CN104036307B - A kind of landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system - Google Patents

A kind of landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system Download PDF

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CN104036307B
CN104036307B CN201410273329.5A CN201410273329A CN104036307B CN 104036307 B CN104036307 B CN 104036307B CN 201410273329 A CN201410273329 A CN 201410273329A CN 104036307 B CN104036307 B CN 104036307B
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landscape
index
target scale
scale recognition
storehouse
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CN104036307A (en
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万峻
张远
贾晓波
马淑芹
刘思思
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

The present invention is a kind of landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system, and it includes a sample collecting device, group's structural calculation module, a view sensoring, landscape pattern's computing module and a target scale recognition module；Described sample collecting device gathers the macrobenthos sample of points for investigation；The structure of community index of described points for investigation is added up and calculated to described structure of community computing module；Described view sensoring carries out remote sensing to the view of described points for investigation；Described landscape pattern computing module determines landscape types, calculates landscape indices；Described target scale recognition module carries out correlation analysis to structure of community index and landscape indices, determines landscape pattern's yardstick.So; solve river corridor landscape pattern and Community Structure of Macrobenthos affected target scale recognition problem; have quick and precisely, advantage simple to operate, provide technical support for quickly delimiting with the protection aquatile river corridor Landscape optimization scope as target.

Description

A kind of landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system.
Background technology
Macrobenthos is the important instruction biology of reflection river pollution degree and river course habitat quality, its structure of community The change of index reflects river pollution and habitat destruction, and river pollution and habitat destruction are finally owing to mankind's activity causes Land-Use and landscape pattern is unreasonable causes.There are some researches show, landscape pattern's impact on river zoobenthos Being concentrated mainly in river corridor yardstick, but affect the most notable actually in many width and river corridor how long, it is fixed to there is no at present Opinion, does not has optimal recognition methods yet.Accordingly, it is determined that landscape pattern affects the scope of benthic fauna structure, to delimit with River aquatile protection is that the land ecology red line of target is significant.
River corridor landscape pattern Influencing Mechanism hydrobiological to river is extremely complex, the method using modeling, Needing substantial amounts of field experimentation to carry out the determination of parameter, process is extremely complex, and some instrument picking rates of collecting sample are not Enough quick, accurately.
In view of drawbacks described above, creator of the present invention, through research for a long time and test, on the basis of existing technology, draws Enter sampling spade and other instruments of collecting sample, be finally obtained the present invention.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, it is provided that a kind of based on benthic fauna structural response Landscape pattern's target scale recognition system.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of based on benthic fauna structure Landscape pattern's target scale recognition system of response, it includes a sample collecting device, group's structural calculation module, a view remote sensing Device, landscape pattern's computing module and a target scale recognition module；Dwell in the large-scale end of described sample collecting device collection points for investigation Animal specimen；Described structure of community computing module is added up described sample and calculates the structure of community index of described points for investigation；Described View sensoring carries out remote sensing to the view of described points for investigation；Described landscape pattern computing module is according to the result of described remote sensing Determine landscape types, and in 6 river corridor, calculate landscape indices respectively；Described target scale recognition module is to described investigation Calculating structure of community index and the landscape indices of point carry out correlation analysis, determine landscape pattern's yardstick；Described sample is adopted Packaging is set to a sampling spade, and it includes a sampling storehouse, a lever and volume rope device；After the rear portion in described sampling storehouse is for sampling storehouse Wall, the inner side of described sampling storehouse rear wall is dispersed with several pressure transducers and a control transmitter, and described pressure transducer is surveyed Measuring the pressure that described sampling storehouse rear wall bears, the pressure data that described pressure transducer is measured is converted to by described control transmitter Data signal transmission is gone out；Described volume rope device is positioned at described lever rear portion, and it includes that a signal receiver and calculates device, institute Stating signal receiver receive described data signal and be transferred to described calculating device, described pressure data is entered by described calculating device Row calculates, and computing formula is:
Z=Z1+|Z1|+Z2+|Z2|
Wherein, Z1、Z2Computing formula be:
Z 1 = Σ i = 1 n ( α ln F i N 6 + β )
Z 1 = Σ i = 1 n ( α ln F i N 6 + β | α ln F i N 6 + β | )
In above formula, Z represents reduced value, Z1Represent pressure comparison value, Z2Representing number reduced value, n represents pressure transducer Sum, i represents that the sequence number of pressure transducer, α represent that correction factor, β represent correction value, FiRepresent i-th pressure transducer Pressure, N6Represent the pressure transducer normal pressure when depth of water 6m.
