CN104028916A - Welding wire and welding method for ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel - Google Patents
Welding wire and welding method for ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104028916A CN104028916A CN201410294244.5A CN201410294244A CN104028916A CN 104028916 A CN104028916 A CN 104028916A CN 201410294244 A CN201410294244 A CN 201410294244A CN 104028916 A CN104028916 A CN 104028916A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding wire and a welding wire reel for ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel. The welding wire comprises, by mass, C 0.005-0.015%, Mn 0.5-1.0%, Si 0.5-1.0%, Cr 14.5-16.5%, Ti 0.2-0.2%, Nb 0.5-1.0%, N 0.02-0.03% and the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities. Besides, (Nb+Ti)/(C+N)>/=11. The invention further discloses a method for welding the ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel by the welding wire. Welding heat input is 5-7KJ/cm. By the welding wire and the welding method, weld metal is high in strength and good in toughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding wire and corresponding welding method, relate in particular to a kind of stainless steel welding wire and corresponding welding method.
Background technology
Ferritic stainless steel is widely used in automobile exhaust system as main stainless steel kind.In ferritic stainless steel, due to not nickeliferous and cost is low, meanwhile, it has better pitting resistance, gap Corrosion Protection and pyro-oxidation resistance than austenitic stainless steel.
Meanwhile, existing stainless steel smelting technology can smelting ultralow-carbon and high-purity ferrite stainless steel, the processability of ferritic stainless steel is improved greatly, thereby made it become the preferred material of vehicle exhaust system.
Ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system in use adopts the welding material of austenitic stainless steel to carry out connection and the processing of parts conventionally, for example, adopt the stainless steel bare wire of ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers: the Institution of Mechanical Engineers) and the ER308L welding wire of filling in silk standard (SFA-5.9) to weld.ER308L welding wire belongs to austenitic stainless steel system, in the time that mother metal is ferritic stainless steel, in moist acid atmospheric environment, galvanic corrosion phenomenon will inevitably occurs, thereby affect to a certain extent the service life of car body.In addition, contain valuable metallic element Ni in ER308L welding wire, this has also improved manufacturing cost to a certain extent.In addition; the composition system of at present conventional ER430 welding wire is under Thermal Cycle effect; the ferrite crystal grain of sharply growing up can seriously reduce the toughness of weld seam; the ductile-brittle transition temperature of weld seam is conventionally more than 40 DEG C; thereby in welding process, easily produce weld seam hot tearing, and then increase significantly the fraction defective of product.
Therefore, hope can obtain a kind of welding material that can be widely used in ferritic stainless steel welding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of super-purity ferrite stainless steel welding wire, adopt the weld seam producing after the welding of this super-purity ferrite stainless steel welding wire to there is higher intensity, good decay resistance, anti-sensitization performance and good toughness, in addition, it is also difficult for producing weld seam fire check and being difficult for occurring dissimilar steel galvanic corrosion phenomenon.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes a kind of super-purity ferrite stainless steel welding wire, its chemical element quality per distribution ratio is:
C： 0.005-0.015％；
Mn： 0.5-1.0％；
Si： 0.5-1.0％；
Cr： 14.5-16.5％；
Ti： 0.2-0.4％；
Nb： 0.5-1.0％；
N： 0.02-0.03％；
Surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity;
And (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) >=11.
In technical scheme of the present invention, inevitably impurity mainly refers to P element and S element, wherein, controls P≤0.02wt.%, and controls S≤0.015wt.%.
Super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention by the design principle of the each chemical element in welding wire is:
C:C is one of effective element of metal strengthening element, and in steel, the C element of certain addition is absolutely necessary.But C is also one of important element that can cause weld seam hot tearing sensitiveness.For technical scheme of the present invention, need to be 0.005-0.015wt.% by the control of C content.
Mn:Mn is deposited metal, and it can provide the guarantee of some strength, and meanwhile, Mn has the effect of desulfurization and deoxidation in the process of molten bath.Based on this, the Mn element in technical scheme of the present invention need to be controlled as 0.5-1.0wt.%.
Si:Si contributes to improve the mobility in molten bath stage molten bath on the one hand, and also contribute on the other hand and be combined and form slag inclusion thing floating with oxygen element, thus the content of oxygen in reduction molten bath.Therefore, super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention is set between 0.5-1.0wt.% scope with the Si content in welding wire.
