen 5 from inside to outside, described cable outer layer is followed successively by lapping layer 8, sheath 3, armour 2 and outer jacket 1 from inside to outside, between described cable inner core and cable outer layer, it is packed layer 7, described packed layer 7 is composite phase-change material, and described composite phase-change material is paraffinic base enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change energy storage material; Described composite phase-change material is preferably composite setting phase-change material.
Phase-change material has the ability that changes its physical state in certain temperature range.Take solid-liquid phase change as example, when being heated to fusion temperature, just produce the phase transformation from solid-state to liquid, in the process of fusing, phase-change material absorbs and stores a large amount of latent heat; When phase-change material is cooling, the heat of storage goes will be dispersed into environment in certain temperature range in, carries out from liquid state to solid-state reverse transformation.In these two kinds of phase transition process, energy stored or that discharge is called latent heat of phase change.When physical state changes, the temperature of material self almost remains unchanged before phase transformation completes, and forms a wide temperature platform, although temperature-resistant, the latent heat that absorbs or discharge is quite large.
The classification phase-change material of phase-change material mainly comprises inorganic PCM, organic PCM and compound PCM tri-classes.Wherein, mineral-type PCM mainly contains crystalline hydrate salt, molten salts, metal or alloy class etc.; Organic PCM mainly comprises paraffin, acetic acid and other organic substances; Arising at the historic moment of composite phase-change heat-storage material, it can effectively overcome the shortcoming of single inorganic matter or the existence of organic substance phase-change heat-storage material, can improve again the effect of phase-change material and expand its range of application.Therefore, development composite phase-change heat-storage material has become the hot research problem in heat accumulating field.Paraffin class organic substance is used as phase-changing energy storage material and has the advantages such as enthalpy of phase change is high, phase transition temperature scope is wide, price is low, but its lower conductive coefficient has limited the lifting of suction/exergic efficiency.Adding the synthetic composite phase-change material of high conduction material, is very promising research direction in order to strengthen paraffin class organic phase change material heat-transfer capability.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is:
(1) promote current-carrying capacity of cable
XLPE is that the permission ampacity of twisted polyethylene cable is that the factors such as maximum permissible temperature, the environment around cable and cable heat conduction around that have conductor wire core determine.In cable conductor running, can produce heat and distribute towards periphery, the heat conductivility of cable body not only affects it and allows ampacity, and the thermal endurance of insulating material and aging are also worked.The temperature of insulating material can be aging gradually while raising, and loses intrinsic insulation level and mechanical strength.Strong heat conduction adopts the enhanced thermal conduction shaped material of high thermal conductivity coefficient from cooling packing material, can promote at double the heat conductivility of packing material, simultaneously in conjunction with decalescence, the stable state temperature rise of high-tension cable in the time of can effectively reducing normal operation, thus improve the ampacity of cable system;
(2) improve cable overload capacity
High-voltage cross-linked polyethylene sheathed has many obvious advantages compared to other cables such as paper oil insulations, thereby occupy dominant position in distribution network systems.Yet with regard to overload capacity, twisted polyethylene cable is but slightly inferior.As shown in table 1 below:
As can be seen from the above table, although the temperature resistant grade of conventional XLPE cable increases, cross-sectional area of conductor is long-pending can correspondingly be reduced, with regard to the identical two kinds of cables of ampacity, even the overload capacity of conventional XLPE cable has much room for improvement.Twisted polyethylene cable based on composite phase-change packing material, utilizes latent heat of phase change and high thermal conductivity can effectively suppress transient state temperature rise, thereby promotes the short-time overload capacity of cable;
(3) extend cable life
The useful life of cable insulation, (unit is year) and the relation of long-time running temperature can be represented by the formula,
T in formula---insulation operating temperature (℃), be no more than 130 ℃
In the time of t=98 ℃, useful life A=20
In the time of t=104 ℃, useful life A=10
In the time of t=92 ℃, useful life A=40
Be 6 ℃ of the every rising of temperature or reductions, insulated aging life-span reduces half or doubles.This rule is called " 6 degree rule ".Adopt composite phase-change packing material, because of its superpower heat-transfer capability, can make cable operating temperature well below the operating temperature of current cable, and this material temperature controllable excursion is less than 1 ℃, thereby, cable useful life effectively extended.
To structure of the present invention and selection, be described in detail as follows:
1, the present invention is applied to composite phase-change material the packed layer of high-voltage cross-linking polythene cable
Utilize composite phase-change material absorb and release energy, thereby significantly strengthen the heat-sinking capability of XLPE cable, and then effectively improve long-time running ampacity and the short-time overload capacity of cable.Meanwhile, effectively delay insulating material heat ageing, prevent local overheating, extend the useful life of cable.
2, composite phase-change material of the present invention is selected
This packing material adopts paraffinic base enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change energy storage material, compares with conventional phase-changing energy storage material, and its conductive coefficient can improve more than 6 times, and phase transition temperature is adjustable at-150～150 ° of C, more than energy storage density can reach 100～1000J/g.
