CN104030522A - Deep treatment device for ternary composite flooding oilfield oil production wastewater - Google Patents

Deep treatment device for ternary composite flooding oilfield oil production wastewater Download PDF

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CN104030522A
CN104030522A CN201410227907.1A CN201410227907A CN104030522A CN 104030522 A CN104030522 A CN 104030522A CN 201410227907 A CN201410227907 A CN 201410227907A CN 104030522 A CN104030522 A CN 104030522A
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water
oil
process section
treatment process
viscosity
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CN104030522B (en
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唐述山
侯鹏
路学喜
关博
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Daqing Development Zone Baishi Environment Protection Technology Development Co Ltd
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Daqing Development Zone Baishi Environment Protection Technology Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a deep treatment device for ternary composite flooding oilfield oil production wastewater. The device is divided into an air floatation treatment process section (1), a microbial treatment process section (2), an advanced oxidation treatment process section (3) and a filtration treatment process section (4), wherein the air floatation treatment process section (1) is provided with an oil receiving and discharge system (5), and the microbial treatment process section (2) is provided with a sludge treatment system (6). Each process section of the device has an independent function and achieves different effluent standard respectively, meanwhile, the upper and lower process sections are matched with each other and support each other, and the quality of the effluent treated by the device can reach the standard requirement of oilfield low-permeability reservoir reinjection water.

Description

Ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus
Technical field:
The present invention be directed to alkaline surfactant polymer flooding oil-field wastewater oil removing, oil removal and reduction viscosity and carry out the device of advanced treatment.Relate to a kind of ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus.
Background technology:
Along with the exploitation in oil field deepens continuously, tertiary oil recovery technology has become Daqing oil field and even one of major measure of oil recovery factor is improved in the whole nation.Yet tertiary oil recovery is when improving oil recovery factor, what bring is that recovered water oily water separation difficulty strengthens, and is embodied in: the viscosity of recovered water increases; Oil droplet in recovered water diminishes; Water-oil interface moisture film intensity increases; Between oil droplet, coalescence becomes the ability of large oil droplet to decline; The complicated phenomenon aggravation of water quality; In water, the removal difficulty of oil-containing and suspended substance increases.Ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water has: viscosity increases, the oil droplet in water diminishes, water-oil interface moisture film intensity increases, between oil droplet coalescence become that the ability of large oil droplet declines, the water quality characteristics such as removal difficulty increase of oil-containing and suspended substance in the complicated phenomenon aggravation of water quality, water.
In the oil extraction waste water of ternary composite driving oil field, contain a large amount of polymkeric substance (polyacrylamide) and tensio-active agent, intractability is more much bigger than water drive recovered water, and oily water separation difficulty strengthens.In water water quality, contain and gather in the situation that surpassing 600mg/L, in water, oil droplet emulsion is serious, if contain again a certain amount of tensio-active agent, this kind of sewage is by the situation in extremely stable, conventional physical method is difficult to reach ideal effect, meanwhile, exist floor space large, the problems such as treatment scheme length.
The advanced treatment water yield of at present poly-ly drive, ternary being driven development requires rises year by year, the insufficient water sources that occurs degree of depth water, the outstanding problems such as construction investment increases year by year, proposition will realize the construction object of " poly-drive water exit re-injection poly-drive block, ternary drive water exit re-injection ternary is driven block ".This measure is conducive to the optimization of oilfield sewage ground system and simplifies, normal operation that can the current water drive Sewage treatment systems of effective guarantee, reduction sink drainage different quality, different geographical are allocated quantities mutually, alleviate oilfield water flooding degree of depth water insufficient water sources problem, simplify sink drainage and produce note balance, avoid wastewater disposition etc.
Therefore, for conventional oilfield treatments technique, analyze, the in the situation that of containing high concentration polymer and surfactant in water, conventional sedimentation, filtration have been difficult to reach design requirements, need to consider to use other treatment process carry out advanced treatment to water.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the deficiency existing in background technology, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus.Main flow of the present invention is followed successively by air supporting treatment process section, micro-organism treatment process section, Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section and filtration treatment process section.Micro-organism treatment process section is carried out breakdown of emulsion degraded by the oil in water emulsion in sewage, and the oleaginousness in water is reduced in 50 ㎎/L; Sewage, after micro-organism treatment process section, is promoted to the catalytic oxidation tank of Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section by lift pump, at catalytic oxidation tank, complete contact oxidation, by organic pollutant chain rupture, degraded in ternary sewage, makes ternary sewage reduce viscosity.After reduced viscosity, through filtration treatment process section, filter again, remove the suspended substance in water, finally realize the processing to ternary composite driving oil field oil production waste water in oil field, water outlet oil-containing after processing is not higher than 5 ㎎/L, suspended substance is not more than 5 ㎎/L, median particle size is not more than 2 μ m, and effluent quality reaches oil field low-permeability oil deposit re-injection water quality standard or returns and join standard-required.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: this device is divided into air supporting treatment process section, micro-organism treatment process section, Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section, filtration treatment process section, and micro-organism treatment process section is equipped with sludge treating system;
Above-mentioned air supporting treatment process section is divided into zone of action, disengaging zone, exhalant region, Shou You district, zone of action is connected with water distributor, viscosity is installed at thread detector on water distributor, dissolved air release is installed in zone of action, the inlet end of dissolved air release is communicated with pressure regulator valve and dissolving successively, the inlet end of dissolving connects respectively dissolved air water pump and air compressor, the water pipeline that dissolved air water pump intake end connects communicates with exhalant region, zone of action and disengaging zone are opened by baffle for separating, dividing plate upper surface bends to disengaging zone direction, Shou You is provided with Oil scraper in district, Oil scraper is by motor drive, sump oil in Shou You district is scraped into collection tank, collection tank is communicated with fuel reserve tank, the exit end of fuel reserve tank connects the inlet end of receiving oil pump, in exhalant region, be provided with water tank, water tank is communicated with header, the inlet end of header is positioned at bottom, zone of action,