Cr:Cr is one of interpolation element important in stainless steel welding material, and it is to make weld seam have the guarantee of corrosive nature.Simultaneously, alloying component in appropriate Cr element and the type of stainless steel adding matches, the galvanic corrosion that can be conducive to avoid excessive component difference and cause welding point, therefore, need to control with the Cr content in welding wire be 14.5-16.5wt.% to super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention.
Ti and Nb: refined crystalline strengthening is unique to intensity and all contributive schedule of reinforcements of toughness.Further improve the toughness of the deposited metal of welding wire for knowing clearly, can reach by the poor thick ferrite crystal grain of further refinement toughness the object of strengthening toughness, for this reason, need to add Nb, the Ti of certain content.Because C, N and Nb, Ti have extremely strong adhesion, and TiN composite particles can stably be present in the liquid molten steel of 1535 DEG C, for body-centred cubic ferrite forming core provides core, thereby finally plays the effect of thinning microstructure crystal grain.NbC composite particles can be separated out in the time of 1100 DEG C of temperature, to reach the effect of strengthen welds metal strength.In the time that Ti content is too low, the heterogeneous forming core core of formation very little, can not play the effect of crystal grain thinning; In the time of Ti too high levels, because Ti is very active element, it is very easily oxidized, and will in smelting process, easily form the slag inclusion of more difficult removal, thereby affects the surface quality of strand and the recovery rate of metallic element.Meanwhile, Nb content is also unsuitable too high, due to the adding membership and significantly increase the rising speed of rolling temperature of Nb element in the operation of rolling, thereby easily makes weld seam produce hot tearing, and then causes the situation of welding seam breaking to occur.For these reasons, technical scheme of the present invention is controlled super-purity ferrite stainless steel with the Ti in welding wire be 0.2-0.4wt.%, and Nb is controlled as 0.5-1.0wt.%.
The Main Function of N:N element is to form nitride particles with the metallic element such as Ti, Nb.But N is also a kind of clearance type austenite element in the technical program, the too much N that adds in high-temperature liquid state austenite transition process, will form martensite on primary tiller grained ferrite boundary, be unfavorable for the toughness of weld metal.Comprehensive above-mentioned principle, the technical program is 0.02-0.03wt% by the control of N content.
Need to meet under the prerequisite of above-mentioned limited range with the every chemical element in welding wire at super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention, between Nb, T, C and N, also need to meet formula: Nb+Ti)/(C+N) >=11.This is because in welding process, and the weld metal sensitization producing of being combined with C, N is also that the present invention designs one of consideration key factor.Inventor finds by great many of experiments, and in the time of (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) < 11, the sensitization phenomenon of weld seam will occur, thereby causes weld seam corrosion resistance to reduce and lost efficacy; And work as (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) >=11, and cooling weld metal is due to a large amount of Nb, Ti elements fed rapidly, and just firmly C and N element, makes weld metal possess good anti-sensitization.
Technical scheme of the present invention is selected according to the coagulation efficiency and mechanism alloy element of alloying element in steel, and has optimized the quality per distribution ratio of each chemical element.Coupling between element and element that the present invention adopts can reach the performance indications of similar products.Compare to ER308L welding wire, super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention reduces with the content of Cr in welding wire and Ni, and this not only makes the corrosion potential of welding wire decline, and the tendency of welding point generation dissimilar steel galvanic corrosion is reduced greatly; Also reduce the manufacturing cost of welding wire, made it have good cost performance.Thus, can meet with welding point that welding wire obtains the requirement that parts connect serviceability and processing characteristics by the super-purity ferrite stainless steel of inventing completely, especially be applicable to connection and the processing of the parts of automobile manufacturing field.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of wire rod of welding wire for super-purity ferrite stainless steel, each chemical element quality per distribution ratio of this wire rod of welding wire is: C0.005-0.015%, Mn0.5-1.0%, Si0.5-1.0%, Cr14.5-16.5%, Ti0.2-0.4%, Nb0.5-1.0%, N0.02-0.03%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity; And (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) >=11.
The method that the present invention also provides above-mentioned welding wire to weld super-purity ferrite stainless steel, wherein, sweating heat is input as 5-7kJ/cm.