It is also preferred that the left described structure of community index include species number, EPT familialtaxonomy unit number, EPT species percentage ratio, ASPT index, Berger Parker index and Shannon-prestige Nasdaq index number.
It is also preferred that the left described landscape indices includes patch density, maximum plaque index, landscape shape index, fractional dimension Index, concentration class index, separating degree index, degree of communication index, speckle richness density, Shannon diversity index.
It is also preferred that the left described 6 river corridor are line centered by the section in described points for investigation upstream 10km respectively, generate The relief area, 6 sections of left and right wide 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m.
It is also preferred that the left described landscape pattern computing module is a Fragstats software.
It is also preferred that the left described view sensoring is an aerophotography remote-sensing balloon.It is also preferred that the left described sampling spade also includes one Sampling Cang Gai, a storehouse cover hinge, a control cord and the connection end of a control cord；Described Cang Gai is positioned at the front end in described sampling storehouse； Described storehouse cover hinge connects described Cang Gai and described sampling storehouse, and convenient unlatching closes；The connection end of described control cord is a projection It is arranged at described Cang Gai nearly connecting sewing part, is used for fixing described control cord；Described control cord is fixed in described control cord one end Connection end, the inside of described lever pass, be connected with described volume rope device in the bottom of described lever.
It is also preferred that the left described sampling spade also to include that a storehouse lid closing spring, lid closing spring one end, described storehouse are fixed on described Cang Gai remote connecting sewing part, one end is fixed on bottom, described sampling storehouse, is closed by described Cang Gai under the effect of elastic force.
It is also preferred that the left described volume rope device also includes a motor, a central controller and a power supply, described central controller receives The result of described calculating device also judges, controls described motor and rotates；Described motor is connected with described control cord, logical Crossing rotation makes described control cord move；Described power supply provides electric energy for described volume rope device.
It is also preferred that the left described sampling spade also includes a lever angle adjustable bolt, described lever angle adjustable bolt connects institute State sampling storehouse and described lever, loosening then described sampling storehouse and the angle of described lever can be regulated, tighten, lock described in adopt Sample storehouse and the angle of described lever.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is compared with the prior art: provide a kind of based on benthic fauna structural response Landscape pattern's target scale recognition system, solve the river corridor territory landscape pattern shadow to river Community Structure of Macrobenthos Ring target scale recognition problem, have quick and precisely, advantage simple to operate, for quickly delimiting to protect the aquatile river as target Stream Corridor landscape optimization range provides technical support；New computing formula, by the method taken the logarithm by the pressure of pressure transducer The size issue of power and normal pressure is converted into the problem of positive and negative values, simplifies calculating process, decreases amount of calculation, has saved and is System resource, shortens the response time so that sampling Cang Gai can be with automatic shutter and more quick, convenient；Sampling spade can be more Effective the control quantity of collecting sample, position etc., need not descend water as gathered depths sample, can realize light accurate acquisition； And the Guan Bi that automatically turns on of sampling spade Cang Gai makes whole gatherer process enhanced convenience, quick, more intelligent, solve Sample collector does not knows the problem of sub-marine situations, can more effectively control the quantity of collecting sample, position.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of present invention landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system；
Fig. 2 is the structure of present invention landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition systematic sampling shovel Figure；
Fig. 3 is present invention landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition systematic sampling shovel sampling storehouse Structure chart inside rear wall；
Fig. 4 is present invention landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition systematic sampling shovel volume rope device Structure chart；
Fig. 5 is the stream of present invention landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system target scale recognition Cheng Tu.