Phase-change material adopts paraffin wax, and backing material is polyethylene, and enhanced thermal conduction material is expanded graphite.The composition of this phase-change material and main thermal physical property parameter are as shown in table 2;
3, structural design of the present invention
The structural design of conventional packing material plays vital effect to cable roundness, conventionally adopts two kinds of gasket for packing and packings.Gasket for packing is soft, can the random combination collocation of different size meets the needs of different void shape and area, easy to use, therefore be widely used.Its major defect is loosely organized, and pressurized is yielding, exists to be crushed to cause the not problem of rounding of cable core in application.Packing is harder, and resistance to compression distortion better, has regular shape and size.Its major defect is that the flexibility of cable is decreased.Composite phase-change material, as cable filling medium, can meet the requirement of cable roundness completely, and can, according to different application situation, be made into gasket for packing or packing.
4, effect of the present invention
The strong heat conduction of high-tension cable based on composite phase-change packing material is from the effect of cooling means
1) it to belong to absorption-type passive cooling, be very different with conventional heat radiating type.It does not singly rely on temperature difference heat radiation, and the impact that therefore not changed by ambient temperature, makes cable machinery all-the-time stable in the temperature of needs.Thereby effectively reduce the destruction of impulse current to insulation, improve the thermal shock resistance of equipment;
2) with active cooling comparison, its not electricity consumption, does not have moving component, without power set, can be used for working under the severe mechanical condition such as vibration, impact, acceleration, and reliability is very high;
3), compared to water-cooled and air-cooled heat radiation, can to the conductor of cable machinery, carry out easily coolingly under certain condition, without water-cooled or air-cooled, water-saving and electricity-saving, has larger economic worth;
4) its (as-40 ℃) work under cryogenic conditions, it goes back heat energy storage, effectively prevents that the excessively cold construction of cable causing of external environment from damaging, and improves the resistance to low temperature of cable machinery;
5) its energy periodic duty, is used for a long time;
6), under low equilibrium temperature condition, it can dwindle 2.6 times of left and right than heat sink method radiator volume; Weight can alleviate 4.5 times of left and right;
7) technique is more complicated.
5, accompanying drawing and brief description of drawings
As shown in Figure 1, be the typical structure of the high-voltage cross-linking polythene cable based on composite phase-change packing material, the three core XLPE cable of model YJV22-8.7/10kV-3*300 of take are example, its structural parameters are as following table 3:
As shown in Table 3, adopt the packed layer of composite phase-change material, its conductive coefficient is the more than 6 times of common material, thereby can realize the quick conduction of heat, reaches the self cooled object of operation cable in conjunction with decalescence simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is composite phase-change packing material and microstructure schematic diagram thereof.The structure of expanded graphite and heat-transfer mechanism are very complicated, and the available heat conductance of filling the fixed phase change after phase-change material is more difficult to calculate, and current research theory adopts three-dimensional framework formula phase distributed model mostly.In Fig. 2, composite phase-change material can be considered the cube containing cell voids, the phase-change material for filling in the middle of square, the surrounding enhanced thermal conduction material skeleton that square right prism forms of serving as reasons.This enhanced thermal conduction material selection prior art, can think expanded graphite, nano-graphite or foam metal material etc.
Described composite phase-change material can adopt prior art, and phase transition temperature is as requested selected corresponding composite phase-change material.
Claims (7)
1. a phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable, comprises cable inner core and cable outer layer, it is characterized in that: between described cable inner core and cable outer layer, be packed layer (7), described packed layer comprises composite phase-change material.
2. phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described composite phase-change material is organic composite phase-change material.
3. phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described organic composite phase-change material is paraffinic base enhanced thermal conduction type composite phase-change energy storage material.
4. phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described packed layer is all composite phase-change material.
5. phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described high-tension cable is high-voltage cross-linking polythene cable.
6. according to the phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described composite phase-change material is circle rope form, or contain the cube of cell voids; The composite phase-change material of the described cubical centre containing cell voids for filling, the surrounding enhanced thermal conduction material skeleton that square right prism forms of serving as reasons.
7. phase-change temperature control formula high-tension cable according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described enhanced thermal conduction material skeleton is expanded graphite meterial.
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| CN104464911A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南华菱线缆股份有限公司 | Low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant fireproof medium-voltage flexible cable |
| CN105185445A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2015-12-23 | 中天科技装备电缆有限公司 | Multi-core wind energy control cable resistant to low temperature and torsion and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106251970A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 合肥得润电子器件有限公司 | A kind of cable with radiator structure |
| CN106531335A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-03-22 | 福建瑞达精工股份有限公司 | Power transmission cable with anti-icing function and preparation method of power transmission cable |
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| WO2020187841A1 (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Cable for conducting an electric current, comprising a phase-change material |
| CN112133486A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-25 | 万金山 | Double-phase type self-flowing temperature-changing control cable |
| CN114622814A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-14 | 艮玖(北京)门业有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring fireproof door |
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| CN104464911A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南华菱线缆股份有限公司 | Low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant fireproof medium-voltage flexible cable |
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| CN112133486A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-25 | 万金山 | Double-phase type self-flowing temperature-changing control cable |
| CN114622814A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-14 | 艮玖(北京)门业有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring fireproof door |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |