CN104033346B - A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure - Google Patents
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104033346B CN104033346B CN201410293206.8A CN201410293206A CN104033346B CN 104033346 B CN104033346 B CN 104033346B CN 201410293206 A CN201410293206 A CN 201410293206A CN 104033346 B CN104033346 B CN 104033346B
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Abstract
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure, it relates to a kind of electric thruster, can not accomplish to facilitate according to the change in discharge channel cross section adjustable solving the magnetic field configuration of existing thruster and magnetic mirror tip location, magnetic separating surface angle at magnetic mirror tip is difficult to regulation, and samarium cobalt permanent magnet iron material process-cycle of carrying out variable cross-section experiment is long, expensive problem, it includes ceramic sleeve, engine housing and four block permanent magnets, permanent magnet is annular permanent magnet, four block permanent magnets from top to bottom set gradually, the middle part of four block permanent magnets is disposed with ceramic sleeve, the major diameter port of ceramic sleeve is upward, four block permanent magnets are fastened by motor body, it also includes five magnetic guiding loops and five non-magnetic cooperation rings；Five magnetic guiding loops are the first magnetic guiding loop, the second magnetic guiding loop, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop, the 4th magnetic guiding loop and the 5th magnetic guiding loop respectively.The present invention applies at space industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric thruster, be specifically related to a kind of multistage cusped magnetic field with passage introduction by magnetic field structure etc. from
Daughter thruster.
Background technology
Multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster is a kind of Novel electric thruster of development based on hall thruster.This pushes away
Power device is formed cusped magnetic field by multistage reverse annular permanent magnet combination, is ceramic jacket in the periphery in Zhong Yang discharge channel region
Cylinder.Electronics is launched by the hollow cathode of channel outlet, to the anode movement of passage upstream under the effect of electric field, due to
The Magnetic Mirror Effect that cusped magnetic field is most advanced and sophisticated, electronics is effectively shielded, and will not collide pottery wall, and electronics is by the magnetic field in passage
Constraint, moves back and forth at a high speed between two magnetic tips.Electrons is produced by collision and conducts to anode movement in the process,
And entering upper level, there are higher voltage and xenon atom density in there.Electronics can ionize and spray into from passage upstream air supply pipe
Xenon atom, the xenon ion being ionized accelerates to spray thruster under electric field action, produces thrust.The electronics that hollow cathode is launched
It is also used for neutralizing the xenon ion accelerated.
This multistage reverse permanent magnet modular design makes atomic ionization district separate with accelerating region, improves ionization rate and electromotor effect
Rate.The cusped magnetic field bit-type that multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster is used can retrain plasma, it is to avoid plasma
The body sputter erosion to wall, it is ensured that thruster has the longest life-span.
The difference of magnetic field configuration can change motion and the distribution of electronics in passage, and this is to affect multistage cusped magnetic field plasma
Angle of rake ionization rate, plasma acceleration direction, the key factor in terms of the plume angle of divergence, therefore magnetic field configuration is impact
The key factor of the performance parameters such as the ionization rate of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster, thrust, specific impulse, the plume angle of divergence.
Simultaneously because electronics in passage, the change carried out under the effect in electric field and magnetic field in discharge channel between xenon atom and plasma
The physical processes such as change and motion are sufficiently complex, the most not yet obtain channel cross-section change and magnetic field configuration to engine performance
The quantitative relationship of parameter impact, accordingly, it would be desirable to carry out great many of experiments analysis for different channel cross-section changes and magnetic field configuration
Its affecting laws.In research channel cross-section change and the magnetic field configuration influence process to engine behavior, electromotor
Discharge channel structure needs to accomplish to facilitate according to the requirement of numerical simulation calculation result adjustable, simplifies structure the most as far as possible and alleviates
Weight, and carry out the provision for thermal insulation in permanent magnet district.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be for solve the magnetic field configuration of existing thruster and magnetic mirror tip location can not be according to the change in discharge channel cross section
Accomplishing to facilitate adjustable, the magnetic separating surface angle at magnetic mirror tip is difficult to regulation, and carries out the samarium cobalt permanent magnet ferrum of variable cross-section experiment
Materials processing cycle length, expensive problem, and then a kind of multistage cusped magnetic field with passage introduction by magnetic field structure is provided
Plasma thruster.