Detailed description of the invention
Description of reference numerals
Sample collecting device 1, structure of community computing module 2, view sensoring 3, landscape pattern's computing module 4, yardstick Identification module 5, sampling storehouse 11, sampling storehouse rear wall 111, pressure transducer 1112, control transmitter 1113, storehouse lid 12, lever 13, Storehouse lid closing spring 14, storehouse cover hinge 15, control cord connect end 16, control cord 17, lever angle adjustable bolt 18, volume rope device 19, signal receiver 191, calculating device 192, motor 193, central controller 194, power supply 195.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to the present invention, above-mentioned and other technical characteristic and advantage are described in more detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, its landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system that is the present invention Structure chart, wherein, landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system includes a sample collecting device 1, group's structural calculation module 2, view sensoring 3, landscape pattern's computing module 4 and a target scale recognition module 5.
Sample collecting device 1 gathers the macrobenthos sample of points for investigation；Structure of community computing module 2 statistics gatherer Macrobenthos sample also calculates structure of community index；View sensoring 3 carries out remote sensing to the view of points for investigation；View lattice Office's computing module 4 determines landscape types according to remote sensing data, and calculates landscape indices；Target scale recognition module 5 is to calculating group The structure index that falls and landscape indices carry out correlation analysis, determine landscape pattern's yardstick.
Sample collecting device 1 is a sampling spade.
As in figure 2 it is shown, it is the present invention, landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system is adopted The structure chart of sample shovel, wherein sampling spade includes: sampling storehouse and lever, lever angle adjustable bolt, also includes closing device: storehouse Lid, storehouse cover hinge, storehouse lid closing spring, control cord, volume rope device.
Sampling storehouse 11 is the steel casing of an opening, and bottom surface relatively end face is long, and convenient shovel sampling is originally.Sampling Storehouse 11 is connected with lever 13 by lever angle adjustable bolt 18, can be regulated suitably by loosening lever angle adjustable bolt 18 Angle, tightens, and locks angle.
Sampling storehouse 11 and storehouse lid 12 storehouse cover hinge 15 Guan Bi of opening easy to connect, and connected by storehouse lid closing spring 14 Convenient storehouse lid in its natural state can be automatically switched off.The nearly connecting sewing part of described storehouse lid 12 arranges protruding for fixing control cord 17, as the connection end 16 of control cord.The connection end 16 of storehouse cap surface is fixed in control cord 17 one end, and the other end is volume rope device 19, control cord 17 is passed by the inside of lever 13, is connected with volume rope device 19 in bottom, conveniently tears.
As it is shown on figure 3, it is the present invention, landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system is adopted Structure chart inside the rear wall of sample shovel sampling storehouse；Wherein, the rear portion in sampling storehouse 11 is sampling storehouse rear wall 111, sampling storehouse rear wall 111 Inner side is dispersed with several pressure transducer 1112 and control transmitter 1113, and pressure transducer 1112 can measure sampling storehouse The pressure that rear wall 111 bears, control transmitter 1113 provides electric energy for pressure transducer 1112 and is surveyed by pressure transducer 1112 The data gone out are converted to data signal transmission and go out.
As shown in Figure 4, it is that present invention landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system is adopted The structure chart of sample shovel volume rope device；Wherein, lever 13 rear portion has volume rope device 19, volume rope device 19 to include a signal receiver 191, Calculate device 192, motor 193, central controller 194 and a power supply 195；Signal receiver 191 receives control transmitter 1113 data signals launched, and be transferred to calculate device 192；Calculate device 192 pressure data is calculated, and will calculate Result is transferred to central controller 194；Result is judged by central controller 194, and controls motor 193 and rotate；Electricity Machine 193 is connected with control cord 17, makes control cord 17 move by rotation；Power supply 195 provides electric energy for volume rope device 19.
Gathering and shovel when naturalness, vacant in its sampling storehouse 11, the pressure on pressure transducer 1112 is 0, calculates dress Putting 192 pairs of pressure datas to calculate, and result of calculation is transferred to central controller 194, result is entered by central controller 194 Row judges, controls motor 193 and rotates forward, tightens up control cord 17, and control cord 17 passes through traction control Suo Lian after being tightened Connecing end 16 and mention sampling storehouse lid 12, sampling storehouse lid 12 now will can carry out sample with sampling storehouse cover hinge 15 for axle Unscrew This collection.