Above-mentioned micro-organism treatment process section comprises device body, device body is divided into one~level Four breaking milk and removing oil district and solid-liquid separator, solid-liquid separator is comprised of the settling section of fore portion and the gas-solution water generator of rear section, every one-level breaking milk and removing oil is provided with stuffing box support in district, and modular combination stuffing box is installed in stuffing box support; Inner side-wall top, every one-level breaking milk and removing oil district is provided with effluent weir, effluent weir is communicated with water distributor, water distributor communicates with next stage breaking milk and removing oil district to downward-extension and through breaking milk and removing oil district sidewall, aerating system is installed in device body, aerating system is comprised of Aeration fan, aeration pipeline, aeration head, device body internal upper part is provided with scrapes oil system, scrapes oil system and is comprised of Oil scraper, collection tank;
Above-mentioned Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section comprises air coarse filter, air coarse filter is by pipeline successively joint noise reduction device, air compressor, air cooling driers, air fine filter, oxygenerator, reactive gas generating unit, catalytic oxidation tank, tail gas recycle device, wherein: on tail gas recycle device, reactive gas is installed at thread detector, reactive gas generating unit is connected with circulating water cooling system, COD on-line monitoring device is installed on catalytic oxidation tank, COD on-line monitoring device and reactive gas generating unit are connected with PLC controller signals line respectively, COD on-line monitoring device is converted into electric signal transmission to PLC controller by the COD value of water, after PLC controller is compared COD value and the control curve storing, adjust the power of reactive gas generating unit, make it to adapt with water water quality.
Above-mentioned filtration treatment process section comprises two-stage filtration, wherein one-level is sandfiltration pot, secondary is fine filter, fine filter is divided into upper cavity, lower chamber, upper cavity upper surface adopts on fast-open type upper cover a plurality of filter bags is installed, filter bag upper shed communicates with upper cavity, filter bag adopts inner frame and outer skeleton to fix, inner frame and outer skeleton are fixed on dividing plate, lower chamber bottom is connected with positive filter influent mouth, just leaching the mouth of a river, positive filter influent mouth extends internally and is connected with upper cavity through lower chamber, the positive filter influent valve of positive filter influent mouth and outside, backwash outlet valve joins, just leaching the mouth of a river and the outside water valve that just leaches, backwash water intaking valve joins, backwash water intaking valve connects backwashing pump, positive filter influent valve, backwash outlet valve, just leaching water valve, backwash water intaking valve, backwashing pump is connected with controller signals respectively.
Above-mentioned sludge treating system comprises sludge concentrating pot, the water outlet pipeline that sludge concentrating pot top connects is connected with the water inlet pipe of micro-organism treatment process section, sludge concentrating pot bottom goes out mud pipeline and is connected with the inlet end of centrifuge, the exit end of centrifuge is connected with the inlet end of worm conveyor, on the water outlet pipeline that goes out mud pipeline and top connection that sludge concentrating pot bottom connects, is separately installed with recovered water pump.
Master control system of the present invention adopts DCS distributed control system, and each process section all has independently PLC controller, and all PLC controllers, when completing the automatic control of this process section, are realized centralized displaying comprehensive coordinate by DCS distributed control system.The automatic Control the content of each process section comprises: 1. air supporting treatment process section is by viscosity on-line monitoring system, the viscosity of Real-Time Monitoring water, PLC Controlling System Real-time Collection viscosity, on-line monitoring system viscosity signal, and according to water viscosity changing conditions, the frequency-variable controller of the aperture of automatic pressure regulation variable valve and dissolved air water pump, the pressure of device dissolved air water and flow are carried out regulating and controlling in real time, thereby realize bubble diameter size adjustment, control reflux ratio simultaneously; 2. micro-organism treatment process section is by COD on-line monitoring system and viscosity on-line detecting system, to gather the related data of water, through stored viscosity and COD data in PLC controller comparable data storehouse, compare, determine Aeration fan aeration rate, PLC controller, is realized the real-time online of aeration rate in device body is regulated automatically by controlling the frequency-variable controller of Aeration fan by this aeration rate; 3. Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section is, by COD on-line monitoring system, the COD value of water is converted into electric signal transmission to PLC controller, after PLC controller is compared COD value and the control curve storing, adjust the power of reactive gas generation systems, make it to adapt with water water quality.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: main flow of the present invention is followed successively by air supporting treatment process section, micro-organism treatment process section, Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section and filtration treatment process section.Wherein air supporting treatment process section, mainly for the treatment of the dispersed oil in the oil extraction waste water of ternary composite driving oil field and part oil in water emulsion, utilizes flotation technology to make oily water separation, and the sump oil after separation is reclaimed; Micro-organism treatment process section mainly adopts not removed remaining oil in water emulsion in the ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water after microorganism is processed air supporting treatment process section, carry out microbial de-emulsification separation, and the sump oil after separation is reclaimed, failing the oil in water emulsion of break milk separation carries out biological degradation removal; The degree of depth degraded of organic pollutant in ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water after Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section is processed mainly for the treatment of micro-organism treatment process section, simultaneously, utilize oxygenizement, polymkeric substance in ternary sewage is carried out to chain rupture, thereby effectively reduce former water viscosity, make former water viscosity close to normal clear water value, greatly reduce the difficulty of subsequent treatment process; Filtration treatment process section is mainly used in the sewage after advanced oxidation to filter, remove remaining sump oil and suspended solids, and water outlet suspended solids median particle size is control effectively, guarantee that effluent quality reaches oil field low-permeability oil deposit re-injection water quality standard or returns and join standard-required.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Accompanying drawing 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is sludge drainage system structure iron of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is robot control system(RCS) schematic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that air supporting treatment process section of the present invention is except oil type structural representation.
Accompanying drawing 5 is vertical views of accompanying drawing 4.
Accompanying drawing 6 is accompanying drawing 5A-A sectional views.
Accompanying drawing 7 air supporting treatment process of the present invention section is except outstanding type structural representation.
Accompanying drawing 8 is vertical views of accompanying drawing 7.
Accompanying drawing 9 is structural representations of micro-organism treatment process section of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 10 is vertical views of accompanying drawing 9.
Accompanying drawing 11 is schematic diagram of scraping oil system part of micro-organism treatment process section of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 12 is modular combination stuffing box structural representations in accompanying drawing 9.
Accompanying drawing 13 is effluent weir structural representations of micro-organism treatment process section of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 14 is micro-organism treatment process section light-weight cover board structural representations of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 15 is micro-organism treatment process section light-weight cover board scheme of installations of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 16 is structural representations of Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 17 is schematic flow sheets of Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 18 is structural representations of filtration treatment process section of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 19 is that filtration treatment process section of the present invention is just being filtered view.
Accompanying drawing 20 is filtration treatment process section backwash view of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 21 is structure of filter bag figure in accompanying drawing 18.
Accompanying drawing 22 is filtration treatment process section pulse backwashing intensity control schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Shown in accompanying drawing, this ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus comprises air supporting treatment process section 1, micro-organism treatment process section 2, Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3,4 four process sections of filtration treatment process section.Auxiliary process comprises the receipts oil oil draining system 5 of air supporting treatment process section 1, the sludge treating system 6 of micro-organism treatment process section 2.Each process section all has independently function, between simultaneously upper and lower process section, not only cooperatively interacts but also mutually support.
Wish is processed oil production waste water in oil field and is first entered air supporting treatment process section, described air supporting treatment process section is divided into zone of action 1-1, disengaging zone 1-2, exhalant region 1-3, Shou You district 1-4, zone of action 1-1 is connected with water distributor 1-5, viscosity is installed at thread detector 1-19 on water distributor 1-5, dissolved air release 1-6 is installed in zone of action 1-1, dissolved air release 1-6 take device medullary ray be benchmark, in the mode of symmetric array, arrange.The inlet end of dissolved air release 1-6 is communicated with pressure regulator valve 1-21 and dissolving 1-12 successively, the inlet end of dissolving 1-12 connects respectively dissolved air water pump 1-13 and air compressor 1-14, the water pipeline that dissolved air water pump 1-13 inlet end connects communicates with exhalant region 1-3, 1-1Yu disengaging zone, zone of action 1-2 is separated by dividing plate 1-7, dividing plate 1-7 upper surface bends to disengaging zone 1-2 direction, in Shou You district 1-4, Oil scraper 1-10 is installed, Oil scraper 1-10 is driven by electric motor 1-11, sump oil in Shou You district 1-4 is scraped into collection tank 1-9, collection tank 1-9 is communicated with fuel reserve tank 1-16, the exit end of fuel reserve tank 1-16 connects the inlet end of receiving oil pump 1-17, in the 1-3 of exhalant region, be provided with water tank 1-15, water tank 1-15 is communicated with header 1-8, the inlet end of header 1-8 is positioned at 1-1 bottom, zone of action.Effective residence time of air supporting treatment process section 1 is 40min, and floatation reflux ratio is not more than 30%.When water oil-containing is when 1000~3000 ㎎/L, suspended substance are not more than 350 ㎎/L, viscosity and are not more than 15mPas, water outlet oil-containing is not more than 250 ㎎/L at 150~400 ㎎/L, suspended substance.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the arranged direction of air supporting treatment process section water distributor 1-5 is identical with the arranged direction of Oil scraper 1-10, dissolved air release 1-6 installation site is corresponding with the position of water distributor 1-5, and the arranged direction of dividing plate 1-7 is parallel with Oil scraper 1-10 frizing direction.Water (flow) direction is vertical with the rotation direction of Oil scraper.By the oil droplet in dividing plate water and suspended substance, in zone of action 1-1, be hunted down, the oil slick climbing up on top of the water is received to fuel reserve tank along current vertical direction by Oil scraper, because water (flow) direction is to move along the shorter direction of casing, oil slick on climbing up on top of the water can be put away by Oil scraper timely, and there is extraordinary effect in institute for oil removing by this way.But exactly because stream course is shorter, like this and be unfavorable for that density is greater than the sedimentation of water suspension, therefore this scheme is applicable to processing containing innage, containing the less ternary composite driving oil field recovered water of suspended substance.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, the arranged direction of air supporting treatment process section water distributor 1-5 and the arranged direction of Oil scraper 1-10 are perpendicular, dissolved air release 1-6 installation site is corresponding with the position of water distributor 1-5, and the arranged direction of dividing plate 1-7 and Oil scraper 1-10 frizing direction are perpendicular.1-2 middle part in disengaging zone is provided with inclined plate packing 1-18, and inclined plate packing 1-18 is tetrafluoroethylene material.Its constructional feature is that water (flow) direction is consistent with the rotation direction of Oil scraper.By dividing plate, water is contacted in zone of action fully with dissolved air water, then enter relatively long disengaging zone and carry out separation, because this region is longer, clearance for the larger suspension of density can be higher, it is high that institute is applicable to processing suspension content by this way, the ternary composite driving oil field recovered water that oil-containing is less.