The present invention solves that the problems referred to above adopt the technical scheme that: it is many that the present invention a kind of has passage introduction by magnetic field structure
Level cusped magnetic field plasma thruster includes ceramic sleeve, motor body and four block permanent magnets, permanent magnet be annular forever
Magnet, four block permanent magnets from top to bottom set gradually, and the middle part of four block permanent magnets is disposed with ceramic sleeve, ceramic sleeve big
Upward, four block permanent magnets are fastened diameter port by motor body；
It also includes five magnetic guiding loops and five non-magnetic cooperation rings；Five magnetic guiding loops are the first magnetic guiding loop respectively, second lead
Magnet ring, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop, the 4th magnetic guiding loop and the 5th magnetic guiding loop, the first magnetic guiding loop and the 5th magnetic guiding loop are cirque structure,
Second magnetic guiding loop, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop and the 4th magnetic guiding loop structure are identical, the second magnetic guiding loop, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop and the 4th magnetic guiding loop
Being made into integration by torus and bullet, the larger diameter end of bullet is arranged on toric inner ring surface；
The inner ring surface of five non-magnetic cooperation rings outer ring surface with five magnetic guiding loops respectively constitutes and guides knot together with being equipped with
Structure；
Having clamped the first magnetic guiding loop and the non-magnetic ring that coordinates between permanent magnet and motor body topmost, bottom is forever
Clamp the 5th magnetic guiding loop between Magnet with motor body and non-magnetic coordinated ring；The most adjacent two permanent magnets it
Between sequentially clamped the second magnetic guiding loop and non-magnetic cooperation ring, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop and non-magnetic cooperation ring and the 4th magnetic guiding loop
With non-magnetic cooperation ring；
First magnetic guiding loop, the second magnetic guiding loop, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop, the 4th magnetic guiding loop and the toric outer ring surface of the 5th magnetic guiding loop
Each it is equipped with the inner ring surface of corresponding non-magnetic cooperation ring and docks and be integrated, the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop
Opening, the opening of bullet of the 3rd magnetic guiding loop, the opening of bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop are sleeved on the big of ceramic sleeve successively
Diameter end, the middle part of ceramic sleeve and the smaller diameter end of ceramic sleeve, and the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop and the 3rd magnetic guiding loop
Bus is arranged obliquely, and the bus of the bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop is arranged obliquely, and the inner ring surface of the first magnetic guiding loop is sleeved on
On the bullet of two magnetic guiding loops, the inner ring surface of the 5th magnetic guiding loop is sleeved on the bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: present configuration is simple, reasonable in design, right in order to study the change in discharge channel cross section
The impact of engine performance, when pottery channel cross-section needs change, needs to keep being close to ceramic outer wall face at magnetic mirror tip,
Under conditions of the size constancy keeping permanent magnet, change the size of magnetic guiding loop, magnetic guiding loop can be transferred in magnetic mirror tip
At inner ring surface, convenient regulation；Change the height of conical surface of five magnetic guiding loop inner ring surfaces, two sides can be transferred in magnetic mirror tip
The equivalent contrary axial location of magnetic field intensity gradient, now the magnetic separating surface angle at tip can be reduced to be bordering on or be less than
0, plasma can be made more effectively to be accelerated by the space electric field electronically formed at tip, the magnetic field quilt at outlet magnetic mirror tip
Weaken, electronics can the discharge channel of easier entrance electromotor, the duty of thruster can be more stable；Use five
Pottery channel wall and permanent magnet can more effectively be isolated by magnetic guiding loop, and therefore, pottery vias inner walls face subject plasma bangs
Hit that the heat of generation is more difficult reaches permanent magnet region, it is possible to the temperature being prevented effectively from permanent magnet rises to more than Curie temperature
And the magnetic caused weakens, the not magnetic conduction of metal material coordinates ring can conduct the heat deposited on magnetic guiding loop to engine shell
On body, research channel cross-section change on engine performance when affecting, relative to changing different permanent magnet size, this
Bright can greatly reduce material and processing cost thereof, processing cost reduces 45%～55%, and then shortens samarium cobalt permanent magnet ferrum
Process-cycle, the process-cycle shortens more than 95%, in this embodiment it is not even necessary to change the size of samarium cobalt permanent magnet ferrum, and present configuration is simple,
Can easily be accommodated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster overall structure section with passage introduction by magnetic field structure of the present invention
Figure, Fig. 2 is the multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster overall structure schematic diagram that the present invention has passage introduction by magnetic field structure,
Fig. 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the first magnetic guiding loop, and Fig. 4 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the second magnetic guiding loop, and Fig. 5 is the 3rd
The overall structure schematic diagram of magnetic guiding loop, Fig. 6 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the 4th magnetic guiding loop, and Fig. 7 is the whole of the 5th magnetic guiding loop
Body structural representation, Fig. 8 is the overall structure schematic diagram of non-magnetic cooperation ring, Fig. 9 be existing multistage cusped magnetic field etc. from
Daughter thruster does not add the magnetic field configuration schematic diagram (magnetic separating surface 13 and magnetic mirror tip 14) of passage introduction by magnetic field structure,
Figure 10 is the magnetic field configuration schematic diagram that the present invention has the multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster of passage introduction by magnetic field structure
(magnetic separating surface 13 and magnetic mirror tip 14).
