Summary of the invention
In view of this, after the present invention is directed to the dehydration that above-mentioned prior art exists water ratio high, cannot the problem run of continuous seepage, provide that a kind of continuously-running, production efficiency are high, water ratio is low after dehydration deep dehydration method for sludge.
Technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of deep dehydration method for sludge of following structure is provided, based on sludge deep dehydrator, described sludge deep dehydrator comprises leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, differential mechanism is provided with between leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, described leading portion dewatering unit comprises the first rotary drum and augers, described augers is positioned at the first rotary drum, described back segment dewatering unit comprises the second rotary drum and spiral pressure filter, described spiral pressure filter is positioned at the second rotary drum
The step of described deep dehydration method for sludge is as follows:
Sewage is by Cemented filling to the first rotary drum, and the first rotary drum and augers differential rotate, and under the influence of centrifugal force, mud is got rid of on the first drum inner wall, and form solid layer, water forms liquid level inside solid layer, is discharged by isolated liquid;
Mud after the process of leading portion dewatering unit is delivered in the second rotary drum of back segment dewatering unit, multiple chamber is formed between spiral pressure filter and the second rotary drum, multiple chamber reduces successively after going to, spiral pressure filter rotates and extrudes mud, mud is made to enter multiple chamber successively, its water ratio constantly reduces, and spiral pressure filter is discharged by drainage mechanism the moisture that mud extruding produces.
Adopt above method, the present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages: adopt the present invention, dewatered by two-stage dewatering unit, leading portion dewatering unit is mainly through the moisture in centrifugal mode filtering sewage, because mud granule is different with the density of water, Distribution of sludge is at skin, sewage is distributed in internal layer, through the process of leading portion dewatering unit, can be the mud that water ratio reaches 80% by the sewage disposal of water ratio 98%, mud in first rotary drum is delivered in the second rotary drum by mud transfer mechanism, back segment dewatering unit adopts mode that is centrifugal and press filtration to be further processed sewage, centrifugal synchronous with press filtration, thus greatly reduce the water ratio of sewage, sludge outlet moisture percentage in sewage sludge is out made to reach requirement, continuously-running of the present invention, production efficiency is high, after dehydration, water ratio is low.
As improvement, described spiral pressure filter comprises the second screw shaft and spiral press filtration blade, described spiral press filtration blade is made up of resilient material, is provided with high pressure fluid channel in spiral press filtration blade, passes into high pressure fluid with inflationary spiral press filtration blade by propulsion source in high pressure fluid channel.Like this, expanded by high pressure fluid and extrude mud, thus realize press filtration, improve dewatering efficiency, and reduce water ratio.
As improvement, described drainage mechanism is located on spiral pressure filter, comprise drainage channel and arrangement thereon hole, filtering layer is provided with outside described hole, under the rotation and extruding of spiral press filtration blade, the moisture be press-filtered out is access aperture gap after filtering layer filters, and is finally discharged by drainage channel.
As improvement, drainage channel is provided with air pump, after dehydration terminates, by air pump, high pressure gas is filled in drainage channel, the mud granule be blocked on hole and filtering layer is cleaned.Effectively prevent the phenomenon of mud granule blocking hole and filtering layer, thus the normal operation of support equipment.
As improvement, the rear end of the second described rotary drum is provided with end plate, and described end plate is also provided with filtering layer, and on end plate, the inner side of filtering layer is provided with hole, and the hole on end plate is also connected with drainage channel.Like this, just can squeeze out liquid by the filtering layer at end plate place and hole, be discharged by drainage channel, reduce further water ratio.
As improvement, being provided with pressure transmitter in the rear end of spiral pressure filter, the inner bottom part position of the second rotary drum, and offering sludge outlet, being provided with the slide valve for opening and closing sludge outlet at sludge outlet place.Like this, owing to there is cognation between the water ratio of mud and pressure, can judge whether to meet the requirements of water ratio by the pressure of pressure transmitter, thus be convenient to the water ratio regulating outlet mud.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sludge deep dehydrator schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of accompanying drawing 1;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of accompanying drawing 1.
As shown in the figure, 1, motor, 2, first rotary drum, 3, augers, 3.1, first screw shaft, 3.2, spiral centrifugal blade, 4, first differential mechanism, 5, the first row mouth of a river, 6, second differential mechanism, 7, second rotary drum, 8, spiral pressure filter, 8.1, second screw shaft, 8.2, spiral press filtration blade, 9, mud transfer mechanism, 10, filtering layer, 11, drainage channel, 12, feeding-passage, 13, feeding-distribution device, 14, sealing member, 15, centrifugal filter press chamber, 16, spacing back-up ring, 17, high pressure fluid channel, 18, horizontal set collar, 19, radial set collar, 20, hole, 21, end plate, 22, pressure transmitter, 23, sludge outlet, 24, slide valve, 25, air pump, 26, controller, 27, case, 28, the second row mouth of a river.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in the figure, deep dehydration method for sludge of the present invention, based on sludge deep dehydrator, described sludge deep dehydrator comprises leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, differential mechanism is provided with between leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, described leading portion dewatering unit comprises the first rotary drum 2 and augers 3, described augers 3 is positioned at the first rotary drum 2, described back segment dewatering unit comprises the second rotary drum 7 and spiral pressure filter 8, described spiral pressure filter 8 is positioned at the second rotary drum 7
The step of described deep dehydration method for sludge is as follows:
Sewage is by Cemented filling to the first rotary drum 2, and the first rotary drum 2 and augers 3 differential rotate, under the influence of centrifugal force, mud is got rid of on the first rotary drum 2 inwall, form solid layer, water forms liquid level inside solid layer, is discharged by isolated liquid;
Mud after the process of leading portion dewatering unit is delivered in the second rotary drum 7 of back segment dewatering unit, multiple chamber (centrifugal filter press chamber 15) is formed between spiral pressure filter 8 and the second rotary drum 7, multiple chamber reduces successively after going to, spiral pressure filter 8 rotates and extrudes mud, mud is made to enter multiple chamber successively, its water ratio constantly reduces, and spiral pressure filter is discharged by drainage mechanism the moisture that mud extruding produces.
The concrete structure of sludge deep dehydrator is as follows: sludge deep dehydrator comprises motor 1, leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, described leading portion dewatering unit comprises the first rotary drum 2 and augers 3, at described motor 1 and the first rotary drum 2, the first differential mechanism 4 is provided with between augers 3, described augers 3 is positioned at the first rotary drum 2, the first row mouth of a river 5 is provided with in first rotary drum 2, the second differential mechanism 6 is provided with between leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, described back segment dewatering unit comprises the second rotary drum 7 and spiral pressure filter 8, described spiral pressure filter 8 is positioned at the second rotary drum 7, mud transfer mechanism 9 is provided with between the first rotary drum 2 and the second rotary drum 7, described is provided with filtering layer 10 and drainage channel 11 on spiral pressure filter 8, described drainage channel 11 is connected with the second rotary drum 7 by filtering layer 10.
In said structure, augers 3 comprises the first screw shaft 3.1 and spiral centrifugal blade 3.2, and spiral pressure filter 8 comprises the second screw shaft 8.1 and spiral press filtration blade 8.2.First screw shaft 3.1 is connected by the second differential mechanism 6 with the second screw shaft 8.1, and the medullary ray of the two is located along the same line.Insert feeding-passage 12 at the first screw shaft 3.1 and the second screw shaft 8.1, the front end of described feeding-passage 12 is provided with feeding-distribution device 13, is evenly sent in the first rotary drum 2 by mud by feeding-distribution device 13.
First rotary drum 2 and augers 3 are under motor 1 drives, under the first differential mechanism 4 acts on, both rotating speeds are different, augers 3 is common spiral conveyer, its vane thickness is thinner, sealing member 14 is provided with between the first rotary drum 2 and augers 3, sealing member 14 is dynamic seal, is arranged on rotary drum 2, plays sealing function to mud.In first paragraph centrifugal dehumidifier, the sewage of water ratio about 98% is carried out centrifuge dehydration, the first rotary drum 2 of high speed rotating produces powerful centrifugal force, mud granule due to density large, centrifugal force is also large, therefore, mud is got rid of to be attached on the first rotary drum 2 inwall, forms solid layer; And the density of water is less, centrifugal force is also little, can only form liquid level inside solid circular layer.Because augers 3 is different with the rotating speed of the first rotary drum 2, there is speed discrepancy in the two, the mud being deposited on the first rotary drum 2 inwall is transported in back segment dewatering unit under the effect of mud transfer mechanism 9 (adopting rotor pump in the present embodiment), and isolated water is then discharged by the first row mouth of a river 5.Mud is after the process of leading portion dewatering unit, and its water ratio can reach about 80%, and the volume of mud greatly reduces compared with during import, is about 1/10 of import sewage volume.
Back segment dewatering unit is that centrifugal combination with press filtration is dewatered, and the mud entered in back segment dewatering unit has reached certain water ratio, and centrifuge dehydration has been partial action, and filter-press dehydration plays is Main Function.So the second screw shaft 8.1 is slowed down further by the second differential mechanism 6, to ensure the stability that back segment dewatering unit runs.Mud and sewage is while the power that is centrifuged is separated, and mud is also subject to spiral press filtration blade 8.2 and extrudes, and moisture is extruded at the same time out, realizes centrifugal filter press combination dehydration, centrifugal synchronous with press filtration.
Centrifugal filter press chamber 15 is formed between second rotary drum 7, spiral pressure filter 8 (comprising the second screw shaft 8.1 and spiral press filtration blade 8.2), centrifugal filter press chamber 15 volume reduces gradually along with the travel direction of mud, the sludge volume one_to_one corresponding that the volume of each chamber is different from the water ratio being in different chamber, if the water ratio entering back segment dewatering unit is 80%, water ratio after process is 60%, then the volume of last chamber of back segment dewatering unit is the half of first chamber volume; If not by leading portion dewatering unit, then have the mud of water ratio 98% to be down to water ratio 60%, then last chamber volume is 5 percent of first chamber volume, then the volume of whole device then increases greatly.
Spiral press filtration blade 8.2 is for having the blade made compared with scantling and favorable elasticity material, its width is about the 1/3-1/2 of the second screw shaft 8.1 pitch, after passing into pressure in screw-blade 8.2, its volume can increase to the 1.2-1.5 of its original volume doubly, can be as the criterion to the larger pressure of mud generation after passing into highly pressurised liquid, spiral press filtration blade 8.2 is by compression swelling, normal pressure replys ortho states, spiral press filtration blade 8.2 surrounding is wrapped in filtering layer 10 (adopting filter cloth in the present embodiment), the filter cloth that filter cloth 10 can adopt plate-and-frame filter press of the prior art to adopt.The both sides of spiral press filtration blade 8.2 are provided with spacing back-up ring 16, spiral press filtration blade 8.2 can only be expanded, and axial float can not occur.
Be provided with high pressure fluid channel 17 in spiral press filtration blade, in high pressure fluid channel 17, pass into high pressure fluid with inflationary spiral press filtration blade 8.2 by propulsion source (can hydro-pump be adopted).Described drainage channel 11 is provided with horizontal set collar 18, is provided with radial set collar 19 in described high pressure fluid channel 17; Horizontal set collar 18 can prevent when high pressure fluid inflationary spiral press filtration blade, the phenomenon causing drainage channel 11 to close because of extruding can be prevented, radial set collar 19 can prevent from causing because of leaf blade expansion between spiral press filtration blade and the second rotary drum stressed excessive, reduce the frictional force of blades turning, wearing layer is provided with, by wall friction in wearing layer and the second rotary drum in spiral press filtration blade 8.2 outer rim.
Described drainage channel 11 is located in spiral pressure filter 8, drainage channel 11 is placed with the hole 20 be interconnected, and described hole 20 is positioned at the inner side of filtering layer; Hole 20 is arranged on the second screw shaft 8.1 and spiral press filtration blade 8.2 simultaneously, and being interconnected of hole 20 both can refer to be communicated with by drainage channel, also by the hole link between hole, can design depending on particular case.
Described drainage channel 11 comprises the circular channel be arranged in the second screw shaft and the apocenosis passage be arranged in spiral press filtration blade, and the hole on the second screw shaft is extended by annular drainage channel outward radial, and the outer end of hole is by filtering layer annular parcel.Annular drainage channel is set in screw shaft, improves the flow of drainage channel, be also convenient to the layout of hole simultaneously.
The rear end of the second described rotary drum 7 is provided with end plate 21, and described end plate 21 is provided with filtering layer, and on end plate 21, the inner side of filtering layer is provided with hole.Just can squeeze out liquid by the filtering layer at end plate place and hole, in order to obtain effect of better catchmenting, this part hole also can be communicated with drainage channel, be discharged together by drainage channel.
Being provided with pressure transmitter 22 in the rear end of spiral pressure filter 8, the inner bottom part position of the second rotary drum 7, and offering sludge outlet 23, being provided with the slide valve 24 for opening and closing sludge outlet at sludge outlet 23 place.Owing to there is cognation between the water ratio of mud and pressure, can judge whether to meet the requirements of water ratio by the pressure of pressure transmitter, pressure is larger, and dewater better, water ratio is lower.Pressure transmitter 22 and slide valve 24 can be controlled by controller, thus energy accurately measuring stress, and response can be made rapidly.
Because mud fine particle easily blocks hole and filter cloth (filtering layer), as cleaned not in time, material impact will be produced to the operating performance of equipment.After dehydration terminates, by air pump 25, high pressure gas are filled in drainage channel 11, the small mud granule be blocked on hole and filter cloth is rinsed.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows: the sewage of water ratio about 98% enters in the hollow hole of screw shaft by opening for feed, feeding-distribution device is entered from hollow hole, under motor drives, first rotary drum and augers high speed rotating, the first rotary drum of high speed rotating produces powerful centrifugal force, mud granule due to density large, centrifugal force is also large, therefore, mud is got rid of to be attached on drum inner wall, forms solid layer.And the density of water is less, centrifugal force is also little, can only form liquid level inside solid circular layer.Because screw feeder is different with the rotating speed under the effect of differential mechanism of rotary drum, there is speed discrepancy in the two, isolated water is then discharged by the first row mouth of a river, and the mud being deposited on drum inner wall pumps into the process entering next link in the second rotary drum by rotor pump.The water ratio of mud after the process of leading portion dewatering unit can reach about 80%, and the volume of mud greatly reduces compared with during import, is about 1/10 of import sewage volume.
Under the effect of rotor pump, the mud of water ratio about 80% enters into back segment dewatering unit, under the second differential mechanism effect, the speed of the second screw shaft reduces further, under the centrifugation of screw shaft, mud is thrown on the second rotary drum (the second rotary drum can not rotate) inwall, and moisture then enters into drainage channel by the filter cloth on the second screw shaft and spiral press filtration blade and hole; On the other hand, because centrifugal filter press cavity volume is more and more less, mud is constantly extruded, meanwhile, highly pressurised liquid enters in spiral press filtration blade, spiral press filtration leaf blade expansion, further mud is extruded, mud receives enough large squeeze, and mud granule rests in centrifugal filter press chamber, and moisture then enters into the drainage channel in spiral press filtration blade by the hole on filter cloth and screw-blade.Along with the not stall of screw shaft is moved, mud is pushed to low order end from high order end, moisture is constantly extruded, during to low order end, different and the volume in last centrifugal filter press chamber is set according to the volume of the corresponding mud of water ratio, ensure that mud enters into the requirement that low order end can reach water ratio substantially, entering in last cavity, under the extruding of screw-blade and end plate, the pressure of mud can be larger, the moisture in mud can be extruded further, when the pressure suffered by mud reaches the pressure of setting (now, the water ratio of mud also reaches requirement, because the water ratio of mud and pressure have certain corresponding relation) time, pressure transmitter by Signal transmissions to controller, controller opens slide valve, mud is discharged.Air pump starts to open, and high pressure gas are entered in the hole in the second screw shaft and spiral press filtration blade by drainage channel, are cleaned up by the small mud granule that hole and filter cloth block, and improves work reliability and the dehydrating effect of equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the advantage of existing centrifuge, have again the advantage of plate-and-frame filter press concurrently, after can solving centrifuge dewatering, water ratio is higher, can solve again the problem that plate-and-frame filter press discontinuous operation production efficiency is not high; Centrifugally synchronously to carry out with press filtration, improve dehydrating effect; This device is compared with board and frame machine, and floor space is little, and noise is little, and operating environment is closed, safety and sanitation.
Below only just preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, but can not be interpreted as it is limitations on claims.The present invention is not only confined to above embodiment, and its concrete structure allows to change.In a word, all various changes done in the protection domain of independent claim of the present invention are all in protection scope of the present invention.