Air supporting treatment process section viscosity on-line monitoring device 1-19, pressure regulator valve 1-22, dissolved air water pump 1-13 are connected with PID controller 1-20 signal wire respectively, PID controller 1-20 Real-time Collection viscosity on-line monitoring device 1-19 viscosity signal, and according to water viscosity changing conditions, the frequency-variable controller of the aperture of automatic pressure regulation variable valve 1-21 and dissolved air water pump 1-13, carries out regulating and controlling in real time to the pressure of device dissolved air water and flow.
The ultimate principle of air supporting treatment process section 1 is to utilize flotation technology, by dissolve in small bubble in sewage, and from water, separate out and become carrier with micro-bubble form, the mode of flocculating or naturally adsorbing by dosing, flocculate mutually with the material of density close to water, the pollution substances such as the oil in water emulsion in waste water, small suspended particle are sticked on bubble, make flocculation after flco total body density much smaller than water, in bubble surface attached water, oil droplet and floc particle, after water surface floating, are realized the separated of oil, solid and water.The object that reaches separating impurity, purifies waste water by collecting foam or scum silica frost, flotation process is mainly used to process in waste water by natural subsidence and is difficult to the oil in water emulsion of removal or relative density close to the small suspended particle of water.The effect of air supporting treatment process section is by air supporting, to remove, reclaim the overwhelming majority in sewage to disperse sump oil and part oil in water emulsion, simultaneously by the balanced water water yield of tank body useful volume and water quality.
Water after air supporting treatment process section 1 is processed enters micro-organism treatment process section 2, as shown in FIG. 9 and 10, described micro-organism treatment process section 2 comprises device body 2-1, device body 2-1 is divided into one~level Four breaking milk and removing oil district and solid-liquid separator 2-12, solid-liquid separator 2-12 is comprised of the settling section 2-9 of fore portion and the gas-solution water generator of rear section, every one-level breaking milk and removing oil is provided with stuffing box support 2-5 in district, and modular combination stuffing box 2-4 is installed in stuffing box support 2-5; Inner side-wall top, every one-level breaking milk and removing oil district is provided with effluent weir 2-7, effluent weir 2-7 is communicated with water distributor 2-8, water distributor 2-8 communicates with next stage breaking milk and removing oil district to downward-extension and through breaking milk and removing oil district sidewall, aerating system 2-2 is installed in device body 2-1, aerating system 2-2 is comprised of Aeration fan 2-13, aeration pipeline, aeration head 2-3, the form that aeration head 2-3 installs is symmetric array formula, centered by aeration pipeline, arranges successively.Device body 2-1 internal upper part is provided with scrapes oil system, scrapes oil system and is comprised of Oil scraper 2-10, collection tank 2-11.Wherein on the facade of effluent weir 2-7, be compounded with subplate 2-18, the two ends of the subplate 2-17 leading screw that has been threaded, leading screw is fixed on the inwall of device body 2-1, and subplate 2-18 can move up and down with respect to the facade of effluent weir 2-7.Device body 2-1 bottom is provided with shore pipe 2-6 with holes, and shore pipe 2-6 exit end is provided with valve.At device top, be coated with cover plate, cover plate is comprised of light-weight cover board 2-17 and cement casting cover plate interval.Effective residence time of micro-organism treatment process section (2) is 14h~16h.When water oil-containing is when 150~400 ㎎/L, suspended substance are not more than 250 ㎎/L, viscosity and are not more than 15mPas, micro-organism treatment process section (2) water outlet oil-containing is not more than 50 ㎎/L, suspended substance is not more than 150 ㎎/L.
The principle of the receipts oil oil draining system 5 of described micro-organism treatment process section 2 is to utilize electric reducer to drive chain type transmission mechanism, and scraper plate is installed in segmentation on chain, drives the scraper plate on chain to complete horizontal line style motion when electric reducer rotates.When scraper plate touches liquid level, just the emersion thing on liquid level is collected in collection tank.Receive oily oil draining system 5 and collect the dispersed oil after 1 dissolved air flotation of air supporting treatment process section, and a small amount of oil in water emulsion after breakdown of emulsion in micro-organism treatment process section 2, and import fuel reserve tank 13, through oil drain pump, it is recycled to crude oil gathering system in the lump again, effectively avoid the wasting of resources, realized resource secondary recovery.
Micro-organism treatment process section 2 come to be separately installed with on water pipeline COD on-line monitoring device 2-14 and viscosity at thread detector 2-15, COD on-line monitoring device 2-14, viscosity is connected with PLC controller 2-16 signal wire respectively with Aeration fan 2-13 at thread detector 2-15, COD on-line monitoring device 2-14 and viscosity gather the related data of water at thread detector 2-15, through stored viscosity and COD data in PLC controller 2-16 comparable data storehouse, compare, determine Aeration fan 2-13 aeration rate, PLC controller 2-16 passes through to control the frequency-variable controller of Aeration fan 2-13 by this aeration rate, realization regulates automatically to the real-time online of aeration rate in device body.
Micro-organism treatment process section 2 utilizes microorganism species to carry out breakdown of emulsion and degraded to the oil in water emulsion in the oil extraction waste water of ternary composite driving oil field.Ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water after 1 oil removing of air supporting treatment process section enters into micro-organism treatment process section 2, the already present microorganism place that joins in water and water body in micro-organism treatment process section, oil in water emulsion in this process in water can be by the microbial de-emulsification in water, degraded, in water, microorganism is usingd oil and is consumed as carbon source, thereby realizes the function of oil removing.
Microorganism is divided into following several situation to the degraded of oil-containing in water: one, the microbiological deterioration of paraffinic hydrocarbons: the 1. terminal methyl group of microorganism attack paraffinic hydrocarbons, by mixed-function oxidase catalysis, generate primary alconol, be further oxidized to aldehyde and lipid acid, lipid acid is then by the further metabolism of β-oxidation again.2. the inferior end of some microorganism attack alkane, inserts oxygen on the carbon atom in chain.Like this, first generate secondary alcohol, more further oxidation, generating ketone, ketone again metabolism is ester, ester bond cracking generates primary alconol and lipid acid.Alcohol then continues to be oxidized to aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid is by the further metabolism of β-oxidation.Two, the naphthenic hydrocarbon that does not possess terminal methyl group carries out biological degradation by the mechanism that is similar to above-mentioned end oxidation: as cyclohexane, hydroxylation generation by mixed-function oxidase encircles alcohol, the latter's dehydrogenation generates ketone, further oxidation again, an oxygen inserts ring and generates lactone, lactone open loop, the hydroxyl of one end is oxidized to aldehyde radical, be reoxidised into carboxyl, the dicarboxylic acid generating is by the further metabolism of β-oxidation: alicyclic compound can not be used as the sole carbon source of microorganism growth conventionally, unless they have sufficiently long aliphatic lateral chain.Although found the microorganism that can grow on cyclohexane, the microorganism that more commonly can transform cyclohexane and be cyclohexanone can not lactonize and open loop, and cyclohexanone can be lactonized and the microorganism of open loop can not to transform cyclohexane be cyclohexanone.Intergrowth relation between visible microorganism and altogether metabolism play an important role in the biological degradation of naphthenic hydrocarbon.Three, the microbiological deterioration of aromatic hydrocarbon: aromatic hydrocarbon is oxidized to catechol by oxygenase, the aromatic nucleus of dihydroxy reoxidizes, ortho position or a position open loop.Ortho position open loop generates muconic acid, reoxidizes as β-one adipic acid, and the latter reoxidizes intermediate product succsinic acid and the acetyl-CoA into tricarboxylic acid cycle.Between position open loop generate 2-hydroxyl hexadiene half aldehydic acid, further metabolism generates formic acid, acetaldehyde and pyruvic acid.Four, the microbiological deterioration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the biological degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, one was encircled dihydroxy, open loop before this, was further degraded to pyruvic acid and CO 2, then second ring decomposes with the same manner.
The principle of micro-organism treatment process section is to utilize the occurring in nature can be to the bacterial classification that in the oil extraction waste water of ternary composite driving oil field, some organic pollutant is degraded, screen, tame, spread cultivation, then be added in the device of a constant volume, make its biofilm on suspension member filler, sewage is passed into this device, the microorganism species in device just can be degraded to the organic pollutant in sewage again.Bacterial classification dosage by volume, bacterial classification volume is ten thousand/2-5 of device body 1 volume, this technology can be in sewage effectively the degrade biological group of the organic pollutants such as benzene class, hydro carbons, lipid, naphthalene class of Rapid Establishment, the aliphatics of various complexity in sewage and aromatic series etc. are carried out to effective biological degradation, can strengthen the biological degradation to hydro carbons, wax class and phenol, naphthalene, amine, benzene etc. simultaneously, take dirty organic pollutants as nutrition and obtain energy, realize the metabolism of self life, by the continuous breeding of population, realize the ability of disposing of sewage continuously.This technology, except having the common feature of other biological treatment technology, also has the advantages such as anti-load is high, sludge quantity is few, non-secondary pollution, the residence time is short, treatment effect is good.
The effect of micro-organism treatment process section is on the suspension type bio-carrier that contains zymin, generation has the associating biological flora of special efficacy Degradation to benzene class, aldehydes matter and heterocyclic arene type organic, thereby the organic oil pollutants in water of decomposition, and under the adsorption filtration effect of bio-carrier, remove other suspended contaminant in water, suspended substance is the bulk mycoderm form that comes off by molecule Morphological Transitions.Micro-organism treatment process section final stage adopts micro-aeration system, and the mud that micro-organism treatment process section is produced carries out solid-liquid separation, removes the mycoderm and the wire suspended solids that come off, finally makes that water outlet oil-containing is not more than 50 ㎎/L, suspended substance is not more than 150 ㎎/L.
Water through micro-organism treatment process section enters Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3, Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3 comprises that air coarse filter 3-1 is by pipeline successively joint noise reduction device 3-2, air compressor 3-3, air cooling driers 3-4, air fine filter 3-5, oxygenerator 3-6, reactive gas generating unit 3-7, catalytic oxidation tank 3-8, tail gas recycle device 3-9, wherein: on tail gas recycle device 3-9, reactive gas is installed at thread detector 3-10, reactive gas generating unit 7 is connected with circulating water cooling system 3-11, COD on-line monitoring device 3-12 is installed on catalytic oxidation tank 3-8, COD on-line monitoring device 3-12 and reactive gas generating unit 3-7 are connected with PLC controller 3-13 signal wire respectively, COD on-line monitoring device 3-12 is converted into electric signal transmission to PLC controller 3-13 by the COD value of water, after PLC controller 3-13 compares COD value and the control curve storing, adjust the power of reactive gas generating unit 3-7, make it to adapt with water water quality.