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: combining Fig. 1-Fig. 8 explanation, it is many that present embodiment a kind of has passage introduction by magnetic field structure
Level cusped magnetic field plasma thruster includes ceramic sleeve 10, motor body 5 and four block permanent magnets 3, and permanent magnet 3 is
Annular permanent magnet, four block permanent magnets 3 from top to bottom set gradually, and the middle part of four block permanent magnets 3 is disposed with ceramic sleeve 10,
Upward, four block permanent magnets 3 are fastened the major diameter port of ceramic sleeve 10 by motor body 5；
It also includes five magnetic guiding loops and five non-magnetic cooperation rings 2；Five magnetic guiding loops are the first magnetic guiding loop 1, second respectively
Magnetic guiding loop the 4, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop the 6, the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 and the 5th magnetic guiding loop 8, the first magnetic guiding loop 1 and the 5th magnetic guiding loop 8 are equal
For cirque structure, the second magnetic guiding loop the 4, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop 6 is identical with the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 structure, the second magnetic guiding loop 4,
Three magnetic guiding loops 6 and the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 are made into integration by torus 12 and bullet 11, the larger diameter end peace of bullet 11
It is contained on the inner ring surface of torus 12；
The inner ring surface of five non-magnetic cooperation rings 2 outer ring surface with five magnetic guiding loops respectively constitutes guiding together with being equipped with
Structure；
Clamped the first magnetic guiding loop 1 between permanent magnet 3 and motor body 5 topmost and non-magnetic coordinated ring 2, under
Clamp the 5th magnetic guiding loop 8 between permanent magnet 3 and the motor body 5 of end and non-magnetic coordinated ring 2；The most adjacent
The second magnetic guiding loop 4 and non-magnetic cooperation ring the 2, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop 6 and non-magnetic has sequentially been clamped between two permanent magnets 3
Coordinate ring 2 and the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 and non-magnetic cooperation ring 2；
First magnetic guiding loop the 1, second magnetic guiding loop the 4, the 3rd magnetic guiding loop the 6, the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 and the torus of the 5th magnetic guiding loop 8
The outer ring surface of 12 each inner ring surface with corresponding non-magnetic cooperation ring 2 is equipped with and docks and is integrated, the second magnetic conduction
The opening of the bullet of ring 4, the opening of bullet of the 3rd magnetic guiding loop 6, the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 bullet opening successively
It is sleeved on the larger diameter end of ceramic sleeve 10, the middle part of ceramic sleeve 10 and the smaller diameter end of ceramic sleeve 10, and second leads
The bus of the bullet of magnet ring 4 and the 3rd magnetic guiding loop 6 is arranged obliquely, and the bus of the bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7 is obliquely
Arranging, the inner ring surface of the first magnetic guiding loop 1 is sleeved on the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop 4, the internal ring surface cover of the 5th magnetic guiding loop 8
It is contained on the bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7.
Detailed description of the invention two: combine Fig. 1-Fig. 7 explanation, five magnetic guiding loops described in present embodiment are made by pure iron material.
It is arranged such, cheap and easy to get, the beneficially conduction of heat.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: combine Fig. 1-Fig. 7 explanation, five non-magnetic cooperation rings 2 are by aluminum described in present embodiment
Alloy material is made.It is arranged such, it is possible to the heat deposited on magnetic guiding loop is conducted to motor body, beneficially heat
Scatter and disappear.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: combine Fig. 1-Fig. 7 explanation, the inner ring surface of five non-magnetic cooperation rings 2 of present embodiment
It is provided with step.It is arranged such, connects easy to use, Stability Analysis of Structures, meet design requirement.Other is with detailed description of the invention three
Identical.
Detailed description of the invention five: combine Fig. 1 explanation, any one article of mother of the bullet of the 3rd magnetic guiding loop 6 of present embodiment
Angle between line and horizontal plane is less than any one the angle between bus and horizontal plane of the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop 4.
It is arranged such, more for the situation of change of different channel cross-sections, correct position, Ke Yifang can be transferred in magnetic mirror tip
Just the change regulation interfacial angle of magnetic, convenient regulation, plasma can be made more effectively to be electronically formed at tip
Space electric field accelerates；Magnetic field at outlet magnetic mirror tip is weakened, electronics can the discharge channel of easier entrance electromotor,
The duty of thruster can be more stable；One, two or four are identical with detailed description of the invention for other.
Detailed description of the invention six: combine Fig. 1 explanation, any one mother of the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop 4 of present embodiment
Angle between line and horizontal plane is less than any one article of angle between bus and horizontal plane of the bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop 7.
It is arranged such, more for the situation of change of different channel cross-sections, correct position, Ke Yifang can be transferred in magnetic mirror tip
Just the change regulation interfacial angle of magnetic, convenient regulation, plasma can be made more effectively to be electronically formed at tip
Space electric field accelerates；Magnetic field at outlet magnetic mirror tip is weakened, electronics can the discharge channel of easier entrance electromotor,
The duty of thruster can be more stable；Other is identical with detailed description of the invention five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: combining Fig. 1 explanation, the thickness of the non-magnetic cooperation ring 2 of present embodiment is 2mm.So
Arrange, reduce material and processing cost, meet the design requirements and the actual needs.Other is with detailed description of the invention one, two, four
Or six is identical.
Detailed description of the invention eight: combining Fig. 1 explanation, the thickness of the bullet 11 of five magnetic guiding loops of present embodiment is 2mm.
It is arranged such, reduces material and processing cost, meet the design requirements and the actual needs.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention seven.
Embodiment: combine Fig. 1-Figure 10 explanation, the channel exit (anode and air supply pipe 9) of the present embodiment and passage are gone up most
Magnetic guiding loop at trip is cirque structure, and internal diameter is identical with permanent magnet internal diameter, and width is about the half of permanent magnet width, external diameter
For stepped construction, contacting cooperation with the stepped construction of the inner ring surface of non-magnetic cooperation ring, thickness is 2mm, non-magnetic
The end face coordinating ring contacts cooperation with motor body inner face, and the end contact of another end face and permanent magnet coordinates；
The inner ring surface of the magnetic guiding loop at its excess-three magnetic mirror tip has pyramidal projections, and the thickness of taper surface is 2mm, the height of taper surface
Spending and determine according to the distribution of concrete magnetic field configuration, the inner ring surface of taper surface contacts cooperation with the outside wall surface of ceramic sleeve；
The outer ring surface of the magnetic guiding loop at its excess-three magnetic mirror tip is stepped construction, and width is about the half of permanent magnet width,
Contacting cooperation with the stepped construction of the inner ring surface of non-magnetic cooperation ring, thickness is 2mm, two end faces respectively with reverse circle
Annular permanent magnet contact coordinates；
Non-magnetic cooperation ring is cirque structure, and inner ring surface is staged, and coordinates with magnetic guiding loop, and outer ring surface is column type,
And coordinate with the internal face of the shell of thruster.
The magnetic field configuration schematic diagram of the thruster of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 10, can be according to the change side of accomplishing in discharge channel cross section
The most adjustable, the magnetic separating surface angle at magnetic mirror tip is effectively regulated, the samarium cobalt permanent magnet iron material processing week of variable cross-section experiment
Phase can be greatly shortened.
Claims (8)
1. there is a multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster for passage introduction by magnetic field structure, it include ceramic sleeve (10),
Motor body (5) and four block permanent magnets (3), permanent magnet (3) is annular permanent magnet, and four block permanent magnets (3) are by up to
Under set gradually, the middle part of four block permanent magnets (3) is disposed with ceramic sleeve (10), the major diameter port of ceramic sleeve (10)
Upward, four block permanent magnets (3) are fastened by motor body (5)；
It is characterized in that: it also includes five magnetic guiding loops and five non-magnetic cooperation rings (2)；Five magnetic guiding loops are first respectively
Magnetic guiding loop (1), the second magnetic guiding loop (4), the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6), the 4th magnetic guiding loop (7) and the 5th magnetic guiding loop (8), first
Magnetic guiding loop (1) and the 5th magnetic guiding loop (8) are cirque structure, the second magnetic guiding loop (4), the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6) and the 4th
Magnetic guiding loop (7) structure is identical, and the second magnetic guiding loop (4), the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6) and the 4th magnetic guiding loop (7) are by torus (12)
Being made into integration with bullet (11), the larger diameter end of bullet (11) is arranged on the inner ring surface of torus (12)；
The inner ring surface of five non-magnetic cooperation rings (2) outer ring surface with five magnetic guiding loops respectively constitutes guiding together with being equipped with
Structure；
Clamp the first magnetic guiding loop (1) between permanent magnet (3) and motor body (5) topmost and non-magnetic coordinated ring
(2), clamped the 5th magnetic guiding loop (8) between the permanent magnet (3) of bottom and motor body (5) and non-magnetic coordinated
Ring (2)；The second magnetic guiding loop (4) and non-magnetic cooperation ring has sequentially been clamped between the most adjacent two permanent magnets (3)
(2), the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6) and non-magnetic cooperation ring (2) and the 4th magnetic guiding loop (7) and non-magnetic cooperation ring (2)；
First magnetic guiding loop (1), the second magnetic guiding loop (4), the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6), the 4th magnetic guiding loop (7) and the 5th magnetic guiding loop (8)
Outer ring surface each inner ring surface with corresponding non-magnetic cooperation ring (2) of torus (12) to be equipped with and dock be one
Body, the opening of bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop (4), the opening of bullet of the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6), the 4th magnetic guiding loop (7)
The opening of bullet be sleeved on the larger diameter end of ceramic sleeve (10), the middle part of ceramic sleeve (10) and ceramic sleeve successively
(10) smaller diameter end, and the bus of the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop (4) and the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6) arranges obliquely,
The bus of the bullet of four magnetic guiding loops (7) is arranged obliquely, and the inner ring surface of the first magnetic guiding loop (1) is sleeved on the second magnetic guiding loop (4)
Bullet on, the inner ring surface of the 5th magnetic guiding loop (8) is sleeved on the bullet of the 4th magnetic guiding loop (7).
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: described five magnetic guiding loops are made by pure iron material.
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma-thrust with passage introduction by magnetic field structure the most according to claim 1 and 2
Device, it is characterised in that: described five non-magnetic cooperation rings (2) are made by aluminum alloy materials.
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure the most according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that: the inner ring surface of five non-magnetic cooperation rings (2) is provided with step.
5. according to a kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma with passage introduction by magnetic field structure described in claim 1,2 or 4
Thruster, it is characterised in that: any one article of angle between bus and horizontal plane of the bullet of the 3rd magnetic guiding loop (6) is less than the
Any one the angle between bus and horizontal plane of the bullet of two magnetic guiding loops (4).
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure the most according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that: any one article of angle between bus and horizontal plane of the bullet of the second magnetic guiding loop (4) is less than the 4th magnetic guiding loop
(7) any one the angle between bus and horizontal plane of bullet.
7. according to a kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma with passage introduction by magnetic field structure described in claim 1,2,4 or 6
Thrust body device, it is characterised in that: the thickness of non-magnetic cooperation ring (2) is 2mm.
A kind of multistage cusped magnetic field plasma thruster with passage introduction by magnetic field structure the most according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that: the thickness of the bullet (11) of five magnetic guiding loops is 2mm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108005868A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of anode-cold air thruster combining air feeding cusped magnetic field plasma thruster |
| CN108612636A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hall thruster suitable for the work of wide parameter area |
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| CN104675650A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hollow anode for plasma thruster of cusped magnetic field |
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