During collection, collection shovel is put into pickup area backward before push away, enter the bed mud in sampling storehouse 11 and the extruding pressure such as water Force transducer 1112, pressure transducer 1112 pressure changes, and calculates device 192 and calculates pressure data, and Result of calculation is transferred to central controller 194, and result is judged by central controller 194, if need not closing lid, then controls Motor 193 does not carry out action, if desired closing lid, then control motor 193 and rotate backward, loosen control cord 17, control cord 17 Control cord connecting after being relaxed end 16 and loses pull strength, sampling storehouse lid 12 is reversely led by sampling storehouse lid closing spring 14 Drawing, sampling storehouse lid 12 will be rotating closed for axle with sampling storehouse cover hinge 15, and sample to be gathered is gathered in sampling storehouse 11, Collection shovel can be extracted out.
Being disposed vertically by collection shovel, sampling storehouse 11 is in lower end, under gravity, and pressure transducer 1112 pressure Being 0, open collection Cang Gai according to said process, sample falls.
The computing formula that pressure data is calculated by calculating device 192 is:
Z=Z1+|Z1|+Z2+|Z2| (1)
Wherein, Z1、Z2Computing formula be:
Z 1 = Σ i = 1 n ( α ln F i N 6 + β ) - - - ( 2 )
Z 1 = Σ i = 1 n ( α ln F i N 6 + β | α ln F i N 6 + β | ) - - - ( 3 )
In above formula, Z represents reduced value, Z1Represent pressure comparison value, Z2Representing number reduced value, n represents pressure transducer Sum, i represents that the sequence number of pressure transducer, α represent that correction factor, β represent correction value, FiRepresent i-th pressure transducer Pressure, N6Represent the pressure transducer normal pressure when depth of water 6m.
Its basic ideas are, the size issue of the pressure of pressure transducer with normal pressure are converted by the method taken the logarithm For the problem of positive and negative values, then in statistics positive and negative values all values and and poor on the occasion of the quantity with negative value, finally by "or" fortune Calculate and be converted into the calculating of numerical value, only " in positive and negative values all values and just be " and " on the occasion of quantity be more than negative value " two conditions Be false simultaneously, required reduced value and be just 0.
Above-mentioned computational methods, convert the size issue of the pressure of pressure transducer with normal pressure by the method taken the logarithm For the problem of positive and negative values, simplify calculating process, decrease amount of calculation, saved system resource, shorten the response time so that Sampling Cang Gai can be with automatic shutter and more quick, convenient.
If result of calculation Z value is 0, then it represents that now in sampling storehouse, pressure is not up to standard, needs motor to rotate forward, beats Exploitation sample Cang Gai；If result of calculation Z value is more than 0, in the most now representing sampling storehouse, pressure reaches standard, needs motor reversely to turn Dynamic, Guan Bi sampling Cang Gai.
The Cang Gai of sampling spade opens Guan Bi can more effectively control the quantity of collecting sample, position etc., as deep in gathered Place's sample need not descend water, can realize light accurate acquisition.
The Guan Bi that automatically turns on of Cang Gai makes whole gatherer process enhanced convenience, quick, more intelligent, solves Sample collector does not knows the problem of sub-marine situations, can more effectively control the quantity of collecting sample, position.
Structure of community computing module 2 calculates structure of community index, including species number, EPT familialtaxonomy unit number, EPT thing Plant percentage ratio, ASPT index, Berger Parker index, Shannon-prestige Nasdaq index number etc..
The sample that structure of community computing module 2 statistical sample harvester 1 gathers, to the quantity of sample mesobenthos and Classification is added up, and calculates species number, EPT familialtaxonomy unit number, EPT species percentage ratio, ASPT index, Berger The structure of community indexes such as Parker index and Shannon-prestige Nasdaq index number.
View sensoring 3 carries out remote sensing to the view of points for investigation, and view sensoring can be remote sensing satellite, it is also possible to Be aerophotography remote-sensing balloon etc. other equipped with the aircraft of remote sensor.
Landscape pattern's computing module 4 determines landscape types according to remote sensing data, and calculates landscape indices, including speckle Density (PD), maximum plaque index (LPI), landscape shape index (LSI), fractional dimension index (FRAC), concentration class index (AI), Separating degree index (SPLIT), degree of communication index (COHESION), speckle richness density (PRD), Shannon diversity index (SHDI) etc..
Line centered by section in the 10km of points for investigation upstream respectively, wide 50m about generation, 100m, 200m, 300m, The relief area, 6 sections of 400m and 500m is as river corridor；Landscape indices is calculated respectively in 6 river corridor.
The data that landscape pattern's computing module 4 needs, also include the on-site inspection to the landscape types near points for investigation, with Auxiliary remote sensing image, carries out Land_use change explanation.
Landscape pattern's computing module 4 can be a Fragstats software, it is also possible to be that other calculate landscape indices Instrument.
Target scale recognition module 5 carries out correlation analysis to calculating structure of community index and landscape indices, determines view lattice Office's yardstick.
As it is shown in figure 5, its landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system chi that is the present invention The flow chart that degree identifies, wherein, the flow process of target scale recognition is,
Step a, the respectively landscape indices corresponding to river corridor of 6 width of statistics and structure of community index.
The corresponding different landscape indices of the river corridor of different in width, corresponding identical structure of community index, statistics Time with width as distinguishing characteristic, all data are divided into six parts, the most corresponding 6 width.
Step b, carries out correlation analysis respectively in the river corridor of 6 width.
Correlation analysis is that the linear dependence to two variablees is analyzed, and obtains correlation coefficient, correlation coefficient r table Showing, what r described is the relevant strong and weak degree of two variable linearly, and the absolute value of r shows that the most greatly dependency is the strongest.
For in each width, all comprise m structure of community index and n landscape indices, structure of community index with Landscape indices one_to_one corresponding, carries out m × n correlation analysis.
Step c, compares the river corridor Study of Platycladus orientalis-Robinia pseudoacacia pattern index of different in width and the phase of benthic fauna structure index Close coefficient, determine river corridor width significant to benthic fauna structure influence.
6 correlation coefficienies for structure of community index identical in 6 width with landscape indices contrast, if 6 correlation coefficienies are not significant correlation, then this structure of community index does not has corresponding impact significant with landscape indices River corridor width, if at least one is significant correlation coefficient in 6 correlation coefficienies, then takes phase maximum in significant correlation coefficient Close coefficient, the river corridor width of its correspondence be this structure of community index corresponding with landscape indices to benthic fauna Structure influence significant river corridor width.
Travel through m × n corresponding structure of community index and the correlation analysis of landscape indices, determine that each structure of community refers to The river corridor width significant to benthic fauna structure influence that number is corresponding with landscape indices.
Step d, on the basis of significant river corridor width, sets 6 section length with points for investigation position as starting point, Section as to be identified: 2km, 3km, 5km, 10km, 20km, sampled point are to source.
On the basis of width identification, analysis structure of community exponent pair benthic fauna structure index affects significance and exists Maximum under which kind of section length.For ensureing data volume, need again to select some points for investigation positions, for section length identification.Described Sampled point, to source, represents that the sampled point whole section to headwater is as section to be identified.
Step e, recalculates landscape indices in 6 sections.
Points for investigation position is selected again, then the landscape indices in 6 sections is also required to recalculate, and calculates process In need to use view sensoring 3 and landscape pattern's computing module 4.
Step f, uses linear regression analysis and sets up the matching of benthic fauna structure index and landscape indices Curve, what fitting degree was the highest is the most significant river corridor length.
Linear regression analysis in the present invention, is to benthic fauna structure index and landscape indices one to one Carrying out quantitative analysis, draw the matched curve that can state its mutual relation, the fitting degree of matched curve is come really by correlation coefficient r Fixed, the absolute value of r is the biggest, and the fitting degree of curve is the highest.
Determine river corridor width significant to benthic fauna structure influence and length, also determined that and has been dwelt in the end Animal Community Structure affects significant river corridor yardstick.
This landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system, solves river corridor territory scape See general layout and river Community Structure of Macrobenthos affected target scale recognition problem, have quick and precisely, simple to operate excellent Point, provides technical support for quickly delimiting with the protection aquatile river corridor Landscape optimization scope as target.