Catalytic oxidation tank 3-8 in Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3 is vertical tank, adopt enterprising water outlet under water, water is at the tank deck water distribution of catalytic oxidation tank 3-8, catchment in bottom, reactive gas adopts gas collection on lower gas distribution, tail gas through catalytic oxidation tank 3-8 reclaims at tank deck, and catalytic oxidation tank 3-8 inside is filled with polytetrafluoroethylene packing.The reactive gas reliever 3-14 material of catalytic oxidation tank 3-8 is porous honeycomb ceramic surface attachment metal oxide or rare metal sintering, wherein metal oxide Al 2o 3, TiO 2or MnO 2.Frequency 20~25kHZ, voltage 3kV~6kV, the air pressure 0.3~0.6MPa of the reactive gas generating unit 3-7 that it uses.
The advanced oxidation principle of Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3 foundations, take reactive gas and hydroxyl radical free radical reacts as main oxygenant and organism, the organic free radical generating in reaction can continue to participate in the chain reaction of HO, or by generating after organic peroxy free radical, further there is oxidative decomposition until be degraded to final product CO2 and H2O, thereby reach the organic object of oxygenolysis.The water treatment method traditional with other compared, advanced oxidation processes has following characteristics: produce a large amount of very active its oxidation capacities of Hydroxyl radical HO (2.80v) and be only second to fluorine (2.87), it is as the intermediate product of reaction, can bring out chain reaction below, hydroxyl radical free radical differs very little from the reaction rate constant of different organic substances, while there is multiple pollutant in water, there will not be a kind of material to be degraded and the substantially constant situation of another kind of material; The HO selectively pollutant reaction directly and in waste water is degraded to carbonic acid gas, water and harmless object, can not produce secondary pollution; General chemistry oxidation style is because oxidation capacity is poor, react the reason such as selective, often can not directly reach and remove the object that organism reduces TOC and COD completely, and substantially there is not this problem in advanced oxidation rule, intermediate product in oxidising process all can continue same hydroxyl radical reaction, until be finally oxidized to carbonic acid gas and water completely, thereby reached the thorough object of removing TOC, COD; Because it is a kind of physical and chemical process, be easy to be controlled, to meet processing needs, with common chemical oxidization method, to compare, the speed of response of advanced oxidation processes is very fast, can within very short time, reach processing requirements; Both can be used as individual curing, can match with other treating processess again.
The effect of Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3 is remaining organic pollutant to carry out degree of depth degraded; Meanwhile, utilize oxygenizement, polymkeric substance in ternary sewage is carried out to chain rupture, thereby effectively reduce former water viscosity, greatly reduce the difficulty of subsequent treatment process, the content that simultaneously utilizes exhaust gas recovery system 8 to detect reactive gas in tail gas reaches the object of environmental protection.
Effective residence time of Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3 is 30min~60min.When water oil-containing is not more than 50 ㎎/L, suspended substance and is not more than 150 ㎎/L, viscosity and is not more than 15mPas, water outlet oil-containing is not more than that 10 ㎎/L, suspended substance are not more than 30 ㎎/L, viscosity is not more than 2mPas.
The removal process of 3 pairs of water pollutants of advanced oxidation skill section: 1, be oxidized inorganics: 1. solubility Fe and Mn in water can be oxidized to ferric iron, tetravalence manganese generation precipitation and remove; 2. ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to NO lentamente by ozone 3, then through biological nitration and metabolism assimilation, removed; 3. exist in the situation of bromide, ammonia can be degraded to N through ozone oxidation 2, Br is oxidized to rapidly HOBr by ozone simultaneously, and then forms N with ammonia react 2and Br, Br is again by ozone oxidation, until ammonia is all removed; 4. prussiate forms cyanate after ozone oxidation, the latter under acidity or alkaline condition all hydrolyzable be converted into nitride; 5. the oxidizable generation elemental sulfur of inorganic sulphide, and be further oxidized to SOx.2, oxidation of organic compounds: reactive gas can be oxidized many organism, as protein, amino acid, organic amine, chain unsaturated compound, aromatic series, xylogen, soil ulmin etc.Wherein reactive gas carries out for the following process of degraded Main Basis of polymkeric substance: PAM+.OH → intermediate product → degraded product, thus realize the degraded to polymkeric substance.
Water after Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section 3 is processed enters filtration treatment process section 4, described filtration treatment process section 4 comprises two-stage filtration, wherein one-level is sandfiltration pot 9, secondary is fine filter 10, fine filter 10 is divided into upper cavity 4-2, lower chamber 4-4, and upper cavity 4-2 upper surface adopts fast-open type upper cover 4-1 sealing, between upper cavity 4-2, lower chamber 4-4, dividing plate 4-3 is installed, a plurality of filter bag 4-8 are installed on dividing plate 4-3, and the treat surface load of filter bag 4-8 is 1.5m 3/ ㎡ 2h, backwash intensity is 1L/s ㎡ 2~2L/s ㎡ 2, the backwash time is 3min~5min.Filter bag 4-8 upper shed communicates with upper cavity 4-2, filter bag 4-8 adopts inner frame 4-9 and outer skeleton 4-7 to fix, inner frame 4-9 and outer skeleton 4-7 are fixed on dividing plate 4-3, lower chamber 4-4 bottom is connected with positive filter influent mouth 4-5, just leaching mouth of a river 4-6, positive filter influent mouth 4-5 extends internally and is connected with upper cavity 4-2 through lower chamber 4-4, the positive filter influent valve 4-13 of positive filter influent mouth 4-5 and outside, backwash outlet valve 4-14 joins, just leaching mouth of a river 4-6 and the outside water valve 4-12 that just leaches, backwash water intaking valve 4-11 joins, backwash water intaking valve 4-11 connects backwashing pump 4-10, positive filter influent valve 4-13, backwash outlet valve 4-14, just leaching water valve 4-12, backwash water intaking valve 4-11, backwashing pump 4-10 is connected 4-15 with controller signals respectively.
Filtration treatment process section 4 is realized purification of water quality by thick and smart two-stage filtration.In filtration treatment process section 4, one-level sandfiltration pot 9 is that filtering layer filters, and one-level sandfiltration pot 9 filtering velocitys are 8m/h, by the hole of filtering layer, removes the fine suspension in water inlet, and filtering layer is filtered into coarse filtration; Sandfiltration pot 9 is to adopt conventional pressure type deep-bed filtration mode, and filtrate grating adopts quartz sand, magnetite double-layer filter material, total thickness of filter bed 800mm.Its principle of work is collision while utilizing sewage to pass through filter bed absorption crown_interception, removes the pollutents such as oil-containing in oily(waste)water and suspended solids, thereby realizes the purification function of sewage; By the selection to filtering material particle diameter grating, realize the control to water outlet suspended solids median particle size simultaneously, guarantee that final outflow water water quality is qualified.Effluent quality reaches oil-containing and is not more than that 5 ㎎/L, suspension content are not more than 15 ㎎/L, median particle size is not more than 3 μ m.In filtration treatment process section 4, secondary fine filter 10 is surface filtrations, and the impurity that suspended impurity grain diameter in water is greater than to hole aperture by micropore filter material is held back, and surface filtration is essence filter.This equipment of the principle of work of fine filter 10 adopts modified fibre surface filtration mode, its principle of work is the absorption crown_interception while utilizing sewage to pass through modified fibre filtering material, remove the pollutents such as oil-containing in oily(waste)water and suspended solids, thereby realize the purification function of sewage; By the selection to filtering material precision, realize the control to water outlet suspended solids median particle size simultaneously, guarantee that final outflow water water quality is qualified.The effect of fine filter 10 is that the sewage after once filtering is carried out to depth type filtration processing, further remove remaining sump oil and suspended solids, and water outlet suspended solids median particle size is control effectively, effluent quality reaches oil-containing and is not more than that 5 ㎎/L, suspension content are not more than 5 ㎎/L, median particle size is not more than 2 μ m.Fine filter 10 adopts to purify waste water and carries out backwash, adopts reverse back flushing.Purify waste water by after backwash water pump lifting, from filtering layer bottom water outlet, enter, filtering layer fluidisation is expanded, and rinse, thereby realize the filtering layer reusable object of regenerating.
Sludge treating system 6 comprises sludge concentrating pot 14, the water outlet pipeline that sludge concentrating pot 14 tops connect is connected with the water inlet pipe of micro-organism treatment process section 2, sludge concentrating pot 14 bottoms go out mud pipeline and are connected with the inlet end of centrifuge 11, the exit end of centrifuge 11 is connected with the inlet end of worm conveyor 12, on the water outlet pipeline that goes out mud pipeline and top connection that sludge concentrating pot 14 bottoms connect, is separately installed with recovered water pump 13.Moisture percentage in sewage sludge after sludge treating system 6 mummification processed is less than 75%, and oil-containing is less than 2%.Mud is mainly produced by micro-organism treatment process section 2, after organism in water is decomposed by flora, be converted into constitute and the energy of bacterial growth breeding, in the metabolic processes of flora, aging mycoderm can be substituted by newborn mycoderm, and aging mycoderm, under the souring of aerating system aeration, comes off and enters water body, its main composition is: aging mycoderm and be attached on the various suspended substances of not degrading in the water on mycoderm, its bulk & form is relatively large.The micro-aeration mode of micro-organism treatment process section 2 last employing, the mud that biological purification system is produced carries out solid-liquid separation.Under flotation effect, in water, the mycoderm of bulk is easy to emerge under the drive of device interior floating bubble, forms scum silica frost, and is collected in storage mud tank through scraping slag system.Finally be with cement slurry to utilize sludge treating system 6 to carry out dehydration and drying processing.The principle of sludge treating system 6 is, the mud of first micro-organism treatment process section 2 being discharged concentrates, 11 pairs of mud of recycling centrifuge carry out mummification dehydration, moisture percentage in sewage sludge after mummification dehydration is less than 75%, oil-containing is less than 2%, finally by worm conveyor 12, be promoted to loading height, meet the condition of outward transport.