Belong to stainless steel system because the present invention adds up to system, therefore the mobility in high-temperature liquid state molten bath and sweating heat input are closely related.Inventor finds in process of the test, and for the technical program, sweating heat input is too low, be easy to genetic horizon with layer, the defect such as incomplete fusion between Dao Yu road; But sweating heat input is excessive, also can impel the dendrite grain growth of welding region, be unfavorable for welded seam area toughness properties, therefore, need the heat of controlling to be input as 5-7kJ/cm.
Further, in the method for super-purity ferrite stainless steel being welded at welding wire of the present invention, adopt gas metal-arc welding.
Further, in the method for super-purity ferrite stainless steel being welded at welding wire of the present invention, welding current is 210-230A, and weldingvoltage is 24-26V.
Further, in the method for super-purity ferrite stainless steel being welded at welding wire of the present invention, speed of welding is 400-600mm/min.
Further, in the method for super-purity ferrite stainless steel being welded at welding wire of the present invention, control interlayer temperature and be less than 100 DEG C.
The method weldering that adopts welding wire of the present invention to weld super-purity ferrite stainless steel is front without preheating, postwelding is also without extra heat treatment, simplify welding step, and due to the welding procedure adopting in technical scheme of the present invention, the yield strength (σ of the deposited metal of the weld seam that welding wire forms
s)>=250MPa; Tensile strength (σ
b)>=450MPa; Percentage elongation (δ)>=15%; Impact flexibility (A
kV, 20 DEG C) and>=30J/cm
2.
Super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention on the basis of rational Composition Design, leads to the optimization of welding procedure with welding wire, has improved intensity, toughness and the percentage elongation of the deposited metal of welding wire.
The weld seam that super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention forms with welding wire is difficult for cracking, and the welding point being formed by it is difficult for occurring dissimilar steel galvanic corrosion situation.
Compared to ER308L welding wire of the prior art, because super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention is low with Cr, the Ni content of welding wire, cost is low and cost performance is high.
The method that welding wire of the present invention welds super-purity ferrite stainless steel can be improved the properties of the deposited metal of weld seam, the yield strength (σ of the weld(ing) deposit obtaining by technical scheme of the present invention
s)>=250MPa; Tensile strength (σ
b)>=450MPa; Percentage elongation (δ)>=15%; Impact flexibility (A
kV, 20 DEG C) and>=30J/cm
2.
Detailed description of the invention
To super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention be made and being further illustrated by the method that welding wire and this welding wire weld super-purity ferrite stainless steel according to specific embodiment below, but specific embodiment and related description form the improper restriction for technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment A 1-A5
Produce the super-purity ferrite stainless steel welding wire in embodiment A 1-A5 through operations such as smelting, rolling, drawings, gage of wire is 1.2mm, and wherein, each chemical element composition of controlling the welding wire in embodiment in smelting procedure is as shown in table 1.In addition, also the welding wire in embodiment A 1-A5 can be made to corresponding wire rod of welding wire.
Table 1 has been listed the quality per distribution ratio of each chemical element of the welding wire in this case embodiment A 1-A5.
Table 1. (wt%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity)
| Sequence number | C | Mn | Si | Cr | Ti | Nb | N | (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) |
| A1 | 0.013 | 0.82 | 0.69 | 15.16 | 0.29 | 0.61 | 0.021 | 26.5 |
| A2 | 0.010 | 0.80 | 0.64 | 14.63 | 0.22 | 0.84 | 0.026 | 29.4 |
| A3 | 0.006 | 0.88 | 0.72 | 16.33 | 0.26 | 0.95 | 0.024 | 40.3 |
| A4 | 0.008 | 0.79 | 0.87 | 14.86 | 0.34 | 0.58 | 0.028 | 25.6 |
| A5 | 0.007 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 15.64 | 0.28 | 0.71 | 0.024 | 31.9 |
Adopt the welding wire in embodiment A 1-A5 to weld super-purity ferrite stainless steel, adopt consumable electrode gas to protect the welding procedure of weldering, control sweating heat and be input as 5-7KJ/cm, welding current is 210-230A, weldingvoltage is at 24-26V, speed of welding is 400-600mm/min, and controls interlayer temperature and be less than 100 DEG C.Before welding procedure starts without preheating, after welding procedure finishes also without heat treatment.Relevant parameter in concrete welding procedure is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 has been listed the various process parameters of the method that the welding wire that adopts in this case embodiment A 1-A5 welds super-purity ferrite stainless steel.