Embodiment:
1, river corridor width identification
Choose 45 sampled points in Taizihe River basin, 45 sampled points lay respectively at 10 tributaries: crown prince props up in Hebei 5, Crown prince props up in Henan 5,3, the little Tanghe River, 7, thin river, blue 4, river, Tanghe River Er Daohe 4, and 3, river, Shahe 5, north are assigned in the Tanghe River Individual, 3, river, Nansha, 6, river, Haicheng City.Macrobenthos investigation has been carried out in October, 2009 and in June, 2010.Respectively to adopt Line centered by section in the 10km of sampling point upstream, about generation, the section of wide 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m is delayed Rush district, as the alternative gallery of significance identification.Land_use change interpretation uses the SPOT5 satellite remote-sensing image in August, 2009, point Resolution reaches 2.5m.Land use pattern is divided into paddy field, nonirrigated farmland, industrial and mineral construction land, settlement place, forest land, meadow, rivers and canals, Hu Ku Swag, fluvial bog and unused land 10 kinds.
Add up respectively and calculate 7 structure of community index SP of 45 sampled points, %E-sp, %T-sp, EPT-fa, ASPT, BP and H '.Respectively calculate 9 landscape indices: PD of different in width river corridor, LPI, LSI, FRAC, AI, SPLIT, COHESION, PRD and SHDI.
By SPSS18.0 software, to 9 landscape indices and 7 benthic faunas in different in width river corridor The carrying out of structure index Pearson correlation analysis, lists relevant significant result (table 3).
Landscape indices and the Pearson correlation analysis of benthic fauna structure index under the different river corridor of table 3 (* * represents that, at 0.01 horizontal significant correlation, * represents at 0.05 horizontal significant correlation.Relevant inapparent do not list in table)
Comparing phase coefficient further, the yardstick of correlation coefficient maximum absolute value is the most notable river corridor width.Sum up All landscape patterns river corridor significant to benthic fauna structure influence yardstick, is listed in table 4.It can be seen that FRAC is River corridor at 100m produces significant impact to major part benthic fauna structure index；LPI and SHDI is then wider River corridor (400m to 500m) to benthic fauna structure produce significant impact.And PD, LSI, AI, SPLIT, COHESION and PRD be not strong on the impact of benthic fauna structure, only produces significant impact under single yardstick.
Table 4 river corridor landscape pattern width significant to benthic fauna structure influence
2, river corridor length identification
On the basis of width identification, choose FRAC index wide for 100m and the wide SHDI index of 500m, analyze it end of to Animal Community Structure exponential effect significance of dwelling is maximum under which kind of section length.
For ensureing data volume, if intending choosing again to do position, for section length identification.Choose in Taizihe River basin 31 Flow point position, in the river corridor that 100m and 500m is wide, be respectively provided with 6 section length: 2km, 3km, 5km, 10km, 20km, Sampled point is to source.
In 100m river corridor, view FRAC exponential effect significant benthic fauna structure index has SP, EPT- Fa, ASPT, BP and H ', calculate these 5 benthic fauna structure indexes of 31 some positions.Calculate 100m river corridor simultaneously The view FRAC index of interior 6 section length.In 500m river corridor, calculate by the view SHDI exponential effect significant end Dwell animal EPT-fa, BP and H ' index.The view SHDI index of 6 section length in calculating 500m river corridor simultaneously.
Respectively each benthic fauna structure index and landscape indices are carried out linear regression analysis, and set up back Return curve, by comparing correlation coefficient r value, the maximum absolute value of r, it is benthic fauna structure index in 100m width river To FRAC with under 500m width river corridor, SHDI is responded significant section length under stream gallery.
Result shows, under 100m river corridor, and view FRAC exponent pair zoobenthos SP, EPT-fa, ASPT and H ' refer to Number affects the most notable section length and is 20km, and on BP to affect significance inconspicuous；Under 500m river corridor, view SHDI exponent pair zoobenthos EPT-fa, BP and H ' the most significant section of impact of index is sampled point to the river of headwater Section (table 5).
Table 5 landscape pattern section significant to benthic fauna structure influence length
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be merely illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and non-limiting 's.Those skilled in the art understands, it can be carried out many changes in the spirit and scope that the claims in the present invention are limited, Amendment, even equivalence, but fall within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. landscape pattern based on a benthic fauna structural response target scale recognition system, it includes a sample collection dress Put, group's structural calculation module, a view sensoring, landscape pattern's computing module and a target scale recognition module；Described Sample collecting device gathers the macrobenthos sample of points for investigation；Described structure of community computing module is added up described sample and counts Calculate the structure of community index of described points for investigation；Described view sensoring carries out remote sensing to the view of described points for investigation；Described scape See general layout computing module and determine landscape types according to the result of described remote sensing, and in 6 river corridor, calculate view lattice respectively Office's index；Described target scale recognition module carries out dependency to calculating structure of community index and the landscape indices of described points for investigation Analyze, determine landscape pattern's yardstick；It is characterized in that, described sample collecting device is a sampling spade, it include a sampling storehouse, one Lever and volume rope device；The rear portion in described sampling storehouse is sampling storehouse rear wall, and the inner side of described sampling storehouse rear wall is dispersed with several Pressure transducer and a control transmitter, described pressure transducer measures the pressure that described sampling storehouse rear wall bears, described control The pressure data that described pressure transducer is measured is converted to data signal transmission and goes out by emitter；Described volume rope device is positioned at described Lever rear portion, it includes that a signal receiver and calculates device, and described signal receiver receives described data signal and also transmits To described calculating device, described pressure data is calculated by described calculating device, and computing formula is:
Z=Z1+|Z1|+Z2+|Z2|
Wherein, Z1、Z2Computing formula be:
Z 1 = Σ i = 1 n ( α ln F i N 6 + β )
Z 2 = Σ i = 1 n ( α ln F i N 6 + β | α ln F i N 6 + β | )
In above formula, Z represents reduced value, Z1Represent pressure comparison value, Z2Representing number reduced value, n represents the total of pressure transducer Number, i represents the sequence number of i-th pressure transducer, and α represents that correction factor, β represent correction value, FiRepresent i-th pressure transducer Pressure, N6Represent the pressure transducer normal pressure when depth of water 6m.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 1 target scale recognition system, it is special Levy and be, described structure of community index include species number, EPT familialtaxonomy unit number, EPT species percentage ratio, ASPT index, Berger Parker index and Shannon-prestige Nasdaq index number.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 2 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described landscape indices includes patch density, maximum plaque index, landscape shape index, fractional dimension index, gathering Degree index, separating degree index, degree of communication index, speckle richness density, Shannon diversity index.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 3 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described 6 river corridor are line centered by the section in described points for investigation upstream 10km respectively, wide about generation The relief area, 6 sections of 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 4 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described landscape pattern computing module is a Fragstats software.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 4 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described sampling spade also includes a sampling Cang Gai, a storehouse cover hinge, a control cord and the connection end of a control cord；Described Cang Gai is positioned at the front end in described sampling storehouse；Described storehouse cover hinge connects described Cang Gai and described sampling storehouse, and convenient unlatching closes；Institute The connection end stating control cord is that a projection is arranged at described Cang Gai nearly connecting sewing part, is used for fixing described control cord；Described control Suo Yiduan processed is fixed on the connection end of described control cord, the inside of described lever pass, in the bottom of described lever with described Volume rope device connects.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 6 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described sampling spade also includes that a storehouse lid closing spring, lid closing spring one end, described storehouse are fixed on described Cang Gai and far connect Seam portion, one end is fixed on bottom, described sampling storehouse, is closed by described Cang Gai under the effect of elastic force.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 7 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described volume rope device also includes a motor, a central controller and a power supply, and described central controller receives described calculating The result of device also judges, controls described motor and rotates；Described motor is connected with described control cord, is made by rotation Described control cord moves；Described power supply provides electric energy for described volume rope device.
Landscape pattern based on benthic fauna structural response the most according to claim 8 target scale recognition system, it is special Levying and be, described sampling spade also includes a lever angle adjustable bolt, and described lever angle adjustable bolt connects described sampling storehouse With described lever, loosening then described sampling storehouse and the angle of described lever can be regulated, tighten, lock described sampling storehouse and institute State the angle of lever.
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