Claims (3)

1. a ternary composite driving oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus, it is characterized in that: this device is divided into air supporting treatment process section (1), micro-organism treatment process section (2), Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section (3), filtration treatment process section (4), and micro-organism treatment process section (2) is equipped with sludge treating system (6);
Described air supporting treatment process section (1) is divided into zone of action (1-1), disengaging zone (1-2), exhalant region (1-3), Shou You district (1-4), zone of action (1-1) is connected with water distributor (1-5), viscosity is installed at thread detector (1-19) on water distributor (1-5), dissolved air release (1-6) is installed in zone of action (1-1), the inlet end of dissolved air release (1-6) is communicated with pressure regulator valve (1-21) and dissolving (1-12) successively, the inlet end of dissolving (1-12) connects respectively dissolved air water pump (1-13) and air compressor (1-14), the water pipeline that dissolved air water pump (1-13) inlet end connects communicates with exhalant region (1-3), zone of action (1-1) is separated by dividing plate (1-7) with disengaging zone (1-2), dividing plate (1-7) upper surface is the bending of (1-2) direction to disengaging zone, Oil scraper (1-10) is installed in Shou You district (1-4), Oil scraper (1-10) is driven by electric motor (1-11), sump oil in Shou You district (1-4) is scraped into collection tank (1-9), collection tank (1-9) is communicated with fuel reserve tank (1-16), the exit end of fuel reserve tank (1-16) connects the inlet end of receiving oil pump (1-17), in exhalant region (1-3), be provided with water tank (1-15), water tank (1-15) is communicated with header (1-8), the inlet end of header (1-8) is positioned at bottom, zone of action (1-1),
Described micro-organism treatment process section (2) comprises device body (2-1), device body (2-1) is divided into one~level Four breaking milk and removing oil district and solid-liquid separator (2-12), solid-liquid separator (2-12) is comprised of the settling section (2-9) of fore portion and the gas-solution water generator of rear section, every one-level breaking milk and removing oil is provided with stuffing box support (2-5) in district, and modular combination stuffing box (2-4) is installed in stuffing box support (2-5); Inner side-wall top, every one-level breaking milk and removing oil district is provided with effluent weir (2-7), effluent weir (2-7) is communicated with water distributor (2-8), water distributor (2-8) communicates with next stage breaking milk and removing oil district to downward-extension and through breaking milk and removing oil district sidewall, aerating system (2-2) is installed in device body (2-1), aerating system (2-2) is comprised of Aeration fan (2-13), aeration pipeline, aeration head (2-3), device body (2-1) internal upper part is provided with scrapes oil system, scrapes oil system and is comprised of Oil scraper (2-10), collection tank (2-11);
Described Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section (3-3) comprises air coarse filter (3-1), air coarse filter (3-1) is by pipeline successively joint noise reduction device (3-2), air compressor (3-3), air cooling driers (3-4), air fine filter (3-5), oxygenerator (3-6), reactive gas generating unit (3-7), catalytic oxidation tank (3-8), tail gas recycle device (3-9), wherein: reactive gas is installed at thread detector (3-10) on tail gas recycle device (3-9), reactive gas generating unit (3-7) is connected with circulating water cooling system (3-11), COD on-line monitoring device (3-12) is installed on catalytic oxidation tank (3-8), COD on-line monitoring device (3-12) and reactive gas generating unit (3-7) are connected with PLC controller (3-13) signal wire respectively, COD on-line monitoring device (3-12) is converted into electric signal transmission to PLC controller (3-13) by the COD value of water, after PLC controller (3-13) is compared COD value and the control curve storing, adjust the power of reactive gas generating unit (3-7), make it to adapt with water water quality,
Described filtration treatment process section (4) comprises two-stage filtration, wherein one-level is sandfiltration pot (9), secondary is fine filter (10), fine filter (10) is divided into upper cavity (4-2), lower chamber (4-4), upper cavity (4-2) upper surface adopts fast-open type upper cover (4-1) sealing, at upper cavity (4-2), dividing plate (4-3) is installed between lower chamber (4-4), at the upper a plurality of filter bags (4-8) of installing of dividing plate (4-3), filter bag (4-8) upper shed communicates with upper cavity (4-2), filter bag (4-8) adopts inner frame (4-9) and outer skeleton (4-7) to fix, inner frame (4-9) and outer skeleton (4-7) are fixed on dividing plate (4-3), lower chamber (4-4) bottom is connected with positive filter influent mouth (4-5), just leaching the mouth of a river (4-6), positive filter influent mouth (4-5) extends internally and is connected with upper cavity (4-2) through lower chamber (4-4), the positive filter influent valve (4-13) of positive filter influent mouth (4-5) and outside, backwash outlet valve (4-14) joins, just leaching the mouth of a river (4-6) and the outside water valve (4-12) that just leaches, backwash water intaking valve (4-11) joins, backwash water intaking valve (4-11) connects backwashing pump (4-10), positive filter influent valve (4-13), backwash outlet valve (4-14), just leaching water valve (4-12), backwash water intaking valve (4-11), backwashing pump (4-10) is connected respectively (4-15) with controller signals.
2. ternary composite driving according to claim 1 oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus, it is characterized in that: sludge treating system (6) comprises sludge concentrating pot (14), the water outlet pipeline that sludge concentrating pot (14) top connects is connected with the water inlet pipe of micro-organism treatment process section (2), sludge concentrating pot (14) bottom goes out mud pipeline and is connected with the inlet end of centrifuge (11), the exit end of centrifuge (11) is connected with the inlet end of worm conveyor (12), on the water outlet pipeline that goes out mud pipeline and top connection that sludge concentrating pot (14) bottom connects, be separately installed with recovered water pump (13).
3. a kind of ternary composite driving according to claim 1 oil field oil extraction waste water advanced treatment apparatus, it is characterized in that: master control system of the present invention adopts DCS distributed control system, each process section all has independently PLC controller, all PLC controllers, when completing the automatic control of this process section, are realized centralized displaying comprehensive coordinate by DCS distributed control system;
The automatic Control the content of each process section comprises:
1. air supporting treatment process section (1) is by viscosity on-line monitoring system, the viscosity of Real-Time Monitoring water, PLC Controlling System Real-time Collection viscosity, on-line monitoring system viscosity signal, and according to water viscosity changing conditions, the frequency-variable controller of the aperture of automatic pressure regulation variable valve and dissolved air water pump, the pressure of device dissolved air water and flow are carried out regulating and controlling in real time, thereby realize bubble diameter size adjustment, control reflux ratio simultaneously;
2. micro-organism treatment process section (2) is by COD on-line monitoring system and viscosity on-line detecting system, to gather the related data of water, through stored viscosity and COD data in PLC controller comparable data storehouse, compare, determine Aeration fan aeration rate, PLC controller, is realized the real-time online of aeration rate in device body is regulated automatically by controlling the frequency-variable controller of Aeration fan by this aeration rate;
3. Advanced Oxidation Technics in Dealing section (3) is, by COD on-line monitoring system, the COD value of water is converted into electric signal transmission to PLC controller, after PLC controller is compared COD value and the control curve storing, adjust the power of reactive gas generation systems (7), make it to adapt with water water quality.
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