Table 2.
| Sequence number | Sweating heat input (kJ/cm) | Welding current (A) | Weldingvoltage (V) | Speed of welding (mm/min) | Interlayer temperature (DEG C) |
| A1 | 6.7 | 215 | 24 | 460 | 87 |
| A2 | 6.3 | 210 | 25 | 500 | 61 |
| A3 | 5.9 | 210 | 26 | 550 | 75 |
| A4 | 5.3 | 213 | 25 | 600 | 64 |
| A5 | 7.0 | 223 | 24 | 460 | 70 |
Table 3 has been listed the properties of the deposited metal of the weld seam that the welding wire in this case embodiment A 1-A5 forms.
Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, adopt the weld seam that welding wire of the present invention and welding procedure form deposited metal yield strength all>=255Mpa, tensile strength all>=460Mpa, percentage elongation all more than 15%, the average of impact flexibility all>=35.7J/cm
2.Can know thus, the super-purity ferrite stainless steel in embodiment A 1-A5 adopts the weld seam that obtains after welding method of the present invention to have good intensity, toughness and extension property with welding wire, and it can substitute ER308L welding wire and weld.
Super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention can using vehicle gas extraction system use the parts machining of super-purity ferrite stainless steel to connect with welding wire, also can apply being welded to connect of the Steel materials such as other flat cold-rolled sheet stainless steels or martensite+ferrite diphasic stainless steel.
Be noted that above enumerate only for specific embodiments of the invention, obviously the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, have many similar variations thereupon.If all distortion that those skilled in the art directly derives or associates from content disclosed by the invention, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a super-purity ferrite stainless steel welding wire, is characterized in that, its chemical element quality per distribution ratio is:
C0.005-0.015%, Mn0.5-1.0%, Si0.5-1.0%, Cr14.5-16.5%, Ti0.2-0.4%, Nb0.5-1.0%, N0.02-0.03%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity; And (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) >=11.
2. for a wire rod of welding wire for super-purity ferrite stainless steel, it is characterized in that, its chemical element quality per distribution ratio is:
C0.005-0.015%, Mn0.5-1.0%, Si0.5-1.0%, Cr14.5-16.5%, Ti0.2-0.4%, Nb0.5-1.0%, N0.02-0.03%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity; And (Nb+Ti)/(C+N) >=11.
3. the method that adopts welding wire as claimed in claim 1 to weld super-purity ferrite stainless steel, is characterized in that: sweating heat is input as 5-7KJ/cm.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, adopts gas metal-arc welding.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, welding current is 210-230A, and weldingvoltage is 24-26V.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, speed of welding is 400-600mm/min.
7. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, controls interlayer temperature and is less than 100 DEG C.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410294244.5A CN104028916A (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2014-06-26 | Welding wire and welding method for ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel |
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| CN201410294244.5A CN104028916A (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2014-06-26 | Welding wire and welding method for ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel |
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| CN104028916A true CN104028916A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104690447A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 西安理工大学 | Self-shielded flux-cored wire for 0Cr13 ferrite stainless steel, and preparation method of self-shielded flux-cored wire |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1314228A (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-26 | 现代综合金属株式会社 | Solder core type welding wire with good anti-fragmentation performance for welding ferrite stainless steel |
| JP2005000971A (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-01-06 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel welding wire and welding method which give weld zone excellent impact property |
| JP2008132515A (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-06-12 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corp | Ferritic stainless steel weld metal with excellent corrosion resistance, and welding wire |
| CN101288926A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ferritic stainless steel wire rods for welding wire, welding wire and manufacturing method and application thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-06-26 CN CN201410294244.5A patent/CN104028916A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1314228A (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-26 | 现代综合金属株式会社 | Solder core type welding wire with good anti-fragmentation performance for welding ferrite stainless steel |
| JP2005000971A (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-01-06 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel welding wire and welding method which give weld zone excellent impact property |
| JP2008132515A (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-06-12 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corp | Ferritic stainless steel weld metal with excellent corrosion resistance, and welding wire |
| CN101288926A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ferritic stainless steel wire rods for welding wire, welding wire and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104690447A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 西安理工大学 | Self-shielded flux-cored wire for 0Cr13 ferrite stainless steel, and preparation method of self-shielded flux-cored wire |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |